EMT Chapter 12: Shock Quizzes and Tests

inadequate circulation of blood throughout the body is called

shock

In order to recognize and treat early shock, the EMT must ___________.

understand the pathophysiology of shock

Distributive shock occurs when:

widespread dilation of the blood vessels causes blood to pool in the vascular beds.

Which of the following patients is in decompensated shock?

A 20-year-old female with absent radial pulses and dilated pupils

Which of the following is the last measureable factor to change in shock?

Blood pressure

Which of the following is a nonhemorrhagic cause of hypovolemic shock?

Diarrhea

When should nonlifesaving interventions be performed for your multisystem trauma patient?

En route to the hospital

Cardiogenic shock may result from all of the following, EXCEPT:

Increased preload.

When treating a patient in shock from any cause, what is the first thing you should do?

Open and maintain the Airway

Distributive shock is the result of which of the following?

Poor vessel function

A 25-year-old unrestrained female struck the steering wheel with her chest when her car hit a tree while traveling at a high rate of speed. She has signs and symptoms of shock, which you suspect are the result of intrathoracic bleeding. Which of the following interventions will provide this patient with the greatest chance for survival?

Rapid transport to a trauma center

What is generally the best position to place a patient with cardiogenic shock?

Sitting/semi-sitting

Which of the following will assume control of involuntary functions during shock?

Sympathetic nervous system

What is perfusion?

The flow of blood through body tissues and vessels

Why is it most important to frequently reassess vital signs for a patient with possible shock?

To observe trends in the patient's condition

You are on the scene of an unresponsive patient struck by a vehicle. You have completed the primary assessment. What should you do next?

Transport the patient

Widespread vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, and bronchoconstriction are the result of ___________.

anaphylactic shock

food, medications and insects are common causes of

anaphylactic shock

a 20-year-old male has a large laceration to his wrist. he is holding a blood-soaked towel over the wound but it continues to bleed rapidly. You should:

apply a tourniquet proximal to wrist

A construction worker fell approximately 30 feet. He is semiconscious with rapid, shallow respirations. Further assessment reveals deformity to the thoracic region of his spine. His blood pressure is 70/50 mm Hg, his pulse is 66 beats/min and weak, and his skin is warm and dry. In addition to spinal immobilization and rapid transport, the MOST appropriate treatment for this patient includes:

assisted ventilation, thermal management, and elevation of the lower extremities.

when assessing a patient with signs and symptoms of shock, it is important to remember that:

blood pressure may be the last measurable factor to change in shock.

pulmonary edema and impaired ventilation occur during:

cardiogenic shock.

When treating an 80-year-old patient who is in shock, it is important to remember that:

changes in gastric motility may delay gastric emptying, which increases the risk for vomiting.

Capillary sphincters are:

circular muscular walls that regulate blood flow through the capillaries.

your patient is in shock, but the body's defense mechanisms are currently able to maintain adequate circulation. This is called

compensative shock

The body's attempt to maintain balance of all systems of the body is called ________.

homeostasis

In an acute injury setting, neurogenic shock is commonly accompanied by:

hypothermia.

All of the following conditions should make you suspect shock, EXCEPT:

ischemic stroke

Hypotension in a child with blunt or penetrating trauma is particularly significant because:

it often indicates the loss of half of his or her blood volume.

You suspect your patient is in shock. You note the patient's skin is pale. This is likely due to ___________.

peripheral vasoconstriction

Hypovolemic shock caused by severe burns is the result of a loss of:

plasma

Patients develop septic shock secondary to:

poor vessel function and severe volume loss.

Temporary, widespread vasodilation and syncope caused by a sudden nervous system reaction MOST accurately describes:

psychogenic shock.

shock due to severe infection is called

septic shock

To protect vital organs, the body compensates by directing blood flow away from organs that are more tolerant of low flow, such as:

the skin

which of the following injuries would most likely cause obstructive shock?

cardiac tamponade

your patient has a decreased cardiac output and poor myocardial conracilltity. This will likely lead to

cardiogenic shock

Shock is the result of:

hypoperfusion to the cells of the body.

A 59-year-old male presents with severe vomiting and diarrhea of 3 days' duration. He is confused and diaphoretic, and his radial pulses are absent. His blood pressure is 78/50 mm Hg. After applying supplemental oxygen, you should:

prepare for immediate transport.

Which of the following is indicated in almost every type of shock?

Administer high-flow oxygen

One of the primary waste products of normal cellular metabolism that must be removed from the body by the lungs is:

Carbon Dioxide

You arrive on scene to find a conscious 58-year-old woman sitting up and reporting severe chest pain and shortness of breath. She is anxious and tells you she feels like she is going to die. Physical examination shows that her skin is pale, cool, and clammy and her pulse is rapid, weak, and irregular. Her breathing is labored, with a respiratory rate of 28 breaths/min. Her SpO2 is 90%. Lung sounds show crackles in all fields. Blood pressure is 92/60 mm Hg. What is your differential diagnosis of this patient?

Cardiogenic shock

as you approach a patient lying at the side of the roadway, you observe severe bleeding from the leg. What should your fist action be?

Control the bleeding.

You are treating a patient presenting with labored breathing, absent peripheral pulses, and dilated pupils. These are indications of what?

Decompensated Shock

which of the following is only action that can prevent eventual death from a tension pneumothorax

Decompression of the injured side of the chest

A 27-year-old male was stabbed in the chest during a disagreement at a poker game. As you approach him, you see that a knife is impaled in his chest. Before you make physical contact with the patient, it is MOST important to:

Follow standard precautions.

What are the three components of the "perfusion triangle"

Heart, blood vessels, blood

Which of the following terms is used to describe a balance of all body systems?

Homeostasis

Which of the following is a potentially severe complication of neurogenic shock?

Hypothermia

Which of the following would MOST likely result in hemorrhagic shock?

Liver laceration.