EMR Final

Which of the following questions would be MOST helpful when evaluating a patient with chest pain?

"What were you doing when the pain started?"

The maximum service pressure of an oxygen cylinder is:

2,000 psi

Which of the following represents a symptom?

Abdominal pain

Which of the following is a standardized test used to evaluate a conscious patient for a possible stroke?

Cincinnati Prehospital Stoke Scale

At what point do you begin CPR on a newborn?

Heart rate is at 60 beats per minute; breathing is inadequate

Which of the following best describes the difference in onset of hypoglycemia versus hyperglycemia?

Hypoglycemia has a rapid onset, while hyperglycemia has a slow onset.

Which of the following statements about angina pectoris and myocardial infarction is most correct?

In angina pectoris, chest pain resolves within a few minutes; in myocardial infarction the pain does not resolve.

The patient indicates considerable pain over the upper, outer portion of the left side of the abdomen. You describe this pain as being in the __________ of the patient's body.

LUQ Left Upper Quadrant

How do you properly measure an oropharyngeal airway adjunct?

Measure from the corner of the mouth to the tip of the earlobe

Why is it important to allow the mother to nurse after a normal delivery?

Nursing stimulates contraction of the uterus after a normal delivery

In the mnemonic OPQRST, which letter helps to indicate when the pain or discomfort started?

O for onset of pain

SAMPLE is an acronym to obtain a patient's history. It stands for which of the following?

Signs and symptoms, allergies, medications, past history, last oral intake, events leading to EMS call.

Which of the following best describes tidal volume?

The amount of air moved into the lungs during one cycle of inhalation and exhalation

What is the purpose of the primary assessment?

To identify and treat life threats

You arrive on scene of a construction site accident. The patient is lying in a supine position and responds with a groan when you say his name loudly. Which element of AVPU acronym have you assessed?

V- Verbal

You respond to a local college campus for a patient with an altered mental status. You find a male patient sitting in his room, speaking in elaborate sentences that don't seem to make sense. He appears to be talking to himself and states as you enter, "The government is talking to me through an implant in my brain." You suspect that the patient is experiencing:

a behavioral emergency

Your patient is breathing six times per minute and is unresponsive. You see an empty pill bottle on the floor that reads "oxycodone." This patient has likely experience:

a drug overdose

In addition to gloves, Emergency Medical Responders recognized that when treating a patient with a cough it may be helpful to wear:

a mask

You and your partner are called to the scene of a motor vehicle accident. Your patient was the unrestrained driver of a vehicle that hit a tree going 55 mph. The Emergency Medical Responder recognizes that this patient has:

a significant mechanism of injury

The patient requests that you leave, and she tells you that she will get help from her neighbor. You know the ambulance will be there soon, and you consider leaving. What term best describes leaving the patient without obtaining a signed Refusal of Care Form:

abandonment

Muscles that assist in respirations when the diaphragm alone is not able to move enough air are called:

accessory muscles

Gas exchange in the lungs occurs in the:

alveoli

In the lungs, gas exchange occurs in the:

alveoli

Inside the lungs, the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs within the:

alveoli

You are caring for an elderly patient who cannot tell you her name. The patient's son says she is normally alert and fully capable of telling someone who she is. This change in condition is called:

an altered mental status

A multiple-casualty incident (MCI) is:

an incident that overwhelms first responding units

An open pneumothorax, also described as a sucking chest would, is treated with:

an occlusive dressing

A partial blockage or spasm of the coronary arteries that limits the supply of oxygenated blood to the heart muscle is known as:

angina pectoris

The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the body through the:

aorta

Vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called:

arteries

An 83-year old female has a rapid and irregular heart rate. She knows her name and were she is but asks repetitive questions. To best evaluate her baseline mental status, you should:

ask a family member if the repetitive questioning is normal for the patient

Upon your arrival, you find the patient is unresponsive. How would you obtain a medical history on this patient?

ask first responders on the scene, ask family and friends on the scene, or check the patient for a medical alert necklace or bracelet

A 9-year old boy is having trouble breathing. He has swelling around his lips and eyes and reports that he has a peanut allergy. You should:

assist him in administering his epinephrine auto injector

The disease that affects millions of people in the United States and is characterized by a narrowing of the lower airways, wheezing, and sensitivity to irritants is called;

asthma

When taking the initial pulse count, a respiration count, and a blood pressure reading, you are obtaining the:

baseline set of vital signs

To lift and carry the patient, you and your partner want to use appropriate body mechanics and lifting techniques to prevent any injury to yourselves. All of the following are appropriate techniques for safe moving and lifting EXCEPT:

carrying the weight away from your body

The uppermost section of the spine that provides support for the head and neck is called the:

cervical spine

Emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and asthma are all considered:

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

You explain to the woman that you feel she may have injured her hip and ask her questions regarding the day, date, and time. You are doing this to decide if the patient is able to make an informed decision, also described as:

competent

When a patient is bleeding severely, the body attempts to maintain perfusion by doing all of the following EXCEPT:

decreasing heart heart

Nytroglycerine is a medication commonly prescribed to patients with angina pectoris. Nitroglycerine helps relieve cardiac chest pain because it:

dilates the blood vessels and reduces the workload of the heart

Signs of respiratory distress include all of the following except:

distended jugular veins

The appropriate way to make a correction on a patient care report is to:

draw a single line through the error and initial

When operating an emergency vehicle, you must always show ____________ for safety of everyone on the road.

due regard

To be convicted of negligence, the Emergency Medical Responder must be found guilty of these four legal principles:

duty to act, breach of duty, damages, and cause

Reasons for accurate and complete patient care reports are:

education, quality assurance, legal documentation

Which patient population may present with abnormal signs and symptoms of heart attack?

elderly, women, diabetics

Common causes of altered mental status include all of the following EXCEPT:

emphysema

Heart failure occurs when the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently. When the heart is unable to manage the blood volume in the circulatory system:

fluids back up in the circulatory system, causing swelling and breathing problems

All of the following are signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure EXCEPT:

headache

When the regular delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the cell is disrupted, the patient is in a state of:

hypo-perfusion or shock

Your patient, in whom you have inserted an oropharyngeal airway, is beginning to regain consciousness and develops a gag reflex, Which of the following is the proper way to respond:

immediately remove the airway adjunct

Your patient is a 26-year old known diabetic who was found unconscious by a coworker. You may treat this patient on the basis of:

implied consent

One of the classic signs of moderate to severe respiratory distress is the:

inability to speak in full sentences

The system that helps organize personnel, equipment, and communications during an MCI is called:

incident command

You are asked to give testimony in court about the care you gave to a patient. The attorney may ask you about items in your run report because the report:

is a legal document

While inspecting your equipment you notice the pressure gauge on your oxygen tank reads 500 psi. You recognize that:

it is time to replace the oxygen tank

Your patient has snoring respirations but gags when you insert an oropharyngeal airway. You should:

measure and insert a nasopharyngeal airway

The Emergency Medical Responder provides care under the authority of the:

medical director

The M in the SAMPLE mnemonic stand for:

medications

The reassessment of your patient should include continued assessment of:

mental status, ABCs, and vital signs

The imaginary vertical line that divides the body into right and left halves is the:

midline

When a blockage of the coronary arteries causes an area of the heart muscle to die from lack of oxygen, it is called:

myocardial infarction

You are treating a 54-year-old male complaining of crushing chest pressure. He states that the pain started about 45 minutes ago and has gotten worse in the last 20 minutes while resting. he also complains of nausea and is pale and sweaty. These signs and symptoms are consistent with:

myocardial infarction

Your patient is in severe respiratory distress with labored but adequate breathing. The appropriate oxygen deliver device would be a:

nonrebreather mask

You are caring for a patient who speaks a different language from yours. As you attempt to check her pulse, she pulls away from you and frowns. This is an example of what type of communication?

nonverbal communication

"The patient was found sitting at the dining room table conversing with his family." this statement is an example of what kind of information?

objective

When you write a patient care report, you should be:

objective

When providing rescue breaths for an adult, you should ventilate at a rate of:

one breath every 5 to 6 seconds

You arrive to the scene of a narcotic overdose. Your patient is a 45-year old male who is unresponsive with snoring respiration. What should you do first;

open the airway with a head tilt-chin lift

Determining blood pressure by feeling is called:

palpation

Written documentation of a patient encounter is called a:

patient care report

A patient who is fully alert and oriented will be able to identify:

person, place, time, and event

Normal skin is:

pink, warm, and dry

Sings of abnormal breathing include all of the following EXCEPT:

regular rise and fall of the chest

Cardiac arrest in children is most likely caused by:

respiratory compromise

Your patient presents lethargic and confused. She is breathing 6 times per minute with shallow and labored respirations. This patient is experiencing:

respiratory failure

The first priority of an EMR when arriving to a call, should be:

scene safety

The procedures that an Emergency Medical Responder can legally provide as care for a patient are called:

scope of practice

The START system acronym stands for:

simple triage and rapid transport

your patient has a bradycardic heart rate. In this word, the prefix "brady" means:

slow

Which of the following organs is located in the upper left quadrant of the abdominal cavity?

spleen

Which of the following best describes the anatomical position?

standing upright with the palms turned forward

A 76-year old male presents confused and unable to lift his left arm. His daughter reports that he has a history of high blood pressure and that he complained of a headache before becoming confused. This patient is showing signs and symptoms of:

stoke

Your patient is unresponsive after a motorcycle accident. You assess the airway and hear gurgling respirations. You should:

suction the airway

which of the following medical prefixes means faster than normal?

tachy

Crowning is best defined as:

the bulging out of the vagina and exposure of the baby's head

Checking skin signs is a way of evaluating a patient's perfusion. Perfusion is best described as:

the delivery of oxygenated blood to the cells and tissues

You read a patient care report that states that the "patient was attempting to perform a dangerous trick on her skateboard." What is wrong with writing this in a patient care report?

the information is subjective

You should assist in administering oral glucose to a hypoglycemic patient only if:

the patient can assist in the process and swallow

A thorough medical history can provide all of the following EXCEPT:

the patient's insurance status

When questioning a patient, the chief complaint is:

the reason the patient called 911, in her own words

The best source for specific information related to the care and treatment of a patient who has been poisoned is:

the regional poison control center

Which of the following best describes the purpose of the secondary assessment?

to discover and care for the patient's specific injuries or medical problems

The bag-valve mask works best when you have_________Emergency Medical Responders.

two

A child's head is proportionately the largest part of the body. when opening a child's airway, where can you place a towel or rag to assist in maintaining the airway?

under the shoulders

When ventilating a patient with a bag-mask device, squeeze the bag:

until the chest rises

The angina(chest pain) patient states that he will walk down two flights of stairs to the ambulance. You know that walking may be harmful for the patient's condition. Your training has told you that the best way to carry the patient down the stairs is to:

use the stair chair

Your adult patient has fallen from a 12-foot height and is unresponsive. You should open his airway by:

using a jaw-thrust maneuver

You have to do an emergency move of a patient. What would make you decide to perform this type of move?

you need to get to another patient with life-threatening injuries