eInvestigation Lab 3A: Solar and Terrestrial Radiation

3. Comparing the three annual radiation curves indicates the annual range (the difference between the curves' maximum and minimum) of solar radiation received daily ______ as latitude increases. a. decreases b. increases

b. increases

14. Poleward from the Antarctic Circle on 21 December, the daily period of daylight is ______ hrs. This is the time of the South Pole's maximum tilt toward the Sun for the year. a. 0 b. 6 c. 12 d.18 e. 24

e. 24

4. Based on how solar radiation received varies with latitude, it can be inferred that seasonal temperature contrasts would ______ as latitude increases. a. decrease b. increase

b. increase

12. Now look at Figure 3A-5, the 21 December satellite image. On the Northern Hemisphere's winter solstice, the Earth's North Pole reaches its maximum tilt away from the Sun for the year. Consequently, poleward from the Arctic circle, the daily period of daylight is ______ hours. a. 0 b. 6 c. 12 d. 18 e. 24

a. 0

16. Poleward from the Antarctic Circle on 21 June, the period of daylight is ______ hours. a. 0 b. 6 c. 12 d. 18 e. 24

a. 0

7. Figure 3A-2 shows the variation in average daily solar radiation over the year, as reported in Figure 3A-1, must be due to changes in the daily ______. a. path of the Sun across the sky b. period of sunlight

a. path of the Sun across the sky

2. Figure 3A-1 shows a six-month period during which no sunlight is received at the ______. At this location there is only one period of daylight per year, but it is six months long! a. polar b. midlatitude c. equatorial

a. polar

8. In Figure 3A-1, for nearly four months both the midlatitude and polar locations receive more solar radiation on a daily basis than the equator. From Figure 3A-2, the major factor(s) that make(s) this happen at the North Pole is(are) the ______. a. maximum solar altitude b. daily length of daylight c. both of these

b. daily length of daylight

6. The pattern of sunlight received at the equator over the course of a year indicates that tropical locations ______ experience warm and cold seasons as is characteristic of the higher latitudes. a. do b. do not

b. do not

11. Look at Figure 3A-4, the 23 September image. The Earth's axis is perpendicular to the Sun's rays, so the sunset line and Earth's axis line up together in this perspective. Each latitude line, including the equator, is half in sunlight and half in darkness. Because the Earth rotates once in 24 hours, the period of daylight is ______ hours everywhere except right at the poles. a. 0 b. 6 c. 12 d. 18 e. 24

c. 12

10. Infer the seasonal weather contrasts at the middle and higher latitudes by comparing insolation values during the months centering on the summer and winter solstices. As seen from the midlatitude curve in Figure 3A-1, the June-July average top of the atmosphere insolation is about 11.4 kWh/m2/day while the December-January average is about 3.1 kWh/m2/day. This indicates that during the June-July period the midlatitude location receives about ______ the amount of top-of-the atmosphere solar energy received during December-January. a. 0.3 times b. the same amount as c. 3.7 times

c. 3.7 times

9. From the same NASA data set for Figure 3A-1, the average daily insolation averaged over a year in kWh/m2/day is 10.02 at the equator, 7.34 at 45ºN, and 4.13 at the North Pole. The midlatitude location receives about 73% as much solar energy as the equator and the North Pole receives ______ as much solar energy as the equator. This nonuniform receipt of energy sets the stage for Earth's weather and climate. a. 23% b. 32% c. 41%

c. 41%

1. Figure 3A-1 shows average daily solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere varies the least over the period of a year at the ______. At that location, the period of daylight is 12 hours in length throughout the year. a. polar b. midlatitude c. equatorial

c. equatorial

5. Of the three latitudes, the location that annually experiences two maxima and two minima periods of incoming solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere is the ______ location. a. polar b. midlatitude c. equatorial

c. equatorial

13. Examine the Northern Hemisphere latitude lines in the 21 December satellite image and compare how much of each line is in sunlight with the amount that is in darkness. At all latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere, the daily period of daylight is ______ the daily period of darkness. a. greater than b. equal to c. less than

c. less than

15.Now look at Figure 3A-6, the 21 June satellite image. On the Northern Hemisphere's summer solstice, Earth's North Pole attains its maximum tilt towards the Sun. Consequently, poleward from the Arctic Circle, the period of daylight is ______ hours. a. 0 b. 6 c. 12 d. 18 e. 24

e. 24