Eclecticism
Stripped Classicism
Post WWI Hitler and Mussolini government buildings great and intimidating
Beaux-Arts Style: US
"American Renaissance" • New York Public Library • New York Grand Central Station
Elsie de Wolfe
American actress, interior decorator, nominal author of the influential 1913 book The House in Good Taste. She invented ID as a profession. The press usually referred to her as Lady Mendl. loved mirrors HATED victorian introduced casual feminine Ruby ross worked for her • New York Colony Club
Reliance Building
An office building (now a hotel) In Chicago with logically ordered spaces enclosed by faceted walls of glass and a steel skeleton covered by terra-cotta panels, which made for light cladding relative to bricks. It was similar to the Monadnock Building in terms of the floor plan, but they didn't waste materials covering up parts of the steel frame on the interior.
McKim, Mead & White
Boston Public Library
Saarinen & the Tribune Tower
Chicago Tribune skyscraper competition in 1992 Gropius and Saarines didn't win but entered very modern buildings for the time
Dorothy Draper
First commercial interior designer anti minimalism revolutionized to concept of design • Professionalized decorating • Dorothy Draper & Company • 1923 • Still in business • Commercial decorator Public space -- meaning of life Use of color Greenbriar Hotel
Egyptian and Chinese Theaters
Gruman's theaters
Saarinen & Cranbrook
Invited to Cranbrook Academy of Art BEucase of his building for the Tribune tower • Head of Cranbrook • Tremendous influence • Modern vocabulary
Ocean Liners
Mauretania (1907) • Italian & French Renaissance inspired Franconia • Tudor inspired Conte di Savoia • Gallery of Colonna Palace • Statuary & frescos Help spread design ideas
Early Skyscrapers
Need for height • The Monadock Building • Early skyscraper • Really simple
European Eclecticism
Not as wide spread - more striped Classism in Nazi - Albert spear designed for Nazis Scandinavia Britain-Sir Edmund Lutyens and Norman Shaw
Beaux-Arts Style
Of or relating to an architectural style originating in France in the late 19th Century and characterized by classical forms, symmetry, rich ornamentation and a grand scale
Eleanor McMillen
Opened the first full service interior design firm French eclecticism
Ecole de Beaux Arts (French Royal Academy)
Paris Ecole • First professional school of architecture • Drawing • Rendering • Fine arts • Curriculum similar to Auburn's • Client • Criteria • Presentation • Critique
Richard Morris Hunt
Part of the City Beautiful Movement, who built city homes for the wealthy; built for the Vanderbilt's (Biltmore). Metropolitan museum of art Biltmore
Sears, Roebuck, & Co.- spread of Design
Pre built houses you can order. Now everyone could read about design and architecture in magazines Furniture & department stores Movies and movie sets
Other Interior Designer
Rose Cummings-Period elements-flamboyant and eccentric Nancy McClelland- Correct historic -created (A.S.I.D.) -European/American antiques They were opposites
Beaux-Arts Style Examples
The Opera in Paris Paris Railroad station Petit Palais
Monadock Building
early skyscaper really simple
What is eclecticism?
the process of making your own system by borrowing from two or more other systems • Imitating historic precedent • Convincing reproductions • Prevalent in America • Craved a past • Newly rich all design should imitate history total originality was laughed at mishmash past = status eclecticism lead to interior design
The Rookery
• Central court roofed over with glass • Louis Sullivan: Art Nouveau decoration • Frank Lloyd Wright: ornamental interior
Louis Sullivan
• Little originality • Stock of treatments • Gothic churches • Georgian house • Classical banks • Etc.
Ruby Ross Wood
• Newspaper reporter • Assistant to de Wolfe • The Honest House
