EMT 3rd quarter

Which of the following is a late sign of hypoxia? A. Restlessness B. Anxiety C. Cyanosis D. Tachycardia

C. Cyanosis (Chapter 10, page 395)

Which of the following patient responses would establish the "E" in the SAMPLE history? A. "I am not having any difficulty breathing" B. "I was mowing the lawn when the pain began" C. "The chest pain started about 45 minutes ago" D. "I was in the hospital a week ago"

B. "I was mowing the lawn when the pain began" (Chapter 9, page 340)

Which of the following would the EMT likely NOT perform on a responsive patient with a headache and no apparent life-threatening conditions? A. systemic head-to-toe examination B. noninvasive blood pressure monitoring C. Assessment of oxygen saturation D. Focused secondary assessment

A, systemic head-to-toe examination (Chapter 9, page 348)

Femoral shaft fractures can result in up to _____ mL of internal blood loss. A. 1,000 B. 1,500 C. 4,000 D. 2,000

A. 1,000 (Chapter 31, page 1127)

What medication form does glucose come in? A. Gel B. Fine powder C. Liquid D. Suspension

A. Gel (Chapter 11, page 460)

Which of the following organs can tolerate inadequate perfusion for 2 to 3 hours? A. Skeletal Muscle B. Brain C. Kidneys D. Heart

A. Skeletal muscle (Chapter 25, page 882)

A 38-year-old male was electrocuted while attempting to wire a house. Your assessment reveals that he is unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic. A coworker has shut off the power to the house. You should: A. begin CPR and apply the AED B. assess for entry and exit wounds C. fully immobilize his spinal column D. begin CPR and transport at once

A. begin CPR and apply the AED (Chapter 26, page 937)

Air bags are designed to: A. decrease the severity of deceleration injuries B. prevent the driver from sustaining head trauma C. prevent a second collision inside the car D. be used with or without a shoulder harness

A. decrease the severity of deceleration injuries (Chapter 24, page 853)

Neurogenic shock occurs when: A. failure of the nervous system causes widespread vasodilation B. there is too much blood to fill a smaller vascular container C. the spinal cord is severed and causes massive hemorrhaging D. massive vasoconstriction occurs distal to a spinal cord injury

A. failure of the nervous system causes widespread vasodilation (Chapter 12, page 493

In contrast to the brown recluse spider, the black widow spider: A. is large and has a red-orange hourglass mark on its abdomen B. has a bite that is typically painless until a blister develops C. has a bite that usually produces local pain but no systemic signs or symptoms D. is very small and has a violin-shaped marking on its back

A. is large and has a red-orange hourglass mark on its abdomen (Chapter 32, page 1166-1167)

You are transporting a 33-year-old male who was involved in a major motor vehicle crash. You have addressed all immediate and potentially life-threatening conditions and have stabilized his condition with the appropriate treatment. With an estimated time of arrival at the hospital of 20 minutes, you should: A. reassess his condition in 5 minutes B. take his vital signs in 15 minutes C. arrange for an ALS rendezvous D. repeat your secondary assessment

A. reassess his condition in 5 minutes (Chapter 12, page 499)

The kidneys help to regulate blood pressure by: A. removing sodium and water from the body B. accommodating a large amount of blood volume C. retaining key electrolytes, such as potassium D. eliminating toxic waste products from the body

A. removing sodium and water from the body (Chapter 18, page 706-707)

Which of the following statements regarding the rule of nines is correct? A. the anterior trunk of an adult is equal to 18% of the BSA B. A child's head is equal to 14% of his or her total BSA C. The posterior of a child's leg is equal to 13.5% of the BSA D. The anterior arm in the adult is equal to 9% of the total BSA

A. the anterior trunk of an adult is equal to 18% of the BSA (Chapter 26, page 927)

Heat stroke occurs when: A. the body's heat- eliminating mechanisms are overwhelmed B. a person's core body temperature rises above 103 F (39C) C. the ambient temperature exceeds 90F (32C) and the humidity is high D. a person becomes dehydrated secondary to excess water loss

A. the body's heat- eliminating mechanisms are overwhelmed (Chapter 32, page 1152)

You arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle-versus-pedestrian accident. The patient, a 13-year-old male, is unconscious and has multiple injuries. As you are treating the child, a law enforcement officer advises you that the child's parents will be at the scene in approximately 15 minutes. What should you do? A. transport the child immediately and have the parents meet you at the hospital B. treat the child at the scene and wait for the parents to arrive and give consent C. Withhold treatment until the parents arrive and give you consent for treatment D. begin transport at once and have the parents meet you en route to the hospital

A. transport the child immediately and have the parents meet you at the hospital (Chapter 3, page 87)

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of epinephrine? A. Secreted naturally by the adrenal glands B. Decreases heart rate and blood pressure C. Dilates passages in the lungs D. Constricts the blood vessels

B. Decreases heart rate and blood pressure (Chapter 11, page 470)

Which of the following medications increases a person's risk of heat-related emergency? A. Tylenol B. Diuretics C. Motrin D. Aspirin

B. Diuretics (Chapter 32, page 1153)

What layer of the skin forms a watertight, protective seal for the body? A. Muscular layer B. Epidermis C. Subcutaneous layer D. Dermis

B. Epidermis (Chapter 26, page 906)

A person who experiences a calcaneus fracture after jumping and landing on top of his or her feet would MOST likely experience an accompanying fracture of the: A. thoracic spine B. lumbar spine C. coccygeal spine D. symphysis pubis

B. Lumbar spine (Chapter 31, page 1130-1131)

A patient who is complaining of seeing flashing lights, specks, or "floaters" in his of her field of vision has MOST likely experienced: A. a blowout fracture B. a detached retina C. acute hyphema D. Conjunctivitis

B. a detached retina (Chapter 27, page 963)

Your priority in caring for a patient with a surface contact poisoning is to: A. obtain and maintain a patent airway B. avoid contaminating yourself C. decontaminate the patient's skin D. move the patient to a safe area

B. avoid contaminating yourself (Chapter 21, page 750)

The phenomenon of pressure waves emanating from the bullet, causing damage remote from its path, is known as: A. conversion B. cavitation C. congruent D. capitation

B. cavitation (Chapter 24, page 860)

Common side effects of epinephrine include all of the following EXECPT: A. dizziness B. drowsiness C. tachycardia D. headache

B. drowsiness (Chapter 20, page 763)

The lower jawbone is called the: A. zygoma B. mandible C. mastoid D. maxillae

B. mandible (Chapter 27, page 947)

A 45-year-old female was the unrestrained passenger of a small car that rear-ended another vehicle at a moderate rate of speed. She is conscious and alert, but complains of pain to both of her knees. There is visible damage to the dashboard on the passenger's side of the vehicle. In addition to fractures or dislocations of the knees, you should be MOST suspicious for: A. anterior hip dislocation B. Posterior hip dislocation C. fracture of the tibia or fibula D. a thoracic spine fracture

B. posterior hip dislocation (Chapter 31, page 1125)

Immediately after physically restraining a violent patient, the EMT should: A. advise the patient why restraint was needed B. reassess the patient's airway and breathing C. document the time the restraints were applied D. inform medical control of the situation

B. reassess the patient's airway and breathing (Chapter 22, page 815)

You are assessing a man with suspected hypothermia. The patient is conscious and alert, and is actively shivering. His respiratory rate is increased, but his breathing is unlabored, and the pulse oximeter reads 72%. The pulse oximetry reading is MOST likely: A. accurate because shivering affects hemoglobin binding B. secondary to decreased perfusion in the extremities C. accurate because he has signs of respiratory failure D. a direct reflection of his increased respiratory rate

B. secondary to decreased perfusion in the extremities (Chapter 32, page 1148)

The single most significant factor that contributes to suicide is: A. advanced age B. depression C. a chronic illness D. drug abuse

B. suicide (Chapter 22, page 817)

Atherosclerosis is defined as: A. constriction of the blood vessels B. the buildup of plaque inside blood vessels C. dilation of the arteries D. the blockage of a coronary artery

B. the buildup of plaque inside blood vessels (Chapter 7, page 252)

Which of the following conditions or factors would be the LEAST likely to result in a change in behavior? A.inadequate blood flow to the brain B. Low blood glucose levels C. Antihypertensive medications D. Exposure to excess heat or cold

C. Antihypertensive medications (Chapter 22, page 805)

The areas of the infant's skull that have not yet fused together are called: A. Sutures B. Cranial Valleys C. Fontanelles D. Ventricles

C. Fontanelles (Chapter 7, page 243)

Complications associated with using a manually triggered ventilation device include: A. reduced tidal volume delivery and hypoxia B. inadequate oxygenation and tracheal injury C. lung tissue injury and gastric distention D. inadequate ventilation and hypercarbia

C. Lung tissue injury and gastric distension (Chapter 10, page 434)

An intoxicated 40-year-old male is found lying face down. How would you document his body's position? A. Supine B. Dorsal C. Prone D. Recumbent

C. Prone (Chapter 5, page 161)

A raised, swollen, well-defined area on the skin that is the result of an insect bite or sting is called: A. purpura B. a pustule C. a wheal D. urticaria

C. a wheal (Chapter 20, page 756)

During your assessment of a 20-year-old man with a severe headache and nausea, you ask him when his headache began, but he does not answer your question immediately. You should: A. tell him that you cannot help him unless he answers your questions. B. repeat your question because he probably did not hear you C. allow him time to think about the question and respond to it D. ask him if he frequently experiences severe headaches and nausea

C. allow him time to think about the question and respond to it (Chapter 4, page 120)

A 60-year-old female presents with a tearing sensation in her lower back. Her skin is sweaty and she is tachycardic. The EMT should suspect: A. acute pancreatitis B. kidney stones C. aortic aneurysm D. strangulated hernia

C. aortic aneurysm (Chapter 18, page 715)

In general, injected poisons are impossible to dilute or remove because they: A. absorb slowly into the body, despite their potency B. are usually fatal within 30 minutes of exposure C. are usually absorbed quickly into the body D. react with the blood, which increases their toxicity

C. are usually absorbed quickly into the body (Chapter 21, page 751)

Hypothermia can worsen internal bleeding secondary to: A. severe muscular rigidity B. a decreased heart rate C. blood-clotting abnormalities D. cardiac arrhythmias

C. blood-clotting abnormalities (Chapter 32, page 1147)

Chronic renal failure is a condition that: A. occurs from conditions such as dehydration B. causes dehydration from excessive urination C. is often caused by hypertension or diabetes D. can be revered with prompt treatment

C. is often caused by hypertension or diabetes (Chapter 18, page 713)

Bones are connected to other bones by bands of tough fibrous tissues called: A. cartilage B. bursa C. ligaments D. tendons

C. ligaments (Chapter 31, page 1091)

Which of the following statements regarding an emergency patient move is correct? A. The patient is dragged against the body's long axis during an emergency move B. The spine must be fully immobilized prior to performing an emergency move C. It is not possible to perform an emergency move without injuring the patient D. An emergency move is performed before the primary assessment and treatment

D. An emergency move is performed before the primary assessment and treatment (Chapter 8, page 281)

Which of the following is a severe burn in a 35-year-old patient? A. Partial-thickness burn to 20% of the body surface area B. Superficial burn covering 50% of the body surface area C. Full-thickness burn to 5% of the body surface area D. Circumferential partial-thickness burns to the chest

D. Circumferential partial-thickness burns to the chest (Chapter 26, page 924-925)

Which type of reaction occurs when an EMT is exposed to many insignificant stressors over a period of several months or years? A. Critical incident stress reaction B. Post-traumatic stress reaction C. Acute stress reaction D. Cumulative stress reaction

D. Cumulative stress reaction (Chapter 2, page 68)

What is the function of platelets? A. Defense against invading organisms B. Transport of cellular waste materials C. Transport of oxygen and nutrients D. Initial formation of a blood clot

D. Initial formation of a blood clot (Chapter 6, page 203)

Which of the following physiologic actions does epinephrine produce when given for an allergic reaction? A. Blocking of the further histamine release B. Bronchoconstriction and vasoconstriction C. Bronchodilation and vasodilation D. Vasoconstriction and bronchodilation

D. Vasoconstriction and bronchodilation (Chapter 20, page 761)

Patients with generalized hypothermia are at an increased risk of a local cold injury because: A. peripheral vasodilation brings warm blood to the skin's surface B. the major muscles of the body become rigid during hypothermia C. the patient is usually unable to escape the cold ambient temperature D. blood is shunted away from the extremities to the body's core

D. blood is shunted away from the extremities to the body's core (Chapter 32, page 1145)

Ketone production is the result of: A. rapid entry of glucose across the cell membrane B. blood glucose levels higher than 120 mg/dl C. acidosis when blood glucose levels are low D. fat metabolization when glucose is unavailable

D. fat metabolization when glucose is unavailable (Chapter 19, page 731)

A 22-year-old male with a history of clinical depression called 9-1-1 and stated that he has attempted to kill himself. Your unit and law enforcement officers arrive at the scene simultaneously. You find the patient laying supine on the living room floor. He is unresponsive and cyanotic. An empty bottle of hydromorphone (Dilaudid) is found on an adjacent table. You should: A. ask the police to handcuff the patient for safety purposes B. provide care after determining what Dilaudid is used for C. wait for the police to examine him before providing care D. open the patient's airway and assess his respirations

D. open the patient's airway and assess his respirations (Chapter 22, page 807)

The systemic veins function by: A. delivering deoxygenated blood to the capillaries B. delivering oxygen-poor blood to the capillaries C. returning deoxygenated blood back to the heart D. returning oxygen-rich blood back to the left atrium

D. returning oxygen-rich blood back to the left atrium (Chapter 25, page 880)

You are dispatched to a local nursery for a 39-year-old female who is sick. When you arrive, you find the patient lying on the floor. She is semiconscious, has copious amounts of saliva coming from her mouth, and is incontinent of urine. You quickly feel her pulse and note that it is very slow. Immediate management for this patient should include: A. requesting a paramedic to give her atropine B. assisted ventilation with a BVM C. performing a rapid secondary assessment D. thoroughly suctioning her oropharynx

D. thoroughly suctioning her oropharynx (Chapter 21, page 763-764)