embalming comps

generalized edema

Anasarca

the embalming pressure achieved in gravity embalming is ____

0.43lbs / foot

the maximum average level of exposure to formaldehyde over an 8 hour period is ____ ppm

0.75 ppm

if you use 8oz of 16 index fluid to one gallon of water, what would be the index of your solution?

1.0%

If you use 16oz of 30 index fluid, how many ounces of a 2.5% solution would you have?

1.5 Gallons

what percentage dilute solution is created by adding 32 oz of a 28 index fluid in enough water to make 4 gallons of solution?

1.75 index

when using the gravity method of obtaining pressure for injecting arterial fluid, the embalmer can expect to recieve approximately ____ pounds of pressure per foot of elevation above the point of injection

1/2

there is an immediate danger to health and life if exposed to formaldehyde levels above ____

100 ppm

the amount of arterial fluid necessary to make one gallon of solution at 2% strength using a 20 index fluid is ____

12.8 oz

what index fluid must you use to have 2 gallons of diluted fluid with a strength of 1% if you use 16 oz of concentrated fluid?

16

thr point of entry for the trocar when aspirating the cavities is 2 inches ____ and 2 inches to the ____ of the umbilicus

2 inches above and 2 inches to the left

how much 16 index fluid will it take to make 2 gallons of 1.5% solution?

24 oz

what are the first products of decomposition?

Amino acids

if the solute is 28 index and you wish the solution to be 3 gallons of 3%, how many ounces of the solute will you need?

41.1 ounces

If you used 2 bottles of arterial fluid to make 3 1/2 gallons of a 3% solution, what would the index of the arterial fluid be?

42 index

optimum temperature to promote decomposition

99° F

the linear guide for the radial artery is from the ____

center of the antecubital fossa to the center of the base of the index finger

the linear guide for the axillary artery is from the ____

center of the axillary space parallel to the long axis of the upper extremity

the linear guide for the brachial artery is from the ____

center of the base of the axillary space to the center of the inner bend of the elbow

the linear guide for the femoral artery is from the ____

center of the inguinal ligament to the center of the medial condyle of the femur

the linear guide for the political artery is from the ____

center of the popliteal space parallel to the long axis of the lower extremity

carbon monoxide poisoning results in a ____ discoloration

cherry red

who created embalming without evisceration?

clauderus

the action of CH²O (formaldehyde) on protein is termed ____

coagulation

the action of formaldehyde on protein is ____

coagulation

death beginning at the brain

coma

the anatomical guide for the ____ artery is along the medial border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle

common carotid

the procedure of disinfection that takes place during the embalming process would most correctly apply to which of the following? a. terminal disinfection b. primary disinfection c. concurrent disinfection

concurrent disinfection

which method of injection and drainage is reccomended for use in embalming cases which exhibit vascular disorders?

concurrent method

the anatomical guide for the axillary artery is at the medial border of the ____

coracobrachialis muscle

the external cover of arteries are ____ in color

cream

the femoral vein lies ____ and ____ to the femoral artery

deep and medial

the inferior vena cava is the vein which accompanies the ____

descending aorta

the passage of arterial solution from the capillaries into the intercellular spaces is referred to as ____

diffusion

what type of cavity treatment involves the making of an incision from the xiphoid process of the sternum to the pubic symphysis of the pelvic girdle?

direct incision

what is a reliable sign of fluid distribution?

distention of superficial vessels

from the center of the anterior surface of the ankle joint to a point between the first and second toe is the linear guide for the ____

dorsalis pedis artery

Subcutaneous stitch which requires using a suturing needle on each end of the ligature with the suturing needles being crossed from side to side on each stitch

double intradermal stitch

suture that I'd made the same as the single intradermal suture except that the stitch penetrates through the skin

draw stitch

in which of the following cases will decomposition develop most rapidly? a. emaciated b. edematous c. febrile d. stillborn infant

edematous

the opthalmoscope test is an ____ test for death

expert

the ____ artery changes its name to femoral and is used in the Embalming of an autopsied body

external iliac

through the center of the femoral triangle bordered laterally by the sartorius muscle and medially by the adductor longus muscle, is the anatomical guide for the ____ artery

femoral

complete cellular death almost always ____ somatic death

follows

lung purge is described as ____ in color

frothy white

the arterial injection of a jaundice case either Normal arterial fluid will likely cause which color discoloration?

green

swelling is common in cases of death by ___

gunshot wounds to the head

a method of obtaining pressure for the injection of arterial fluid is:

hand pump

which of the following is an antemortem extravascular blood discoloration? a. hematoma b. postmortem stain c. Livor mortis d. carbon monoxide discoloration

hematoma

the swelling and rupturing of red blood cells

hemolysis

Livor mortis is synonymous with ____

Cadaveric Lividity

created formaldehyde

hofmann

chemical additives that act as moisture retainers in the tissues are called ____

humectants

which of the following is NOT a method of obtaining pressure for injection of arterial fluid? a. hand pump b. gravity percolator c. hydroaspirator d. pressure machine

hydroaspirator

according to the 9 region plan, what abdominal region is superior and lateral to the umbilical region?

hypochondriac

in the nine region plan, which region of the abdominal pelvic cavity is located immediately inferior to the umbilical region?

hypogastric

when embalming a body which has infectious disease, cavity treatment should begin when?

immediately after arterial injection is complete

who established a method of embalming without evisceration?

Clauderus

the father of embalming

Dr. Frederick Ruysch

the "father of embalming in the US"

Dr. Thomas Holmes

an influential person in medical embalming who discovered the circulation of blood in 1628

Dr. William Harvey

the individual who is credited with the discovery of the circulation of blood

Dr. William Harvey

who made embalming available to the public?

Gannal

the first people believed to have practiced cremation were the ____

Greeks

who advocated for creosote as a disinfectant?

Harlan

the settling of blood to dependent parts of the body is known as ____

Hypostasis

dyes used in arterial fluid which color the fluid in the bottle but impart no color to the body tissues

inactive dyes

is the ligature test an expert or inexpert test for death?

inexpert

the ammonia injection test is an ____ test for death

inexpert

pressure machines are used for

injection

hand pumps are used for ____

injection and aspiration

continuous injection of arterial solution with drainage taken at intervals

intermittent

the method of drainage in relation to injection in which injection is continued and drainage is taken at intervals is the ____ method

intermittent

which vein is considered to be the companion of the common carotid artery?

internal jugular vein

which of these suture patterns are best suited for exposed skin? a. baseball b. whip c. intradermal d. purse string

intradermal

corpulence is an ____ factor

intrinsic

an influential person in medical embalming who was the first to make embalming available to the public

Jean Gannal

the individual for whom "hunters canal" is named

John Hunter

created hunters canal

John hunter

Father of Bacteriology

Leeuwenhoek

the father of histology

Marcello Malpighi

who was the first to note capillary circulation?

Marcello Malpighi

improper positioning of the head on the headrest may interfere with drainage from the ____

jugular vein

the subclavian artery terminates at the

lateral border of the 1st rib

which artery begins at the level of the 2nd costal cartilage?

left common carotid

If injecting an infant case by way of the heart, which chamber of the heart is considered most appropriate to insert the arterial tube for the best results?

left ventricle

Capillary rupturing can often be seen in cases of death from ____

leukemia

in the normal case, the first organ to decompose is the ____

lining of the trachea and larynx

stitch that is used by passing the ligature through both sides of the incision from the outside with the stitch being locked by looping the ligature

lock stitch

the axillary artery terminates at the

lower border of the teres major muscle

according to the none region plan, which region of the abdominal pelvic cavity is located just laterally of the umbilical region?

lumbar

what is the purpose of quaternary ammonium compounds in embalming fluids?

They act as supplementary germicides

father of American embalming

Thomas Holmes

Discovered the circulation of blood

William harvey

the femoral artery is bordered medially by the ____ muscle

adductor longus

the femoral artery originates at a point behind the center of the inguinal ligament and terminates at the opening in the ____ muscle

adductor magnus

when treating blisters, you remove loose internment ____ embalming

after

the post mortem loss of body heat

algor mortis

which of the following is a prescribed method for securing the calvarium in place? a. cements b. calvarium needle c. needle injector d. all of the above

all of the above

which of the following is classified as a malformation or deformity? a. tumors b. paralytic conditions c. mutilations d. all of the above

all of the above

the method of drainage in relation to injection in which an amount of arterial fluid is infected and then drainage is allowed to flow for a period of time, each one separately is the ____ method

alternate

which of the following does NOT favor dehydration? a. anasarca b. hemorrhage c. pulmonary tuberculosis d. typhoid fever

anasarca

the brachial artery terminates just below the

antecubital fossa

what type of blood discoloration is hypostatic capillary congestion?

antemortem intravascular blood discoloration

what type of discoloration is icterus?

antemortem pathological discoloration

the ____ artery courses along the lateral margin of the crest of the tibia, passes through the center of the anterior surface of the ankle joint, and becomes the dorsalis pedis artery

anterior tibial

which artery extends from the lateral border of the patella to the anterior surface of the ankle?

anterior tibial

from the lateral border of the patella to the anterior surface of the ankle joint is the linear guide for the ____

anterior tibial artery

the left common carotid artery originates from the ____

aortic arch

edema in the abdominal cavity

ascites

just behind the medial border of the coracobrachialis muscle is the anatomical guide for the ____ artery

axillary

stitch that is made from beneath, up through the skin, and the needle is crossed from side to side with each stitch

baseball stitch

which suture begins by placing the point of the needle within the incision and then up through the skin passing from one side of the incision to the other side with each stitch?

baseball stitch

the anatomical guide for the ____ artery is posterior to the medial border of the belly of the biceps brachii muscle

brachial

the right common carotid artery originates from the

brachiocephalic artery

the first body compounds to decompose are the ____

carbohydrates

which of these is an example of an intravascular antemortem blood discoloration? a. cadaveric lividity b. carbon monoxide poisoning c. petechie d. ecchymosis

carbon monoxide poisoning

directing the point of the trocar toward a point 1/4th of the distance from the right anterior superior iliac spine to the pubic symphysis is the trocar guide for the

cecum/appendix

who discovered capillary circulation

malphigi

what method of mouth closure would be used to secure the mouth of a body that has dentures but also has serious gum disease?

mandibular suture

which muscle is injected with a hypodermic injection of cavity fluid to facilitate mouth closure?

masseter

the method of mouth closure which employs wires attached to small tacks which are inserted into the upper and lower jaws

needle injector

the passage of solvent through a semi-permeable membrane from a dilute into a concentrated solution is ____

osmosis

which of the following conditions would predispose a dead human body to rapid decomposition? a. refrigeration b. dehydration c. peritonitis d. hemorrhage

peritonitis

which of the following is NOT a component of hardening compounds? a. paraformaldehyde b. phenol c. wood powder d. alum

phenol

the ____ artery which originates at the opening in the adductor magnus muscle, terminates at the inferior border of the popliteous muscle

popliteal

livor mortis is a _____ _____ blood discoloration

post mortem intravascular

from the center of the popliteal space to a point midway between the medial malleolus and the calcaneus bone is the linear guide for the ____

posterior tibial artery

what type of blood discoloration is cadaveric lividity

postmortem intravascular blood discoloration

what type of anticoagulant will break clots up by causing the mineral particles of the blood to fall out of suspension?

precipitants

the science of treating the body chemically so as to temporarily inhibit decomposition is called ____

preservation

chemicals which inactivate saprophytic bacteria and alter tissues as to render them less susceptible to decomposition are ____

preservatives

the passage of arterial solution through the capillary wall, caused by positive intravascular pressure, is called ____

pressure filtration

what muscle acts as the anatomical guide for the external iliac artery?

psoas major

the color of cadaveric lividity

purple

what suture is used to close a trocar puncture?

purse-string

the anatomical guide for the ____ artery is just lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpi radialis muscle

radial

what color is imparted to the body by radium treatments?

red

limited drainage of pale sticky liquid can be seen in cases involving ____

refrigeration

The whip stitch is also known as the ____

roll stitch

the father of embalming

ruysch

in the femoral triangle, the femoral artery is bordered laterally by the ____ muscle

sartorius

Death beginning by failure of one of the vital organs of the body is

somatic death

the right common carotid artery begins at the level of the ____

sternoclavicular articulation

the linear guide for the common carotid artery is from the ____ to the ____

sternoclavicular articulation to the anterior surface of the lobe of the ear

directing the trocar point toward the intersection of the 5th and 6th intercontinental space and the left mid-axillary line is the trocar guide for the ____

stomach

the right ____ artery is shorter than the left one due to its origin

subclavian

which blood vessel is the origin of the axillary artery?

subclavian

the axillary artery originates from the ____

subclavian artery

the common carotid arteries terminate at the level of the ____

superior border of the thyroid cartilage

which blood vessel of the heart is NOT suitable for injection of arterial fluids into a small infant?

superior vena cava

which incision is located along the superior border of the medial one-third of the clavicle?

supraclavicular incision

the component of arterial fluid which is designated to decrease the molecular cohesion at the surface of a liquid is a ____

surfactant

where should the point of the trocar be directed to across the heart when the handle of the trocar is aligned with the left anterior superior iliac spine?

the lobe of the right ear

during embalming, the head should be tilted to the ____ approximately ____ degrees

tilted to the right approximately 15 degrees

what is the prescribed incision for a sclerotic blood vessel?

triangular wedge

A long hollow needle like tube that is used to draw out the contents of the cavities and hollow organs of the body

trocar

on the surface of the forearm from the center of the antecubital fossa to a point between the fourth and fifth fingers is the linear guide for the ____

ulnar artery

what procedure may be used to return the body of an emaciated case to normal contour and moisture content?

use restricted drainage

hydroaspirators create a ____

vacuum

varicose veins is a condition also known as ____

varices

in cases where death is accompanied by high fever, drainage is an issue because the blood has an increased ____

viscosity

which of these sutures is NOT suited for closing an incision on an exposed area of the body? a. single intradermal stitch b. subcutaneous stitch c. whip stitch / roll stitch d. double intradermal stitch

whip or roll stitch

the color of a nerve

white

the pattern of this suture is the same as that of the single intradermal except that the stitches are made parallel to the incision

worm stitch

which suture patterns is used to turn under the excess margins of the skin in an incision?

worm stitch

which type of suture is described as a reccomended hidden stitch for cranial autopsies?

worm stitch

the initial color change of decomposing tissue is

yellow-green