emergency care: Cardiac emergencies, CPR, and AED

A 7-year-old patient goes into sudden cardiac arrest. You initiate CPR and correctly perform chest compressions at which rate? -At least 60 compressions per minute -80 to 100 compressions per minute -100 to 120 compressions per minute -Over 120 compressions per minute

100 to 120 compressions per minute

You and your colleagues are performing CPR on a 6-year-old child. What is the compression-to-ventilation ratio during multiple-provider CPR? -15:2 -30:2 -15:1 -30:1

15:2

A well-organized team response when performing high-quality CPR includes ensuring that providers switch off performing compressions every _____ minutes. -2 -4 -5 -10

2

Upon entering a patient's room, you find him on the ground, unresponsive. After immediately initiating the emergency response system, what is the next action in the Adult Cardiac Chain of Survival? -Early defibrillation -Early CPR -Injury prevention and safety -Integrated post-cardiac arrest care.

Early CPR

An automated external defibrillator (AED) indicates "No Shock Advised." Which of the following is most appropriate to do next? -Monitor the victim's airway and breathing. -Turn the AED off for 5 seconds and try again. -Readjust the pad placement. -Perform CPR for about 2 minutes.

Perform CPR for about 2 minutes.

When using an Automated External Defibrillator (AED), which of the following should you do immediately after attaching the AED pads to the victim's chest? -Turn on the AED. -Push the Analyze button. -Wipe the victim's chest dry. -Tell everyone to "Stand Clear"

Tell everyone to "Stand Clear"

You are providing care for a patient who has an endotracheal tube in place. How does this affect compressions and ventilations? -The team should provide compressions and ventilations at a ratio of 15:1. -The team should provide compressions and ventilations at a ratio of 30:2. -The team should provide ventilations at a rate of 1 ventilation every 10 seconds without pausing compressions. -The team should provide ventilations at a rate of 1 ventilation every 6 seconds without pausing compressions.

The team should provide ventilations at a rate of 1 ventilation every 6 seconds without pausing compressions.

Basketball is by far the highest-risk sport for incidents of sudden cardiac death. -True -False

True

You are providing high-quality CPR on a 6-year-old patient who weighs 44 pounds. The AED arrives. It does not have a pediatric setting and includes only adult AED pads. What should you do? -Do not use the AED until child pads are available. -Use adult pads but cut them to make them smaller. -Use only one adult AED pad. -Use the adult AED pads.

Use the adult AED pads.

When you suspect a patient is having a heart attack, there are 2 medications that are indicated to give immediately. The medication indicated to use to thin the blood is [a] and the medication used to dilate the coronary arteries is [b]. -aspirin -nitroglycerin

[a] aspirin [b]- nitroglycerin

You are alone performing high-quality CPR when a second provider arrives to take over compressions. When switching roles, you should minimize interruptions in chest compressions to less than how many seconds? -5 seconds -10 seconds -15 seconds -20 seconds

10 seconds

You are working in an medical office when your patient suddenly goes into cardiac arrest. While preparing the AED, your colleague reminds you that patient is 28 weeks pregnant. Which statement is true regarding the use of an AED on a pregnant patient? -AED use is contraindicated in pregnant patients. -AED use is not safe for pregnant patients during the third trimester. -AED settings should be adjusted to pediatric doses in pregnant patients. -AED use is safe for pregnant patients.

AED use is safe for pregnant patients.

You are providing compressions on a 6-month-old who weighs 17 pounds. Which compression depth is appropriate for this patient? -About 1/2 inch -About 1 inch. -About 1 1/2 inches -About 2 inches.

About 1 1/2 inches

A patient presents to his HCP with pink frothy sputum. This patient most likely has which of the following? -Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy -Acute myocardial infarction -Myocarditis -Marfan syndrome

Acute myocardial infarction

You and another provider are caring for a patient who is in cardiac arrest. You suspect that your patient has overdosed on an opioid. When should you administer intranasal naloxone? -After initiating CPR -After an opioid overdose has been confirmed -After an IV has been initiated -Before initiating CPR

After initiating CPR

When cardiac arrest occurs in children, it commonly results from which of the following? -Airway and breathing problems -Coronary artery disease -Myocardial infarction -Stroke

Airway and breathing problems

Full chest recoil is necessary for a successful resuscitation as it: -Allows blood to flow back into the heart between compressions -Allows the person doing compressions to conserve energy. -Increases intrathoracic pressure and increases coronary blood flow. -Gives blood in the lungs time to exchange CO2 and oxygen.

Allows blood to flow back into the heart between compressions

You are about to apply the AED pads to a victim's chest when you notice the victim has several body piercing and jewelry on their chest. Which of the following should you do? -Apply the pads to the chest, making sure to avoid the jewelry. -Remove the jewelry before applying the pads. -Use only 1 pad and apply it directly over the jewelry. -Wipe the chest, including the jewelry, with alcohol.

Apply the pads to the chest, making sure to avoid the jewelry.

You are about to apply AED pads to a patient's chest when you notice that a patient has an implanted defibrillator. Which of the following should you do? -Place 1 pad in the center of the chest and one pad in the middle of the back. -Apply the pads as you normally would. -Avoid placing the pads directly over the defibrillator. -There is no need to use the AED, because the patient has an implantable defibrillator.

Avoid placing the pads directly over the defibrillator.

You are performing CPR when a second (equally trained) rescuer arrives. Which of the following is most appropriate for the 2nd rescuer to do first? -Begin giving ventilations. -Check to see whether more advanced medical personnel have been called. -Call for a change in position to assist with CPR. -Have the first rescuer stop CPR to allow reassessment of vitals

Check to see whether more advanced medical personnel have been called.

You are alone caring for a 4-month-old infant who has gone into cardiac arrest. Which is the most effective CPR technique to perform until help arrives? -Standing to the side of the infant, provide chest compressions using the one-hand technique and deliver ventilations with a pocket mask or face shield. -Standing to the side of the infant, provide hands-only CPR. -Standing to the side of the infant, provide chest compressions using the two-finger technique and deliver ventilations with a pocket mask or face shield. -Standing at the infant's feet, provide chest compressions using the encircling thumbs technique and deliver ventilations with a BVM.

Standing to the side of the infant, provide chest compressions using the two-finger technique and deliver ventilations with a pocket mask or face shield.

You and your colleagues have been providing high-quality CPR for and using the AED on a patient in cardiac arrest. While providing ventilations, you notice movement and the patient appears to be breathing. What is the correct course of action? -Wait for the AED to analyze his heart rhythm and follow the AED prompts. -Stop CPR and perform a shout-tap-shout sequence to check for responsiveness. -Stop CPR, check for breathing and a pulse and monitor Mr. Sauer until the advanced cardiac life support team takes over. -Continue CPR until the advanced cardiac life support team takes over.

Stop CPR, check for breathing and a pulse and monitor Mr. Sauer until the advanced cardiac life support team takes over.

While performing CPR on an adult, a second trained rescuer arrives with an AED. What should you do? -Stop CPR and rest while the second responder turns on the AED and applies the pads. -Continue CPR until you have completed 5 cycles of 30 compressions and 2 ventilations (approximately 2 minutes), then apply the AED. -Stop CPR and assist the second responder with the AED pad placement. -Continue CPR while the second responder turns on the AED and applies the pad.

Continue CPR while the second responder turns on the AED and applies the pad.

How should you place your hands when giving chest compressions to an infant during CPR with 2 trained responders? -Encircling thumbs technique with thumbs on nipple line. -Two fingers on the breastbone on the nipple line. -Two fingers on the breastbone just below the nipple line. -Encircling thumbs technique with thumbs just below the nipple line.

Encircling thumbs technique with thumbs just below the nipple line.

You are providing care to a victim who you suspect is having a heart attack. Which of the following should you do first? -Provide comfort to the vicitm. -Loosen any tight clothing. -Summon more advanced medical personnel. -Monitor the victim's appearance.

Summon more advanced medical personnel.

Which of the following is the most common heart rhythm associated with sudden cardiac arrest? -Ventricular fibrillation (V-Fib) -Ventricular tachycardia (V-tach) -Atrial fibrillation -Sinus rhythm

Ventricular fibrillation (V-Fib)