EDLL 3350 FINAL, Children Literature Final
Discussion of content in a literature circle is generated mostly by the teacher and sometimes by the students.
False
When participating in a literature circle, students who choose the role of illustrator or artful artist are responsible for discussing the media and style of the illustrations that appear in the book.
False
Educational Values of Sharing Literature
In the Home -Phonological Dev -Synatactic Dev -Lexical Dev -Interac. PAtterns -Text Patterns -Early Reading In the School -Successful Reading -Knowledge of Textual Chara -Postive Attitude -"Choose to read" -Link across the curriculum
How do books to begin on develop intial literacy>
Introduction to literature Helps readers identify patterns
On average, which developmental age/stage enjoys imaginative stories such as talking dolls and animals?
Kindergarten
Which developmental age/stage requires books that can be completed in one sitting because of students' short attention span?
Kindergarten
The principal American scholar and researcher behind Reader Response Theory is
Louise Rosenblatt
Evaluation Criteria for Realistic Fiction
-The literary merit of the book -Your student's enjoyment of the book -Portray REALITIES of life -illuminate PROBLEMS AND ISSUES of growing up in the world. -Transcend the contemporary setting and have universal implications. -Characters are CONVINCING AND CREDIBLE. -An author will provide motivations and show aftereffects if violence or other negative behavior occurs. -AVOID STEREOTYPING -Truly represents the EXPERIENCE OF THE CULTURE depicted
Tall Tales (type of folklore)
-U.S. has developed more than any other country Contain humor, bravado, pioneer spirit -Legendary Heroes:
Fortune Teller
-predict what you think will happen later in book and to use clues from book to help make predictions.
Pupa Belpre Award
-honoring Latino writers and illustrators whose children's books best portray, affirm and celebrate the Latino cultural experience:
What is a Picturebook?
-impact of picturebook lies i nthe total format of book
Mother Goose
-introduction to literature -passing down from generations and across many cultures. -good story with quick action -offer children opppotunites for participation -DEVELOP PHONEMIC AWARENESS -humor appeals to children.
Which of the following would be considered sex-role stereotyping that calls for criticism?
a boy whose dog has been killed is scolded for crying
Scratchboard
a medium made of white paper coated with a thin layer of black ink, The illustration is done by etching away the design until the image is "revealed" or formed.
The factor most important to success in learning to read is
adults who read regularly with children
The genre of historical fiction does not include
authentic journals
Pictures in children's books
can enrich the child's imagination
Topics like death and suicide are taboo subjects in children's literature, yet these are realities in life that children need to learn how to face. This value talks about how realistic fiction
can serve as a kind of preparation for living
When dealing with language of the past that is controversial today, authors should
carefully consider how necessary the language is for character development
One of the values of children reading books of popular realism
children realize that they are not alone in facing problems
One of the values of historical fiction is that these books help children see their place in time as part of a bigger picture. This value talks about
developing a sense of history and developing a feeling for the continuity of life
When reading historical fiction, the plot sometimes involves characters making hard choices in life as well as opportunities for critical thinking and judgment. This value of historical fiction talks about
encouraging children to think as well as feel
The greatest personal value that literature gives to children is
enjoyment
Children who have little contact with the problems of the real world benefit from reading realistic fiction by
enlarging their frames of reference while seeing the world from another perspective
Historical fiction must draw on two sources:
fact and imagination
One of the issues regarding contemporary realism is that only authors of a particular culture should write about the experience of their culture. What is a counter argument?
fine writing is based on the high quality of the imagination
Poetry for children
for children it differs from for adults because it comments on life in dimensions that are meaningful for children -should reflect the real emotions of childhood
When evaluating historical fiction, the two topmost considerations are:
good story and balancing fact with fiction
One of the controversial issues surrounding realistic fiction is the amount of graphic detail that may be included in a book for children. The chapter mentions that since we are focusing on children ages birth to 14, it is difficult to make decisions about
how much violence is acceptable and how much violence is too much
A definition of contemporary realistic fiction would include one of these points:
imaginative writing that reflects life
The plot of a story
is a plan of action; it tells what the characters do and what happens to them
A picturebook differs from an illustrated book for this reason:
it gives meaning through both illustrations and text
One value of historical fiction for children is
it helps children judge the mistakes of the past more clearly
One of the values of contemporary realistic fiction is
it provides many possible role models, both good and bad
On average, which developmental stage starts to find reading an enjoyable activity, with an ability to read with complete absorption?
middle elementary - Grades 3 & 4
Writers of historical fiction first and foremost
must accurately reflect the spirit and values of the time
Collage is an art medium that involves
pasting of cut or torn paper
Good writing for children
piques a child's curiosity
Children should be encouraged to
read historical fiction with a critical eye
Literature plays a significant role in developing children's
reading and writing abilities, oral language, and positive attitude toward reading
When literature circles are used in a classroom, the role of the teacher is to
serve as the facilitator listening in, clarifying, and showing ways to respond to a text
Literature circles are characterized as
small groups of readers with temporary discussion roles
When evaluating contemporary realistic fiction, what two aspects must teachers focus on?
the book's literary merit and amount of enjoyment children may derive from it
Children's literature is distinct from other types of literature in that
the content is defined by children's experiences and understanding
All historical fiction stories share this feature:
they are set in the past
When authors of children's literature create the characters for their story, they do so
through their narration, conversations, or through the thoughts of other characters
Well-written realistic fiction also has the ability to
transcend the contemporary setting and have universal implications
Literature may touch on questions like the meaning of life and our relationships with nature and other people. When we think about literature's ability to provide a point of comparison from others' lives to our own lives, then the value being referred to is
universality of experience
Good literature can transport readers to places and times to expand their life space and feel connections with others as they enter an imagined situation. Kiefer describes this value as
vicarious experience
Evaluation Criteria for Poetry
-How does the rhythm of the poem reinforce and create the meaning of the poem? -If the poem rhymes, does it sound natural or contrived? -How does the sound of the poem add to its meaning? Does the poem use alliteration? -Onomatopoeia? Repetition? -Does the poem create sensory images of sight, touch, smell or taste? -Are these images related to children's delight in their particular senses? -Is the figurative language appropriate to children's lives? -What is the tone of the poem? -Is the poem appropriate for children? -Does the shape of the poem - the placement of the words - contribute to the poem's meaning? -What is the purpose of the poem? To amuse? To describe in a fresh way? To comment on humanity? To draw parallels in our lives?
Memiors
- First-person point of view -Specific time and place -Vivid observations -May include dialogue - focus on the authors' revelations of what events in their lives meant to them, not the events themselves
Theodor Seuss Geisel Award
-author(s) and illustrator(s) of the most distinguished contribution to the body of American children's literature known as beginning reader books published in the United States during the preceding year.
Evaluation Criteria for FolkLore
-Is there some mention or citation of the original source for this tale? -Is the plot simple and direct? -Is the language lively and engaging and in keeping with the oral tradition? -Does a theme emerge from the telling of the tale? -If so, what is the story's message or moral? -Do illustrations add to and extend the story? Are illustrations and details true to the culture represented? -Does the story represent cultural norms, or is it rewritten to conform to Western mores?
Nonfiction
- It is a literature of fact that combines both verbal and visual texts. body of literature representing a wider variety of books--biographies, history, true adventures, science, sports, photographic essays, memoirs, etc.-
Predictable Books
-Help emergent readers identify characteristics such as "repetitive language patterns, or the use of repetitive sequences" Examples: Numbers, days of the week, hierarchical patterns -Can combine several characteristics in a single story -Repetitive words, phrases or questions that invite children to share in the reading -Repetitive pattern -Words and phrases -Some play with patterns of alliteration to work with the pattern of words -ocuses on a single subject (animals, in this case) -Easily identifiable animals - subjects that they are familiar with
Schneider Family Book Award
-Honors an author or illustrator for books that embody an artistic expression of the disability experience:
Educational Values
-Literature in the home: oral language and language development -Literature in the School: reading aloud and learning to read, developing a sense of book language, developing fluency and understanding, literature and writing, literature across the curriculum
What's Children Literature?
- content of children's literature is limited by children's experience and understanding. Its uniqueness lies in the audience that it addresses, and authors of children's books are circumscribed by the experiences of childhood which are vast and complex.
Contemporary Realistic Fiction
-"Stories that can be true to life but are mostly from the author's imagination." -imaginative writing that accurately reflects life as it was lived in the past or could be lived today" (p. 390) -focuses on the problems and issues of living today -the dividing line between contemporary realistic fiction and historical fiction is set at the 1950s (anything written after the 1950s that meets the definition above is considered realistic fiction)
Evaluation of NonFiction Books
-Accuracy and authenticity Is the author qualified to write about this topic? Are the facts accurate according to other sources? Is the information up-to-date? Are all the significant facts included? -Content and perspective For what purpose was the book designed? Is the book within the comprehension and interest range of its intended audience? Is the subject adequately covered? Are different viewpoints presented? -Style Is information presented clearly and directly? Is the text appropriate for the intended audience? Does the style create the feeling of reader involvement? Is the language vivid and interesting? -Organization Is the information structured clearly, with appropriate subheadings? Does the book have reference aids that are clear and easy to use, such as table of contents, index, bibliography, glossary, appendix? -Illustrations and format Do illustrations clarify and extend the text or speak plainly for themselves? Are size relationships made clear? Are media suitable to the purposes for which they are used? Are illustrations explained by captions or labels where needed? Does the total format contribute to the clarity and attractiveness of the book?
What are Folktales?
-All forms of narrative, written or oral, handed through the years -Stories people created to help explain the world to their primitive minds -Tales told by storytellers again and again, transferred from one generation to the next, until the stories were smooth and polished -provide insights into the beliefs of the peoples, their values, their jokes, their lifestyles and their histories.
Surrealism
-Appears dreamlike and fantastical - Imaginative details and bizarre images -Meticulously detailed -Emphasis on positive expression of the subconscious
Impressionism
-Artist's impression of the subject -Large brushstrokes, lots of color and reflections -Not concerned with precise details -Shows effects of light on the subject -Colors are often blended by the viewer's eyes - dots and dashes
Forms of Poetry
-Ballads and Narrative Poems -Lyrical Poetry -Limericks -Free Verse -Haiku -Concrete Poetry
Collective Biographies
-Brief material about several people -Highlight contributions of ordinary people
Evaluation Criteria for Biography
-Choice of Subject Does the subject's life offer interest and meaning for today's child? -Accuracy and Authenticity Does the author provide notes about original source material, a bibliography, or other evidence of documentation? -Style Is the author's style clear and readable, with background material included naturally? -Characterization Is the subject presented as believable, multidimensional character, with both strengths and weaknesses? -Theme Does the author avoid oversimplifying or manipulating the facts to fit the chosen theme?
Evaluation Criteria for Historical Fiction
-Does the book tell a good story? -Is the story accurate & authentic as possible? -Any background information to distinguish fact from fiction? -Does the story accurately reflect the values & norms of the culture? -Does the author provide any contradiction or distortion of the events in history? - Are the background details authentic? -Does the book tell a good story? -Is the story accurate & authentic as possible? -Any background information to distinguish fact from fiction? -Does the story accurately reflect the values & norms of the culture? -Does the author provide any contradiction or distortion of the events in history? -Are the background details authentic?
Personal Values
-Enjoyment -Imagination -Vicarious Exp -Universality of Experiance -Insight into Human Behavior -Universality of Experiance
Trickerster Tales (type of folklore)
-Feature characters who try to trick others -Characters are often human-like -Characters may bring calamity on themselves
Cartoon
-Playful distortion of subjects -Gross exaggerations -Simple lined drawings or flat painting
-Process of cutting into metal or wood, applying ink to the surface, and pressing on paper
Values of Realistic Fiction
-Provides children a better understanding of human problems and human relationships, including a greater understanding of themselves and their potential -Helps children expand their points of view by gaining others' perspective -Reassures young people that they are not the only ones facing problems -Illuminates experiences that children have not had -Some books may serve as preparation for living -Serve as possible models (good and bad) for coping with human problems
Naive Art or Folk Art
-Represents folk cultures all over the world -Produced by people with little or no formal training -Techniques handed down through generations Includes simplified lines, color and space
Realism
-Represents subjects in a realistic manner -Subjects portrayed with detailed accuracy -Three-dimensional and proportional -As if seeing it in real life
Elements of Poetry
-Rhythm -Rhyme and Sound -Imagery -Figurative Language -Shape
Simplifies Biographies
-Short with many pictures for beginging reader -text is short and simple
Complete Biographies
-Spans a subject's lifetime with some depth, balance and sense of perspective • Traditionally the largest type of biography • Authors to know: Russell Freedman, Kathleen Krull & Jean Fritz
Access Features in Nonfiction Books
-Table of Contents -Chapter Titles -Glossary -Sidebars -Inserted Information -Bibliographies -Author's Notes -Photography -Diagrams -Maps -Tables
Pourquoi (type of folktale)
-The "why" tales - explaining certain animal traits, characteristics or human customs. Many Native American tales are "why" stories.
Historical Fiction Values
-help a child to experiance the past - encourages children to think as well as feel -Helps children see and judge the mistakes of the past more clearly -that times change but universal human needs have remained relatively unchanged -develop a feeling for the continuity of life and see themselves as part of a larger picture
Types of folklore
-cumalative -pourquoi -beast -wonder -realistic
Caldecott Award
-given to the artist of the most distinguished American picture book for children
Partial Biographies
-few memorable event -good story -limited but interesting view -often focus is subject's childhood.
Connections
-find and record connections between book and outside world.
Robert Sibert Award
-for most distinguished informational book for children:
Passage Picker
-pick parts of the text that are significant, enganging, unusual or made you feel a certain and why.
Picture-book biography
-pictures cary most of intrepetation -includes historical details.
Coretta Scott King Awards
-recognize African American authors and illustrators of outstanding books for children and young adults that reflect the African American experience:
Newberry Award
-to the author of the most distinguished contribution to American literature for children.
Artful Artist
-visually depict anything about the story that engaged you,
Summariser
-write brief summary or overview
Discussion Director
-write down why, how when where what if questions for group.
Paints, Pen, and Ink
Applying pigments mixed with a binder and medium such as water or oil to a surface (Kiefer, 2014, p. 72)
Orbis Pictus Award
National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE) - Promotes and recognizes excellence in the writing of nonfiction for children.
Some theories on readers' responses to texts focus exclusively on the text itself, its structure and characteristics. This notion is based on what type of theory?
New criticism
Gouache
Paint that is more opaque and thicker that gives an intense look, which is watercolor with added chalk
Evaluation Critera based on these elements
Plot, Setting, Theme, Characterization, Style and Point of View
NCTE Charlotte Huck Award for Outstanding Fiction for Children
Recognizes excellence in the writing of fiction that has the potential to transform children's lives.
Reader Response theories recognize a reader's characteristics, background, previous experiences, personality traits, interests, etc. when it comes to reading and comprehending texts. As such, each reader will have a different way of responding to a book.
True
