EGEE 101 - Midterm #2 - Part II
0.1 Micron to 2.0 Microns
Which size of particulates are the most harmful to human health?
50%
A proximate analysis shows that a certain lignite coal is 10% moisture, 30% volatiles, and 10% ash. What is the % fixed carbon?
95%
According the IPCC, climate scientists assign what % of certainty that burning of fossil fuels is responsible for the warming of the last century?
10%
Approximately how much stronger to climate models predict extreme weather like hurricanes will become by 2100?
Methane, Water Vapor, Carbon Dioxide
Name 3 greenhouse gases
True
The three main problems with fossil fuels are that they are non-renewable (fixed amount), pollution, and climate change
False
Weather and climate are the same thing
Methane
What is the main component of natural gas?
Transportation
What is the main use for petroleum?
88%
What percentage of captured CO2 is used for Enhanced Oil Recovery?
283 Years
At current US reserves, how long will coal last?
86 Years
At current US reserves, how long will natural gas last?
True
At low concentrations, doubling the concentration of a chemical typically doubles its effect
(plants in a) Humic Swamp (environment)
Coal is formed in what environment?
3.46/MMBtu
Convert a coal price of $90/ton to $/MMBtu
No (poorly installed casing does that)
Does fracking cause methane to leak into fresh water aquifers?
Tar Sands
Heavy bitumen stuck to sand grains is what?
True
Helium is NOT a green house gas, true or false?
Ice, Tree, Ship, Satellites
How do climate scientists reconstruct part temperatures? _____ cores, _____ rings, _____ logs, _____
Since 1947
How long has hydraulic fracturing "fracking" been being performed in the US?
30 Years
How many years could coal-to-liquids technology extend our petroleum use?
0.85C
How much did the temperature warm from 1850 to 2007?
Hydrogen and Carbon
Hydrocarbons refers to which two elements?
52.8
If there are 6,500 TCF of proved reserves of natural gas in the world and we are consuming 123 TCF per year, how long until we run out?
Shale Gas
Most of the added natural gas reserves in the US in the past decade have come from
Marine Life (preserved at the bottom of deep lakes)
Oil and Natural Gas typically form in what environment?
Deep Mining and Mountaintop Removal
What two methods are used to mine coal?
Over, Sea Waters
What were the main contributors to the BP oil spill in 2010? _____ pressure and cold _____ _____
Decrease
When a large volcano erupts, what is the short term (1-3) year effect on earth's climate? Temperatures will _____
Lignite
Which coal rank has the highest % volatiles?
Natural Gas
Which fossil fuel has the highest heating value per pound?
Natural Gas
Which fossil fuel is the cleanest burning?
Coal
Which fossil fuel produces ash?
Coal
Which is more expensive, $100/ton of coal or $3/MCF of natural gas?
Coal and Natural Gas
Which of the fossil fuels are regional commodities with regional prices?
Absorbed by the ocean
Which process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?
John D. Rockefeller
Who was the first to use petroleum for petrol and not kerosene?
