EMT CH 10 and 15

Which of the following patients is breathing adequately? a. A conscious male with respirations of 19 breaths/min and pink skin b. A conscious female with facial cyanosis and rapid, shallow respirations c. A conscious male with respirations of 18 breaths/min and reduced tidal volume d. An unconscious 52-year-old female with snoring respirations and cool, pale skin

a. A conscious male with respirations of 19 breaths/min and pink skin

In what area of the lungs does respiration occur? a. Alveoli b. Trachea c. Bronchi d. Capillaries

a. Alveoli

Which of the following must be assessed in every respiratory patient? a. Lung sounds b. Blood glucose levels c. Distal pulse, motor, sensation d. Orthostatic vital signs

a. Lung sounds

Your patient has a chronic respiratory condition. His stimulus to breathe is triggered by low oxygen levels in the blood. This is known as the ___________. a. hypoxic drive b. CO2 drive c. alternate drive d. COPD drive

a. hypoxic drive

Asthma is caused by a response of the: a. immune system. b. endocrine system. c. respiratory system. d. cardiovascular system.

a. immune system.

You are assisting an asthma patient with his prescribed metered-dose inhaler. After the patient takes a deep breath and depresses the inhaler, you should: a. instruct him to hold his breath for as long as he comfortably can. b. immediately reapply the oxygen mask and reassess his condition. c. advise him to exhale forcefully to ensure medication absorption. d. allow him to breathe room air and assess his oxygen saturation.

a. instruct him to hold his breath for as long as he comfortably can.

"PASTE" is an alternate assessment tool for ___________. a. respiratory patients b. cardiac patients c. stroke patients d. seizure patients

a. respiratory patients

In which of the following patients would the head tilt-chin lift maneuver be the MOST appropriate method of opening the airway? a. A 24-year-old male who is found unconscious at the base of a tree b. A 37-year-old female who is found unconscious in her bed c. A 45-year-old male who is semiconscious after falling 20 feet d. A 50-year-old male who is unconscious following head trauma

b. A 37-year-old female who is found unconscious in her bed

Which of the following statements regarding normal gas exchange in the lungs is correct? a. The oxygen content in the alveoli is highest during the exhalation phase. b. Oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across the alveolar walls and capillaries. c. The actual exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs in the capillaries. d. Blood that returns to the lungs from the body has low levels of carbon dioxide.

b. Oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across the alveolar walls and capillaries.

Which of the following conditions would be LEAST likely to result in hypoxia? a. Pleural effusion b. Severe anxiety c. Pulmonary edema d. Narcotic overdose

b. Severe anxiety

A 19-year-old female is found unconscious by her roommate. Your primary assessment reveals that her breathing is inadequate. As you insert an oropharyngeal airway, she begins to gag violently. You should: a. continue to insert the airway as you suction her oropharynx. b. remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx. c. insert the airway no further but leave it in place as a bite block. d. select a smaller oropharyngeal airway and attempt to insert it.

b. remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx.

The physical act of moving air into and out of the lungs is called: a. diffusion. b. ventilation. c. respiration. d. oxygenation.

b. ventilation.

Which of the following is MOST characteristic of adequate breathing? a. 22 breaths/min with an irregular pattern of breathing and cyanosis b. 20 breaths/min with shallow movement of the chest wall and pallor c. 24 breaths/min with bilaterally equal breath sounds and pink skin d. 30 breaths/min with supraclavicular retractions and clammy skin

c. 24 breaths/min with bilaterally equal breath sounds and pink skin

Which of the following structures is NOT found in the upper airway? a. Larynx b. Pharynx c. Bronchus d. Oropharynx

c. Bronchus

Which of the following is a genetic disorder that predisposes the patient to repeated lung infections? a. Celiac sprue b. Multiple sclerosis c. Cystic fibrosis d. Severe acute respiratory syndrome

c. Cystic fibrosis

Which of the following statements regarding breathing adequacy is correct? a. Patients with a grossly irregular breathing pattern usually do not require assisted ventilation. b. The single most reliable sign of breathing adequacy in the adult is his or her respiratory rate. c. Patients breathing shallowly may require assisted ventilation despite a normal respiratory rate. d. A patient with slow respirations and adequate depth will experience an increase in minute volume.

c. Patients breathing shallowly may require assisted ventilation despite a normal respiratory rate.

Treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) would MOST likely be contraindicated in which of the following situations? a. Pulmonary edema, history of hypertension, and anxiety b. Difficulty breathing, two-word dyspnea, and tachycardia c. Shortness of breath and a blood pressure of 76/56 mm Hg d. Conscious and alert patient with an oxygen saturation of 85%

c. Shortness of breath and a blood pressure of 76/56 mm Hg

During your assessment of a patient with respiratory distress, you hear wheezing when listening to breath sounds. This indicates: a. fluid in the alveoli. b. secretions in the airway. c. a lower airway obstruction. d. swelling of the upper airway

c. a lower airway obstruction.

Which of the following is the MOST reliable indicator of adequately performed bag-valve mask ventilations in an apneic adult with a pulse? a. Twenty breaths/min being delivered to the adult b. Decreased compliance when squeezing the bag c. Consistently increasing heart rate d. Adequate rise of the chest when squeezing the bag

d. Adequate rise of the chest when squeezing the bag

The nasopharyngeal airway is MOST beneficial because it: a. can effectively stabilize fractured nasal bones if it is inserted properly. b. is generally well tolerated in conscious patients with an intact gag reflex. c. effectively maintains the airway of a patient in cardiopulmonary arrest. d. can maintain a patent airway in a semiconscious patient with a gag reflex.

d. can maintain a patent airway in a semiconscious patient with a gag reflex.