EMR -Chapters 1 through 27 FDLTCC 2020

Which of the following questions would be MOST helpful when evaluating a patient with chest pain?

"What were you doing when the pain started?"

The maximum service pressure of an oxygen cylinder is:

2,000 psi

Which of the following represents a symptom?

Abdominal pain

Reasons for accurate and complete patient care reports are:

All of the above

Upon your arrival, you find the patient is unresponsive. How would you obtain a medical history on this patient?

All of the above

Which patient population may present with abnormal signs and symptoms of heart attack?

All of the above

A 5-year old male was found pulseless and apneic, submerged in very cold water. CPR has been in progress for 20 minutes. The Emergency Medical Responder recognizes that:

CPR should be continued, as patients submerged in cold water often have a good change of being resuscitated.

Which of the following is a standardized test to evaluate a conscious patient for a possible stroke?

Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale

Which of the following best describes the difference in onset of hypoglycemia versus hyperglycemia?

Hypoglycemia has a rapid onset, while hyperglycemia has a slow onset.

Your patient, in whom you have inserted an oropharyngeal airway, is beginning to regain consciousness and develops a gag reflex, Which of the following is the proper way to respond:

Immediately remove the airway adjunct.

Which of the following statements about angina pectoris and myocardial infarction is most correct?

In angina pectoris, chest pain resolves within a few minutes; in myocardial infarction the pain does not resolve.

You are asked to give testimony in court about the care you gave to a patient. The attorney may ask you about items in your run report because the report:

Is a legal document

A 47-year old male is walking across the street when he was struck by an oncoming car. You find him conscious and alert. Your partner has taken spinal restriction, and you ensure that he has no compromise to the airway or circulation. He complains of abdominal pain, back pain and pain in his left leg. You explain that the ambulance is on the way, and you begin a more detail exam. The patient indicates considerable pain over the upper outer portion of the left side of the abdomen. You describe this pain as being in the __________ of the patient's body.

LUQ

Your patient has snoring respirations but gags when you insert an oropharyngeal airway. You should:

Measure and insert a nasopharyngeal airway

How do you properly measure an oropharyngeal airway adjunct?

Measure from the corner of the mouth to the tip of the earlobe.

The Emergency Medical Responder acts as a designated agent of the:

Medical Director

The "M" in the SAMPLE mnemonic stands for:

Medications

You are caring for a patient who speaks a different language from yours. As you attempt to check her pulse, she pulls away from you and frowns. This is an example of what type of communication?

Nonverbal communication

In the mnemonic OPQRST, which letter helps to indicate when the pain or discomfort started?

O for onset of pain

"The patient was found sitting at the dining room table conversing with his family." this statement is an example of what kind of information?

Objective

When splinting a forearm injury, which of the following positions is considered the anatomical position?

Palm down with fingers curled around roller gauze

SAMPLE is an acronym to obtain a patient's history. It stands for which of the following?

Signs and symptoms, allergies, medications, past history, last oral intake, events leading to EMS call.

Which of the following best describes the anatomical position?

Standing upright with the palms turned forward

Which of the following medical terms means faster than normal?

Tachy

Which of the following best describes tidal volume?

The amount of air moved into the lungs during one cycle of inhalation and exhalation

Which of the following best describes the purpose of the secondary assessment?

To discover and care for the patient's specific injuries or medical problems

What is the purpose of the primary assessment?

To identify and treat life threats

A child's head is proportionately the largest part of the body. when opening a child's airway, where can you place a towel or rag to assist in maintaining the airway?

Under the shoulders

You arrive on scene of a construction site accident. The patient is lying in a supine position and responds with a groan when you say his name loudly. Which element of AVPU acronym have you assessed?

V

You have to do an emergency move for a patient. What would make you decide to perform this type of move?

You need to get to another patient with life-threatening injuries

You respond to a local college campus for a patient with an altered mental status. You find a male patient sitting in his room, speaking in elaborate sentences that don't seem to make sense. He appears to be talking to himself and states as you enter, "The government is talking to me through an implant in my brain." You suspect that patient is experiencing:

a behavioral emergency

Your patient is breathing six times per minute and is unresponsive. You see an empty pill bottle on the floor that reads "oxycodone." This patient has likely experience:

a drug overdose

You receive a call from a patient with a complaint of shortness of breath, fever, and coughing. In addition to gloves, Emergency Medical Responders recognized that when treating a patient with a cough it may be helpful to wear:

a mask

You and your partner are called to the scene of a motor vehicle accident. Your patient was the unrestrained driver of a vehicle that hit a tree going 55 mph. The Emergency Medical Responder recognizes that this patient has:

a significant mechanism of injury

You respond to a a 67-year old female who has fallen at home. On arrival the patient is conscious and alert, with no respiratory or cardiac compromise. She states she tripped and fell and now has pain in her left hip. She thinks she might have heard a "pop" as she hit the floor. She has her neighbor at her side and says it is all right if you leave, and the neighbor can get her up and to her favorite chair. She's afraid she can't afford the ambulance and the hospital, and she is sure she is just feeling her age. You know that the ambulance is on its way and should arrive soon. The patient requests that you leave, and she tells you that she will get help from her neighbor. You know the ambulance will be there soon, and you consider leaving. If you leave without a signed Release of Care form, it could be considered that you have committed:

abandonment

Muscles that assist in respirations when the diaphragm alone is not able to move enough air are called:

accessory muscles

Gas exchange in the lungs occurs in the:

alveoli

In the lungs, gas exchange occurs in the:

alveoli

Inside the lungs, the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs within the:

alveoli

You are caring for an elderly patient who cannot tell you her name. The patient's son says she is normally alert and fully capable of telling someone who she is. This change in condition is called:

an altered mental status

A partial blockage or spasm of the coronary arteries that limits the supply of oxygenated blood to the heart muscle is known as:

angina pectoris

The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the body through the:

aorta

Vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called:

arteries

A 9-year old boy is having trouble breathing. He has swelling around his lips and eyes and reports that he . . .

assist him in administering his epinephrine auto injector.

If the mechanism of injury indicates possible spinal injures, you should:

assume spinal injures are present even if unseen and continue with emergency care

The disease that affects millions of people in the United States and is characterized by a narrowing of the lower airways, wheezing, and sensitivity to irritants is called:

asthma

When taking the initial pulse count, a respiration count, and a blood pressure reading, you are obtaining the:

baseline set of vital signs

Before caring for a trauma patient, you don gloves, goggles, and a mask. these standard precautions are called:

body substance isolation

You have been called to attend to a chest pain patient at the local apartment complex. This patient is found on the third floor of the complex. The patient has a history of angina and wants to be transported to the hospital. After assessment and beginning treatment, you and your partner formulate a plan for taking the patient down to the unit. To lift and carry the patient, you and your partner want to use appropriate body mechanics and lifting techniques to prevent any injury to yourselves. All of the following are appropriate techniques for safe moving and lifting EXCEPT:

carrying the weight away from your body

The uppermost section of the spine that provides support for the head and neck is called the:

cerbical spine

Emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and asthma are all considered:

chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases

You respond to a a 67-year old female who has fallen at home. On arrival the patient is conscious and alert, with no respiratory or cardiac compromise. She states she tripped and fell and now has pain in her left hip. She thinks she might have heard a "pop" as she hit the floor. She has her neighbor at her side and says it is all right if you leave, and the neighbor can get her up and to her favorite chair. She's afraid she can't afford the ambulance and the hospital, and she is sure she is just feeling her age. You know that the ambulance is on its way and should arrive soon. You explain to the woman that you feel she may have injured her hip and ask her questions regarding the day, date, and time. You are doing this to decide if the patient is able to make an informed decision or if she is:

competent

When a patient is bleeding severely, the body attempts to maintain perfusion by doing all of the following EXCEPT:

decreasing heart rate

Nitroglycerine is a medication commonly prescribed to patients with angina pectoris. Nitroglycerine helps relieve cardiac chest pain because it:

dilates the blood vessels and reduces the workload of the heart.

Signs of respiratory distress include all of the following except:

distended jugular veins

The appropriate way to make a correction on a patient care report is to:

draw a single line through the error and initial

To be convicted of negligence and Emergency Medical Responder must be guilty of:

duty to act, breach of duty, damages, and cause

Common causes of altered mental status include all of the following EXCEPT:

emphysema

The rule of nines is a tool used to:

estimate the total body surface area affected by burns

Heart failure occurs when the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently. When the heart is unable to manage the blood volume in the circulatory system:

fluids back up in the circulatory system, causing swelling and breathing problems.

All of the following are signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure EXCEPT:

headache

When the regular delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the cell is disrupted, the patient is in a state of:

hypoperfusion or shock

Your patient is a 26-year old known diabetic who was found unconscious by a coworker. You may treat this patient on the basis of:

implied consent

One of the classic signs of moderate to severe respiratory distress is the:

inability to speak in full sentences.

While inspecting your equipment you notice the pressure gauge on your oxygen tank reads 500 psi. You recognize that:

it is time to replace the oxygen tank

The reassessment should include continued assessment of:

mental status, ABCs, and vital signs

The imaginary vertical line that divides the body into right and left halves is the:

midline

When you ask a patient with a musculoskeletal injury to wiggle his fingers or toes, you are assessing:

motor function in the injured extremity

When a blockage of the coronary arteries causes an area of the heart muscle to die from lack of oxygen, it . . .

myocardial infarction

You are treating a 54-year-old male complaining of crushing chest pressure. he states that the pain started about 45 minutes ago and has gotten worse in the last 20 minutes. he also complains of nausea and is pale and sweaty. These signs and symptoms are consistent with:

myocardial infarction

your patient is in severe respiratory distress with labored but adequate breathing. The appropriate oxygen deliver device would be a:

nonrebreather mask

When you write a patient care report, you should be:

objective

When breathing for an adult, you should ventilate at a rate of:

one breath every 5 to 6 seconds

You arrive to the scene of a narcotic overdose. Your patient is a 45-year old male who is unresponsive . . . (open the airway with a head tilt-chin lift)

open the airway with a head tilt-chin lift

Determining blood pressure by feeling is called:

palpation

The most common signs and symptoms of musculoskeletal injuries include:

pan, swelling, discoloration, and deformity

Written documentation of a patient encounter is called a:

patient care report

A patient who is fully alert and oriented will be able to identify:

person, place, time, and event

Normal skin is:

pink, warm, and dry.

You are treating a 7-year old male who was found floating face down in a swimming pool. he is not breathing and has a weak pulse of 80 beats per minute. You should:

provide positive pressure ventilations

Sings of abnormal breathing include all of the following EXCEPT:

regular rise and fall of the chest.

Your patient presents lethargic and confused. she is breathing 6 times per minute with shallow and labored respirations. This patient is experiencing:

respiratory failure

The first priority of an Emergency Medical Responder should be:

scene safety

The failure of the body's systems to provide adequate oxygenated blood to vital organs is called

shock

Your patient has a bradycardic heart rate. In this word, the prefix "brady" means:

slow

A 76-year old male presents confused and unable to lift his left arm. His daughter reports that he has a history of high blood pressure and that he complained of a headache before becoming confused.

stroke

Your patient is unresponsive after a motorcycle accident. You assess the airway and hear gurgling

suction the airway

A young man has fallen from the roof of a three-story building onto a grassy surface. You should:

suspect spinal injury because of the mechanism

Checking skin signs is a way of evaluating a patient's perfusion. Perfusion is best described as:

the delivery of oxygenated blood to the cells and tissues.

You read a patient care report that states that the "patient was attempting to perform a dangerous trick on her skateboard." What is wrong with writing this in a patient care report?

the information is subjective

You should assist in administering oral glucose to a hypoglycemic patient only if:

the patient can assist in the process and swallow.

A thorough medical history can provide all of the following EXCEPT:

the patient's insurance status

When questioning a patient, the chief complaint is:

the reason the patient called 911, in her own words

The best source for specific information related to the care and treatment of a patient who has been poisoned . . .

the regional poison control center

A 53-year old male patient has cut his leg with a chain saw. His airway is patent, he is breathing 18 times per minute with good tidal volume, and supplemental oxygen has been applied. Bleeding has been controlled with a tourniquet and the patient is pale, diaphoretic, and anxious. You should:

treat the patient for shock

The bag-valve mask works best when you have _________ Emergency Medical Responders.

two

When ventilating a patient with a bag-mask device, squeeze the bag:

until the chest rises

You have been called to attend to a chest pain patient at the local apartment complex. This patient is found on the third floor of the complex. The patient as a history of angina and wants to be transported to the hospital. After assessment and beginning treatment, you and your partner formulate a plan for taking the patient down to the unit. The angina patient states that he will walk down two flights of stairs to your vehicle. You know that walking may be harmful for the patient's condition. Your training has told you that the best way to carry the patient down the stairs is to:

use the stair chair

Your adult patient has fallen from a 12-foot height and is unresponsive. You should open his airway by:

using a jaw-thrust maneuver