Emergency Nursing 3.0: Pediatric Nursing Part II

In an infant who may have a urinary tract infection, which procedure is recommended for obtaining a urine specimen for culture and sensitivity testing?

Catheterize the patient.

Which disorder is characterized by a rash in different stages, which can all be present at the same time?

Chickenpox (varicella)

In a pediatric patient with sickle cell disease, which intervention is appropriate for managing acute pain during an abrupt onset of vaso-occlusive crisis?

Expect to administer opioid analgesics.

For a pediatric patient with vomiting, diarrhea, and a crampy feeling in the abdomen, which disorder should you suspect?

Gastroenteritis

Caregivers bring an infant to the emergency department because of a sudden onset of excessive crying. They report noticing redness of the third toe. Which disorder is the most likely cause of these findings?

Hair tourniquet

For a pediatric patient with Kawasaki disease, which drug treatment is indicated?

High-dose aspirin

What is the incubation period for chickenpox (varicella)?

10-20 days

Which crystalloid solution and amount is used to treat moderate to severe dehydration?

20 mL/kg of normal saline solution

For adequate oral rehydration of a pediatric patient with gastroenteritis, the nurse should replace the calculated fluid deficit over what period of time?

4 to 6 hours

In an infant with a hernia, which finding should you expect?

A bulge that enlarges when the infant cries or defecates

A pediatric patient presents with a fever, headache, rash, petechiae, and purpuric lesions. Which disorder should the nurse suspect?

Meningococcemia

On inspection of a pediatric patient's skin, you observe a single lesion that is erythematous, firm, warm, and painful but has no drainage. These are signs of which disorder?

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection

For a pediatric patient with abdominal pain, which intervention should you perform as the priority?

Obtain the patient's weight.

For a pediatric patient with a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection, which discharge instruction should you provide for the patient and caregivers?

Teach the patient and caregivers not to share soap or personal bathing items, such as bath sponges or soap bars.

A pediatric patient with a history of sickle cell disease presents to the emergency department with wheezing, tachypnea, and shortness of breath. Which complication of sickle cell disease may this patient be experiencing?

Acute chest syndrome

Which presentation is most suggestive of pyloric stenosis?

An infant, age 3 weeks, with projectile, nonbilious vomiting after feeding

A pediatric patient presents with fever, vomiting, and abdominal pain that has moved from the periumbilical region to the right lower quadrant. You should suspect that the patient is experiencing which disorder?

Appendicitis

Which strategy promotes a successful family presence during invasive procedures and resuscitation?

Assign a team member to stay with the family.

Which procedure should you expect the physician to order for a pediatric patient whose working diagnosis is intussusception?

Barium enema

Which finding is a late sign of meningitis in an infant?

Bulging fontanelle

In a urine dipstick test, which result indicates a urinary tract infection?

Detection of nitrates

Which statement best describes the lesions of chickenpox (varicella)?

Different stages of lesions—papules, vesicles, pustules, and crusting—occur simultaneously.

Which precautions are required when caring for a pediatric patient with meningococcemia?

Droplet

When a pediatric patient has measles, which instruction should you give the patient's caregiver?

Encourage the patient to rest.

An infant, age 4 weeks, presents with projectile nonbilious vomiting. Which intervention is indicated for this patient?

Insert a gastric tube.

Which disorder is likely to cause currant-jelly stools?

Intussusception

Which disorder is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in pediatric patients?

Kawasaki disease

Which assessment finding should you expect in a pediatric patient with testicular torsion?

Loss of the cremasteric reflex

Hypochloremic metabolic acidosis is a complication of which disorder?

Pyloric Stenosis

Which laboratory test results confirm a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?

Serum glucose level of 400 mg/dL, serum bicarbonate level of 12 mEq/dL, and a pH of 7.25

For which disorder should you expect to administer blood transfusions?

Splenic sequestration

What are the three major crises of sickle cell disease?

Vaso-occlusive, aplastic, and sequestration

When caring for a pediatric patient with diabetic ketoacidosis, at what point should you administer a dextrose-containing fluid?

When the blood glucose level is about 250 mg/dL

In a pediatric patient, cellulitis in which location is the most serious?

orbital area

For a patient with testicular torsion that occurred 5 hours ago, which intervention is the priority?

prep for immediate surgery