EMR midterm
Fibrous bands that connect bones to each other are called: A. joints. B. ligaments. C. tendons. D. muscles.
ligaments
Which layer of the skin contains sensory nerves and sweat glands? A. Epidermis B. Subcutaneous layer C. Deep muscle tissue D. Dermis
D. Dermis
Which of the following is not a route by which a poison can enter the body? A. Dilution B. Injection C. Ingestion D. Inhalation
A. Dilution
In order to keep his or her certification current, the EMR must: A. attend continuing education classes. B. meet with the medical director. C. be evaluated by a senior paramedic. D. respond to at least five calls per month.
A. attend continuing education classes.
A chronically ill patient who is experiencing denial: A. often cannot believe what is happening to him or her. B. usually tries to make a deal to avoid the inevitable. C. is typically withdrawn and will not speak to you. D. commonly makes statements such as "Why me?"
A. often cannot believe what is happening to him or her.
All of the following are functions of the skin, except: A. producing sweat when body temperature falls. B. regulating body temperature. C. protecting against harmful substances. D. receiving information from the environment.
A. producing sweat when body temperature falls.
A device that receives a weak radio signal, amplifies that signal, and then rebroadcasts it is called a(n): A. repeater. B. paging system. C. antenna.
A. repeater.
After blood picks up oxygen in the lungs, it: A. returns to the left side of the heart. B. is combined with carbon dioxide. C. is received by the right atrium. D. is eliminated from the body.
A. returns to the left side of the heart.
Expiration occurs when: A. the diaphragm relaxes and moves upward in the chest. B. the chest muscles contract and push air from the chest. C. the chest muscles relax and the diaphragm moves downward. D. air is drawn into the lungs as a result of contraction of the diaphragm.
A. the diaphragm relaxes and moves upward in the chest.
The principle of implied consent assumes that an unconscious patient: A. would wish to receive treatment. B. has a life-threatening condition. C. is at least 18 years of age. D. has a living will on file.
A. would wish to receive treatment.
White blood cells are responsible for: B. circulating all of the cells in the blood. C. devouring disease-causing organisms. D. activating the blood's clotting process.
B. circulating all of the cells in the blood.
The leg consists of the: A. patella and thighbone. B. tibia and fibula. C. pelvic girdle and femur. D. femur, tibia, and fibula.
B. tibia and fibula.
Roles and responsibilities of the EMR include all of the following, except: A. adequately assessing every patient. B. transporting the patient to the hospital. C. ensuring the safety of self and others. D. prompt and safe response to the scene.
B. transporting the patient to the hospital.
If pediatric-sized defibrillation pads and an energy reducer are not available for a child in cardiac arrest, you should: A. not defibrillate until paramedics arrive. B. use adult-sized AED pads. C. continue CPR until EMTs arrive. D. promptly obtain these items.
B. use adult-sized AED pads.
During an incident that may involve electrical hazards, you should: A. have law enforcement turn off the power source. B. wear a helmet with a chin strap and a face shield. C. recall that electricity is usually visible. D. put on rubber gloves and turn the power source off.
B. wear a helmet with a chin strap and a face shield.
The correct compression to ventilation ratio for adult CPR is: A. 5:1. B. 15:2. C. 30:2. D. 30:1.
C. 30:2.
The term "restatement" is defined as: A. asking a person a question and having him or her repeat your question back to you. B. asking a person a question and then asking him or her to rephrase it and repeat it back to you. C. repeating a person's words and thoughts word for word back to the person. D. rephrasing a person's words and thoughts and repeating them back to the person.
D. rephrasing a person's words and thoughts and repeating them back to the person.
Plasma is: A. also called an infection fighter. B. what carries oxygen to the cells. C. contained within blood cells. D. the fluid component of the blood.
D. the fluid component of the blood.
There is no scientific documentation that the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is transmitted via urine, nasal secretions, or sputum, unless: A. the patient has an abnormal blood cell count. B. the rescuer has been immunized against HIV. C. the secretions come into contact with intact skin. D. the secretions contain visible signs of blood.
D. the secretions contain visible signs of blood.
With regard to lifting and moving, good body mechanics includes: A. twisting your body slightly when lifting. B. keeping your feet no less than 3′ (1 m) apart. C. lifting with the strong musculature of your back. D. using your legs and not your back when lifting.
D. using your legs and not your back when lifting.
Which of the following routes occurs when a person is stung by an insect or bitten by a snake? A. Ingestion B. Injection C. Absorption D. Inhalation
Injection
In which of the following situations would the use of a stair chair be ideal? A. A patient with shortness of breath and no history of trauma B. A patient who is unconscious with poor breathing effort C. A patient with trouble breathing following trauma to the chest D. A patient with neck and back pain following a motor vehicle crash
A. A patient with shortness of breath and no history of trauma
Who should give the commands to move a patient with a suspected spinal injury? A. The rescuer at the patient's head B. The rescuer with the most experience C. The rescuer who will bear the most weight
A. The rescuer at the patient's head
Which of the following is not part of the standard precautions recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)? A. Use leather gloves as a barrier against blood and fluids. B. Wash your hands immediately after patient contact. C. Wear a face shield if blood splatter is anticipated. D. Place needles directly in a puncture-proof container.
A. Use leather gloves as a barrier against blood and fluids.
EMS documentation is most accurately defined as: A. a process for verifying your actions on a call using written or computer-based records. B. a written chronological account that includes all of the skills you performed at the scene. C. a direct method of communicating with your patient by writing all questions on paper. D. a quality assurance tool that your medical director can use to determine if you performed appropriately.
A. a process for verifying your actions on a call using written or computer-based records.
You are the first medically trained person to arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle crash. The patient is conscious and is bleeding heavily from a wound on his head. He is still in the vehicle, which has power lines draped across the hood. You should: A. advise the patient to remain still and immediately contact the power company. B. put on rubber gloves and carefully move the power lines away from the car. C. carefully remove the patient from the vehicle without touching any metal. D. ask the patient to crawl out of the vehicle carefully without touching metal.
A. advise the patient to remain still and immediately contact the power company.
A critical incident stress debriefing (CISD) is used to: A. alleviate the stress reactions caused by high-stress incidents. B. investigate potential wrongdoings by the EMS responder. C. identify the exact stressors that resulted in the stress reaction. D. determine whether any errors in patient care occurred.
A. alleviate the stress reactions caused by high-stress incidents.
The most common abandonment scenario occurs when: A. an EMS provider assesses a patient but fails to transport and later learns the patient died. B. an EMR transfers care of a critically injured patient to a certified EMT or paramedic. C. a competent patient refuses treatment at the scene but later dies of a hidden injury or illness.
A. an EMS provider assesses a patient but fails to transport and later learns the patient died.
You are attempting to communicate with a severely depressed man who lives in a small apartment. In addition to you, there are three law enforcement officers and two fire fighters in the apartment. The patient appears anxious and will not answer your questions. You should: A. ask all nonessential personnel to leave the apartment. B. reassure the patient that all of you want to help him. C. ask everyone to leave so that you can be alone with the patient. D. tell the patient that it is all right for him to speak freely.
A. ask all nonessential personnel to leave the apartment.
Before attempting to move any patient, you should: A. assess the patient's weight and know your physical limitations. B. put on a protective back brace to facilitate curvature of your back. C. roll the patient onto his or her side to estimate his or her weight. D. concentrate on what you are doing instead of the other rescuers.
A. assess the patient's weight and know your physical limitations.
Activated charcoal works by: A. binding to the poison. B. facilitating digestion of the poison. C. reversing the effects of the poison. D. causing the patient to vomit.
A. binding to the poison.
The central nervous system is composed of the: A. brain and spinal cord. B. nerve fibers that extend throughout the body. C. spinal cord and its nerve fibers. D. region of the brain that regulates breathing.
A. brain and spinal cord.
In contrast to veins, arteries: A. carry blood away from the heart under high pressure. B. return blood back to the heart under low pressure. C. carry blood away from the heart under low pressure. D. return blood back to the heart under high pressure.
A. carry blood away from the heart under high pressure.
Opioid drugs have a direct negative effect on the: A. central nervous system. B. cardiovascular system. C. respiratory system. D. gastrointestinal system.
A. central nervous system.
Air is inhaled into the lungs when the diaphragm: A. contracts and moves downward in the chest. B. relaxes and moves downward in the chest. C. contracts and moves upward in the chest. D. relaxes and moves upward in the chest.
A. contracts and moves downward in the chest.
A combination of caffeine and alcohol would most likely cause: A. dehydration. B. hyperactivity. C. low blood pressure. D. depression.
A. dehydration.
Functions of the skeletal system include all of the following, except: A. facilitating strength and agility. B. protecting vital structures. C. producing red blood cells. D. supporting the body.
A. facilitating strength and agility.
If you and your partner must remove a patient from a vehicle immediately, you should first: A. have your partner manually support the patient's head. B. request at least two more rescuers for assistance. C. move the patient forward to check the back for injuries. D. place a long backboard under the patient's buttocks.
A. have your partner manually support the patient's head.
Absorption occurs when a poison enters the body through: A. intact skin and spreads through the circulatory system. B. the mouth or nose and is absorbed by the respiratory system. C. an opening in the skin and spreads through the circulatory system. D. the mouth and is absorbed by the digestive system.
A. intact skin and spreads through the circulatory system.
You arrive at an apartment complex where a young woman is experiencing an acute emotional crisis. Law enforcement is present, and the scene is safe. As you enter the patient's apartment, you find her sitting on her couch. She is crying and in obvious emotional distress. You should: A. introduce yourself to the patient and ask her what her name is. B. establish immediate and constant eye contact with the patient. C. ask the patient if she has any thoughts of hurting herself. D. ensure that your physical positioning is higher than that of the patient.
A. introduce yourself to the patient and ask her what her name is.
When responding to a situation involving domestic violence, you should: A. maintain safety for yourself and the patient and be able to perform effective assessment and treatment. B. avoid the use of lights and siren while en route to the scene because this may aggravate the situation. C. gain access to the patient as soon as possible in case he or she has life-threatening injuries. D. not enter the scene until an EMT or paramedic has done so and deemed the scene to be safe.
A. maintain safety for yourself and the patient and be able to perform effective assessment and treatment.
An appropriately sized cervical collar is designed to: A. minimize head and neck movement and prevent further injury. B. completely immobilize the patient's head and neck. C. replace manual stabilization of a patient's head and neck. D. be applied after the patient has been placed onto a backboard.
A. minimize head and neck movement and prevent further injury.
The left ventricle is the most muscular chamber of the heart because it: A. must force blood to all parts of the body. B. receives oxygenated blood from the lungs. C. does not stretch as much as the other chambers. D. requires the least amount of oxygen.
A. must force blood to all parts of the body.
Activated charcoal not be administered to a patient if: A. the patient has ingested a strong acid substance. B. the patient weighs less than 150 lb (68 kg). C. the patient is younger than 16 years. D. the nearest medical facility is a long distance away.
A. the patient has ingested a strong acid substance.
The best person to communicate with a patient who has the potential to become violent is: A. the rescuer with whom the patient seems to have the best rapport. B. a rescuer of the same sex and closest to the patient's age. C. a senior EMT or paramedic when he or she arrives at the scene. D. a law enforcement officer because he or she carries a firearm.
A. the rescuer with whom the patient seems to have the best rapport.
An EMR has a legal duty to act A. while employed by an agency that designates you as an EMR. B. if he or she encounters an emergency scene while not on duty. C. even when outside of his or her response jurisdiction.
A. while employed by an agency that designates you as an EMR.
After a patient experiences cardiac arrest, brain damage begins within: A. 1 to 2 minutes. B. 4 to 6 minutes. C. 6 to 8 minutes. D. 2 to 4 minutes.
B. 4 to 6 minutes.
Plasma constitutes _____ of a patient's total blood volume. A. 70% B. 55% C. 45% D. 20%
B. 55%
What factors are often associated with excited delirium? A. Hypothermia and a history of hypertension B. Drug toxicity and previous mental illness C. Type 1 diabetes and coronary artery disease D. Heatstroke and a recent history of surgery
B. Drug toxicity and previous mental illness
What role does insulin play in the body? A. It draws glucose from the body's cells. B. It aids in the body's use of glucose. C. It breaks down and eliminates glucose. D. It stimulates the liver to make glucose.
B. It aids in the body's use of glucose.
Which of the following infectious diseases would be the least likely to be spread by the airborne droplet route? A. Influenza B. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) C. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) D. Tuberculosis (TB)
B. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Which of the following statements regarding HIV is not correct? A. Blood splashed into the eyes is a significant route of exposure. B. Most people with HIV show symptoms early in their disease. C. HIV is transmitted via direct contact with infected blood. D. There is currently no vaccine to protect rescuers from HIV.
B. Most people with HIV show symptoms early in their disease.
When administering naloxone (Narcan) via the intranasal route, the EMR should: A. ensure that the patient is not breathing first. B. administer a half dose into each nostril. C. give a maximum of 3 mL per nostril. D. position the patient onto his or her side.
B. administer a half dose into each nostril.
An important aspect of caring for a sick or injured child is to: A. recall that most children are uncooperative when they are sick. B. ask a parent to hold the child if the illness or injury permits. C. remove any toys because they will likely distract the child. D. stand over the child to reassure him or her that you can help.
B. ask a parent to hold the child if the illness or injury permits.
If you are unable to withdraw from an unsafe scene, your first action should be to: A. avoid making threatening moves. B. attempt to remain calm. C. tell the patient that you are there to help. D. avoid turning your back on the patient.
B. attempt to remain calm.
The primary function of the digestive system is to: A. prevent harmful substances from being absorbed into the blood. B. break down food into a form that can be carried to the body's cells. C. produce bile for release into the small intestine to help digest fats. D. create waste products that are eliminated from the body via the rectum.
B. break down food into a form that can be carried to the body's cells.
Compared to veins, arteries: A. carry blood back to the heart under low pressure. B. carry blood away from the heart at high pressure. C. are thin-walled and carry blood back to the heart. D. return blood back to the heart and are thick-walled.
B. carry blood away from the heart at high pressure.
The sections of the spinal column, in descending order, are the: A. cervical, thoracic, sacrum, coccyx, and lumbar. B. cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx. C. coccyx, sacrum, lumbar, thoracic, and cervical. D. thoracic, cervical, sacrum, lumbar, and coccyx.
B. cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx.
As part of your ethical responsibilities, you are expected to: A. transport every patient to the closest hospital. B. conform to accepted professional standards of conduct. C. provide patient care as directed by a paramedic. D. review the care provided by all members of the EMS system.
B. conform to accepted professional standards of conduct.
A 44-year-old man shot himself in the head with a small-caliber handgun. Law enforcement personnel are at the scene and have the weapon in their possession. The patient is unconscious and is bleeding heavily from the gunshot wound. His wife, who is also present at the scene, tells you that her husband had been severely depressed after losing his job. You should: A. provide immediate emotional support to the patient's wife and tell her that his suicide attempt is not her fault. B. control the bleeding from the wound and then assess the status of the patient's airway and breathing. C. wait for law enforcement to take pictures of the patient and then open the patient's airway. D. obtain a thorough history of the incident from the patient's wife and then begin treating the patient's injury.
B. control the bleeding from the wound and then assess the status of the patient's airway and breathing.
A 60-year-old man is found sitting in his car alongside the road. There is no apparent damage to his vehicle. Your assessment reveals that the man is in cardiac arrest. You should: A. begin CPR while the patient is still in his car and remove him from the car when additional help arrives. B. grasp the patient under his arms, cradle his head between your arms, and remove him from the vehicle. C. recline the seat completely back, get inside the car, and begin CPR until additional help arrives at the scene. D. grasp the patient by his arms and rapidly drag him from the vehicle while protecting his head and neck as much as possible.
B. grasp the patient under his arms, cradle his head between your arms, and remove him from the vehicle.
Patients who pose the highest risk of transmitting TB usually: A. gain weight. B. have a cough. C. are older adults. D. have a fever.
B. have a cough.
You are at the scene of a shooting. The patient, who is being cared for by paramedics, is unresponsive and has severe bleeding from his injury. In this case, the EMR's most important function is to: A. factually document the care provided to the patient. B. help the paramedics prepare for rapid transport. C. help keep bystanders away from the patient. D. report observations to law enforcement personnel.
B. help the paramedics prepare for rapid transport.
If you are confronted by a person who is armed with a gun, knife, or other weapon, you should: A. ask the patient why he or she would want to harm you. B. immediately attempt to withdraw from the situation.
B. immediately attempt to withdraw from the situation.
All of the following are general recommendations to follow when moving a patient, except: A. explaining to the patient what you are going to do and how. B. moving the patient before treating him or her if the scene is safe. C. moving the patient as few times as possible unless the scene is unsafe.
B. moving the patient before treating him or her if the scene is safe.
Communication with a physician via two-way radio or wireless telephone is an example of: A. standard operating protocol. B. online medical control. C. indirect medical control. D. off-line medical control.
B. online medical control
A 22-year-old woman was stung multiple times by hornets while at a family outing. The patient is semiconscious and has labored breathing. Further assessment reveals that she has a rash on her entire body and a rapid, weak pulse. After correcting problems with airway, breathing, and circulation, you should: A. contact responding paramedics for medical orders. B. prepare the patient for rapid transport to the hospital. C. apply an AED in case the patient develops cardiac arrest. D. apply a tourniquet above the area affected by the stings.
B. prepare the patient for rapid transport to the hospital.
Carbon monoxide negatively affects the body by: A. causing blood to back up into the tissue of the lungs. B. preventing red blood cells from carrying oxygen. C. destroying a large number of circulating white blood cells. D. inducing violent vomiting and causing aspiration.
B. preventing red blood cells from carrying oxygen.
A 37-year-old man tripped on a throw rug and fell to the ground, injuring his shoulder. The man is blind and has a service dog. As you are assessing the patient, he keeps inquiring about his dog. You should: A. speak loudly into the patient's ear to ensure that he heard the questions you are asking him. B. provide psychological support and recognize that the dog and the patient depend on each other. C. tell him that he should not be concerned about the dog because you are there to help him. D. tell him that the dog has been secured in another room and that you need him to answer your questions.
B. provide psychological support and recognize that the dog and the patient depend on each other.
While assisting paramedics in the attempted resuscitation of a 60-year-old woman in cardiac arrest, the senior paramedic determines that the patient is dead after exhausting all efforts. When you attempt to comfort the patient's husband, he becomes verbally abusive and tells you that you should have been able to save his wife's life. You should: A. ask the senior paramedic if he or she did everything possible. B. realize that the man's behavior is not a personal attack on you. C. reassure the husband that his wife's death is not your fault. D. include the husband's comments in your patient care report.
B. realize that the man's behavior is not a personal attack on you.
The oxygen-carrying component of the blood is/are: A. platelets. B. red blood cells. C. white blood cells. D. plasma.
B. red blood cells.
While preparing to apply the AED pads to an adult patient's chest, you note that he has a transdermal medication patch where the sternum pad needs to be placed. You should: A. place the patient prone and apply the AED pads to his back. B. remove the medication patch, wipe the skin, and apply the AED pad. C. apply the AED pad 1" lower than the medication patch. D. continue CPR only until a paramedic unit arrives at the scene.
B. remove the medication patch, wipe the skin, and apply the AED pad.
A 29-year-old woman was sexually assaulted. Your primary assessment reveals no life-threatening injuries. As you proceed with your secondary assessment, the patient, who is conscious and alert, tells you that she does not want to go to the hospital and that she wants you to get away from her. You should: A. advise the patient that she cannot bathe or use the toilet because this will destroy any potential evidence. B. request a rescuer who is the same sex as the patient, unless one is already present at the scene. C. remain at least 4′ (1.2 m) away from the patient and ask her to provide a detailed account of what happened to her. D. tell the patient the law requires that all sexual assault victims must be transported to the hospital.
B. request a rescuer who is the same sex as the patient, unless one is already present at the scene.
A poison is most accurately defined as a: A. toxic chemical that is injected directly into a large vein. B. substance that can cause death in relatively small quantities. C. chemical that causes severe illness only when it is ingested.
B. substance that can cause death in relatively small quantities.
Any time a patient has suffered a traumatic injury, you should: A. move the patient with a folding stretcher. B. suspect injury to the head, neck, or spine. C. routinely apply a short backboard device. D. immobilize him or her with a scoop stretcher.
B. suspect injury to the head, neck, or spine.
Advanced life support (ALS) providers often use ___________ to transmit electrocardiograms and other patient data to online medical control. A. fax machines B. telemetry C. scanners
B. telemetry
One of the main causes of suicide in older people is: A. drug abuse. B. terminal disease. C. schizophrenia. D. domestic problems.
B. terminal disease.
You are dispatched to an elementary school for a 7-year-old boy who sustained a minor injury while on the playground. The child is conscious, alert, and does not appear to have any life-threatening injuries. What should you do? A. Begin treatment of the child and request an EMT unit to transport him to the hospital. B. Allow a teacher to sign a patient refusal form because the child does not require treatment. C. Ask a teacher to contact the child's parents to obtain consent for you to begin treatment. D. Send the child to the nurse's office for minor treatment and then return your unit to service.
C. Ask a teacher to contact the child's parents to obtain consent for you to begin treatment.
Which of the following statements regarding online medical control is correct? A. As an EMR, you should be present when an EMT or paramedic contacts medical control for patient care guidance or advice. B. EMTs and paramedics are rarely required to contact online medical control because they follow locally established protocols. C. In most EMS systems, EMRs are not required to contact medical control for the basic skills they are permitted to perform. D. The EMR should always contact medical control via cellular telephone prior to performing any basic life support (BLS) skills.
C. In most EMS systems, EMRs are not required to contact medical control for the basic skills they are permitted to perform.
Which of the following components is not required to prove negligence? A. Breach of duty B. Duty to act C. Patient refusal of care D. Resulting injuries
C. Patient refusal of care
Which of the following chambers of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs? A. Left ventricle B. Left atrium C. Right ventricle D. Right atrium
C. Right ventricle
Which of the following statements regarding a child's airway is correct? A. Airway blockage is less likely to occur in small children. B. An infant's respiratory rate is somewhat slower than an adult's. C. Very young infants can breathe only through their noses.
C. Very young infants can breathe only through their noses.
The prefix hyper- means: A. rapid or swift. B. below or deficient. C. above or excessive. D. abnormally slow.
C. above or excessive.
If a mentally competent adult refuses medical care, it is important to: A. recommend that the patient drive him- or herself to the hospital. B. ask a family member to witness the patient's refusal of care. C. advise the patient to call EMS if he or she changes his or her mind. D. tell the patient that his or her condition will ultimately cause death.
C. advise the patient to call EMS if he or she changes his or her mind.
A chemical substance that has a pH of greater than 7 is called an: A. adsorbent. B. antidote. C. alkali. D. acid.
C. alkali.
A DNR order is a written request giving permission for medical personnel not to: A. render treatment to patients with a terminal illness. B. begin resuscitation unless the patient is in shock. C. attempt resuscitation in the event of cardiac arrest. D. give oxygen to a patient with severe hypoxemia.
C. attempt resuscitation in the event of cardiac arrest.
Documentation regarding patient care provided by the EMR should: A. remain on file for a maximum of 18 months. B. occur at the same time the patient is being treated. C. be clear, concise, accurate, and readable. D. include no more than two sets of vital signs.
C. be clear, concise, accurate, and readable.
If you witness a patient's cardiac arrest, you should: A. defibrillate him or her after performing five cycles of CPR. B. perform 3 minutes of CPR and then apply an AED. C. begin CPR and apply an AED as soon as one is available.
C. begin CPR and apply an AED as soon as one is available.
Thinking, breathing, heartbeat, and digestion are central functions of the: A. spinal nerves. B. spinal cord. C. brain. D. peripheral nerves.
C. brain.
A specialized type of muscle that is found only in the heart is called:
C. cardiac muscle.
All of the following are signs of obvious death, except: A. dependent lividity. B. an absent pulse. C. decapitation. D. muscle stiffening.
C. decapitation.
The US Department of Transportation's responsibility is to: A. maintain a registry of all certified EMRs in the country. B. determine each EMR's scope of practice. C. develop the national education standards for the EMR. D. credential the EMR through a system of testing.
C. develop the national education standards for the EMR.
If the AED states that a shock is advised, you should: A. deliver the shock and assess for a pulse. B. allow the AED to reanalyze the cardiac rhythm. C. ensure that no one is touching the patient. D. perform 30 seconds of CPR and then defibrillate.
C. ensure that no one is touching the patient.
If the AED states that a shock is advised, you should: A. deliver the shock and assess for a pulse. B. allow the AED to reanalyze the cardiac rhythm. C. ensure that no one is touching the patient. D. perform 30 seconds of CPR and then defibrillate.
C. ensure that no one is touching the patient.
Most cases of MRSA occur in: A. trauma patients. B. infants and children. C. healthcare settings. D. the elderly population.
C. healthcare settings.
The MOST common cause of death in public safety workers is: A. job-related accidents. B. depression and suicide. C. heart and blood vessel disease. D. cancer from exposure to poisons.
C. heart and blood vessel disease.
Naloxone (Narcan) would most likely reverse the effects of: A. cocaine. B. bath salts. C. heroin. D. gasoline.
C. heroin.
Maintenance of required certifications or registrations is the responsibility of the: A. state board of health. B. EMS medical director. C. individual provider. D. employing agency.
C. individual provider.
When administering a DuoDote nerve agent auto-injector, you should inject the medication: A. into the front of the leg and hold the injector in place for 5 seconds. B. only after receiving approval from a paramedic or advanced EMT. C. into the lateral thigh and hold the injector in place for 10 seconds. D. even if the patient is not experiencing any signs or symptoms.
C. into the lateral thigh and hold the injector in place for 10 seconds.
A child is most accurately defined as a person who: A. weighs less than 100 lb (45.4 kg). B. is younger than 8 years. C. is between 1 year and the onset of puberty. D. is still in elementary school.
C. is between 1 year and the onset of puberty.
The left ventricle is the most muscular chamber of the heart because it: B. must pump adequate amounts of blood to the lungs. C. must pump blood throughout the entire body. D. receives a lot of blood from the aorta.
C. must pump blood throughout the entire body.
You arrive at a residence for a 70-year-old man who was found unresponsive by his neighbor. When you assess the patient, you note that his muscles are stiff and the areas of his body closest to the ground are purple. The neighbor tells you that he last spoke to the patient about 12 hours earlier. You should: A. apply the automated external defibrillator. B. perform CPR until EMTs arrive. C. not initiate resuscitation efforts.
C. not initiate resuscitation efforts.
The section of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996 that most directly affects EMS relates to: A. combating waste and fraud. B. continuity of care. C. patient privacy. D. access to health insurance.
C. patient privacy.
Guidelines for effective radio communication include all of the following, except: A. avoiding words that are difficult to hear, such as "yes" and "no." B. holding the microphone 2" to 3" from your mouth. C. pausing every 60 seconds and saying, "Do you copy?" D. reducing background noise as much as you possibly can.
C. pausing every 60 seconds and saying, "Do you copy?"
If the AED advises "no shock," you should: A. check for a pulse for up to 10 seconds. B. determine whether the patient is breathing. C. perform CPR for 2 minutes and reassess. D. reanalyze the patient's cardiac rhythm.
C. perform CPR for 2 minutes and reassess.
Symptoms of exposure to an organophosphate insecticide or nerve agent include: A. facial swelling, joint pain, and trouble swallowing. B. dry mouth, rapid heart rate, and hypertension. C. slow heart rate, salivation, and excessive tearing. D. excessive thirst, a headache, and pupil dilation.
C. slow heart rate, salivation, and excessive tearing.
A cardiac arrest patient's most crucial contact with the EMS system occurs when: A. paramedics arrive and administer advanced care. B. the receiving hospital is made aware of the situation. C. trained EMRs arrive at the patient's side. D. medical control is made aware of the situation.
C. trained EMRs arrive at the patient's side.
Most out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients have an irregular electrical heart rhythm called: A. ventricular tachycardia. B. pulseless electrical activity. C. ventricular fibrillation. D. asystole.
C. ventricular fibrillation.
All of the following are part of the normal grieving process, except: A. anger. B. depression. C. violence. D. acceptance.
C. violence.
CISDs are usually conducted: A. within 12 to 24 hours following a major incident. B. immediately following a major incident. C. within 24 to 72 hours following a major incident. D. only if more than two people are severely affected.
C. within 24 to 72 hours following a major incident.
In general, you should never change or alter a patient care report, unless: A. a paramedic or licensed physician orders you to do so. B. law enforcement personnel need the report for legal reasons. C. you need to correct an error to ensure that the information is accurate. D. the patient's condition deteriorated after a paramedic assumed care.
C. you need to correct an error to ensure that the information is accurate.
The usual adult dose of activated charcoal is: A. 25 to 100 g. B. 5 to 12.5 g. C. 12.5 to 25 g. D. 25 to 50 g.
D. 25 to 50 g.
The spine consists of _____ vertebrae. A. 30 B. 26 C. 36 D. 33
D. 33
A patient requires rapid transport to the hospital when: A. he or she requires care that can be provided only by a physician at the hospital. B. the patient's condition may deteriorate if he or she is not transported fairly quickly. C. traffic is extremely heavy and the patient's condition requires treatment by a physician. D. EMS personnel are unable to give the patient adequate life-saving care in the field.
D. EMS personnel are unable to give the patient adequate life-saving care in the field.
Which of the following is not considered an advance directive? A. Living will B. Do not resuscitate (DNR) order C. Durable power of attorney for health care D. EMS system protocols
D. EMS system protocols
A man has a fractured leg and is in severe pain. Which of the following would you expect to encounter? A. Decreased heart rate B. Irregular heart rate C. Decreased respiratory rate D. Increased blood pressure
D. Increased blood pressure
While responding in a high-crime area of town for a young man who was shot in the chest, the dispatcher advises you that the patient is unconscious and that the perpetrator may still be at the scene. Law enforcement is en route to the scene as well, but the responding paramedics will be delayed. What should you do? A. Advise the dispatcher that the paramedics and law enforcement officers will handle the situation and then return to service. B. Continue to the scene, stay in your vehicle when you arrive, and wait for law enforcement to secure the scene before you exit your vehicle. C. Proceed cautiously to the scene, exit your vehicle and stay low when you arrive, and quickly move the patient to an area of safety. D. Stop a few blocks away from the scene, stay in your vehicle, and wait for law enforcement to arrive at the scene and ensure that it is safe.
D. Stop a few blocks away from the scene, stay in your vehicle, and wait for law enforcement to arrive at the scene and ensure that it is safe.
In which of the following situations would an emergency move be most appropriate? A. The patient is in a mobile home or other area that is confined. B. The patient has a history of cardiopulmonary arrest. C. The patient is in a car and there are shards of glass around him. D. The area around the patient cannot be protected adequately.
D. The area around the patient cannot be protected adequately.
Which of the following is an example of an internal distraction that may hinder an EMR's communication with a patient? A. An angry husband who is demanding that the EMR care for his wife B. Numerous family members who are giving the EMR patient information C. A loud bulldozer that is operating in a lot near a patient's residence D. Worrying about personal finances while at the scene of a car crash
D. Worrying about personal finances while at the scene of a car crash
A basic life support (BLS) ambulance is most accurately defined as: A. any transport vehicle staffed by EMTs with additional training. B. any transport vehicle that is staffed by at least two EMRs. C. an emergency response vehicle equipped with a defibrillator. D. a properly equipped vehicle that is staffed by EMT personnel.
D. a properly equipped vehicle that is staffed by EMT personnel.
It is most important that you never assume that an apparently intoxicated person is drunk because: A. alcoholism is a disease and you must be respectful of the patient. B. you will likely be sued if you do so and the patient was not drunk. C. people who are alcoholics are extremely sensitive to their disease. D. a serious illness or injury can mimic alcohol intoxication.
D. a serious illness or injury can mimic alcohol intoxication.
Depression and a reduced ability to deal with stress would most likely be caused by: A. caffeine. B. coffee or cola. C. sugar. D. alcohol.
D. alcohol.
In between chest compressions, you should deliver rescue breaths that: A. maximize air entry into the esophagus. B. cause the chest to expand fully. C. produce visible rise of the stomach. D. are 1 second in duration.
D. are 1 second in duration.
For a patient to be legally able to make a decision regarding his or her own health care, he or she must: A. have at least two witnesses present at the scene. B. accept EMS transport to an appropriate hospital. C. have a non-life-threatening injury or illness. D. be of legal age as defined by state law.
D. be of legal age as defined by state law.
Enhanced 911 centers have the capability to: A. function as medical control in the absence of a licensed physician. B. provide immediate ALS instructions to the caller. C. automatically dispatch aeromedical support when a call is received. D. determine the physical location of the caller via the computer.
D. determine the physical location of the caller via the computer.
A patient who verbally or nonverbally lets you know that he or she is willing to accept treatment is giving you ____________ consent. A. informed B. assumed C. implied D. expressed
D. expressed
The most effective way to prevent exposure to infectious diseases is to: A. ensure that your immunizations are current. B. wash your hands thoroughly after each call. C. place a mask on all patients you treat. D. follow standard precautions on all calls.
D. follow standard precautions on all calls.
Anaphylactic shock is characterized by: A. rapid facial swelling followed immediately by cardiac arrest. B. red streaks to the face, a weak pulse, and extreme hyperactivity. C. itching, a rapid pulse, high blood pressure, and anxiety. D. hives, a rapid pulse, low blood pressure, and unconsciousness.
D. hives, a rapid pulse, low blood pressure, and unconsciousness.
The nerve fibers outside the brain and spinal cord make up the: A. involuntary nervous system. B. voluntary nervous system. C. central nervous system. D. peripheral nervous system.
D. peripheral nervous system.
