EH 2

The publication of this work, Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes, in 1651 reflected which of the following trends of the mid-17th C?

Application of a scientific and materialistic, rather than spiritualistic understanding of life.

Which generalization is supported by the data in the map?

Areas with Protestant majorities had greater number of trials than areas with Catholic majorities.

The massacre of Protestants at Vassy, France (March 1, 1562), resulted from tensions between the ________________ French monarchy and the ________________________ French nobility.

Catholic; Calvinist

Oneiromancy (witchcraft) may be practiced in two ways....And if they seek to know some secret, they learn it in dreams from the devil, by reason on an open pact entered into with him. - Dominicans Heinrich Kramer & Jacob Sprenger, excerpt from Malieus Maleficarum. Which of the following, along with the church, also regulated public morals?

City governments

The image of (Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes) is best represented by which statement?

Government is a consequence of the desire by men for security in an insecure world. 2

Which protestant leader had the most direct effect on France leading to this event?

John Calvin

Which of the following would be against the development of ideas that went against traditional teaching?

Ptolemy

(Refer to 'View of St. Petersburg from the first Russian newspaper, 1711') How does this image correctly represent the status of Russian in the early 18th century?

Russia was beginning to adopt the customs and practices of Western Europe.

Rene Descartes and Francis Bacon. These two men were best known for their contributions to the ________________________

Scientific Method

Oneiromancy (witchcraft) may be practiced in two ways....And if they seek to know some secret, they learn it in dreams from the devil, by reason on an open pact entered into with him. - Dominicans Heinrich Kramer & Jacob Sprenger, excerpt from Malieus Maleficarum. The passage above, when applied to the late 16th and early 17th centuries, represents a continued reflection of?

Social and economic upheaval in Europe

And thereupon the said lords spiritual and temporal and Commons, pursuant to their respective letters and elections, being now assembled in a full and free representation of this nation, taking into the most serious consideration the bet means for attaining the ends aforesaid, do in the first place... English Bill of Rights, 1689 Although often seen as a political document, the Bill of Rights was produced by religious factors as well. Which statement most accurately addresses the religious aspects of this development?

The King of England precipitated this event by setting aside laws restricting the rights of Catholics.

How does the painting reflect the place and time in which it was produced?

The work represents the "Golden Age" of the United Netherlands and the emerging of the Scientific Revolution.

Which of the following is true of the Netherlands?

Toleration marked the Dutch religious life where peoples of differing religious faiths lived together peacefully.

Which of the following events completed the Glorious Revolution?

William and Mary were proclaimed English monarchs

Under Oliver Cromwell, England was officially _________________

a Puritan republic

The Thirty Years' War began as a(n) __________________

revolt of Bohemian Protestant nobility against an unpopular king

Who were the supporters of Charles I and Parliament in the English Civil War?

the Cavaliers and the Roundheads respectively

And thereupon the said lords spiritual and temporal and Commons, pursuant to their respective letters and elections, being now assembled in a full and free representation of this nation, taking into the most serious consideration the bet means for attaining the ends aforesaid, do in the first place... English Bill of Rights, 1689 In what other seventeenth century European state existed a similar limitation on royal power?

the United Netherlands

Which of the following might have resulted from work done by those who refused to accept tradition?

the heliocentric view of the cosmos

The Peace of Augsburg recognized that ______________

the ruler of a land would determine the religion of the land

(Refer to map of witchcraft trials, 1550-1700) Which of the following offers the most plausible explanation for the relative lack of prosecution in Russia?

The failure of Protestantism to spread east reduced potential religious tensions often related to witchcraft accusations.

It appears from all this that the person of the king is sacred, and that to attack him in any way is sacrilege. God has the kings anointed by his prophets with the holy unction in like manner as he has bishops and altars anointed. But even without the external application in thus being anointed, they are by their very office the representatives of the divine majesty deputed by Providence for the execution of his purposes. Accordingly God calls Cyrus his anointed. Kings should be guarded as holy things.... -Jacques-Benigne Bosuet, 1678 What philosophy of government is advocated in the passage?

Divine Right Monarchy

We ordain the the Catholic religion shall be restored in all places and districts of our kingdom, so that it can be freely practiced there, without any disturbance or hindrance. We forbid all to disturb or cause annoyance to clerics in the celebrations, the receipt of tithes, and other rights and duties which belong to them...We forbid the "Reformed" religion to hold prayer meetings in the houses and dwellings of the above-said clerics... In order not to leave any cause for disputes between our subjects, we permit those of the so-called Reformed religion to dwell in the towns and districts of our kingdom, without being molested or constrained to do anything against their conscience. - The Edict of Nantes, 1598 Which of the following would be most likely to agree with the views represented in the document?

Elizabeth I

The above maps represent what important development in history?

English Civil War

Based on your knowledge and the map above, which of the following statements is true?

European states exploiting religious conflicts to promote their own political and economic interests contributed to the losses shown.

What policies did Sir Robert Walpole promote as chief minister in England?

He maintained peace abroad and promoted religious and political liberty at home

Which of the following dynasties is correctly identified with the region it ruled?

Hohenzollern dynasty in Russia

King Louis XIV made life difficult for _________________________

Huguenots

How did the location of the Palace of Versailles reflect the concerns of the French monarchy?

Its location was sufficiently distant from Paris to offer security from Parisian mobs who threatened Louis XIV during the Fronde.

It appears from all this that the person of the king is sacred, and that to attack him in any way is sacrilege. God has the kings anointed by his prophets with the holy unction in like manner as he has bishops and altars anointed. But even without the external application in thus being anointed, they are by their very office the representatives of the divine majesty deputed by Providence for the execution of his purposes. Accordingly God calls Cyrus his anointed. Kings should be guarded as holy things.... -Jacques-Benigne Bosuet, 1678 Which of the following would have been the most vigorous opponent of a philosophy like Bossuets?

John Locke

Other than a royal residence, what other function did the Palace of Versailles serve?

Leading nobles of France were required to reside there.

Which of the following would be most likely to use the map above to support their political goals?

Monarchs who supported the council of Trent

What were the two dominant models of European political development in the early modern period?

Parliamentary monarchy and political absolutism

(Refer to map of witchcraft trials, 1550-1700) Which statement best explains the disparity between the data for England and Scotland?

Radical Calvinism took root in Scotland while the more conservative Anglicanism was dominant in England.

Based upon your knowledge of the text, which of the following is the most plausible cause of the witch hunts?

Religious divisions and warfare threatened the security of society, and the witches were the scapegoats of a social panic

John Locke argues against absolute monarchy in his____________________

Second Treatise of Civil Government

(Refer to 'View of St. Petersburg from the first Russian newspaper, 1711') In what way was the Great Northern Wary (1700 - 1721) between Russia and Sweden a product of the image and the forces behind its publication?

Sweden was an obstacle to Peter the Great's ambition to gain ice-free ports in the Baltic Sea.

Which of the following most likely resulted from this conflict?

The development of constitutional government in England

The losses reflected on the map above refer to

The loss of German population during that time.

After Cromwell's death, the English were soon ready to restore ________________

The monarchy and the Anglican Church.

What did Mary I of England, Philip II of Spain, and Oliver Cromwell have in common?

They all sacrificed their political goals by refusing to compromise on religion

We ordain the the Catholic religion shall be restored in all places and districts of our kingdom, so that it can be freely practiced there, without any disturbance or hindrance. We forbid all to disturb or cause annoyance to clerics in the celebrations, the receipt of tithes, and other rights and duties which belong to them...We forbid the "Reformed" religion to hold prayer meetings in the houses and dwellings of the above-said clerics... In order not to leave any cause for disputes between our subjects, we permit those of the so-called Reformed religion to dwell in the towns and districts of our kingdom, without being molested or constrained to do anything against their conscience. - The Edict of Nantes, 1598 Based on the passage above and your knowledge, which of the following is the most correct statement?

This was a rare occurrence that could only happen in countries where politiques gained power

Peter the Great's inspiration for rebuilding his court in St. Petersburg was _______________________

Versailles

We ordain the the Catholic religion shall be restored in all places and districts of our kingdom, so that it can be freely practiced there, without any disturbance or hindrance. We forbid all to disturb or cause annoyance to clerics in the celebrations, the receipt of tithes, and other rights and duties which belong to them...We forbid the "Reformed" religion to hold prayer meetings in the houses and dwellings of the above-said clerics... In order not to leave any cause for disputes between our subjects, we permit those of the so-called Reformed religion to dwell in the towns and districts of our kingdom, without being molested or constrained to do anything against their conscience. - The Edict of Nantes, 1598 The passage above represents:

allowing religious pluralism in order to maintain peace

St. Petersburg _________________________

exemplified Russia's new orientation to the West

According to Pascal's famous wager ______________

it is best to believe God exists and stage everything to gain the lot; if God should prove not to exist, comparatively little will have been lost/

Under the rule of Peter the Great, Russia's boyars ______________

lost much of their power.

The Berlin Academy of Science denied Maria Winkelmann's application to continue her husband's study because _____________

she was a woman

Whereas Charles Stuart is hereby declared to be justly condemned, and put to death, it is enacted, ordained, and declared, by this Parliament that all the people of England and Ireland are discharged of all fealty, homage, and allegiance...And whereas it hath been found by experience that the office of a king in this nation and Ireland is unnecessary, burdensome, and dangerous to the liberty, safety and public interest of the people; be it therefore enacted and ordained by this present Parliament that the office of a king in this national shall not be exercised by any one single person; and that no one person shall have or hold the office, power or authority of King... - Cromwell Abolished the English Monarch (1651) The passage above represents the culminatoin on which of the following events?

the English Civil War

Based on the map above and your knowledge, which of the following best reflects the result of what is shown on the map?

the failure of the Habsburg rulers to restore Catholic Unity.