EAQ Chapter 23 - Life Span Development
A young mother comes to the clinic with her 2-month-old daughter. While taking vital signs, the nurse finds that the baby's heart rate is 120 bpm. The mother expresses concern about the fast heart rate. What is the best response by the nurse?
"This is a normal heart rate for a 2-month-old baby."
A nurse is assessing a toddler on evening rounds. The mother is upset and explains to the nurse that the toddler consistently has temper tantrums. What should the nurse teach the parent about the behavior?
"Unless the child or others may be harmed, ignore the negative behavior."
The nurse is assessing a child's speaking abilities and understands the telegraphic speech of the child. What could be the age of the child that the nurse is assessing?
1-year-old
Which individuals are at greatest risk for abusing their children? Select all that apply.
Very strict No self-control Abused as a child
A nurse is talking with the mother of an 8-year-old child who expresses concern that her child is more focused on friends than anything else. Which is the most appropriate response?
"At this age, the child is developing his own personality."
The nurse is teaching an infant's parents to take precautionary measures against accidents and injury to the infant. What instruction should the nurse give to the parents to ensure safety? Select all that apply.
"Do not give the infant popcorn and hard candies." "Avoid placing pillows near the infant while he or she is sleeping." "Keep the sides of the crib up and set the mattress at its lowest position."
A parent of a preschooler is concerned about the child's behavior. Which statements if made by the parent would indicate to the nurse that instructions on setting limits on behavior were effective?
"I will explain acceptable behavior." "I should reinforce positive behavior." " I must stay calm when arguing with the child."
A pediatric nurse is educating a young mother about feeding a toddler. Which statement, if made by the mother, indicates teaching has been ineffective?
"I will try several new foods at the first feeding."
The nurse is teaching a group of mothers in a community regarding toddler diet requirements. What does the nurse inform the mothers?
"Serve at least one serving of meat a day."
On interacting with a newborn's parent, the nurse understands that the newborn is sufficiently breastfed. Which statement by the newborn's parent has enabled the nurse to reach this conclusion? Select all that apply.
"My baby passes seedy stools about three times a day." "My baby passes urine frequently and wets six diapers a day."
A mother of a 5-year-old child complains to the school nurse, "My child is behaving very stubbornly these days and does not follow my instructions." The nurse explains to the mother Piaget's stages of development in children. Which statement by the mother indicates a better understanding?
"My child has age-appropriate behavior."
A patient with a visual impairment is accompanied to the clinic by a family member. The family member asks the nurse what can be done at home to help the patient function. What would be the most appropriate response for the nurse to give?
"Place essential items in the direct visual path."
The parents inform the nurse, "Our child has bad dreams and wakes up in the night crying." What suggestion would the nurse give to the parents to improve the sleep patterns in the child? Select all that apply.
"Read stories to the child at night." "Play soothing music in the child's room." "Bathe the child with warm water before sleep."
Parents of a toddler have brought their child to the health care center for a routine checkup. The nurse learns that the toddler's parents are planning to send the child to a day-care center. What should the nurse suggest to the parents regarding the selection of a day-care center? Select all that apply.
"Select one that separates children by age group." "Select one that has ample space for the children to play." "Select one that has proper educational structures for the children."
The nurse is assessing an elderly patient who reports pain in the joints. On assessment the nurse finds that the patient also has stiffness in the joints. What suggestion should the nurse provide? Select all that apply.
"Walk on a regular basis." "Avoid walking on sloped surfaces." "Use a walking stick while walking."
The mother of a 2-year-old is concerned that her child is not eating enough at each meal. What education should the nurse provide when the mother asks how much this child should consume at each meal?
2 tablespoons of each solid food
The nurse is physically examining a 5-month-old healthy infant. On reviewing the birth report, the nurse finds that the infant's weight was 3 kg at the time of birth. What would be the present approximate weight of the infant?
6 kg
An older patient comes to the clinic for a routine visit. During the taking of the health history, the patient admits to engaging in daily exercise and attending field trips at the local adult day care center. Which life theory best explains the patient's lifestyle behavior?
Activity theory
A female patient is complaining of vaginal discomfort caused by dryness during intercourse. What advice should the nurse give to the patient?
Apply a liberal amount of lubricant
A frustrated father asks the nurse what can be done for a child who is independent, wants to do things his own way, and is constantly using the word "no." According to Erikson's stages of psychosocial development which stage should the nurse explain the child experiencing?
Autonomy versus shame and doubt
A nurse is caring for an 88-year-old patient with extremely fragile skin. What interventions would the nurse place on the nursing care plan to provide the best protection for the skin?
Change positions frequently
While teaching a group of older adults at the senior center, the nurse encourages which health-promoting behaviors? Select all that apply.
Eat a low-cholesterol diet Have regular medical checkups Take medications as prescribed by the primary health care provider
A young parent brings a toddler to the clinic for a routine checkup. While the nurse is taking the health history, the mother inquires about methods to promote healthy sleeping patterns. What is the best advice the nurse can give the mother?
Enjoy quiet activities such as a story and establish a bedtime ritual.
While caring for a patient, a nurse learns that the patient lives in the same house as the patient's grandparents. What type of family is this considered?
Extended family
A mother is ordering a food tray for a 10-month-old infant in a pediatric hospital. Which food item would the nurse remove from the tray to increase patient safety?
Grapes
A patient on a neurologic unit is experiencing a decrease in taste and smell distortion. Which intervention, if carried out by the nurse during meals, can assist the patient with the neurologic deficits?
Have dietary prepare foods that are very attractive and colorful
A parent reports to the nurse, "My child gets upset and won't eat his dinner when he loses in school games." Which stage of Erikson's theory would the nurse correlate the child's activity with?
Industry versus inferiority
What instruction should the nurse give to an elderly patient diagnosed with presbyopia?
Keep bright-colored objects in your home.
The family member of an elderly patient living alone is concerned about safety. During family teaching, what should the nurse focus on to prevent accidents from occurring?
Knowledge and recognition of factors that can cause accidents
The nurse is examining a patient who has been prescribed hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Which intervention should the nurse follow to ensure safe administration of the medication? Select all that apply.
Monitor for changes in the patient's breasts. Monitor for changes in the patient's blood pressure.
What are woman at the highest risk for because of the gradual physical changes that occur during middle adulthood (ages 40 to 65)?
Osteoporosis
A patient is scheduled to retire within the next year. Which action if taken by the patient will lead to positive outcomes related to the psychological adjustment during the retirement phase?
Planning and discussing hopes and expectations for the retirement period
A new clinic nurse is interviewing a male patient. The patient's chief complaint is constipation. What suggestion should the nurse give to the patient to prevent constipation?
Practice regular toilet habits
After assessing an infant, the nurse finds that the infant is at a high risk of developing bottle-mouth syndrome. What feeding activity would be advisable to ensure the infant's safety?
Providing only water in the bottle during a bedtime feeding
An elderly patient is lying in the room crying. When questioned, the patient admits to being frustrated about having to live alone, the loss of a spouse, and not being able to see the grandchildren. This patient is experiencing which stage of development?
Senescence stage
A mother tells the nurse that her 3-year-old son has been acting out against others and throwing temper tantrums. What is the most important instruction to provide this mother?
Set limits on your son's behavior.
A graduate nurse is caring for a patient with difficulty hearing. Which action would best facilitate patient-nurse interaction?
Talking slowly in a low tone
A nurse enters the room of a 6-month-old infant. The parent has just placed the infant in the crib. What action if noticed by the nurse would be of great concern?
The baby is placed on the abdomen.
A nurse on a pediatric unit is rounding on assigned patients. What interaction, if witnessed by the nurse during rounds, would be of great concern?
The baby's bottle is propped on a pillow during feeding.
The nurse is observing a toddler's psychosocial development based on Erikson's theory. What should be assessed in the child to find if the child has achieved age-appropriate development?
The child can say a four-word sentence.
The nurse is assessing the cognitive development of a 4-year-old child using Piaget's method. Which observation by the nurse indicates that the child has good cognitive development?
The child identifies the pictures in the chart.
The nurse is observing of the behavior of schoolchildren from an extended democratic family. The nurse finds that one child clings to the parents every morning before school. What could the nurse understand from the child's behavior?
The child is experiencing stress.
During examination, the nurse suspects that an elderly patient has presbycusis. What behavioral changes would the nurse have observed in the patient?
The patient constantly asked the nurse to speak louder.
A registered nurse is completing a psychosocial component of the nursing care plan. What behavior, if observed, indicates the patient has successfully completed the developmental task of late adulthood?
The patient has accepted illness and has prepared a will.
The nurse is observing an elderly patient with benign prostatic hypertrophy. What finding would the nurse obtain during the observation?
The patient has impaired urinary flow.
While counseling the parents of a 2-month-old infant, the nurse informs them, "Babies should always sleep on their backs." Why would the nurse say this?
To prevent sudden death of the infant
The nurse counsels the mother of an infant to avoid milk in the nighttime bottle. What is the reason for giving this advice to the infant's mother?
To promote oral hygiene
After assessing an infant, the nurse suggests the infant's parents to avoid giving excess water to the infant. Why did the nurse give this instruction to the infant's parents?
Water intoxication causes poor weight gain in an infant.
A community health nurse is planning a health fair. An information booth will be included to educate the adolescent population. Which essential topics should the nurse include as part of the discussion? Select all that apply.
Water safety Drug education Accident prevention
While assessing a female patient, the nurse finds that the patient has been prescribed an estrogen supplement. Which symptoms does the nurse expect to find in the patient? Select all that apply.
Edema Sweating during the night
An elderly patient on an orthopedic unit is experiencing joint stiffness. Which intervention should the nurse implement to assist the patient to feel more comfortable?
Perform passive range-of-motion exercises
The nurse asks an infant's mother to reduce the frequency of feeding. What symptoms would the nurse have observed in the infant?
The infant passes watery stools.
The nurse is teaching various health promotion strategies to a group of elderly people in a community. What information does the nurse include in the teaching plan? Select all that apply.
"Drink 1500 mL of fluids per day." "Get an influenza vaccination once a year." "Include at least 500 mg of calcium in your diet."
A male patient who has heard numerous horror stories about prostate diseases comes to the primary health care provider's office for a routine examination. What would be the best advice the nurse can offer the patient to address concerns?
"A blood test and examination can be used to diagnose prostate problems."
An experienced nurse is educating an elderly patient about common changes that occur with aging. What information if given by the nurse would best help the patient to adjust to changes associated with the heart?
"Engage in daily exercise, rest, and a decreased-sodium diet."
What does the nurse teach the parents of a 7-month-old infant about good oral hygiene to prevent tooth decay in the infant? Select all that apply.
"Massage the infant's gums and wipe them slowly." "Use fluoride toothpaste if the water contains no fluorine." "Start brushing as soon as the child's teeth start to appear."
The nurse tells the parents of a 6-month-old infant that their child is old enough to try solid foods. What relevant suggestion should the nurse give the parents?
"Start feeding with infant cereals."
A nurse is caring for an older adult resident in a long-term care facility. While the nurse is talking with this resident, the older adult reminisces about life, family, and career accomplishments. Based on Erickson's stages, you know this resident is in which stage of development?
Ego integrity versus despair
According to Piaget, during the adolescent stage of growth and development, an individual's cognitive function reaches maturity. What stage is this considered?
Formal operational thought stage
A student nurse has been assigned to the pediatric clinic. During the assessment, which set of data should the nurse expect to be considered normal when measuring the preschooler's vital signs?
Heart rate 80, respiratory rate 23, and blood pressure 110/60
The nurse is teaching a group of student nurses about the biological theories of aging. Which points should the nurse include in the teachings?
Lipofuscin is a pigmented material that promotes aging in individuals.
During a home visit, the nurse observes a child and concludes that the family pattern is autocratic. What made the nurse conclude so?
The child needs to follow the parents' strict rules.
Which condition would be a factor in placing a child in foster care rather than with his or her nuclear family?
The child's parents are economically unstable.
While reviewing the medical record of a patient, the nurse finds that the patient's height has decreased compared to the previous year's report. If this reading is accurate, which age group would the patient most likely belong to?
The elderly
The nurse is teaching a group of student nurses about sexual differentiation of a zygote. The instructor asks the student nurse to explain the pattern of chromosomal fusion for a male zygote. What would be a relevant answer given by the student nurse?
The male sperm's Y chromosome fuses with the female ova's X chromosome.
During a home visit, the nurse is assessing a toddler's toys. Which type of toys does the nurse suspect could cause harm and hurt the toddler? Select all that apply.
Toys with long strings Toys containing balloons Toys with detachable parts