Earth Science Chapter 24 Test Review

2 thermometers: one is wet and one is dry. Whirl them and check the rate of evaporation by reading the temperature differences.

Describe how a psychrometer works.

Solid: least amount of kinetic energy. Particles vibrate against each other. Liquid: enough energy for particles to move freely past each other. Gas: greatest amount of kinetic energy. Particles have the most random motion.

Describe the difference in molecular motion found in ice, liquid water, and water vapor.

Alternating layers of clear and cloudy appearances.

Describe the inside appearance of a hailstone. AND why?

Equator

Evaporation is greatest near the earth's...

Water condenses on ice crystals until it's large enough to rain.

Explain how precipitation forms in supercooled clouds.

Mountain range

Forceful uplifting of an air mass can occur as the air meets a...

False, warm, cold

True or False? *Cold* air can hold more water vapor than *warm* air.

False, dew

True or False? *Dew* forms only when the dew point falls below 32°F.

False, sleet

True or False? *Hail* is formed by rain that freezes as it strikes the ground.

False, water

True or False? *Water vapor* is the most common form of water found in supercooled clouds.

False, convective

True or False? As air rises and expands, it undergoes *advective* cooling.

True

True or False? Clouds require condensation nuclei to form.

True

True or False? Condensing water vapors slows the rate of adiabatic temperature changes.

True

True or False? Glaze ice forms when rain freezes as it strikes the ground.

True

True or False? Humid air usually has a higher dew point than dry air.

False, small

True or False? Rain gauges measure the precipitation that falls over a *large* region.

True

True or False? Silver-iodide is used in cloud seeding because it resembles ice crystals.

True

True or False? Snowflakes are usually larger in 30°F air than in 11°F air.

False, gas

True or False? Sublimation is the process by which a solid changes to a *liquid.*

True

True or False? The heat energy necessary for evaporation of ocean water is absorbed from the sun.

False, status

True or False? The lowest clouds in the sky are *cirrus* clouds.

Steam

Type of fog usually formed over inland rivers and streams.

Frost

What forms when the dew point is below 0°C?

Stratus

What type of cloud forms then warm, moist air overrides a layer of cool air?

Cumulus

What type of cloud usually forms in fair weather?

Hawaii, because warmer air holds more moisture.

Where would the air contain more moisture-over Hawaii or over Canada? Why?

Stratus

Which of the cloud types occurs at the lowest altitude?

Cirrus

Which type of cloud is composed entirely of ice crystals?

Cumulus

Which type of cloud is produced by the rising and cooling of large air masses?

Advection

Which type of fog occurs as warm, moist air moves across a cold surface?

Steam

Which type of fog usually forms over inland rivers and lakes?

Sleet

Which type of precipitation forms as rain falls through a layer of freezing air?

More condensation nuclei

Why would polluted air more likely form clouds than clear air would?

1.5 cm

15cm of very wet snow falls. How much water would there be?

Specific humidity

Actual amount of moisture present in the air.

Specific humidity

Actual amount of water vapor in a volume of air.

Condense

As temperature of air falls below dew point, vapor will...

Latent heat

Heat released when water condenses and changes to a liquid.

Silver iodide (which acts as freezing nuclei) and dry ice (used to cool air) are used to induce RAIN.

How does the process of cloud seeding work?

Sublimation

Ice changes directly into water vapor by the process of...

Coalescence

In tropical regions, rain usually results from process of...

Cumulonimbus

In which type of cloud is hail usually formed?

Evaporation

Most water vapor enters the atmosphere by the process of...

79%, closer to saturation

One body of air has a relative humidity of 79%. Another has a relative humidity of 30%. At the same temperature, which body of air is closer to its dew point?

Drizzle

Precipitation consisting of drops smaller than 0.5mm in diameter in called...

Ground fog

Radiation fog is also called...

Gas

Sublimation -> ice changes into a...

Coalescence

The collision and combination of large and small cloud droplets are described as...

Snow

The most common form of solid precipitation is...

Evaporation

The principle source of atmospheric moisture is...