EMS 202 EXAM 9

A person's ability to shiver is lost when his or her body temperature falls below: Select one: a. 90°F (32°C). b. 95°F (35°C). c. 94°F (34°C). d. 92°F (33°C).

a

Bone marrow produces: Select one: a. blood cells. b. cartilage. c. lymphocytes. d. electrolytes.

a

Covering a patient's _______________ will significantly minimize radiation heat loss. Select one: a. head b. chest c. abdomen d. extremities

a

The act of pulling on a body structure in the direction of its normal alignment is called: Select one: a. traction. b. reduction. c. immobilization. d. stabilization.

a

The body's natural protective mechanisms against heat loss are: Select one: a. vasoconstriction and shivering. b. shivering and vasodilation. c. vasodilation and respiration. d. respiration and vasoconstriction.

a

Traction splints are used primarily to immobilize and secure fractures of the: Select one: a. femur. b. hip. c. pelvis. d. humerus.

a

What type of muscle contracts and relaxes to control the movement of the contents within its structures? Select one: a. Smooth b. Striated c. Skeletal d. Cardiac

a

You receive a call to a local gymnasium for a basketball player with a dislocated shoulder. Upon arrival, you find the patient, a 17-year-old male, sitting on the ground. He is holding his left arm in a fixed position away from his body. There is an obvious anterior bulge to the area of injury. You should: Select one: a. assess distal pulse, motor, and sensory functions. b. flex his arm at the elbow and then apply a sling. c. gently attempt to move his arm toward his body. d. place a pillow under his arm and apply a swathe.

a

A 45-year-old female was the unrestrained passenger of a small car that rear-ended another vehicle at a moderate rate of speed. She is conscious and alert, but complains of pain to both of her knees. There is visible damage to the dashboard on the passenger's side of the vehicle. In addition to fractures or dislocations of the knees, you should be MOST suspicious for: Select one: a. anterior hip dislocation. b. posterior hip dislocation. c. a thoracic spine fracture. d. fracture of the tibia or fibula.

b

A fracture caused by minimal force that is associated with diseases such as cancer and osteoporosis is called a _______________ fracture. Select one: a. greenstick b. pathologic c. transverse d. comminuted

b

Following direct trauma to the left upper back, a 44-year-old male presents with diaphoresis and restlessness. His blood pressure is 100/50 mm Hg, his pulse rate is 120 beats/min and weak, and his respirations are 24 breaths/min and labored. Your assessment reveals abrasions and contusions over the left scapula. You should: Select one: a. hyperventilate him with a BVM and monitor his oxygen saturation. b. apply high-flow oxygen, consider spinal precautions, and transport without delay. c. focus your assessment on his scapulae and clavicles and apply high-flow oxygen. d. apply high-flow oxygen, perform a detailed secondary assessment, and transport.

b

Hypothermia can worsen internal bleeding secondary to: Select one: a. severe muscular rigidity. b. blood-clotting abnormalities. c. a decreased heart rate. d. cardiac arrhythmias.

b

The MOST common and significant complication associated with fractures or dislocations of the knee is: Select one: a. ligament and cartilage damage. b. neurovascular compromise. c. total depletion of synovial fluid. d. internal bleeding and shock.

b

When the body loses sweat, it also loses: Select one: a. plasma. b. electrolytes. c. erythrocytes. d. nutrients.

b

Which of the following would be the LEAST likely to occur in a patient with a core body temperature of between 89°F (32°C) and 92°F (33°C)? Select one: a. Confusion b. Tachycardia c. Stiff muscles d. Bradypnea

b

A person who experiences a calcaneus fracture after jumping and landing on his or her feet would MOST likely experience an accompanying fracture of the: Select one: a. coccygeal spine. b. symphysis pubis. c. lumbar spine. d. thoracic spine.

c

A(n) _______________ fracture occurs in the growth section of a child's bone and may lead to bone growth abnormalities. Select one: a. greenstick b. diaphyseal c. epiphyseal d. metaphyseal

c

Atrophy is a condition that occurs when: Select one: a. carbon dioxide, lactic acid, and other wastes accumulate in the muscle. b. the tendons that attach muscle to bone become stretched or injured. c. muscle decreases in size and function. d. increased use of skeletal muscle causes an increase in its strength.

c

Bones are connected to other bones by bands of tough fibrous tissues called: Select one: a. tendons. b. cartilage. c. ligaments. d. bursa.

c

Femoral shaft fractures can result in up to _______________ mL of internal blood loss. Select one: a. 2,000 b. 4,000 c. 1,000 d. 1,500

c

The two MOST efficient ways for the body to eliminate excess heat are: Select one: a. perspiration and tachycardia. b. respiration and bradycardia. c. sweating and vasodilation. d. hyperventilation and tachycardia.

c

When splinting an injury of the wrist, the hand should be placed: Select one: a. in a straight position. b. into a fist c. in a functional position. d. in an extended position.

c

Which of the following statements regarding striated muscle is correct? Select one: a. Most of the body's striated muscle is found within the walls of the blood vessels. b. Striated muscle is involuntary because you have no conscious control over it. c. It forms the major muscle mass of the body and usually crosses at least one joint. d. Striated muscle tissue is attached directly to the bones by tough bands of cartilage.

c

A Colles fracture involves a fracture of the: Select one: a. radius and ulna. b. proximal radius. c. distal ulna. d. distal radius.

d

Heat stroke occurs when: Select one: a. a person's core body temperature rises above 103°F (39°C). b. the ambient temperature exceeds 90°F (32°C) and the humidity is high. c. a person becomes dehydrated secondary to excess water loss. d. the body's heat-eliminating mechanisms are overwhelmed.

d

The MOST commonly fractured bone(s) in the body is/are the: Select one: a. radius and ulna. b. scapula. c. midshaft femur. d. clavicle.

d

To assess a patient's general body temperature, pull back on your glove and place the back of your hand on his or her skin at the: Select one: a. neck. b. chest. c. forehead. d. abdomen.

d

Which of the following conditions would be the LEAST likely to increase a person's risk of hypothermia? Select one: a. Severe infection b. Head injury c. Spinal cord injury d. Hyperglycemia

d

Which of the following types of muscle is under direct voluntary control of the brain? Select one: a. Smooth b. Cardiac c. Autonomic d. Skeletal

d

You and your partner are preparing to apply a traction splint to a patient's deformed thigh. As you apply manual traction, the patient resists your efforts and states that the pain is getting worse. You should: Select one: a. gently massage the thigh muscles to relax them. b. flex the knee and place a pillow under the thigh. c. assess distal pulses and continue pulling traction. d. stop and splint the leg in the deformed position.

d