EMS chapter 9
Suction as needed and insert an airway adjunct
After performing a head tilt-chin lift maneuver to open the airway of an unresponsive patient who has a pulse, you should:
Identify less obvious injuries that require immediate treatment
After performing a primary assessment, a rapid exam of the body should be performed to:
Immediately begin CPR
If you cannot palpate a pulse an unresponsive patient whose collapse was not witnessed, you should:
40,60
Normal respiratory rates should not exceed ____breaths per minute in toddlers and ____ breaths per min in infants.
Pink,warm, and dry
Normal skin color, temperature, and condition should be
The reason why the patient called EMS
Reassessment is performed to determine all of the following EXCEPT
With difficulty breathing and adequate tidal volume
Supplemental oxygen without assisted ventilation would MOST likely administered to patients:
The patient receives definitive care.
The "Golden Period" begins when an injury occurs and ends when
60 to 90 seconds
The rapid exam of a patient that occurs following the primary assessment should take no longer than
Patients with a significant MOI and unresponsive medical patient
The systematic head-to-toe assessment should be performed on:
All the patients have been triaged
Treatment and transport priorities at the scene of a mass-casualty Incident should be determined after:
Ensure that you are safe
Upon arriving at a potentially unsafe scene, you should
Severe chest pain and cool, pale skin
Which of the following situations or conditions warrants immediate transport?
It is a high-pitched, crowing upper airway sound
Which of the following statements regarding stridor is correct?
Blood pressure is usually not measured in children younger than 3 years of age.
Which of the following statements regarding the blood pressure is correct?
The MOI may allow you to predict the severity of a patient's injuries
Which of the following statements regarding the mechanism of correct?
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A 29-year-old male with a head injury opens his eyes when you speak to him, confused as to the time and date, and is able to move of his extremities on command. His Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score is:
Apply direct pressure to the wound
A 39-year-old male sustained a stab wound to the groin during an altercation at a bar. As you approach the patient , you note that he is conscious. He is screaming in pain and is attempting to control the bleeding, which is bright red and spurting from his groin area. You should:
open his airway with a jaw-thrust maneuver.
A 40-year-old male crashed his motorcycle into a tree. He is semiconscious, has snoring respirations, and has a laceration to the forearm with minimal bleeding. You should:
liver dysfunction
A 40-year-old male presents with pain to the right upper quadrant of his abdomen. He is conscious and alert with stable vital signs. During your assessment, you note that his skin and sclera are jaundiced. You should suspect:
Prepare for immediate transport
A 50-year-old male presents with altered mental status. His wife tells you that he had a small stroke" three years ago but has otherwise been in good health. The patient is responsive but unable to follow commands. After administering oxygen if needed, you should :
Gentle palpitation of the pelvis
A 71-year-old female slipped on a rug and fell. She is conscious and alert and complains of severe pelvic pain. Her respirations are 22 breaths/min with adequate depth and her heart rate is 120 beats / h min. Which of the following is NOT indicated for this patient?
falsely high systolic and diastolic reading.
A blood pressure cuff that is too small for a patient's arm will give a:
Subcutaneous emphysema
A crackling sound produced by air bubbles under the skin is called
loss of vascular tone
A decrease in blood pressure may indicate
Pressure waves through the arteries caused by cardiac contraction
A palpable pulse is created by
Is experiencing difficulty breathing
A patient is sitting in a chair, leaning forward on his outstretched arms. His head and chin are thrust forward . This position indicates that he:
Responsive to painful stimuli
A patient who does not respond to your questions, but moves or cries out when his or he trapezius muscle is pinched, is said to be
Flushed and red
A patient with high blood pressure would be expected to have skin that is
Diaphoretic
A patient with profuse sweating is referred to as being
Without assistance
A patient with spontaneous respirations is breathing
Date and event
A patient's short-term memory is MOST likely intact if he or she correctly answers questions regarding:
two thirds the length from the armpit to the crease at the elbow
A properly sized blood pressure cuff should cover
Regular
A pulse with a consistent pattern is considered to be
Be able to speak in complete sentences without unusual pauses
An adult patient who NOT experiencing difficulty breathing will
Airway, breathing, and circulation (ABC)
An elderly patient has fallen and hit her head. Your initial care should focus on
Open eyes in response to pain, uses inappropriate words, withdraws from pain
An injured patient is assigned a total score of 9 on the GCSHe is assigned a score of 2 for eye opening, a score of 3 for verbal response, and a score of 4 for motor response. Which of the following clinical findings is consistent with his GCS score?
The Body's ability to compensate for shock decreases
As time progresses following a significant injury
Maintain stabilization of the head
As you assess the head of a patient with a suspected spinal Injury, your partner should:
Determine how much carbon dioxide is being exhaled
Capnography is used to
Shallow chest movement
Clinical signs of labored breathing include all of the following, EXCEPT:
Decreased blood oxygen
Cyanosis of the skin is caused by
2
During a 30-minute transport of a stable patient, you should reassess him or her at least ______times .
before exiting the ambulance and before actual patient contact.
During an EMS call, you should take standard precautions
60 and 100 beats/min
For an adult, the normal resting pulse should be between.
60,100
In responsive patients who are older than 1 year of age, you should palpate the pulse a the artery.
Radial
In responsive patients who are older than 1 year of age, you should palpate the pulse at the ______ artery.
Sitting up at a 45 angle
Jugular venous distention suggests a problem with blood returning to the heart if the patient is:
Radiating
Pain that moves from its point of origin to another body location is said to be:
Alleviate the pain
Palliating factors regarding a patient's pain involve those that
Ashen
Poor peripheral circulation will cause the skin to appear
Most serious thing the patient is concerned about
The chief complaint is MOST accurately defined as the
Minimum amount of pressure that is always present in the arteries.
The diastolic blood pressure represents the
Locate injuries not found in the primary assessment
The goal of the systematic head-to-toe exam that is performed during the secondary assessment is to:
systolic pressure
The pressure exerted against the walls of the artery when the left ventricle contracts is called the:
Introduced yourself to the patient
Upon arriving at the scene of a patient with difficulty breathing, you determine that the scene is safe. You enter the residence and find the patient sitting in a chair in respiratory distress. Your first action should be to:
Jaw-thrust maneuver
What maneuver should be used to open the airway of an unresponsive patient with suspected trauma ?
History taking
What part of the patient assessment process focuses on obtaining additional information about the patient's chief complaint and any medical problems he or she may have?
Tidal volume is markedly reduced
When a patient's respirations are shallow
Ensure that the patient can see you approaching him
When approaching a 32-year-old male who is complaining of traumatic neck pain, you should
Transport at once and consider requesting a paramedic until
When assessing a 62-year-old female with crushing chest pain, you note that her pulse is rapid and irregular. You should administer supplemental oxygen if needed and then:
Subcutaneous emphysema
When assessing a patient's abdomen, you will evaluate for all of the following, EXCEPT
Wiggle his or her toes on command
When assessing motor function in a conscious patient's lower extremities, you should expect the patient to:
Cyanosis
When assessing the skin of an unresponsive patient, you note that has a bluish tint to it This finding called:
Brachial
When auscultating the blood pressure in a patient's upper extremity you should place the head of the stethoscope over the _____ artery
Repeating statements back to him or her
When interviewing a patient, you can show him or her that you understand the situation by:
Count the pulse rate for a full minute to obtain an accurate reading
When palpating a patient's pulse, you note that it is grossly irregular. You should
Rapid
When palpating a patient's pulse, you note that there is a short interval between pulsations . This indicates that the pulse is:
Avoid compressing both carotid arteries simultaneously
When palpating the carotid pulse of a responsive patient, you should:
Posterior
When performing a rapid exam on a supine patient, what part of the body is typically assessed last?
Bruising behind the ear
When performing the secondary assessment on a trauma patient , you note the presence of Battle sign. This is defined as:
Any situation that causes vasoconstriction or loss of red blood cells, such as anemia or bleeding, may result in an inaccurate or misleading value
When using the pulse oximeter as part of your assessment of a patient, it is important to remember that:
Place the tips of your index and long fingers over the pulse point
Which of the following is the MOST accurate guide to palpating a pulse?
2 seconds
When you assess capillary refill time in an infant, normal color to the tested area should return within:
Constricting
When you inspect a patient's pupils with a penlight, the pupils should normally react to the light by:
Become smaller
When you shine a light into one pupil, the normal reaction of the other pupil should be
systolic blood pressure
When you use the palpation method to obtain a blood pressure, the measurement you obtain is the
Only one section of the chest rises in inspiration, while another area falls
Which of the following MOST accurately describes paradoxical movement of the chest wall?
Stridor
Which of the following abnormal breath sounds indicates obstruction of the upper airway?
Rapidly assessing a patient's respiratory status
Which of the following actions would NOT be performed during the scene size-up?
Blood glucose level
Which of the following assessments would be the MOST useful in determining the possible cause of a patient's altered mental status?
Acute anxiety
Which of the following conditions would be LEAST likely to cause an altered level of consciousness ?
Beta-blocker medications
Which of the following factors would MOST likely cause a patient's pulse rate to be slower than normal?
Forceful coughing
Which of the following findings indicates that your patient has a patent airway?
auscultating breath sounds with a stethoscope
Which of the following is the MOST effective method of assessing the quality of air movement the lungs?
"Does your mother have diabetes"
Which of the following medical history questions would be of LEAST pertinence in an acute situation?
"I was mowing the lawn when the pain began"
Which of the following patient responses would establish the "E" in the SAMPLE history?
"What seems to be the matter"
Which of the following questions is used to determine a patient's chief complaint?
"How much Tylenol do you take each day"
Which of the following questions would you ask a patient to ascertain the "M" In the SAMPLE history ?
A 61- year-old female who is unconscious with facial cyanosis
Which of the following scenarios does NOT involve the presence of any symptoms?
Seesaw breathing
Which of the following signs of respiratory distress is seen MOST commonly in pediatric patients?
The secondary assessment should focus on a certain area or region of the body as determined by the Cheif complaint.
Which of the following statements regarding the secondary assessment is correct?
A systematic head-to-toe examination
Which of the following would the EMT likely NOT perform on a responsive patient with a headache and no apparent life- threatening conditions ?
ventricles relaxing
While evaluating a patient with chest pain , your partner tells you that the patient's blood pressure is 140/94 mm Hg. The lower number represents the pressure from the:
Patients who are younger than 6 years of age
With regard to the assessment of a patient's cardiovascular status, capillary refill time is MOST reliable in:
Position yourself in between the patient and the gun and ask your partner to request law enforcement assistance.
You are assessing a 72 year-old man with abdominal pain. The patient is sitting in a chair he is conscious, alert and calm. As you are talking to the patient, your partner discreetly directs your attention to a handgun, which is located on a nearby table. You should:
Provide assisted ventilation
You are dispatched to the county jail for an inmate who is "sick". When you arrive, you find the patient, a 33-year-old male, unresponsive. His airway is patent and his respirations are rapid and shallow. Your initial action should be to:
Assess for a brachial pulse for 5 to 10 seconds
You receive a call to a daycare center for an unresponsive 8-month-old Infant. Upon arrival, you perform an assessment and determine that the infant not breathing. Your next action should be to:
Start CPR and attach the AED as soon as possible
You respond to the residence of a 62-year- old male who is unresponsive. Your primary assessment reveals that he is apneic and pulseless. You should
The patient does not complain of pelvic pain
You should gently palpate a patient's pelvis only if:
has bradycardia and diminished muscle tone.
You should suspect that a patient is experiencing respiratory failure if he or she
Reevaluate his or her airway status
if a patient develops difficulty breathing after your primary assessment, you should Immediately
A 59-year-old man complains of crushing chest pain but denies shortness of breath.
in which of the following situations is a pertinent negative Identified?
Lips or oral mucosa
patients with deeply pigmented skin, changes in color may be apparent only in certain areas, such as the:
