Egypt

200 miles (lowest Egypt to delta)

Approx distance from one side of fertile area to the other at its widest point

Tributaries

Branches of a river that flowed into a bigger river

Aswan

City immediate north of Philae

A place of hot, sunny days and cold nights, of crop laden fields and empty deserts

Contrasts that describe ancient Egypt

Red land

Deserts that surround the Nile

Irrigation

Ditches and Channels to bring water to crops and stop flooding

Black land

Fertile land found next to the Nile

Akhet

Flood season (Mid-June to mid-October). Farmers works on jobs like canal repair or quarring.

Spring-heavy rains in Ethiopian mountains cause flooding. June-River rises at first cataract during last week. September-River reaches its peak. October-River recedes. June-low point

Flooding of the Nile

Drinking and bathing, Farming, Cooking and cleaning, Fish and water for crops and animals.

For what did the Egyptians depend on the Nile River

Shemu

Harvest season (Mid-February to mid-June). Crops in the Lower Nile harvested and sent to market.

They knew that by the seasons, when they needed to harvest and they needed to pick the crops.

How did flooding cycle provide a seasonal rhythm for the Egyptian people?

About 200 miles

How far is it from the first cataract to the second cataract?

4 months

How many months did the Nile flood each year?

Naukratis on western side and Sais is on eastern side

Name 2 cities in delta are close to each other border the same stretch of the river.

Cataracts, Desserts and Delta

Name all the geographical features found in the Nile River that serve as natural barrier against outside invaders.

Mesopotamia on the Tigris-Euphrates river, China on the Yangste, India on the Indus and Egypt on the Nile

Name four important river civilizations of the ancient world.

"Hail O Nile, who comes from the earth, who comes to give the life to the people of Egypt"

Name the song in praise of the Nile

Eastern and Western desert borders the Nile River to the East and West.

Physical feature bordering the Nile River to the east and west

Peret

Planting and growing season (Mid-October-Mid-Feb). Water recedes but Nile high enough to fill irrigation canals; crops planted and tended.

Hymn

Religious song

Delta

The area of fertile soil around the Nile River that branches into the Mediterranean Sea is called...

Above

Was the Nile above or below the flood level during the harvest time?

Blue and While Nile

What are the two sources of the Nile?

the Red Land

What did the ancient Egyptians called the deserts?

Sahara

What is the name of the largest desert in the world?

Blue Nile in the mountains of Eastern Africa AND White Nile in the marshes of Central Africa.

Which 2 separate Rivers meet to form the Nile?

August

Which month did the harvesting end?

November

Which month was the planting time?

Because it provided them water to drink, bathe, farm, cook, clean and protect them from invaders.

Why Egypt has been called "the gift of the Nile"?

Once the ever present sand ground down a person teeth, infection and pain set in.

Why was sand a health thread for Egyptians?

Cataracts

Wild rapids

Memphis (East of Saqquara)

capital city of Lower Egypt

Thebes

capital city of Upper Egypt

dynasty

line of rulers from the same family

Papyrus

reed plant of the Nile Valley used to make paper. It was also used to make baskets, sandals, and river rafts

Hieroglyphics

system of writing made up of thousands of picture symbols and sound symbols developed by the ancient Egyptians