EMT Chapter 2 Workforce Safety and Wellness quiz, EMS Chapter 3 Medical, Legal, and Ethical Issues Quiz, EMS Chapter 2 Quiz Workforce Safety and Wellness, Chapter 1 EMS Quiz- EMS Systems, EMT - Ch.4 - Communications and Documentations, EMT Test Bank...

The cervical spine is composed of ___________ vertebrae.

seven

Which of the following is MOST characteristic of adequate breathing in an adult?

Respirations of 20 breaths/min and bilateral chest movement

Which of the following statements would NOT be appropriate to say to the family of a dying patient? Select one: A. "Things will get better in time." B. "It is okay to be angry and sad." C. "This must be painful for you." D. "Tell me how you are feeling."

A. "Things will get better in time."

At what age does separation anxiety typically peak in infants and small children? Select one: A. 10 to 18 months B. 24 to 36 months C. 6 to 8 months D. 18 to 24 months

A. 10 to 18 months

The anterior fontanelle fuses together between the ages of: Select one: A. 9 and 18 months. B. 6 and 8 months. C. 7 and 14 months. D. 3 and 4 months.

A. 9 and 18 months.

Which of the following statements BEST uses the term distal​? A.The shoulder is distal to the elbow. B.The ankle is distal to the hip. C.The elbow is distal to the wrist. D.The nose is distal to the ear.

The ankle is distal to the hip.

Age-related changes in the renal system result in:

a decreased ability to clear wastes from the body and a decreased ability to conserve fluids when needed.

Negative-pressure breathing involves:

a drop in pressure within the chest cavity.

The brain connects to the spinal cord through a large opening at the base of the skull called the: A. foramen ovale. B. foramen magnum. C. vertebral foramen. D. spinous foramen.

foramen magnum.

The bony prominence on the lateral/superior aspect of the thigh is called the: A. sacral symphysis. B. iliac crest. C. sacroiliac joint. D. greater trochanter.

greater trochanter.

Vaccination against the hepatitis A virus is unnecessary if you:

have been infected with hepatitis in the past.

You and your partner arrive at the scene of a major motor vehicle crash. The driver, a young male, is severely entrapped in his car. He has an open head injury and massive facial trauma. He is unresponsive, is not breathing, and does not have a palpable carotid pulse. You should:

have your partner check for a pulse to confirm that the patient is deceased.

A patient would see a cardiologist for a problem with​ the: A.brain. B.stomach. C.bones. D.heart.

heart.

If the word part cardi appears in a​ word, then it relates to​ the: A.mouth. B.heart. C.lungs. D.nose.

heart.

A by-product of involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation is:

heat.

The vocal cords are located in the:

larynx.

Worn-out blood cells, foreign substances, and bacteria are filtered from the blood by the:

spleen.

If you use a waterless handwashing substitute in the field, it is important to:

wash your hands with soap and water at the hospital.

Which of the following will help improve radio communications?

Wait 1 second after pressing the transmit button before speaking

The simplest, yet most effective method of preventing the spread of an infectious disease is to: A. Ensure that your immunizations are up-to-date B. Undergo an annual physical exam C. Undergo annual testing for tuberculosis and hepatitis D. Wash your hands in between patient contacts

Wash your hands in between patient contacts

If you use a waterless hand washing substitute in the field, it is important to: A. Immediately dry your hands with a paper towel B. Wash your hands with soap and water at the hospital C. Wait at least 5 minutes before touching another patient D. Avoid donning another pair of gloves for at least 10 minutes

Wash your hands with soap and water at the hospital

The word part ​brady- in bradycardia is considered what part of a medical​ term? A.Phrase B.Root C.Prefix D.Suffix

Prefix

Which of the following organs is NOT part of the digestive system?

Kidney

Which of the following statements would NOT be appropriate to say to the family of a dying patient?

"Things will get better in time."

Common questions asked by patients with a serious illness or injury include all of the following, EXCEPT:

"Which hospital am I going to?"

The nervous system is subdivided into the

Central and peripheral systems

The maximum life expectancy for humans is estimated to be _______ years. A. 120 B. 78 C. 67 D. 56

A. 120

The _____ is connected to the intestine by the bile ducts.

liver

Together, the right and left lungs contain how many lobes? A. Three B. Six C. Five D. Four

Five

Bile is produced by the liver and concentrated and stored in the:

gallbladder.

The primary function of the heart is:

pumping blood throughout the body

Which of the following organs or structures lies within the retroperitoneal space?

Kidneys

Which of the following statements would NOT be appropriate to say to the family of a dying patient? A. "This must be painful for you" B. "Tell me how you are feeling" C. "Things will get better in time" D. "It is okay to be angry and sad"

"Things will get better in time"

Contraction of the right ventricle causes: A. a return of blood from the pulmonary veins. B. ejection of blood into the systemic circulation. C. closure of the mitral and aortic valves. D. blood to flow into the pulmonary circulation.

ejection of blood into the systemic circulation.

Which of the following is NOT a facial bone? A. Mastoid B. Maxilla C. Mandible D. Zygoma

A. Mastoid

A patients glucose level in his blood begins to drop. Which one of the following organs would be affected first?

Brain

All critical life functions are coordinated in which part of the brain?

Brain stem

All critical life functions are coordinated in which part of the brain? A. Cerebellum B. Gray matter C. Brain stem D. Cerebrum

Brain stem

A patient has a large accumulation of blood in the sac surrounding the heart. Which type of shock would this condition cause?

Obstructive

A patient has a large accumulation of blood in the sac surrounding the heart. Which type of shock would this condition cause? A. Hypovolemic B. Neurogenic C. Obstructive D. Cardiogenic

Obstructive

A patient is complaining of extreme dizziness and headache. Which one of the following conditions is most likely to be responsible for this complaint?

Occlusion of the carotid arteries

In the healthy heart, the electrical impulses that cause contraction of the cardiac muscle are initiated in the:

Sinoatrial node

Which of the following structures does NOT contain smooth muscle?

Skeletal system

A 89-year old patient has fallen in her living room and is complaining of left hip pain. as you approach, you note that she is on her back and her left leg is turned inward. When relaying this information to the receiving hospital, which one of the following statements should you make regarding her position?

Supine with medial rotation of the left lower extremity

What is the pressure exerted on the walls of the arteries when the left ventricle contracts?

Systolic

While you are on duty your partner asks you on a date and touches you inappropriately without your consent. You should: A. Tell your partner to quit kidding around and focus on the job B. Tell your partner to stop and report the incident to your supervisor C. Warn your partner you will report him if it happens again D. Notify law enforcement and have your partner arrested

Tell your partner to stop and report the incident to your supervisor

According to the CDC, recommended immunizations and tests include a: A. Smallpox vaccine every 5 years B.Tetanus/diphtheria/pertussis booster every 10 years C. TB skin test every 6 months D. Two-shot hepatitis A vaccination series

Tetanus/diphtheria/pertussis booster every 10 years

Which of the following statements regarding the heart is correct?

The heart is under the control of the autonomic nervous system.

Which of the following statements regarding the heart is correct? A. The heart can tolerate an interruption of oxygen for 5 minutes. B. The heart is under the control of the autonomic nervous system. C. The heart relies on an external electrical source to function correctly. D. The heart receives its blood supply from the pulmonary arteries.

The heart is under the control of the autonomic nervous system.

Which of the following is a specific example of the Mobile Integrated Healthcare (MIH) model A. Paramedics pick up a patient from an acute care clinic B. The paramedic administers a patient's flu vaccination C. EMTs assess a patient whose lung disease is "acting up" D. EMTs respond to a woman who complains of high fever

The paramedic administers a patient's flu vaccination

Which one of the following statements regarding the integumentary system is true

The skin protects the body against bacteria and other organisms

Which of the following statements regarding the different stages of the grieving process is correct? A. Bargaining is the most unpleasant stage B. The grieving process typically begins with severe depression C. The stages of the grieving process may occur simultaneously D. It is rare that people will jump back and forth between stages

The stages of the grieving process may occur simultaneously

Which of the following statements regarding the different stages of the grieving process is correct?

The stages of the grieving process may occur simultaneously.

The leaf-shaped flap of tissue that prevents food and liquid from entering the trachea is called the:

epiglottis

The elbow is an example of a ____________ joint.

hinge

The elbow is an example of a ____________ joint. A. ball-and-socket B. hinge C. saddle D. gliding

hinge

The ___________ is made up of the maxilla and zygoma, as well as the frontal bone of the cranium.

orbit

The ___________ is made up of the maxilla and zygoma, as well as the frontal bone of the cranium. A. sphenoid B. orbit C. mastoid D. occiput

orbit

A 75-year-old male with a terminal illness has died at home. As you and your partner enter the residence, a family member becomes verbally abusive, pushes you, and states that you took too long to get there. You should:

retreat and notify law enforcement personnel.

The abdominal quadrants include all of the following except​ the: A. left lower. B. right medial. C. right upper. D. left upper.

right medial.

The midline divides the body into​ the: A.right plane and the left plane. B.superior plane and the inferior plane. C.distal plane and the proximal plane. D.posterior plane and the inferior plane.

right plane and the left plane.

Cardiac output (CO) is affected by: A. blood pressure. B. heart rate only. C. stroke volume and heart rate. D. stroke volume only.

stroke volume and heart rate.

While you are on duty, your partner asks you out on a date and touches you in an inappropriate location without your consent. You should:

tell your partner to stop and report the incident to your supervisor.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), recommended immunizations and tests include a:

tetanus/diphtheria/pertussis booster every 10 years.

Atherosclerosis is defined as ________. A. constriction of the blood vessels B. the buildup of plaque inside blood vessels C. dilation of the arteries D. the blockage of a coronary arterytake

the blockage of a coronary artery

Large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are generated when:

the cells function with adequate oxygen.

Large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are generated when: A. circulating blood glucose levels fall. B. the cells function with adequate oxygen. C. carbon dioxide levels in the blood are high. D. the cells function without oxygen.

the cells function with adequate oxygen.

The pediatric airway differs from adult airways in that:

the child's tongue

You are caring for a 56-year-old male patient complaining of abdominal pain. Your service has recently switched to an electronic PCR system (ePCR). When completing the ePCR, it is important to be aware that:

the ePCR allows patient information to be transmitted directly to the receiving hospital's computers

The term anterior refers​ to: A.the middle. B.the side. C.the front. D.the back.

the front.

The smooth muscles that cause the artery to contract are found in the:

tunica media.

An infant or small child's airway can be occluded if it is overextended or overflexed because:

the occiput is proportionately large and the trachea is flexible.

You should use common terminology instead of medical terms or acronyms when communicating​ with: A.nurses. B.fellow EMTs. C.physicians. D.the patient.

the patient.

An EMT uses the abbreviation CPAP when speaking to another EMT. This is an appropriate use of an abbreviation​ because: A.any medical abbreviation is common parlance for EMTs. B.abbreviations are always​ preferred, because they save time in speaking. C.it is generally understood even by lay people that CPAP means continuous positive airway pressure. D.this is an abbreviation another EMT is likely to be familiar with.

this is an abbreviation another EMT is likely to be familiar with.

The smooth muscles that cause the artery to contract are found in the: A. tunica intima. B. lumen. C. tunica adventitia. D. tunica media.

tunica media.

Capillary sphincter closure during internal or external bleeding is detrimental because: A. available blood is shunted off to another venule while still carrying oxygen. B. high levels of oxygen remain in the cells and can cause significant damage. C. waste products are not removed and nutrients are not delivered to the cells. D. carbon dioxide and other waste can enter the cells, but oxygen cannot.

waste products are not removed and nutrients are not delivered to the cells.

Critical incident stress management (CISM) can occur at an ongoing scene in all of the following circumstances, EXCEPT:

when patients are actively being assessed or treated.

Gloves, a mask, eye protection, and a face shield should be used:

when performing endotracheal intubation.

The carpal bones form the:

wrist.

The carpal bones form the: A. hand. B. ankle. C. foot. D. wrist.

wrist.

The inferior cartilaginous tip of the sternum is called the:

xiphoid process.

The inferior cartilaginous tip of the sternum is called the: A. angle of Louis. B. jugular notch. C. xiphoid process. D. sternal notch.

xiphoid process.

A positive TB skin test indicates that:

you have been exposed to TB.8

While trying to make a family member feel better after a loved one has died, your partner states, "I know how you are feeling." The family members may view this as:

your partner's attempt to diminish their grief.

An example of a suffix that would be added to a medical root word to portray a reduction in size would​ be: A.-itic. B.-ic. C.-ac. D.​-ole.

​-ole

Which of the following statements is NOT appropriate to document in the narrative section of a PCR?

"General impression revealed that the patient was intoxicated."

Which of the following statements is MOST consistent with the bargaining phase of the grieving process?

"I will be compliant with all my medications if I can just see my grandson graduate."

Which of the following statements is MOST consistent with the bargaining phase of the grieving process? A. "I will be compliant with all of my medications if I can just see my grandson graduate" B. "It is because of our lousy health care system that I developed this brain tumor" C. "The doctors must be wrong in their diagnosis because I have always been healthy" D. "I understand that my death is inevitable and I am ready to die when the time comes"

"I will be compliant with all of my medications if I can just see my grandson graduate"

Common questions asked by patients with a serious illness or injury include all of the following, except: A. "Which hospital am I going to?" B. "What are you doing to me?" C. "Will I be permanently disabled?" D. "Am I going to die?"

"Which hospital am I going to?"

At rest, the normal adult heart rate should not exceed:

100 beats/min.

At rest, the normal adult heart rate should not exceed: A. 90 beats/min. B. 70 beats/min. C. 100 beats/min. D. 80 beats/min.

100 beats/min.

What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult? A. 40-60 breaths/min B. 25-50 breaths/min C. 12-20 breaths/min D. 15-30 breaths/min

12-20 breaths/min

How many bones comprise the face?

14

The human body should be functioning at its optimal level between the ages of: A. 18 and 22 years. B. 21 and 30 years. C. 25 and 35 years. D. 19 and 25 years.

19 and 25 years.

How many bones comprise the human skeleton?

206

The air you breathe is _______ oxygen, and the air you exhale is _______ oxygen.

21% and 16%

The coccyx is composed of ___________ (quantity) vertebrae fused together.

4

The lumbar spine is composed of ___________ (quantity) vertebrae.

5

The sacrum is composed of ___________ (quantity) vertebrae fused together.

5

there are a total of __ lobes in the right and left lungs

5

The average adult has approximately ___________ of blood in his or her vascular system.

6 L

The average adult has approximately ___________ of blood in his or her vascular system. A. 3 L B. 5 L C. 4 L D. 6 L

6 L

The average pulse rate of persons between 19 and 60 years of age is typically: A. 80 beats/min. B. 60 beats/min. C. 90 beats/min. D. 70 beats/min.

70 beats/min.

During each heartbeat, ___________ of blood is ejected from the adult heart, an amount called the stroke volume.

70 to 80 mL

During each heartbeat, ___________ of blood is ejected from the adult heart, an amount called the stroke volume. A. 40 to 50 mL B. 90 to 100 mL C. 70 to 80 mL D. 100 to 120 mL

70 to 80 mL

A critical incident stress debriefing should be conducted no more than ____ hours after the incident A. 24 B. 6 C. 12 D. 72

72

A critical incident stress debriefing should be conducted no more than ________ hours following the incident.

72

The anterior fontanelle fuses together between the ages of:

9 and 18 months.

A normal systolic blood pressure for a 30-year-old is between: A. 60 and 120 mm Hg. B. 80 and 120 mm Hg. C. 90 and 140 mm Hg. D. 70 and 140 mm Hg.

90 and 140 mm Hg.

Which of the following would provide the EMT the BEST cover in a situation involving active gunfire? A. A large cluster of shrubs B. Behind a car door C. Stacked empty barrels D. A concrete barricade

A concrete barricade

Which of the following would provide the EMT with the BEST cover in a situation involving active gunfire?

A concrete barricade

Which of the following patients has decision-making capacity and can legally refuse emergency medical treatment?

A conscious and alert woman with severe abdominal pain

Which of the following statements regarding a patient refusal is correct?

A mentally competent adult has the legal right to refuse EMS care and transport

Which of the following scenarios MOST accurately depicts abandonment?

A paramedic transfers patient care to an EMT.

Which of the following general statements regarding consent is correct? A. A patient can consent to transport but can legally refuse to be treated B. Expressed consent is valid only if given in writing by a family member C. All patients older than 18 years can legally refuse treatment or transport D. Patients who are intoxicated are generally allowed to refuse treatment

A patient can consent to transport but can legally refuse to be treated

(4.12) Which of the following statements regarding a patient refusal is MOST correct? A. A mentally competent adult has the legal right to refuse EMS care and transport. B. Advice given to a patient who refuses EMS treatment should not be documented. C. A patient who consumed a few beers will likely be able to refuse EMS treatment. D. Documentation of proposed care is unnecessary if the patient refuses treatment.

A. A mentally competent adult has the legal right to refuse EMS care and transport.

Which of the following statements regarding agonal respirations is correct? Select one: A. Agonal respirations are ineffective and need to be assisted. B. Agonal respirations typically occur before the heart stops. C. Agonal respirations result in excessive tidal volume. D. Agonal respirations are characterized by fast, irregular breaths.

A. Agonal respirations are ineffective and need to be assisted.

You should use a rigid _____, often called a Stokes litter, to carry a patient across uneven terrain from a remote location that is inaccessible by ambulance or other vehicle. Select one: A. basket stretcher B. scoop stretcher C. molded backboard D. flotation device

A. Basket stretcher

Which of the following statements regarding middle adults is correct? A. Cardiovascular health becomes an issue in this age group, as does the greater incidence of cancer. B. Women in the middle adult age group typically experience menopause in their late 50s or early 60s. C. Significant impairments in hearing and vision begin to occur in persons between the ages of 41 and 44 years. D. Increased cholesterol levels in the middle adult age group often do not respond to exercise and diet.

A. Cardiovascular health becomes an issue in this age group, as does the greater incidence of cancer.

Which part of the central nervous system is responsible for coordinating bodily movements such as writing or sewing? Select one: A. Cerebellum B. Brain stem C. Hypothalamus D. Cerebrum

A. Cerebellum

Which of the following is an effective stress management strategy? Select one: A. Developing a social network outside of EMS B. Frequently reflecting on troublesome calls C. Requesting overtime to occupy your mind D. Modestly increasing caffeine consumption

A. Developing a social network outside of EMS

While providing care to a patient, blood got onto the ambulance stretcher. Because the stretcher was not properly cleaned afterward, a virus was transmitted to another emergency medical technician (EMT) several days later. Which route of transmission does this scenario describe? Select one: A. Indirect contact B. Direct contact C. Vector-borne transmission D. Airborne transmission

A. Indirect contact

The elbow is an example of a ______ joint A. Hinge B. Gliding C. Ball-and-socket D. Saddle

A. Hinge

Which of the following is the MOST appropriate device to use when immobilizing a patient with a suspected spinal injury? Select one: A. Long backboard B. Scoop stretcher C. Portable stretcher D. Wheeled stretcher

A. Long backboard

Why do finances become an issue during middle adulthood? A. Middle adults are often supporting both their children and their parents. B. Middle adults make less money than early adults. C. Their deteriorating health makes it difficult to get to work. D. Hearing loss prevents them from working.

A. Middle adults are often supporting both their children and their parents.

Which of the following are noticeable characteristics of a 9-month-old infant? Select one: A. Places objects in the mouth, pulls himself or herself up B. Walks without help, becomes frustrated with restrictions C. Responds to his or her name, crawls around efficiently D. Knows his or her name, can walk without any assistance

A. Places objects in the mouth, pulls himself or herself up

Which of the following statements regarding plasma is correct? Select one: A. Plasma transports the blood cells and nutrients. B. Most of the body's plasma is contained within the large veins. C. Plasma has no role in the body's blood-clotting mechanism. D. Approximately 45% of the blood is composed of plasma.

A. Plasma transports the blood cells and nutrients.

Which of the following is a physical change that typically occurs in the adolescent age group? Select one: A. Secondary sexual development begins. B. Muscle and bone growth both decrease. C. The systolic blood pressure decreases. D. The normal pulse rate steadily increases.

A. Secondary sexual development begins.

(4.14) Which of the following statements regarding standing orders is MOST Correct? A. Standing orders should be followed when physician contact is not possible. B. Standing orders have less legal authority than orders given via radio. C. Standing orders require you to contact medical control first. D. Standing orders only highlight the care that you may provide.

A. Standing orders should be followed when physician contact is not possible.

What happens when blood volume is lost from the body? A. The arteries contract to increase the blood pressure. B. The veins dilate to increase systemic perfusion. C. Arterial blood is diverted to the skin and muscles. D. Widespread vasodilation causes blood pressure to decrease.

A. The arteries contract to increase the blood pressure

Which of the following statements regarding patient weight distribution is correct? A. The majority of a horizontal patient's weight is in the torso. B. Most of the patient's weight rests on the foot end of the stretcher. C. A semi-sitting patient's weight is equally distributed on both ends. D. The EMT at the patient's head will bear the least amount of weight.

A. The majority of a horizontal patient's weight is in the torso.

Which of the following statements regarding patient weight distribution is correct? Select one: A. The majority of a horizontal patient's weight is in the torso. B. Most of the patient's weight rests on the foot end of the stretcher. C. A semi-sitting patient's weight is equally distributed on both ends. D. The EMT at the patient's head will bear the least amount of weight.

A. The majority of a horizontal patient's weight is in the torso.

Which of the following describes the Moro reflex? Select one: A. The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled. B. An infant's heart rate decreases secondary to hypoxia because he or she depends heavily on the heart rate to perfuse the body. C. When the sole of the foot is stroked with a blunt object, the big toe lifts upward and the other toes fan outward. D. When something touches a neonate's cheek, he or she instinctively turns his or her head toward the touch.

A. The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled.

An EMT may injure his or her back, even if it is straight, if the: Select one: A. back is bent forward at the hips. B. hands are held close to the legs. C. shoulder is aligned over the pelvis. D. force is exerted straight down the spine.

A. back is bent forward at the hips.

(4.11) When relaying patient information via radio, communications should be: A. brief and easily understood. B. spoken in a loud voice. C. lengthy and complete. D. coded and scripted.

A. brief and easily understood.

The spread of HIV and hepatitis in the health care setting can usually be traced to: Select one: A. careless handling of sharps. B. a lack of proper immunizations. C. excessive blood splashing or splattering. D. a noncompliance with standard precautions.

A. careless handling of sharps.

If a patient's chest barely moves during inhalation, even if the patient's respiratory rate is normal, you should suspect that: A. minute volume is decreased. B. expiratory reserve volume is decreased. C. overall tidal volume is increased. D. inspiratory reserve is increased.

A. minute volume is decreased

(4.40) Two-way communication that requires the EMT to "push to talk" and "release to listen" describes what mode of communication? A. simplex B. multiplex C. mediplex D. duplex

A. simplex

The electrical impulse of the heart normally begins at the: A. Sinoatrial node B. Bundle of His C. Purkinje fibers D. Atrioventricular node

A. sinoatrial node

The axial skeleton is composed of the: Select one: A. skull, face, thorax, and vertebral column. B. lower part of the torso and the legs. C. arms, legs, and pelvis. D. bones that constitute the pelvic girdle.

A. skull, face, thorax, and vertebral column.

With increasing age, the heart must work harder to move the blood effectively because: A. the blood vessels become stiff. B. the arteries dilate significantly. C. diastolic blood pressure decreases. D. the blood thickens as a person ages.

A. the blood vessels become stiff.

Urine is transported from the kidneys to the urinary bladder via the: A. ureters. B. renal duct. C. urethra. D. prostate.

A. ureters

If you use a waterless handwashing substitute in the field, it is important to: Select one: A. wash your hands with soap and water at the hospital. B. immediately dry your hands with a paper towel. C. wait at least 5 minutes before touching another patient. D. avoid donning another pair of gloves for at least 10 minutes.

A. wash your hands with soap and water at the hospital.

While trying to make a family member feel better after a loved one has died, your partner uses trite statements. The family members may view this as: Select one: A. your partner's attempt to diminish their grief. B. a show of respect for the person who has died. C. coaching them through the grieving process. D. your partner's caring and supportive attitude.

A. your partner's attempt to diminish their grief.

Which of the following are the abdominal regions created by drawing two imaginary lines intersecting at the​ navel? A. Abdominal planes B. Abdominal sextants C. Abdominal regions D. Abdominal quadrants

Abdominal quadrants

The final stage of death and dying MOST commonly takes the form of: A. Denial B. Acceptance C. Depression D. Anger

Acceptance

Which of the following statements regarding agonal respirations is correct?

Agonal respirations are ineffective and need to be assisted.

When decontaminating the back of your ambulance after a call, you should: A. Clean all surfaces and patient contact areas with a mixture of alcohol and water B. Spray the contaminated areas and immediately wipe them dry with a towel C. Use a bleach solution and water solution at a 1:2 dilution ratio to thoroughly wipe all surfaces D. Allow surfaces to air dry unless otherwise indicated in the product directions

Allow surfaces to air dry unless otherwise indicated in the product directions

You and your partner respond to the residence of a 66-year-old male with shortness of breath. As you are assessing the patient, his wife tells you that he was recently diagnosed with lung cancer. The patient is verbally abusive and tells you that failure of the health care system caused his disease. Which stage of the grieving process is this patient's behavior consistent with?

Anger

As an EMT, the performance of your duties will be compared to that of: A. A paramedic supervisor B. The general public C. Another EMT D. The medical director

Another EMT

What is another term for the frontal aspect of the​ body? A.Dorsal B.Anterior C.Posterior D.Caudal

Anterior

A patient regains consciousness en route from his office to the emergency department. The patient tells you that he feels fine and does not want to go to the hospital. Under these circumstances you should: A. have the patient sign a refusal form and return him to his office B. Assess whether the patient's mental condition is impaired C. Request that the police place the patient under protective custody D. Document the patient's request but continue to transport him

Assess whether the patient's mental condition is impaired

Common factors that influence how a patient reacts to stress of an illness or injury include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. Fear of medical personnel B. History of chronic disease C. Mental disorders D. Assessment by the EMT

Assessment by the EMT

Which of the following situations requires you to notify the appropriate authorities?

Attempted suicide

Which of the following interventions is used by all levels of EMS providers? A. Automatic transport ventilators B. Multilumen airways C. Needle decompression D. Automated external defibrillator

Automated external defibrillator

According to the National EMS Scope of Practice Model, an EMT would require special permission from the medical director and the state EMS office to: A. use an automatic transport ventilator. B. insert a peripheral intravenous catheter. C. apply and interpret data from a pulse oximeter. D. give aspirin to a patient with chest pain. Incorrect

B

An EMS provider who has extensive training in various aspects of advanced life support (ALS) is called a(n): A.) EMT. B.) paramedic. C.) advanced EMT (AEMT). D.) EMR.

B

Continuing education in EMS serves to: A.) prove research and statistical findings in prehospital care. B.) maintain, update, and expand your knowledge and skills. C.) enforce mandatory attendance to agency-specific training. D.) provide an ongoing review and audit of the EMS system.

B

The EMT is legally obligated to protect a patient's privacy according to _____________. A. DCAP B. HIPAA C. CQI D. APGAR

B

Abnormalities in metabolism are MOST likely to be caused by dysfunction of the: A pancreas. B thyroid gland. C adrenal gland. D parathyroid gland.

B thyroid gland

You are dispatched to a public park in the middle of a sprawling for an arm injury. You arrive to find a crying 8-year-old boy cradling his swollen deformed left forearm. His friends tell you that he was holding onto the bars of the play structure and that his arm 'snapped' when he jumped into the sand below. You would expect to find a respiratory rate of between _______ and _______ breaths/min with this patient. A. 12; 20 B. 15; 20 C. 10; 15 D. 20; 30

B. 15; 20

At what age can an infant normally start tracking objects with his or her eyes and recognizing familiar faces? A. 7 months B. 2 months C. 4 months D. 10 months

B. 2 months

Kidney function declines by _______ between the ages of 20 and 90 years. A. 10% B. 50% C. 45% D. 20%

B. 50%

The pulse rate of a child from ages 6 to 12 years is approximately: A. 60 to 100 beats/min. B. 70 to 120 beats/min. C. 90 to 140 beats/min. D. 100 to 150 beats/min.

B. 70 to 120 beats/min.

Stimulation of alpha-adrenergic receptors results in: A. Dilation of the blood vessels B. Constriction of the blood vessels C. Increased cardiac contractility D. Increased heart rate

B. Constriction of the blood vessels

A school-age child looking for approval from his peers and society is demonstrating what kind of reasoning? A. Preconventional reasoning B. Conventional reasoning C. Postconventional reasoning D. Trust and mistrust

B. Conventional reasoning

Which of the following are central pulses? Select one: A. Popliteal and ulnar B. Femoral and carotid C. Brachial and radial D. Temporal and pedal

B. Femoral and carotid

The body's backup system of respiratory control, which is based on low concentrations of oxygen in the blood is called the: A. Hypocarbic drive B. Hypoxic drive C. Pneumotaxic drive D. Oxyhemoglobin drive

B. Hypoxic drive

Which of the following is NOT true of the lymphatic system? A. It relies on muscle movement to circulate lymph. B. Its vessels closely parallel the major arteries in the body. C. It circulates waste products of metabolism away from cells. D. It circulates oxygen, nutrients and hormones to the cells.

B. Its vessels closely parallel the major arteries in the body

Which of the following statements regarding the hepatitis B vaccine is correct? Select one: A. Vaccination against hepatitis B provides partial immunity for life. B. OSHA requires that your employer offer you the vaccine free of charge. C. The hepatitis B vaccine provides protection against the disease for 2 years. D. Vaccination with the hepatitis B vaccine confers immunity against hepatitis A.

B. OSHA requires that your employer offer you the vaccine free of charge.

A patient has a large accumulation of blood in the sac surrounding the heart. Which type of shock would this condition cause? A. Hypovolemic B. Obstructive C. Cardiogenic D. Neurogenic

B. Obstructive

The MOST serious consequence of a poorly planned or rushed patient move is: A. unnecessarily wasting time. B. injury to you or your patient. C. confusion among team members. D. causing patient anxiety or fear.

B. injury to you or your patient.

The large, flat, triangular bone that overlies the posterior thoracic wall is called the: A. Clavicle B. Scapula C. Acromion D. Glenoid

B. Scapula

Which organ lies in the lateral and posterior portion of the left upper quadrant of the abdomen? A. Cecum B. Spleen C. Liver D. Stomach

B. Spleen

(4.37) Which of the following statements regarding communication with a child is MOST Correct? A. Give the child minimal information to avoid scaring him or her. B. Standing over a child often increases his or her level of anxiety. C. Most children are intrigued by strangers wearing uniforms. D. Unlike adults, children cannot see through lies or deceptions.

B. Standing over a child often increases his or her level of anxiety.

Which of the following statements regarding the heart is correct? Select one: A. The heart can tolerate an interruption of oxygen for 5 minutes. B. The heart is under the control of the autonomic nervous system. C. The heart relies on an external electrical source to function correctly. D. The heart receives its blood supply from the pulmonary arteries.

B. The heart is under the control of the autonomic nervous system.

Which of the following statements regarding the different stages of the grieving process is correct? A. The grieving process typically begins with severe depression. B. The stages of the grieving process may occur simultaneously. C. Bargaining is the most unpleasant stage of the grieving process. D. It is rare that people will jump back and forth between stages.

B. The stages of the grieving process may occur simultaneously.

Which of the following statements regarding HIV is correct? Select one: A. HIV is far more contagious than hepatitis B. B. There is no vaccine against HIV infection. C. HIV is easily transmittable in the EMS field. D. HIV is transmitted exclusively via blood.

B. There is no vaccine against HIV infection.

What is the function of the fallopian tubes? A. To connect the ovaries B. To transport a mature egg to the uterus C. To supply blood to the uterine lining D. To produce progesterone and estrogen

B. To transport a mature egg to the uterus

Age-related changes in the renal system result in: Select one: A. the formation of large amounts of urine secondary to an increase in kidney mass of up to 20%. B. a decreased ability to clear wastes from the body and a decreased ability to conserve fluids when needed. C. a significant increase in filtration, which causes the excretion of large amounts of water from the body. D. dilation of the blood vessels that supply the nephrons, which allows the kidneys to maintain their function.

B. a decreased ability to clear wastes from the body and a decreased ability to conserve fluids when needed.

When assessing an 80-year-old patient in shock, it is important to remember that: A. it is common to see a more significant increase in heart rate than what would be expected in younger adults. B. age-related changes in the cardiovascular system may make the patient less able to compensate for decreased perfusion. C. the patient's cardiac output is able to increase by nearly 200% in response to the decrease in perfusion. D. in older adults, it is especially common to observe a significant decrease in heart rate in response to shock.

B. age-related changes in the cardiovascular system may make the patient less able to compensate for decreased perfusion.

Vector-borne transmission of an infectious organism occurs via: A. direct contact. B. animals or insects. C. inanimate objects. D. smoke or dust.

B. animals or insects.

The waste products of aerobic metabolism include: A. glucose and lactic acid. B. carbon dioxide and water. C. ATP and glucose. D. uric acid and nitrogen.

B. carbon dioxide and water

It is essential that you ____________ your equipment to prevent the spread of disease. Select one: A. throw out B. decontaminate C. incinerate D. properly store

B. decontaminate

Which of the following signs would indicate that your partner is experiencing significant stress? Select one: A. increased interest in daily activities B. isolation from the rest of the crew C. hyperactivity during an EMS call D. acute increase in his or her appetite

B. isolation from the rest of the crew

To protect a restrained patient and prevent him from using leverage to break free, the EMT should secure __________. A. both arms above the head B. one arm above the head C. both arms at the patient's sides D. only the patient's torso

B. one arm above the head

The exocrine gland of the pancreas secretes: Select one: A. insulin. B. pancreatic juice. C. glucose. D. bile.

B. pancreatic juice.

(4.22) A ___________ receives messages and signals on one frequency and then automatically retransmits them on a second frequency. A. decoder B. repeater C. scanner D. duplex

B. repeater

The _________ is both the mechanical weight-bearing base of the spinal column and the fused central posterior section of the pelvic girdle. A. coccyx B. sacrum C. ischium D. thorax

B. sacrum

As you and your partner are carrying a stable patient down a flight of stairs in a stair chair, you feel a sudden, sharp pain in your lower back. You should: Select one: A. reposition your hands and continue to move the patient. B. stop the move and request additional lifting assistance. C. guide your partner while moving the chair backwards. D. stop the move and have the patient walk down the stairs.

B. stop the move and request additional lifting assistance.

Cardiac output is composed​ of: A. blood pressure. B. stroke volume and heart rate. C. systemic vascular resistance​ (SVR) and heart rate. D. blood pressure and heart rate

B. stroke volume and heart rate.

Older adults frequently ___________. Select one: A. are able to increase their muscle mass B. take multiple medications C. experience a decrease in body fat as they age D. are unable to overcome medical problems

B. take multiple medications

To facilitate a safe and coordinated move, the team leader should: Select one: A. be positioned at the feet so the team can hear. B. use preparatory commands to initiate any moves. C. speak softly but clearly to avoid startling the patient. D. never become involved in the move, only direct the move.

B. use preparatory commands to initiate any moves.

A positive TB skin test indicates that: Select one: A. you have never been exposed to TB. B. you have been exposed to the disease. C. you are actively infected with the disease. D. the disease is dormant and may become active.

B. you have been exposed to the disease.

Which of the following statements regarding nervous system control of the cardiovascular system is correct?

Baroreceptors located throughout the body provide information to the brain regarding the blood pressure.

Which of the following statements regarding nervous system control of the cardiovascular system is correct? A.) When stimulated, the parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for increasing the heart rate. B.) Alpha-adrenergic receptors are located exclusively in the heart and are stimulated by epinephrine. C.) Baroreceptors located throughout the body provide information to the brain regarding the blood pressure. D.) The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems work together to perform the same function.

Baroreceptors located throughout the body provide information to the brain regarding the blood pressure.

Involuntary or smooth muscles are found on which one of the following structures?

Blood vessels and intestines

American Heart Association protocols are based on __________. A. theories ready for field trial B. trends in the EMS community C. evidence-based research D. opinions from a core group of cardiologists

C

Cardiac monitoring, pharmacologic interventions, and other advanced treatment skills are functions of the: A. AEMT. B. EMT. C. paramedic. D. EMR.

C

The major goal of quality improvement is to ensure that: a. quarterly audits of the EMS system are performed b. EMT's have received BLS/CPR training c. the public receives the highest standard of care d. the proper information is received in the billing department

C

Which of the following scenarios involves the administration of ALS? A. A 53-year-old patient who is assisted with his prescribed nitroglycerin B. A 64-year-old patient who is given aspirin for suspected cardiac chest pain C. A 48-year-old patient whose airway is secured with a supraglottic device D. A 61-year-old patient who is receiving humidified supplemental oxygen

C

Which of the following skills would a layperson MOST likely be trained to perform before arrival of EMS? A. Insertion of an oropharyngeal airway B. Administration of supplemental oxygen C. Bleeding control using a tourniquet D. Obtaining a manual blood pressure Incorrect

C

You are caring for a driver who struck a light pole. She admits to drinking alcohol but orders you not to tell anyone. You should report the information to __________. a. the state motor vehicle department b. law enforcement personnel c. the receiving nurse or doctor d. your medical director

C

Bile is produced by the liver and concentrated and stored in the: A. stomach. B. kidneys. C. gallbladder. D. pancreas.

C gallbladder

When pulling a patient, you should extend your arms no more than ________ in front of your torso. Select one: A. 5 to 10 inches B. 10 to 15 inches C. 15 to 20 inches D. 20 to 30 inches

C. 15 to 20 inches

The human body should be functioning at its optimal level between the ages of: Select one: A. 25 and 35 years. B. 21 and 30 years. C. 19 and 25 years. D. 18 and 22 years.

C. 19 and 25 years.

The term​ "pathophysiology" means​ what? A. The effects of cancer on the body B. The study of the pathway of normal metabolism in the body C. Changes in normal physiology due to disease or injury D. The effect of normal metabolic activity on maintaining the​ body's systems

C. Changes in normal physiology due to disease or injury

Which of the following systems is responsible for releasing hormones that regulate body activities? A. Reproductive B. Skeletal C. Endocrine D. Nervous

C. Endocrine

Together, the right and left lungs contain how many lobes? Select one: A. Three B. Six C. Five D. Four

C. Five

Which of the following organs or structures lies within the retroperitoneal space? Select one: A. Ascending aorta B. Spleen C. Kidneys D. Gallbladder

C. Kidneys

An 81-year-old female fell and struck her head. You find the patient lying on her left side. She is conscious and complains of neck and upper back pain. As you are assessing her, you note that she has a severely kyphotic spine. What is the MOST appropriate method of immobilizing this patient? A. Apply a cervical collar and place her in a sitting position on the wheeled stretcher. B. Immobilize her in a supine position on a long backboard and secure her with straps. C. Leave her on her side and use blanket rolls to immobilize her to the long backboard. D. Move her to a supine position and immobilize her with a scoop stretcher and padding.

C. Leave her on her side and use blanket rolls to immobilize her to the long backboard.

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin? A. Pressure and pain perception B. Sensory reception C. Metabolic coordination D. Temperature regulation

C. Metabolic coordination

Which of the following is MOST characteristic of adequate breathing in an adult? Select one: A. Use of the accessory muscles in the neck and cyanosis B. Cool, clammy skin and retractions above the clavicles C. Respirations of 20 breaths/min and bilateral chest movement D. Respirations of 30 breaths/min and reduced tidal volume

C. Respirations of 20 breaths/min and bilateral chest movement

The part of the brain that controls the left side of the body is the: A. Left-side cerebrum B. Left parietal lobe C. Right-side cerebrum D. Right temporal lobe

C. Right-side cerebrum

What is 'vital capacity'? A. The volume of blood moved by each contraction of the heart B. The maximum thickness of the meninges C. The volume of air moved during the deepest points of respiration D. The amount of air left in the lungs following exhalation

C. The volume of air moved during the deepest points of respiration

The femoral head forms a ball-and-socket joint with the: Select one: A. femoral condyle. B. ilium. C. acetabulum. D. ischium.

C. acetabulum.

The major artery that supplies all other arteries with blood is the: Select one: A. brachial. B. carotid. C. aorta. D. femoral.

C. aorta.

Diastolic blood pressure tends to _______ with age. A. decrease B. compensate C. increase D. decompensate

C. increase

An EMT may injure his or her back, even if it is straight, if the: A. shoulder is aligned over the pelvis. B. hands are held close to the legs. C. back is bent forward at the hips. D. force is exerted straight down the spine.

C. back is bent forward at the hips.

(4.26) The patient care report (PCR) ensures: A. legal protection. B. quality assurance. C. continuity of care. D. research data.

C. continuity of care.

The artery that can be palpated on the anterior surface of the foot is the: A. Anterior tibial B. Posterior tibial C. Dorsalis pedis D. Ventral pedis

C. dorsalis pedis

When considering his or her personal life, it is important for the EMT to realize that: Select one: A. he or she should not discuss stressful issues with family members. B. shift work is the least stressful type of an EMS-related work schedule. C. family or friends may not understand the stress associated with EMS. D. it is more difficult to effectively relax at home than it is while on duty

C. family or friends may not understand the stress associated with EMS.

You are attending to a 34-year-old male patient who requires transport to the hospital for assessment of his chronic back pain. The patient weighs over 750 pounds. Your bariatric stretcher has a wider surface area to allow for: A. better stability when moving the patient on uneven ground. B. increased stability and leverage when lifting with more than two providers. C. increased patient comfort and dignity. D. increased lifting capacity and patient weight load.

C. increased patient comfort and dignity.

In contrast to typical wheeled ambulance stretchers, features of a bariatric stretcher include: A. a collapsible undercarriage. B. weight capacity of up to 650 lb. C. increased stability from a wider wheelbase. D. two safety rails on both sides of the stretcher.

C. increased stability from a wider wheelbase.

After assessing a patient's blood glucose level, you accidentally stick yourself with the contaminated lancet. You should: Select one: A. discontinue patient care and seek medical attention. B. get immunized against hepatitis as soon as possible. C. report the incident to your supervisor after the call. D. immerse your wound in an alcohol-based solution.

C. report the incident to your supervisor after the call.

(4.18) You could be sued for ___________ if your radio report to the hospital describes the patient in a manner that injures his or her reputation. A. assault B. negligence C. slander D. libel

C. slander

Cardiac output (CO) is affected by: Select one: A. blood pressure. B. heart rate only. C. stroke volume and heart rate. D. stroke volume only.

C. stroke volume and heart rate.

Which of the following infectious diseases confers no protection from reinfection after exposure? Select one: A. mumps B. rubella C. syphilis D. chickenpox

C. syphilis

The spinal column is composed of what sections as described from superior to inferior

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccyx

You are called to attend an elderly patient with an extensive medical history who is now in cardiac arrest. The patient's family tells you that the patient has a DNR order. There is no paperwork available but the patient does have a MedicAlert bracelet indicating Do Not Resuscitate. You should: A. Initiate resuscitation in the absence of paperwork B. Transport with minimal care C. Confirm the patients identity and honor the DNR order D. Confirm the patients identity and then confirm the DNR by calling the MedicAlert Foundation number on the bracelet

Confirm the patients identity and then confirm the DNR by calling the MedicAlert Foundation number on the bracelet

A patient informs you that he has injured a tendon in his knee three years ago and has had a difficult time walking since. You should recognize that this injury involves a structure that:

Connects muscles to the knee

EMT training in nearly every state meets or exceeds the guidelines recommended by the: A, National Registry of EMTs. B. individual state's EMS protocols. C. National Association of EMTs. D. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)

D

If an EMT candidate has been convicted of a felony or misdemeanor, he or she should: A.) wait at least 24 months before taking another state-approved EMT class. B.) send an official request to the National Registry of EMT (NREMT) to seek approval to take the EMT exam. C.) recognize that any such conviction will disqualify him or her from EMT licensure. D.) contact the state EMS office and provide them with the required documentation.

D

Online medical control requires __________. A. the presence of an advanced-level provider B. a physician's presence on the scene of the call C. written protocols approved by medical control D. phone or radio contact with the medical director

D

Prehospital patient care decisions should be based on __________. A. the opinions of physicians B. an EMS agency's fiscal resources C. the experiences of EMTs D. EMS research

D

The ability to handle multiple tasks based on their priority is called __________. A. patient advocacy B. patient empathy C. integrity D. time management

D

The ability to take appropriate action with little direction is known as __________. A. time management B. diplomacy C. self-confidence D. self-motivation

D

The determination that prompt surgical care in the hospital is more important than performing time-consuming procedures in the field on a major trauma patient is based MOSTLY on: A. regional trauma guidelines. B. local protocols. C. the lead EMT's decision. D. EMS research.

D

Which of the following interventions is used by all levels of EMS providers? A. Multilumen airways B. Automatic transport ventilators C. Needle decompression D. Automated external defibrillator

D

Which of the following is a specific example of the Mobile Integrated Healthcare (MIH) model? A. EMTs respond to a woman who complains of high fever B. Paramedics pick up a patient from an acute care clinic C. EMTs assess a patient whose lung disease is "acting up" D. The paramedic administers a patient's flu vaccination

D

Which of the following scenarios MOST accurately depicts a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) reaction? Select one: A. An EMT is emotionally exhausted and depressed after a school bus crash involving critical injuries and the death of several children. B. An EMT with many years of field experience becomes irritable with her coworkers and experiences headaches and insomnia. C. A newly certified EMT becomes extremely nauseated and diaphoretic at the scene of an incident involving grotesque injuries. D. An EMT becomes distracted at the scene of a motor vehicle crash involving the same type of car in which a child was previously killed.

D. An EMT becomes distracted at the scene of a motor vehicle crash involving the same type of car in which a child was previously killed.

(4.3) You and your partner are attempting to resuscitate a middle-aged female in cardiac arrest. Because of the remote location you are in, you are unable to contact medical control. What should you do? A. Make continuous attempts to contact medical control. B. Perform CPR only and initiate immediate transport. C. Ask the husband if he wants to continue resuscitation. D. Follow locally established protocols or standing orders.

D. Follow locally established protocols or standing orders.

(4.10) You are transporting a 54-year-old male in cardiac arrest. An EMR is driving the ambulance as you and your partner attempt to resuscitate the patient. What is the MOST logical way of notifying the hospital? A. Call the receiving hospital with your cellular phone as you attempt resuscitation. B. Wait until you arrive at the hospital and then quickly apprise them of the situation. C. Request that a police officer respond to the hospital to apprise them of your arrival. D. Have the driver contact dispatch and relay the patient information to the hospital.

D. Have the driver contact dispatch and relay the patient information to the hospital.

Which of the following is NOT a common factor that would affect a 75-year-old patient's vital signs? Select one: A. Medical conditions B. Overall health C. Medications D. Increased weight

D. Increased weight

(4.39) Which of the following statements regarding a "dedicated line" is MOST Correct? A. It is a designated frequency on a portable radio that provides direct access to medical control. B. It is a constantly open line of communication that is under exclusive control of a single user. C. It is an exclusive frequency that is used by EMTs to communicate with each other in the field. D. It is a constantly open line of communication that cannot be accessed by outside users.

D. It is a constantly open line of communication that cannot be accessed by outside users.

Which of the following is the MOST appropriate device to use when immobilizing a patient with a suspected spinal injury? A. Scoop stretcher B. Wheeled stretcher C. Portable stretcher D. Long backboard

D. Long backboard

Which set of nerves is responsible for carrying information from the body to the central nervous system? Select one: A. Motor B. Vertebral C. Cranial D. Sensory

D. Sensory

Which of the following structures does NOT contain smooth muscle? A. Urinary system B. Gastrointestinal tract C. Blood vessels D. Skeletal system

D. Skeletal system

Why do middle adults commonly experience financial concerns? A.. They are typically receiving social security and must budget with a fixed income. B. Most people in the middle adult age group have chronic illnesses and cannot work. C. The majority of middle adults still have small children who live at home with them. D. The are preparing for retirement but must still manage everyday financial demands.

D. The are preparing for retirement but must still manage everyday financial demands.

You are summoned to a convalescent center for an 88-year-old female with an altered mental status. A staff nurse advises you that the patient has terminal cancer and her physician stated that she would probably die within the next few hours; a valid do not resuscitate (DNR) order is presented to you. When caring for this patient, you should: Select one: A. depart the scene and allow her to die with dignity. B. start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) if she experiences cardiopulmonary arrest. C. provide no interventions and transport to the hospital. D. make her comfortable and provide emotional support.

D. make her comfortable and provide emotional support.

The final stage of death and dying is MOST commonly displayed as: Select one: A. anger. B. denial. C. depression. D. acceptance.

D. acceptance.

When caring for the parents of a child who has died of leukemia, the EMT should: Select one: A. immediately refer them to a counselor. B. tell them that their feelings are understood. C. refrain from using words such as "died" or "dead." D. acknowledge the death of their child in private.

D. acknowledge the death of their child in private.

The BEST way to reduce your risk of contracting a work-related disease following exposure is to: Select one: A. vigorously wash the affected area with an antimicrobial solution. B. be evaluated by a physician within 72 hours following the exposure. C. get vaccinated against the disease you think you were exposed to. D. activate your department's infection control plan as soon as possible.

D. activate your department's infection control plan as soon as possible.

When you are communicating with an older patient, it is important to remember that: Select one: A. deafness and blindness are a normal part of the process of aging. B. the majority of older patients experience a loss of low-frequency hearing. C. most older patients are confused due to a decrease in brain cells. D. age-related changes diminish the effectiveness of the eyes and ears.

D. age-related changes diminish the effectiveness of the eyes and ears.

(4.1) During your assessment of a 20-year-old man with a severe headache and nausea, you ask him when his headache began, but he does not answer your question immediately. You should A. tell him that you cannot help him unless he answers your questions. B. ask him if he frequently experiences severe headaches and nausea. C. repeat your question because he probably did not hear you. D. allow him time to think about the question and respond to it.

D. allow him time to think about the question and respond to it.

Breathing occurs as the result of a(n): A. Increase in oxygen, which decreases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid B. Decrease in carbon dioxide, which increases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid C. Decrease in oxygen, which increases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid D. Increase in carbon dioxide, which decreases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid

D. increase in carbon dioxide, which decreases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid

In late adults, the amount of air left in the lungs after expiration of the maximum amount of air: Select one: A. decreases, resulting in widespread collapsing of the alveoli and impaired diffusion of gases. B. remains unchanged because the lungs have become accustomed to years of breathing pollution. C. decreases, which increases diffusion in the lungs and causes an accumulation of carbon dioxide. D. increases, which hampers diffusion of gases because of the stagnant air that remains in the alveoli.

D. increases, which hampers diffusion of gases because of the stagnant air that remains in the alveoli.

To minimize the risk of injuring yourself when lifting or moving a patient, you should: A. flex at the waist instead of the hips. B. use a direct carry whenever possible. C. avoid the use of log rolls or body drags. D. keep the weight as close to your body as possible.

D. keep the weight as close to your body as possible.

To minimize the risk of injuring yourself when lifting or moving a patient, you should: Select one: A. flex at the waist instead of the hips. B. avoid the use of log rolls or body drags. C. use a direct carry whenever possible. D. keep the weight as close to your body as possible.

D. keep the weight as close to your body as possible.

The proper technique for using the power grip is to: A. rotate your palms down. B. position your hands about 6² apart. C. hold the handle with your fingers. D. lift with your palms up.

D. lift with your palms up.

To protect a restrained patient and prevent him from using leverage to break free, the EMT should secure __________. Select one: A. both arms above the head B. both arms at the patient's sides C. only the patient's torso D. one arm above the head

D. one arm above the head

The bones that constitute the fingers and toes are called: Select one: A. carpals. B. metatarsals C. metacarpals. D. phalanges.

D. phalanges.

Stealing from a parent's wallet and denying it when caught is an example of _______ reasoning. A. postconventional B. psychosocial C. conventional D. preconventional

D. preconventional

Patients who become dependent upon EMS personnel or other health care providers often feel: Select one: A. relieved. B. superior. C. hopeful. D. shamed.

D. shamed.

Activities such as walking, talking, and writing are regulated by the: A. Central nervous system B. Autonomic nervous system C. Involuntary nervous system D. Somatic nervous system

D. somatic nervous system

As you and your partner are carrying a stable patient down a flight of stairs in a stair chair, you feel a sudden, sharp pain in your lower back. You should: A. reposition your hands and continue to move the patient. B. stop the move and have the patient walk down the stairs. C. guide your partner while moving the chair backwards. D. stop the move and request additional lifting assistance.

D. stop the move and request additional lifting assistance.

The MOST serious consequence of drug or alcohol abuse among EMS personnel is: Select one: A. tension among coworkers and supervisors. B. punitive action and the loss of a job. C. low morale and frequently missed shifts. D. substandard or inappropriate patient care.

D. substandard or inappropriate patient care.

According to the CDC, recommended immunizations and tests include a: Select one: A. smallpox vaccine every 5 years. B. TB skin test every 6 months. C. two-shot hepatitis A vaccination series. D. tetanus-diphtheria booster every 10 years.

D. tetanus-diphtheria booster every 10 years.

The smooth muscles that cause the artery to contract are found in the: Select one: A. tunica intima. B. lumen. C. tunica adventitia. D. tunica media.

D. tunica media.

(4.28) When communicating information over the radio, you should: A. respond professionally by saying "please" and "thank you." B. limit any single transmission to 60 seconds or less and use 10 codes. C. use the patient's name only when communicating with the hospital. D. use the words "affirmative" and "negative" instead of "yes" or "no."

D. use the words "affirmative" and "negative" instead of "yes" or "no."

Gloves, a mask, eye protection, and a face shield should be used: Select one: A. while handling needles or other sharps. B. during routine cleaning of the ambulance. C. whenever you touch nonintact skin. D. when performing endotracheal intubation.

D. when performing endotracheal intubation.

The extremity lift would NOT be appropriate to use on a patient: A. who complains of nausea. B. without a spinal injury. C. with forearm lacerations. D. with a deformed humerus.

D. with a deformed humerus.

Common factors that influence how a patient reacts to the stress of an illness or injury include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. History of chronic disease B. Distrust of EMTs C. Mental disorders D. Fear of medical personnel

Distrust of EMTs

Which of the following is considered a​ high-risk situation in which the EMT should be cautious about the use of abbreviations and​ acronyms? A.While preparing for a recertification exam B.During a patient​ hand-of C.When making study flashcards D.During conversations with fellow EMTs

During a patient​ hand-off report

Which of the following components are needed to prove negligence?

Duty to act, breach of duty, injury/damages, and causation

Which of the following components are needed to prove negligence? A. Breach of duty, injury/damages, abandonment, and causation B. Duty to act, abandonment, breach of duty, and causation C. Abandonment, breach of duty, damages, and causation D. Duty to act, breach of duty, injury/damages, and causation

Duty to act, breach of duty, injury/damages, and causation

Prehospital patient care decisions should be based on A. The experience of EMTs B. EMS research C. An EMS agency's fiscal resources D. The opinions of physicians

EMS research

The determination that prompt surgical care in the hospital is more important than performing time-consuming procedures in the field on a major trauma patient is based MOSTLY on: A. EMS research B. Regional trauma guidelines C. The lead EMT's decision D. Local protocols

EMS research

Which of the following courses requires about 150 hours of training? A. EMT B. Paramedic C. EMR D. AEMT

EMT

Which of the following is TRUE about medical​ terminology? A.EMTs should use complex medical terms whenever possible. B.EMTs are not allowed to use or document medical terms. C.EMTs are encouraged to know basic medical​ terminology, but it is not essential. D.EMTs are expected to know basic medical terminology.

EMTs are expected to know basic medical terminology.

Which of the following are central pulses?

Femoral and carotid

Together, the right and left lungs contain how many lobes?

Five

What should an EMT do to limit errors in the field? A. Deviate from established standards when necessary B. Follow the agency's written protocols C. Contact medical direction before initiating any treatment D. Carry an EMT text for reference at all times

Follow the agency's written protocols

The bones of the upper extremities include

Humerus and radius

You and your partner are EMTs who have been dispatched to stand by at the scene of a residential fire. While standing next to the ambulance observing the firefighters, you see a woman frantically moving around in her burning house. You should: A. Request permission from the fire chief to enter the structure B. Immediately notify the incident commander or safety officer C. Don a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and rescue the woman D. Stay where you are until firefighters remove her from the house

Immediately notify the incident commander or safety officer

Which of the following is the MOST significant factor in determining whether a person will become ill from certain germs? A. Gender B. Race C. Immunity D. Age

Immunity

Which of the following is the MOST significant factor in determining whether a person will become ill from certain germs?

Immunity''Which of the following statements regarding the hepatitis B vaccine is correct?

While providing care to a patient, blood got onto the ambulance stretcher. Because the stretcher was not properly cleaned afterward, a virus was transmitted to another EMT several days later. Which route of transmission does this scenario describe? A. Vector-borne transmission B. Airborne transmission C. Direct contact D. Indirect contact

Indirect contact

Assessment of a patient reveales tenderness over ribs 9-12 on the lateral right side. Based on this injury, which one of the following is your immediate concern?

Injury to the liver

Which of the following signs would indicate that your partner is experiencing significant stress?

Isolation from the rest of the crew

Which of the following signs would indicate that your partner is experiencing significant stress? A. Isolation from the rest of the crew B. Acute increase in appetite C. Increased interest in daily activities D. Hyperactivity during an EMS call

Isolation from the rest of the crew

What is the MOST important reason EMTs should have a good grasp of the proper use of medical​ terminology? A.It is necessary to use in order to speak to physicians. B.It allows clear communication with other healthcare providers. C.It shows the patient that EMTs are​ well-educated. D.The profession requires it.

It allows clear communication with other healthcare providers.

Which of the following statements regarding a "dedicated line" is correct?

It is a constantly open line of communication that cannot be accessed by outside users

Which of the following is NOT true of the lymphatic system?

Its vessels closely parallel the major arteries in the body.

Which of the following is NOT true of the lymphatic system? A. It circulates waste products of metabolism away from cells. B. It circulates oxygen, nutrients and hormones to the cells. C. Its vessels closely parallel the major arteries in the body. D. It relies on muscle movement to circulate lymph.

Its vessels closely parallel the major arteries in the body.

The structure containing the "voice box" is called the:

Larynx

As an EMT, the standards of emergency care are often partially based on: A. A consensus among paramedic supervisors B. The priorities of the medical director C. The wishes of the general public D. Locally accepted protocols

Locally accepted protocols

Which one of the following best represents the correct sequence for the passage of air into the lungs?

Mouth, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, alveoli

A patient informs you that he must sprinkle artificial digestive enzymes on all of his foods before eating them. Based on this, which one of the following organs should you assume is dysfunctional?

Pancreas

Which of the following types of questions allow for the most detailed response?

Open-ended questions

The EMT's first priority is: A. Rapid response B. Empathy for all patients C. Treatment and transport D. Personal safety

Personal safety

Which one of the following is a function of the skeletal system?

Producing blood cells

A 75 year old male with a terminal illness has died at home. As you and your partner enter the residence, a family member becomes verbally abusive, pushes you and states that you took to long to get there. You should: A. Tell the family member that it is not your fault B. Subdue the family member until the police arrive C. Ignore the family member and assess the patient D. Retreat and notify law enforcement personnel

Retreat and notify law enforcement personnel

The fused vertebrae that are inferior to the lumbar spine is the _____________.

Sacrum

The ability to take appropriate action with little direction is known as: A. Time management B. Self-motivation C. Self-confidence D. Diplomacy

Self-motivation

Patients who become depended upon EMS personnel or other health care providers often feel: A. Shamed B. Relieved C. Superior D. Hopeful

Shamed

Which of the following structures does NOT contain smooth muscle? A. Blood vessels B. Skeletal system C. Urinary system D. Gastrointestinal tract

Skeletal system

When talking to a patient or family​ members, what does the EMT need to remember to​ do? A.Use abbreviations whenever appropriate. B.Explain everything once so that transport is not delayed. C.Speak in lay terms about the​ patient's condition D.Try to convince the family that there is no reason to go to the ED.

Speak in lay terms about the​ patient's condition.

Which organ lies in the lateral and posterior portion of the left upper quadrant of the abdomen?

Spleen

Which layer of the skin is composed of fatty tissue and serves as an insulator for the body?

Subcutaneous

The MOST serious consequence of drug or alcohol abuse among EMS personnel is: A. Punitive action and the loss of a job B. Low morale and frequently missed shifts C. Tension among coworkers and supervisors D. Substandard or inappropriate patient care

Substandard or inappropriate patient care

The transverse plane divides the body into what two​ halves? A.Distal/proximal B.Superior/inferior C.Anterior/posterior D.Medial/lateral

Superior/inferior

If your patient is lying faceup on the​ back, the patient is said to be in what​ position? A.Prone B.Lateral C.Anatomical D.Supine

Supine

Which word has a prefix that means​ rapid? A. Bradycardia B. Dyspnea C. Superficial D. Tachypnea

Tachypnea

You and your newly hired EMT partner arrive on the scene of a bicycle collision at the local community park. One cyclist stands by and says that she has no injuries. The other is lying on his side on the bike​ path, guarding his ribs and holding the lower part of his left leg. Your partner kneels next to the​ man, introduces​ herself, and​ asks, "Can you​ ambulate?" The patient looks​ up, confused and in obvious pain.​ "Can you​ ambulate? You know...walk​?" Your partner​ says, a little louder. After transporting the​ patient, you discuss the call with your partner and suggest that she avoid using medical terms unnecessarily when talking with patients. She seems insulted and​ says, "Why?" What would you​ say? A. Tell her that the general public​ isn't smart enough to understand medical terminology and that all communication must be​ "dumbed down" when talking to patients. B. Tell her that the point of communicating with patients and other providers is so there is clear​ understanding; using medical terms when not necessary can cause confusion. C. Explain that using large words and medical terms can be seen as being​ egotistical, which can alienate both patients and other providers. D. You should say that you are an experienced EMT and because she is​ new, she should just take your advice and apply it.

Tell her that the point of communicating with patients and other providers is so there is clear​ understanding; using medical terms when not necessary can cause confusion.

Which of the following statements regarding the NREMT is correct? A. The NREMT is the exclusive certifying body for EMTs B. EMS training standards are regulated by the NREMT C. The NREMT provides a national standard for EMS testing D. The NREMT is a governmental agency that certifies EMTs

The NREMT provides a national standard for EMS testing

What happens when blood volume is lost from the body?

The arteries contract to increase the blood pressure.

What happens when blood volume is lost from the body? A. The arteries contract to increase the blood pressure. B. Widespread vasodilation causes blood pressure to decrease. C. The veins dilate to increase systemic perfusion. D. Arterial blood is diverted to the skin and muscles.

The arteries contract to increase the blood pressure.

A postal worker has been attacked by a dog during her mail delivery route. The patient is a​ 54-year-old female with several dog bites on her lower extremities and left arm. The worst of these bites is located on the back of her right leg just above the ankle. How can you explain the location of this injury using anatomical​ landmarks? A.The bite is located on the anterior aspect of the calf just proximal to the knee. B.The bite is located on the posterior aspect of the calf distal to the knee. C.The bite is located on the anterior aspect of the calf just distal to the knee. D.The bite is located on the posterior aspect of the calf just proximal to the knee.

The bite is located on the posterior aspect of the calf distal to the knee.

The patient care report (PCR) ensures: Select one: A. legal protection. B. continuity of care. C. research data. D. quality assurance.

The correct answer is: B. continuity of care.

In what manner should you act and speak with a patient? Select one: A. loud and official B. passive C. calm and confident D. authoritative

The correct answer is: C. calm and confident

You could be sued for ___________ if your radio report to the hospital describes the patient in a manner that injures his or her reputation. Select one: A. assault B. negligence C. slander D. libel

The correct answer is: C. slander

Your EMS system uses a computerized PCR in which you fill in the information electronically and then send it to the emergency department via a secure Internet server. The PCR has a comprehensive series of drop-down boxes, which are used to identify your assessment findings and specify the treatment that you provided; it also has a section for your narrative. When completing your PCR after a call, you should: Select one: A. defer the narrative only if the information in the drop-down boxes accurately reflects the assessment and treatment that you performed. B. avoid documenting personally identifiable information, such as the patient's name, because the PCR could be intercepted during transmission. C. enter all of the pertinent information of the electronic PCR, but then print it out and provide a copy to the emergency department staff. D. complete a thorough and accurate narrative because drop-down boxes cannot provide all of the information that needs to be documented.

The correct answer is: D. complete a thorough and accurate narrative because drop-down boxes cannot provide all of the information that needs to be documented.

All information recorded on the PCR must be: Select one: A. typewritten or printed. B. reflective of your opinion. C. a matter of public record. D. considered confidential.

The correct answer is: D. considered confidential.

The final stage of death and dying MOST commonly takes the form of:

acceptance.

Which one of the following anatomical statements is true?

The knee is proximal to the ankle

While transporting a patient with a traumatic wound to the​ back, you call in a report to the receiving hospital over the radio. Due to radio static and background noise in the Emergency​ Department, the physician has had to ask you twice to repeat if the wound was superior or inferior. Why would this distinction be​ important? A.The physician is just trying to determine if the wound is deep or not so she knows what to prepare for. B.It is a triage question to determine if the patient is critical or not so the hospital can prioritize. C.The answer is not necessarily important. The physician is just focusing on getting her standard questions answered while dealing with an inadequate radio system. D.The location of the wound is important in determining which types of resources to have available when the patient arrives.

The location of the wound is important in determining which types of resources to have available when the patient arrives.

What is an EMT's primary service area? A. The main area in which the EMS agency operates B. The location where the EMT provides essential care during 911 call C. The area serviced by the EMT's medical director D. The only area the EMT is certified to provide patient care

The main area in which the EMS agency operates

Which of the following statements regarding the medulla oblongata is correct?

The medulla is sensitive to pH changes and sends messages via the phrenic nerve to contract the diaphragm.

Which of the following statements regarding the medulla oblongata is correct? A. The medulla reduces the rate and depth of breathing if it detects an increase in carbon dioxide levels. B. The medulla's primary role is to increase the body's level of oxygen, not to decrease its level of carbon dioxide. C. The medulla is a portion of the cerebrum and primarily responds to an increase in the pH of cerebrospinal fluid. D. The medulla is sensitive to pH changes and sends messages via the phrenic nerve to contract the diaphragm.

The medulla is sensitive to pH changes and sends messages via the phrenic nerve to contract the diaphragm.

With regard to anatomical​ locations, which of the following is not​ true? A.The mouth is proximal to B. The foot is distal to the knee. C. The ears are located on the lateral aspect of the head. D. The umbilicus is located on the ventral aspect of the body.

The mouth is proximal to the nose.

The femoral head forms a ball-and-socket joint with the:

acetabulum.

Which of the following describes the Moro reflex? A. When something touches a neonate's cheek, he or she instinctively turns his or her head toward the touch. B. When the sole of the foot is stroked with a blunt object, the big toe lifts upward and the other toes fan outward. C. The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled. D. An infant's heart rate decreases secondary to hypoxia because he or she depends heavily on the heart rate to perfuse the body.

The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled.

In which of the following circumstances can the EMT legally release confidential patient information?

The patient is competent and signs a release form

You are caring for a driver who struck a light pole. She admits to drinking alcohol but orders you not to tell anyone. You should report the info to: A. The receiving nurse or doctor B. The state motor vehicle department C. Law enforcement personnel D. Your medical director

The receiving nurse or doctor

Why should an EMT avoid the use of acronyms and abbreviations when​ communicating? A. There is a chance that they can lead to errors in continued care for the patient. B. They should only be avoided in verbal​ communications, where they can be​ misunderstood; they are expected in written patient care reports. C. The medical acronyms and abbreviations used by prehospital care providers and hospital staff are different. D. Using acronyms and abbreviations is considered unprofessional.

There is a chance that they can lead to errors in continued care for the patient.

Which of the following statements regarding HIV is correct? A. HIV is far more contagious than hepatitis B B. There is no vaccine against HIV infection C. HIV is easily transmittable in the EMS field D. HIV is transmitted exclusively via blood

There is no vaccine against HIV infection

Which of the following statements regarding HIV is correct?

There is no vaccine against HIV infection.

Why do middle adults commonly experience financial concerns? A. The majority of middle adults still have small children who live at home with them. B. They are preparing for retirement but must still manage everyday financial demands. C. They are typically receiving social security and must budget with a fixed income. D. Most people in the middle adult age group have chronic illnesses and cannot work.

They are preparing for retirement but must still manage everyday financial demands.

Twelve pairs of ribs attach to which section of the spinal column?

Thoracic

Twelve pairs of ribs attach to which section of the spinal column? A) Sacral B) Lumbar C) Thoracic D) Coccyx

Thoracic

The ability to handle multiple tasks based on their priority is called: A. Patient empathy B. Patient advocacy C. Integrity D. Time management

Time management

What is one reason an EMT needs to understand medical​ terminology? A.To communicate at a​ physician's level of care B.To describe the anatomical locations of a​ patient's injuries C.To use complex terms and emphasize the​ EMT's level of training D.To be able to appear educated to a patient and gain the​ patient's trust

To describe the anatomical locations of a​ patient's injuries

What is the function of the fallopian tubes?

To transport a mature egg to the uterus

Which one of the following is the vessel that carries oxygen-depleted blood to the right atrium?

Vena cava

A positive TB skin test indicates that: A. You are actively infected with TB B. The TB disease is currently dormant but may later become active C. You have been exposed to TB D. You have never been exposed to TB

You have been exposed to TB

The imaginary horizontal and vertical lines going through the navel create​ the: A.thoracic regions. B.inferior segments. C.abdominal quadrants. D.superior segments.

abdominal quadrants.

You respond to the home of a 59-year-old man who is unconscious; has slow, shallow breathing; and has a weak pulse. The family states that the patient has terminal brain cancer and does not wish to be resuscitated. They further state that there is a DNR order for this patient, but they are unable to locate it. You should:

begin treatment and contact medical control as needed.

When a patient is dying, he or she may experience regression. This is MOST accurately defined as:

behavior consistent with an earlier developmental stage.

A person's bones will become brittle if he or she is deficient in:

calcium

The exchange of oxygen and nutrients for waste products of metabolism occurs at the cellular level in the:

capillaries.

The waste products of aerobic metabolism include:

carbon dioxide and water.

The firm cartilaginous ring that forms the inferior portion of the larynx is called the:

cricoid cartilage

Putrefaction is defined as:

decomposition of the body's tissues.

Common factors that influence how a patient reacts to the stress of an illness or injury include all of the following, EXCEPT:

distrust of EMTs.

The artery that can be palpated on the anterior surface of the foot is the:

dorsalis pedis.

The artery that can be palpated on the anterior surface of the foot is the: A. ventral pedis. B. posterior tibial. C. dorsalis pedis. D. anterior tibial.

dorsalis pedis.

Contraction of the right ventricle causes:

ejection of blood into the systemic circulation.

The hepatitis B vaccine program, a component of the infection control plan, addresses all of the following issues, EXCEPT:

family history of hepatitis.

When considering his or her personal life, it is important for the EMT to realize that:

family or friends may not understand the stress associated with EMS.

The atlas is the:

first cervical vertebra, which articulates with the skull.

Deoxygenated blood from the abdomen, pelvis, and lower extremities is returned to the right atrium via the: A. superior vena cava. B. coronary sinus vein. C. common iliac vein. D. inferior vena cava.

inferior vena cava.

The diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract during:

inhalation.

Cardiac output (CO) is affected by:

stroke volume and heart rate.

The bony prominence on the lateral/superior aspect of the thigh is called the:

greater trochanter.

The respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute in an infant is ___________. Select one: A. too shallow B. too slow C. normal D. too fast

C. normal

Children of which age group are considered toddlers? A. Over 6 years B. 1 month to 1 year C. 3-6 years D. 1-3 years

1-3 years

At what age does separation anxiety typically peak in infants and small children?

10 to 18 months

The thoracic spine is composed of ___________ (quantity) vertebrae.

12

When encountering a patient with depressed fontanelles, you should suspect: A. respiratory distress. B. dehydration. C. atherosclerosis. D. nephrosis.

B. dehydration.

According to the National EMS Scope of Practice Model, an EMT should be able to: A. assist a patient with certain prescribed medications. B. insert a peripheral intravenous (IV) line and infuse fluids. C. administer epinephrine via the subcutaneous route. D. interpret a basic electrocardiogram (ECG) rhythm and treat accordingly. 6. Cardiac monitoring, pharmacological interventions, and other advanced treatment skills are functions of the:

A

An appropriate demonstration of professionalism when your patient is frightened, demanding, or unpleasant is to: A.) continue to be nonjudgmental, compassionate, and respectful. B.) demand the patient to be quiet and cooperative during transport. C.) ignore the patient's feelings and focus on his or her medical complaint. D.) reassure him or her that everything will be all right, even if it will not be.

A

As an EMT, you may be authorized to administer aspirin to a patient with chest pain based on: A. medical director approval. B. the transport time to the hospital. C. the patient's condition. D. an order from a paramedic.

A

National guidelines for EMS care are intended to __________. A. provide more consistent delivery of EMS care across the United States B. reduce expenses at the local and state levels C. facilitate a national EMS labor group D. unify EMS providers under a single medical director

A

Obtaining continuing medical education is the responsibility of the: A.) individual EMT. B.) State Bureau of EMS. C.) EMS training officer. D.) EMS medical director.

A

The ability to understand others and have them understand you is known as __________. A. communication B. self-confidence C. scene leadership D. teamwork and diplomacy

A

The standards for prehospital emergency care and the individuals who provide it are typically regulated by the: A.) state office of EMS. B.) regional trauma center. C.) American Heart Association. D.) National Registry of EMTs.

A

What is an EMT's primary service area? A. The main area in which the EMS agency operates B. The area serviced by the EMT's medical director C. The only area the EMT is certified to provide patient care D. The location where the EMT provides essential care during a 9-1-1 call

A

The ability to understand others and have them understand you is known as: A. Communication B. Self-confidence C. Scene leadership D. Teamwork and diplomacy

Communication

Which of the following courses requires about 150 hours of training? A. EMT B. EMR C. AEMT D. Paramedic

A

Which of the following is NOT true of medical control? A.It is determined by the dispatcher b. It may be written or "standing orders." c. it may require online radio or phone consultation d. it describes the care authorized by the medical director.

A

The decline in cardiac function that commonly occurs in late adulthood is MOST often related to:

atherosclerosis.

Which of the following statements regarding the Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 is correct? A. The ADA prohibits employers from failing to provide full and equal employment to those who are disabled. B. The minimum number of hours required to successfully complete an EMT course is less for candidates who are disabled. C. The ADA applies only to individuals with a diagnosed and well-documented physical disability. D. According to the ADA, EMT candidates with a documented disability are exempt from taking the NREMT exam.

A

Which type of medical direction do standing orders and protocols describe? A. Off-line B. Radio C. Direct D. Online

A

Both areas of the pons are used to:

augment respirations during emotional or physical stress.

Which of the following statements regarding the kidneys is correct? A The kidneys eliminate toxic waste products from the body and control the body's fluid balance. B Both kidneys are located in the anterior abdominal cavity and lie in between the liver and the spleen. C Because the kidneys require little oxygen, only 5% of the body's blood volume passes through them each minute. D A series of small blood vessels attach the kidneys directly to the superior vena cava and renal arteries.

A The kidneys eliminate toxic waste products from the body and control the body's fluid balance.

An increase in heart rate and contractility occurs due to stimulation of: A beta-1 receptors. B beta-2 receptors. C alpha-1 receptors. D alpha-2 receptors.

A beta 1 receptors

In which of the following situations does a legal duty to act clearly exist? A. The EMT witnesses a vehicle crash while off duty B. A bystander encounters a victim who is not breathing C. The EMT hears of a cardiac arrest after his or her shift ends D. A call is received 15 minutes prior to shift change

A call is received 15 minutes prior to shift change

In which of the following situations does a legal duty to act clearly exist?

A call is received 15 minutes prior to shift change.

Which of the following patients has decision-making capacity and can legally refuse emergency medical treatment? A. A confused young male who says he is the president B. A man who is staggering and states that he had 3 beers C. A diabetic woman who has slurred speech and is not aware of the date D. A conscious and alert woman with severe abdominal pain

A conscious and alert woman with severe abdominal pain

Which of the following skin layers contains sweat and oil glands, hair follicles, blood vessels, and nerve endings? A dermis B epidermis C sebaceous D subcutaneous

A dermis

Which of the following best describes the location of the midaxillary​ line? A. A line drawn horizontally from one armpit to the other across the front of the body B. A line drawn vertically from the xiphoid process to the pubic bone C. A line from the center of the armpit extending vertically down the side of the chest D. A line drawn diagonally from the outer end of the clavicle to the navel

A line from the center of the armpit extending vertically down the side of the chest

Shortly after you load your patient, a 50-year-old man with abdominal pain, into the ambulance, he tells you that he changed his mind and does not want to go to the hospital. The patient is conscious and alert and has no signs of mental incapacitation. You are suspicious that the man has a significant underlying condition and feel strongly that he should go to the hospital. Which of the following statements regarding this situation is correct?

A mentally competent adult can withdraw his or her consent to treat at any time.

Shortly after you load your patient, a 50 year old man with abdominal pain into the ambulance, he tells you that he changed his mind and does not want to go to the hospital. The patient is conscious and alert and has no signs of mental incapacitation. You are suspicious that the man has an underlying condition and feel strongly that he should go to the hospital. Which of the following statements regarding the situation is correct? A. A mentally competent adult can withdraw his or her consent to treatment at any time. B. Because of your suspicions, the best approach is to transport him to the hospital C. Any patient who refuses EMS treatment must legally sign a patient refusal form D. Once the patient is in the ambulance, he cannot legally refuse EMS treatment

A mentally competent adult can withdraw his or her consent to treatment at any time.

Which of the following general statements regarding consent is correct?

A patient can consent to transport but can legally refuse to be treated.

To help protect patients, EMS agencies are required to have: A. An anonymous reporting system B. Online access to patient records C. Public forums with their medical director D. A privacy officer to answer questions

A privacy officer to answer questions

Ethnocentrism is defined as:

considering your own cultural values to be more important when interacting with people of a different culture

Which of the following descriptions MOST accurately portrays emergency medical services (EMS)? A. A system composed exclusively of EMRs and EMTs who are responsible for providing care to the sick and injured patients B. A vast network of advanced life support (ALS) providers who provide definitive emergency care in the prehospital setting C. A team of paramedics and emergency physicians who are responsible for providing emergency care to critically injured patients D. A team of health care professionals who are responsible for providing emergency care and transportation to the sick and injured

A team of health care professionals who are responsible for providing emergency care and transportation to the sick and injured

What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult? Select one: A. 12-20 breaths/min B. 15-30 breaths/min C. 40-60 breaths/min D. 25-50 breaths/min

A. 12-20 breaths/min

In which of the following situations would a direct ground lift be the MOST appropriate method of moving a patient? A. a conscious patient complaining of abdominal pain B. patient who complains of hip pain following a fall C. a pedestrian with back pain after being struck by a car D. an unconscious patient with a possible ischemic stroke

A. A conscious patient complaining of abdominal pain

You are dispatched to a public park in the middle of a sprawling for an arm injury. You arrive to find a crying 8-year-old boy cradling his swollen deformed left forearm. His friends tell you that he was holding onto the bars of the play structure and that his arm 'snapped' when he jumped into the sand below. An adult bystander tells you that the boy kept trying to impress his friends with more and more dangerous stunts on the play structure prior to the injury. This is an indication of ________ reasoning. A. conventional B. preconventional C. unconventional D. postconventional

A. conventional

It is essential that you ____________ your equipment to prevent the spread of disease. A. decontaminate B. throw out C. properly store D. incinerate

A. decontaminate

Stimulation of alpha-adrenergic receptors results in:

constriction of the blood vessels.

You are caring for a 35-year-old female with pregnancy-related complications. She is clearly experiencing significant stress and is crying uncontrollably. Your MOST appropriate action would be to: Select one: A. demonstrate courtesy and speak with a professional tone of voice. B. discourage her from expressing fears until a counselor is available. C. explain to her that "everything will be all right" in order to calm her down. D. restrain her if she is extremely emotional and will not calm down.

A. demonstrate courtesy and speak with a professional tone of voice.

The ____________ is a muscular dome that forms the inferior boundary of the thorax, separating the thorax from the abdomen. A. diaphragm B. mediastinum C. costal arch D. costovertebral angle

A. diaphragm

Oxygen and carbon dioxide pass across the alveolar membrane in the lungs through a process called: Select one: A. diffusion. B. breathing. C. ventilation. D. osmosis.

A. diffusion.

Situations in which you should use the rapid extrication technique include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. a patient who can be properly assessed while still in the vehicle. B. a patient who blocks access to another seriously injured patient. C. a patient who needs immediate care that requires a supine position. D. a patient whose condition requires immediate transport to the hospital.

A. a patient who can be properly assessed while still in the vehicle.

(4.13) Information included in a radio report to the receiving hospital should include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. a preliminary diagnosis of the patient's problem. B. your perception of the severity of the problem. C. a brief summary of the care you provided. D. a brief history of the patient's current problem.

A. a preliminary diagnosis of the patient's problem.

You are transporting an elderly woman who has possibly experienced a stroke. She is obviously scared but is unable to talk and cannot move the entire right side of her body. In addition to providing the medical care that she needs, you should: Select one: A. acknowledge that she is scared and tell her that you will take good care of her. B. tell her that you understand why she is scared and that everything will likely be okay. C. reassure her that after proper treatment in the hospital, she will regain her speech in time. D. maintain eye contact at all times and tell her that there is no need for her to be scared.

A. acknowledge that she is scared and tell her that you will take good care of her.

In preconventional reasoning, children: Select one: A. act almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what they want. B. make decisions based on their conscience. C. look for approval from their peers and society. D. blame their actions on what they have observed in older children.

A. act almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what they want.

A 15-year-old boy was killed when he was struck by a car while riding his bicycle. He has numerous disfiguring injuries and has been placed in the back of the ambulance to shield him from curious bystanders. When the child's parents arrive at the scene, they demand to see him. You should: Select one: A. advise them that their son had severely disfiguring injuries and ask them if there is anyone they would like you to contact first. B. discreetly escort them to the back of the ambulance and allow them to see their child by themselves while you wait outside. C. let them know that because of the circumstances of their child's death, they will not be permitted to see him at this time. D. express your sincere condolences over their loss and have them escorted away from the scene by a law enforcement officer.

A. advise them that their son had severely disfiguring injuries and ask them if there is anyone they would like you to contact first.

(4.23) A patient's refusal for EMS treatment and/or transport must be: A. an informed refusal. B. reported to the police. C. authorized by a judge. D. witnessed by a notary.

A. an informed refusal.

You are transporting a 40-year-old male with respiratory distress. The patient tells you that he recently had a positive tuberculosis (TB) skin test and is currently being evaluated for possible TB. You should: Select one: A. apply a nonrebreathing mask on the patient and a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) respirator on yourself. B. remain at least 3 feet away from the patient and apply a surgical mask on him. C. apply a sterile surgical mask on yourself and a HEPA respirator on the patient. D. apply a nasal cannula on the patient and a sterile surgical mask on yourself.

A. apply a nonrebreathing mask on the patient and a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) respirator on yourself.

One consequence of the loss of neurons among elderly persons is a(n): A. change in sleep patterns. B. steady decline in intelligence. C. inability to reproduce. D. loss of physical skills

A. change in sleep patterns.

A by-product of involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation is: A. lactic acid. B. oxygen. C. nitrogen. D. heat.

heat.

Upon arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you find a single patient still seated in his car. There are no scene hazards. As you approach the vehicle, you note that the patient is semiconscious and has a large laceration to his forehead. You should: A. direct your partner to apply manual in-line support of the patient's head. B. apply a vest-style extrication device before attempting to move the patient. C. apply a cervical collar and quickly remove the patient with a clothes drag. D. slide a long backboard under his buttocks and lay him sideways on the board.

A. direct your partner to apply manual in-line support of the patient's head.

Upon arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you find a single patient still seated in his car. There are no scene hazards. As you approach the vehicle, you note that the patient is semiconscious and has a large laceration to his forehead. You should: Select one: A. direct your partner to apply manual in-line support of the patient's head. B. apply a cervical collar and quickly remove the patient with a clothes drag. C. apply a vest-style extrication device before attempting to move the patient. D. slide a long backboard under his buttocks and lay him sideways on the board.

A. direct your partner to apply manual in-line support of the patient's head.

Common factors that influence how a patient reacts to the stress of an illness or injury include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. distrust of the EMT. B. mental disorders. C. history of chronic disease. D. fear of medical personnel.

A. distrust of the EMT.

(4.33) Communicating with hearing-impaired patients can be facilitated by doing all of the following, EXCEPT: A. elevating the tone of your voice and exaggerating word pronunciation. B. shining a light on your face when you are in a darkened environment. C. providing pen and paper if the patient prefers to write his or her response. D. placing yourself in a position to ensure that the patient can see your lips.

A. elevating the tone of your voice and exaggerating word pronunciation.

The compliance monitoring component of an infection control plan should: Select one: A. ensure that employees understand what they should do and why it is important. B. identify who to notify after an exposure and where treatment should be provided. C. consist of a list of tasks that pose a risk for contact with blood or other body fluids. D. address issues such as medical waste collection, storage, and ambulance disinfection.

A. ensure that employees understand what they should do and why it is important.

The hepatitis B vaccine program, a component of the infection control plan, addresses all of the following issues, EXCEPT: Select one: A. family history of hepatitis. B. postvaccine antibody titers. C. vaccine safety and efficacy. D. record keeping and tracking.

A. family history of hepatitis.

In lifting with the palm down, the weight is supported by the _____ rather than the palm. Select one: A. fingers B. forearm C. lower back D. wrist

A. fingers

The areas of the infant's skull that have not yet fused together are called ________. Select one: A. fontanelles B. cranial valleys C. sutures D. ventricles

A. fontanelles

The brain connects to the spinal cord through a large opening at the base of the skull called the: A. foramen magnum. B. spinous foramen. C. foramen ovale. D. vertebral foramen.

A. foramen magnum

You suspect that a 75-year-old man has internal injuries after he fell and struck his ribs and abdomen on the corner of a table. When assessing and treating an injured patient of this age, you must recall that: A. his ability to physiologically compensate for his injury may be impaired due to an inability to increase cardiac output. B. it is not uncommon to observe heart rates in excess of 150 beats/min in elderly patients with internal injuries. C. blood pressure is usually adequately maintained because the blood vessels of older people can contract easily. D. functional blood volume in patients of this age steadily increases due to increased production of red blood cells.

A. his ability to physiologically compensate for his injury may be impaired due to an inability to increase cardiac output.

(4.15) When obtaining patient care orders from a physician via a two-way radio, it is MOST important to remember that: A. his or her instructions are based on the information you provide. B. all orders should be carried out immediately and without question. C. the physician may or may not be located within your service area. D. the use of 10 codes is an effective method of communication.

A. his or her instructions are based on the information you provide.

A 16-year-old female complains of vaginal bleeding and abdominal cramping that began several hours ago. During your assessment interview, you should: Select one: A. inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible. B. obtain the majority of your information from one of her parents. C. recall that patients in this age group prefer not to be treated as adults. D. avoid asking questions that she will feel uncomfortable answering.

A. inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible.

The proper technique for using the power grip is to: Select one: A. lift with your palms up. B. rotate your palms down. C. hold the handle with your fingers. D. position your hands about 6² apart.

A. lift with your palms up.

As an EMT, it is important to remember that the signs and symptoms of cumulative stress: Select one: A. may not be obvious or present all the time. B. usually manifest suddenly and without warning. C. cannot be identified and can cause health problems. D. are most effectively treated with medications.

A. may not be obvious or present all the time.

The muscle tissue of the heart is called the: Select one: A. myocardium. B. endocardium. C. pericardium. D. epicardium.

A. myocardium.

The ___________ is made up of the maxilla and zygoma, as well as the frontal bone of the cranium. A. orbit B. sphenoid C. mastoid D. occiput

A. orbit

Self-concept is: A. our perception of ourselves. B. how we feel about ourselves. C. how we fit in with peers. D. how we react to certain situations.

A. our perception of ourselves.

The EMT's first priority is __________. Select one: A. personal safety B. rapid response C. treatment and transport D. empathy for all patients

A. personal safety

Upon arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you note that two small cars collided head-on; the occupants are still in their vehicles. The fire department is in the process of stabilizing the vehicles and law enforcement personnel are directing traffic. After parking the ambulance at a safe distance, you and your partner should: Select one: A. put on high-visibility safety vests. B. quickly begin the triage process. C. report to the incident commander. D. assist with vehicle stabilization.

A. put on high-visibility safety vests.

The bones of the forearm are called the: Select one: A. radius and ulna. B. humerus and ulna. C. radius and humerus. D. tibia and radius.

A. radius and ulna.

A 75-year-old male with a terminal illness has died at home. As you and your partner enter the residence, a family member becomes verbally abusive, pushes you, and states that you took too long to get there. You should: Select one: A. retreat and notify law enforcement personnel B. tell the family member that it is not your fault. C. subdue the family member until the police arrive. D. ignore the family member and assess the patient.

A. retreat and notify law enforcement personnel

You are attending to a 22-year-old female patient who has overdosed. The patient is unresponsive in an upstairs bedroom. The most appropriate way to bring the patient downstairs is: Select one: A. secured to a fracture board with the strongest provider at the head end. B. secured to a fracture board with the strongest provider at the foot end. C. secured to a stair chair with the strongest provider at the head end. D. secured to a stair chair with the strongest provider at the foot end.

A. secured to a fracture board with the strongest provider at the head end.

Large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are generated when: A. the cells function with adequate oxygen. B. the cells function without oxygen. C. carbon dioxide levels in the blood are high. D. circulating blood glucose levels fall.

A. the cells function with adequate oxygen

(4.27) After being dispatched on an emergency call, you should expect the dispatcher to provide you with all of the following information, EXCEPT: A. the general geographic location of the incident. B. the time at which your unit was dispatched. C. other agencies that are responding to the scene. D. the number of patients involved in the incident.

A. the general geographic location of the incident.

Infants are often referred to as "belly breathers" because: A. their rib cage is less rigid and the ribs sit horizontally. B. an infant's ribs are brittle and are less able to expand. C. their intercostal muscles are not functional. D. their diaphragm does not receive impulses from the brain.

A. their rib cage is less rigid and the ribs sit horizontally.

(4.29) General guidelines for effective radio communications include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. using 10 codes to ensure radio traffic confidentiality. B. acknowledging a transmission as soon as possible. C. speaking in a clear, calm, monotone voice. D. holding the microphone about 2" to 3" from your mouth.

A. using 10 codes to ensure radio traffic confidentiality.

The simplest, yet most effective method of preventing the spread of an infectious disease is to: Select one: A. wash your hands in between patient contacts. B. undergo an annual physical examination. C. undergo annual testing for tuberculosis and hepatitis. D. ensure that your immunizations are up-to-date.

A. wash your hands in between patient contacts.

Which of the following describes the midline of the​ body? A. The intersection of two imaginary lines crossing at the umbilicus B. An imaginary line dividing the body into equal right and left halves C. An imaginary line dividing the body into a top and bottom portion D. An imaginary line dividing the body into a front and a back portion

An imaginary line dividing the body into equal right and left halves

You are transporting an elderly woman who has possibly experienced a stroke. She is obviously scared but is unable to talk and cannot move her entire right side of the body. In addition to providing the medical care she needs, you should: A. Reassure her that after proper treatment in the hospital, she will regain her speech in time B. Acknowledge that she is scared and tell her that you will take good care of her C. Tell her that you understand why she is scared and that everything will likely be okay D. Maintain eye contact at all times and tell her there is no need to be scared

Acknowledge that she is scared and tell her that you will take good care of her

When caring for the parents of a child who has died of leukemia, the EMT should: A. Immediately refer them to a counselor B. Acknowledge the death of their child in private C. Tell them that their feelings are understood D. Refrain from using words such as "died" or "dead"

Acknowledge the death of their child in private

The best way to reduce your risk of contracting a work-related disease following exposure is to: A. Activate your department's infection control plan as soon as possible B. Get vaccinated against the disease you think you were exposed to C. Vigorously wash the affected area with an antimicrobial solution D. Be evaluated by a physician within 72 hours following the exposure

Activate your department's infection control plan as soon as possible

A 15 year old boy was killed when struck by a car while riding his bike. He has numerous disfiguring injuries and has been placed in the back of the ambulance to shield him from curious bystanders. When the child's parents arrive at the scene, they demand to see him. You should: A. Let them know that because of the circumstances of their child's death, they will not be permitted to see him at this time. B. Express your sincere condolences over their loss and have them escorted away from the scene by a law enforcement officer. C. Discreetly escort them to the back of the ambulance and allow them to see their child by themselves while you wait outside. D. Advise them that their son had severely disfiguring injuries and ask them if there is anyone they would like you to contact first

Advise them that their son had severely disfiguring injuries and ask them if there is anyone they would like you to contact first

Which of the following statements regarding agonal respirations is correct? A. Agonal respirations are ineffective and need to be assisted. B. Agonal respirations typically occur before the heart stops. C. Agonal respirations result in excessive tidal volume. D. Agonal respirations are characterized by fast, irregular breaths.

Agonal respirations are ineffective and need to be assisted.

General Adaptation syndrome is characterized by which of the following phases? A. Delayed reaction, alarm response, and physical recovery B. Reaction and resistance, euphoria, and physical exhaustion C. Alarm response, reaction and resistance, and recovery D. Immediate reaction, psychological exhaustion, and recovery

Alarm response, reaction and resistance, and recovery

General adaptation syndrome is characterized by which of the following phases?

Alarm response, reaction and resistance, and recovery

Which of the following scenarios MOST accurately depicts a PTSD reaction? A. An EMT is emotionally exhausted and depressed after a school bus crash involving critical injuries and the death of several children B. An EMT with many years in the field becomes irritable with her coworkers and experiences headaches and insomnia C. An EMT becomes distracted at the scene of a motor vehicle crash involving the same type of car in which a child was previously killed D. A newly certified EMT becomes extremely nauseated and diaphoretic at the scene of an incident involving grotesque injuries

An EMT becomes distracted at the scene of a motor vehicle crash involving the same type of car in which a child was previously killed

Which of the following scenarios MOST accurately depicts a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) reaction?

An EMT becomes distracted at the scene of a motor vehicle crash involving the same type of car in which a child was previously killed.

Which of the following statements regarding an infant's vital signs is correct?

An infant's normal body temperature is typically higher than a preschooler's.

What is the distinction between anatomy and physiology​? A. Anatomy is the study of body components and​ systems, and physiology is the study of injuries and disease processes. B. Anatomy is the study of body​ structure, and physiology is the study of body function. C. Anatomy is the study of physical body​ structures, whereas physiology is the study of emotions and behavior. D. The terms are synonymous.

Anatomy is the study of body​ structure, and physiology is the study of body function.

Vector-borne transmission of an infectious organism occurs via: A. Animals or insects B. Direct contact C. Smoke or dust D. Inanimate objects

Animals or insects

During your monthly internal quality improvement (QI) meeting, you review several patient care reports (PCRs) with staff of your EMS system. You identify the patients name, age, and sex and then discuss the treatment provided by the EMTs in the field. By taking this approach to the QI process, you: A. Are in violation of HIPAA because you did not remove the PHI from the PCR beforehand B. Accepted appropriately but must have each EMT sign a waiver stating that he or she will not discuss the cases with others C. Violated the patients privacy because you should have discussed the info only with the EMTs involved D. Adequately safeguarded the patients PHI because the cases were discussed internally

Are in violation of HIPAA because you did not remove the PHI from the PCR beforehand

The body's backup system of respiratory control, which is based on low concentrations of oxygen in the blood, is called the:

hypoxic drive.

To minimize the risk of litigation, the EMT should:

provide competent care that meets current standards.

The continuous quality improvement (CQI) process is designed to: A.) provide punitive action to EMTs who do not follow local protocols. B.) identify areas of improvement and provide remedial training if needed C.) ensure that all EMTs maintain licensure through the state EMS office. D.) focus specifically on the quality of emergency care provided to the patient.

B

The criteria to be licensed and employed as an EMT include: A.) demonstration of the ability to lift and carry at least 200 pounds. B.) proof of immunization against certain communicable diseases. C.) a minimum of 60 college credit hours that focus on health care. D.) successful completion of a recognized bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) course.

B

The person who is responsible for authorizing EMTs to perform emergency medical care in the field is the: A.) shift supervisor. B.) medical director. C.) EMS administrator. D.) field training officer.

B

What should an EMT do to limit errors in the field? A. Contact medical direction before initiating any treatments. B. Follow the agency's written protocols. C. Carry an EMT text for reference at all times. D. Deviate from established standards when necessary.

B

t is especially important for EMS personnel to develop nonadversarial relationships with their coworkers because they: Select one: A. are highly prone to stress and burnout. B. depend on each other for their safety. C. must work together every third day. D. may have to bunk in the same room.

B. depend on each other for their safety.

Which of the following descriptions MOST accurately portrays emergency medical services (EMS)? A. A system composed exclusively of emergency medical responders (EMRs) and emergency medical technicians (EMTs) who are responsible for providing care to sick and injured patients B. A team of health care professionals who are responsible for providing emergency care and transportation to the sick and injured C. A team of paramedics and emergency physicians who are responsible for providing emergency care to critically injured patients D. A vast network of advanced life support (ALS) providers who provide definitive emergency care in the prehospital setting

B

The kidneys and pancreas are called retroperitoneal organs because they: A are protected by the anterior rib cage. B are located behind the abdominal cavity. C sit in front of the liver, spleen, and stomach. D lie just anterior to the costovertebral angle.

B are located behind the abdominal cavity

Which of the following statements is MOST consistent with the bargaining phase of the grieving process? Select one: A. "It is because of our lousy health care system that I developed this brain tumor." B. "I will be compliant with all my medications if I can just see my grandson graduate." C. "I understand that my death is inevitable and I am ready to die when the time comes." D. "The doctors must be wrong in their diagnosis because I have always been healthy."

B. "I will be compliant with all my medications if I can just see my grandson graduate."

Common questions asked by patients with a serious illness or injury include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. "Am I going to die?" B. "What hospital am I going to?" C. "What are you doing to me?" D. "Will I be permanently disabled?"

B. "What hospital am I going to?"

The pulse rate of a toddler is: A. 80 to 140 beats/min B. 90 to 150 beats/min C. 90 to 180 beats/min D. 100 to 160 beats/min

B. 90 to 150 beats/min

(4.7) During the alert and dispatch phase of EMS communications, the dispatcher's responsibilities include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. screening and assigning a priority to each call based on local protocols. B. discouraging the caller from providing care until the EMS unit arrives. C. selecting and notifying the Correct EMS response units and personnel. D. coordinating responding EMS units with other public safety personnel.

B. discouraging the caller from providing care until the EMS unit arrives.

General adaptation syndrome is characterized by which of the following phases? Select one: A. Delayed reaction, alarm response, and physical recovery B. Alarm response, reaction and resistance, and recovery C. Reaction and resistance, euphoria, and physical exhaustion D. Immediate reaction, psychological exhaustion, and recovery

B. Alarm response, reaction and resistance, and recovery

Which of the following statements regarding an emergency patient move is correct? Select one: A. The spine must be fully immobilized prior to performing an emergency move. B. An emergency move is performed before the primary assessment and treatment. C. The patient is dragged against the body's long axis during an emergency move. D. It is not possible to perform an emergency move without injuring the patient.

B. An emergency move is performed before the primary assessment and treatment.

When providing bag-mask ventilations to an infant, what is most important to remember? A. Blood pressure typically increases with age. B. An infant's lungs are fragile. C. An infant grows at a rate of about 30 g per day. D. An infant has a proportionately larger tongue than an adult.

B. An infant's lungs are fragile.

Which of the following is an anatomic difference between children and adults? A. The ribcage of an infant is less flexible than an adult's. B. An infant's tongue is proportionately larger than an adult's. C. The trachea of an infant is proportionately longer than an adult's. D. An infant's head accounts for less body weight than an adult's.

B. An infant's tongue is proportionately larger than an adult's

Which of the following statements regarding anaerobic metabolism is correct? A Anaerobic metabolism can be supported in most of the body's cells for up to 10 minutes. B Anaerobic metabolism produces lactic acid and occurs when cellular oxygen is limited. C The body functions optimally and produces maximum ATP during anaerobic metabolism. D Without anaerobic metabolism, perfusion to the body would suffer and cellular death would occur.

B. Anaerobic metabolism produces lactic acid and occurs when cellular oxygen is limited.

An infant who is repeatedly rejected experiences what type of attachment? A. Secure attachment B. Anxious-avoidant attachment C. Trust and mistrust D. Rejection attachment

B. Anxious-avoidant attachment

The central nervous system is composed of the: A. spinal cord and sensory nerves. B. brain and spinal cord. C. motor and sensory nerves. D. brain and sensory nerves.

B. Brain and spinal cord

If it is not possible to adequately clean your ambulance at the hospital following a call, you should: Select one: A. quickly wipe down all high contact surfaces with an antibacterial solution. B. clean the ambulance at your station in a designated area that is well ventilated. C. wait until the end of your shift and then disinfect the entire patient compartment. D. thoroughly wash the back of the ambulance at a local car wash or similar facility.

B. clean the ambulance at your station in a designated area that is well ventilated.

Which of the following conditions would affect the "Q" portion of the V/Q ratio?

pulmonary embolism

Pathophysiology is the study of the functional changes that occur when the body reacts to a particular: A. assessment. B. disease. C. protocol. D. medication.

B. disease

What type of stress reaction occurs when an EMT is exposed to many insignificant stressors over a period of several months or years? Select one: A. acute stress reaction B. cumulative stress reaction C. posttraumatic stress reaction D. critical incident stress reaction

B. cumulative stress reaction

Why does the incidence of diabetes mellitus increase with age? A. decreased food intake, decreased weight gain, and decreased blood sugar levels B. decreased physical activity, increased weight gain, and decreased insulin production C. increased physical activity, increased food intake, and increased insulin production D. decreased physical activity, increased weight gain, and decreased blood sugar levels

B. decreased physical activity, increased weight gain, and decreased insulin production

When decontaminating the back of your ambulance after a call, you should: Select one: A. clean all surfaces and patient contact areas with a mixture of alcohol and water. B. allow surfaces to air dry unless otherwise indicated in the product directions. C. use a bleach and water solution at a 1:2 dilution ratio to thoroughly wipe all surfaces. D. spray the contaminated areas and then immediately wipe them dry with a towel.

B. allow surfaces to air dry unless otherwise indicated in the product directions.

As the bronchus divides into smaller bronchioles, the terminal ends of these smaller passages form the: Select one: A. bronchi. B. alveoli. C. pleura. D. capillaries.

B. alveoli.

You and your partner respond to the residence of a 66-year-old male with shortness of breath. As you are assessing the patient, his wife tells you that he was recently diagnosed with lung cancer. The patient is verbally abusive and tells you that failure of the health care system caused his disease. What stage of the grieving process is this patient's behavior consistent with? Select one: A. denial B. anger C. bargaining D. depression

B. anger

An unrestrained patient is sitting in his car after an automobile crash. He is conscious and alert, has no visible trauma, and is complaining of neck and back pain. Before removing him from his car, you should: A. slide a scoop stretcher under his buttocks and rotate him laterally. B. apply a cervical collar and immobilize him with a vest-style device. C. perform a detailed head-to-toe assessment and apply a cervical collar. D. maintain manual stabilization of his head and grasp him by the clothes.

B. apply a cervical collar and immobilize him with a vest-style device.

Both areas of the pons are used to: A. Ensure that the lungs do not overinflate during breathing B. Augment respirations during emotional or physical stress C. Provide forced inspiration or expiration as needed D. Set the base rate and depth of breathing in a healthy person

B. augment respirations during emotional or physical stress

To avoid injury when pushing a patient or other object, you should: A. push the patient from an overhead position if possible. B. avoid pushing the patient with your elbows fully extended. C. push from the area of your body between the knees and hips. D. kneel if you are pushing an object that is above waist level.

B. avoid pushing the patient with your elbows fully extended.

(4.8) When you begin an oral report, you should state the patient's age, sex, and: A. any known allergies. B. chief complaint. C. the emergency care given. D. past medical history.

B. chief complaint.

(4.35) You are dispatched to the residence of an Asian family for a child with a high fever. When you assess the child, you note that he has numerous red marks on his back. The child's parents explain that these marks represent coining—a traditional Asian healing practice in which hot coins are rubbed on the back. You should: A. acknowledge and respect this practice as a cultural belief, but advise the child's parents that it has no healing power. B. document this on your patient care report and advise the emergency department staff of what the child's parents told you. C. advise the child's parents that this is a harmful practice and is considered a form of child abuse in the United States. D. advise the emergency department physician that you feel as though the child was intentionally abused by his parents.

B. document this on your patient care report and advise the emergency department staff of what the child's parents told you.

You have been called to the scene of a high-speed motor vehicle collision involving two compact cars. The first vehicle was a roll-over, ejecting the driver. The second vehicle contained both a driver and a front-seat passenger who cannot be reached because the door is up against a building. For the passenger in the second vehicle, you may need to perform a(n) _____ on the driver in order to reach the patient. Select one: A. extremity lift B. emergency move C. short backboard D. You should do nothing different; treat each patient the same.

B. emergency move

You should not attempt to lift a patient who weighs more than 250 lb with fewer than _______ rescuers, regardless of individual strength. A. three B. four C. five D. six

B. four

Vaccination against the hepatitis A virus is unnecessary if you: Select one: A. have a weak immune system. B. have been infected with hepatitis in the past. C. are older than 35 years of age. D. received a hepatitis B vaccination.

B. have been infected with hepatitis in the past.

You should perform an urgent move in all of the following situations, EXCEPT: Select one: A. if a patient has an altered level of consciousness. B. if the patient is complaining of neck pain. C. in extreme weather conditions. D. if a patient has inadequate ventilation or shock.

B. if the patient is complaining of neck pain.

Physical changes that typically occur in early adults include an: Select one: A. increase in height because of spinal disc expansion. B. increase in fatty tissue, which leads to weight gain. C. increase in respiratory rate due to increased metabolism. D. increase in muscle strength and reflexes.

B. increase in fatty tissue, which leads to weight gain.

You are attending to a 34-year-old male patient who requires transport to the hospital for assessment of his chronic back pain. The patient weighs over 750 pounds. Your bariatric stretcher has a wider surface area to allow for: Select one: A. increased lifting capacity and patient weight load. B. increased patient comfort and dignity. C. increased stability and leverage when lifting with more than two providers. D. better stability when moving the patient on uneven ground.

B. increased patient comfort and dignity.

The diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract during: Select one: A. ventilation. B. inhalation. C. exhalation. D. respiration.

B. inhalation.

The MOST serious consequence of a poorly planned or rushed patient move is: Select one: A. unnecessarily wasting time. B. injury to you or your patient. C. causing patient anxiety or fear. D. confusion among team members.

B. injury to you or your patient.

When moving a conscious, weak patient down a flight of stairs, you should: A. secure the patient to a scoop stretcher and carry him or her headfirst down the stairs to the awaiting stretcher. B. place the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs and carry the patient down the stairs with a stair chair. C. assist the patient in walking down the stairs and place him or her on the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs. D. collapse the undercarriage of the wheeled stretcher and carefully carry the patient down the stairs on the stretcher.

B. place the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs and carry the patient down the stairs with a stair chair.

When moving a conscious, weak patient down a flight of stairs, you should: Select one: A. secure the patient to a scoop stretcher and carry him or her headfirst down the stairs to the awaiting stretcher. B. place the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs and carry the patient down the stairs with a stair chair. C. collapse the undercarriage of the wheeled stretcher and carefully carry the patient down the stairs on the stretcher. D. assist the patient in walking down the stairs and place him or her on the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs.

B. place the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs and carry the patient down the stairs with a stair chair.

In most instances, you should move a patient on a wheeled ambulance stretcher by: A. pushing the foot of the stretcher while your partner guides the head. B. pushing the head of the stretcher while your partner guides the foot. C. slightly lifting the stretcher to prevent unnecessary patient movement. D. retracting the undercarriage and carrying the stretcher to the ambulance.

B. pushing the head of the stretcher while your partner guides the foot.

(4.16) As you are wheeling your patient through the emergency department doors, you receive a/anther call for a major motor vehicle crash. You should: A. place the patient in a high-visibility area and then respond to the call. B. respond only after giving a verbal patient report to a nurse or physician. C. leave a copy of the run form with a nurse and then respond to the call. D. inform the admissions clerk of the situation and then respond at once.

B. respond only after giving a verbal patient report to a nurse or physician.

You are assessing a 13-month-old female who is running a fever and has been vomiting. While you are performing your physical examination on this child, you will MOST likely find that she: A. is unable to track your movements with her eyes. B. responds to her name but is fearful of your presence. C. will readily allow you to separate her from her mother. D. has bulging fontanelles secondary to severe dehydration.

B. responds to her name but is fearful of your presence.

The _________ is both the mechanical weight-bearing base of the spinal column and the fused central posterior section of the pelvic girdle. Select one: A. coccyx B. sacrum C. thorax D. ischium

B. sacrum

Clingy behavior and the fear of unfamiliar people or places are normal among 10-to 18-month-old children and are commonly caused by _______ anxiety. A. bonding B. separation C. avoidant D. mistrust

B. separation

The risk of bleeding in the skull, which increases with age, is MOST directly related to: Select one: A. meningeal deterioration. B. shrinkage of the brain. C. blood vessel dilation. D. a decrease in neurons.

B. shrinkage of the brain.

The electrical impulse of the heart normally begins at the: Select one: A. bundle of His. B. sinoatrial node. C. atrioventricular node. D. Purkinje fibers.

B. sinoatrial node.

You are dispatched to a call for a 4-month-old infant with respiratory distress. While you prepare to take care of this child, you must remember that: Select one: A. an infant's head should be placed in a flexed position to prevent obstruction. B. small infants are nose breathers and require clear nasal passages at all times. C. assisted ventilations in infants often need to be forceful to inflate their lungs. D. the infant's proportionately small tongue often causes an airway obstruction.

B. small infants are nose breathers and require clear nasal passages at all times.

The primary organ responsible for absorption of the products of digestion is the: Select one: A. pancreas. B. small intestine. C. gallbladder. D. large intestine.

B. small intestine.

Worn-out blood cells, foreign substances, and bacteria are filtered from the blood by the: Select one: A. liver. B. spleen. C. pancreas. D. kidney.

B. spleen.

You respond to the home of a 59 year old man who is unconscious, has slow, shallow breathing; and has a weak pulse. The family states that the patient has terminal brain cancer and does not wish to be resuscitated. They further state that there is a DNR order for this patient, but they are unable to locate it. You should: A. Transport the patient without providing any treatment B. Honor the patients wishes and withhold all treatment C. Decide on further action once the DNR order is produced D. Begin treatment and contact med control as needed

Begin treatment and contact med control as needed

When you and your partner arrive at the residence of a man in cardiac arrest, you immediately recognize the patient as the drunk driver who killed your brother several years earlier. A backup ambulance is en route to the scene. You should: A. Wait for the backup ambulance while your partner performs CPR B. Begin two-rescuer CPR and apply the AED as soon as possible C. Advise your partner that you cannot provide care to this patient D. Obtain permission from med control to not attempt resuscitation

Begin two-rescuer CPR and apply the AED as soon as possible

When a patient is dying, he or she may experience regression. This is MOST accurately defined as: A. Fear of being completely dependent upon other people B. Behavior consistent with an earlier developmental stage C. Decreased ability to exercise age-appropriate judgement D. Anger projected toward the EMT or other providers

Behavior consistent with an earlier developmental stage

Carbon monoxide blocks the ability of the blood to oxygenate the body because it: A. Fills the alveoli in the lungs with thick secretions B. Destroys the number of circulating RBCs C. Binds with the hemoglobin in RBCs D. Causes the body to expel too much carbon dioxide

Binds with the hemoglobin in RBCs

The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through the:

pulmonary veins.

You are encouraging a patient to go to the hospital by ambulance. You know that a transport will keep you on duty several hours after your regular quitting time. This is an example of __________. A. abuse of authority B. undue hardship C. patient advocacy D. scope of practice

C

Which of the following arteries does NOT carry highly oxygenated blood? A. aorta B. femoral C. pulmonary D. renal

C pulmonary

(4.24) A 60-year-old man complains of chest pain. He is conscious and alert and denies shortness of breath. Which of the following questions would be the MOST appropriate to ask him? A. "Does the pain in your chest feel like a stabbing sensation?" B. "Does the pain in your chest move to either of your arms?" C. "Do you have any heart problems or take any medications?" D. "Were you exerting yourself when the chest pain began?"

C. "Do you have any heart problems or take any medications?"

(4.19) You are interviewing a 52-year-old man who complains of chest discomfort. The patient is a retired paramedic and is very anxious because he thinks he is having a heart attack. Which of the following statements would be appropriate to say? A. "I notice that you are a retired paramedic, so I'm sure you will understand all of the things that we will be doing to you." B. "This is nothing to worry about. Please try to stay calm. The physician at the hospital will probably not find any signs of a heart problem." C. "It is possible that you are experiencing a heart attack. I am going to give you four baby aspirin to chew and swallow." D. "We need to take you to the ED stat. We will give you ASA and NTG en route and then reassess your vitals. Do you have any questions?"

C. "It is possible that you are experiencing a heart attack. I am going to give you four baby aspirin to chew and swallow."

Children of which age group are considered toddlers? Select one: A. 3-6 years B. Over 6 years C. 1-3 years D. 1 month to 1 year

C. 1-3 years

An adolescent is a person between the ages of: A. 6 and 12 years. B. 3 and 6 years. C. 12 and 18 years. D. 10 and 19 years.

C. 12 and 18 years.

When pulling a patient, you should extend your arms no more than ________ in front of your torso. A. 20 to 30 inches B. 5 to 10 inches C. 15 to 20 inches D. 10 to 15 inches

C. 15 to 20 inches

You see an infant capable of reaching out to people and drooling. She is most likely: A. 2 months of age. B. 3 months of age. C. 4 months of age. D. 5 months of age.

C. 4 months of age.

The average pulse rate of persons between 19 and 60 years of age is typically: Select one: A. 90 beats/min. B. 80 beats/min. C. 70 beats/min. D. 60 beats/min.

C. 70 beats/min.

During each heartbeat, ___________ of blood is ejected from the adult heart, an amount called the stroke volume. Select one: A. 40 to 50 mL B. 90 to 100 mL C. 70 to 80 mL D. 100 to 120 mL

C. 70 to 80 mL

Which of the following would provide the EMT with the BEST cover in a situation involving active gunfire? Select one: A. Stacked empty barrels B. A large cluster of shrubs C. A concrete barricade D. Behind a car door

C. A concrete barricade

Which of the following statements regarding the scoop stretcher is NOT correct? A. The construction of the scoop stretcher prohibits x-rays while the patient is on it. B. You must fully secure the patient to the scoop stretcher before moving him or her. C. A scoop stretcher will provide adequate immobilization of a patient's spinal column. D. Both sides of the patient must be accessible in order for a scoop stretcher to be used.

C. A scoop stretcher will provide adequate immobilization of a patient's spinal column.

What do middle adults tend to focus their time and energy on? A. Raising a family B. Excelling in a career C. Achieving life goals D. Creating a self-image

C. Achieving life goals

Why should you be concerned about a 16-year-old patient who seems depressed? A. She could be exhibiting rebellious behavior. B. She has just finished her growth spurt and may be disappointed in the results. C. Adolescents are at a higher risk for suicide. D. She may be having unprotected sex.

C. Adolescents are at a higher risk for suicide.

Which of the following statements regarding an emergency patient move is correct? A. It is not possible to perform an emergency move without injuring the patient. B. The patient is dragged against the body's long axis during an emergency move. C. An emergency move is performed before the primary assessment and treatment. D. The spine must be fully immobilized prior to performing an emergency move.

C. An emergency move is performed before the primary assessment and treatment.

When a patient is dying, he or she may experience regression. This is MOST accurately defined as: Select one: A. anger projected toward the EMT or other providers. B. fear of being completely dependent upon other people. C. behavior consistent with an earlier developmental stage. D. a decreased ability to exercise age-appropriate judgment.

C. behavior consistent with an earlier developmental stage.

An infant's blood pressure typically increases with age because: Select one: A. the infant's total blood volume decreases with age. B. his or her normal heart rate usually increases with age. C. blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight. D. as the infant gets older, his or her blood vessels dilate.

C. blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight.

(4.17) A 4-year-old boy had an apparent seizure. He is conscious and calm and is sitting on his mother's lap. His father is sitting in a nearby chair. The child's mother suddenly begins crying uncontrollably, which causes the child to start crying. You should: A. reassure the child's mother that seizures in children are very common and that there is nothing to worry about. B. attempt to calm the child's mother, but avoid separating her from her child because this will increase her anxiety. C. consider asking the father to hold the child so you can assess him while your partner tries to calm the mother. D. give the child a favorite toy or blanket to hold onto and perform your assessment to the best of your ability.

C. consider asking the father to hold the child so you can assess him while your partner tries to calm the mother.

From birth to 1 month old, a person is called a(n): A. infant. B. toddler. C. neonate. D. newborn.

C. neonate.

You are assessing a middle-aged man with chest pain that you suspect is caused by a cardiac problem. The patient tells you that he does not want to go to the hospital and insists that you leave him alone. You should: Select one: A. reassure him that he will not receive a bill for the EMS call if he cannot pay. B. tell him that he is having a heart attack and that he needs to go to the hospital. C. explain the seriousness of the situation to him, but avoid causing undue alarm. D. proceed to treat him because the stress of the situation has impaired his thinking.

C. explain the seriousness of the situation to him, but avoid causing undue alarm.

The bony prominence on the lateral/superior aspect of the thigh is called the: A. Iliac crest B. Sacral symphysis C. Greater trochanter D. Sacroiliac joint

C. greater trochanter

A by-product of involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation is: A. oxygen. B. lactic acid. C. heat. D. nitrogen.

C. heat

In contrast to typical wheeled ambulance stretchers, features of a bariatric stretcher include: Select one: A. a collapsible undercarriage. B. weight capacity of up to 650 lb. C. increased stability from a wider wheelbase. D. two safety rails on both sides of the stretcher.

C. increased stability from a wider wheelbase.

A 16-year-old female complains of vaginal bleeding and abdominal cramping that began several hours ago. During your assessment interview, you should: / inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible. A. avoid asking questions that she will feel uncomfortable answering. B. recall that patients in this age group prefer not to be treated as adults. C. inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible. D. obtain the majority of your information from one of her parents.

C. inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible.

The diaphragm is unique because it: Select one: A. does not receive impulses from the brain. B. is the exclusive muscle of breathing. C. is both a voluntary and an involuntary muscle. D. does not have striations like skeletal muscle.

C. is both a voluntary and an involuntary muscle.

(4.4) Calming and reassuring an anxious patient can be facilitated by: A. using medical terminology to ensure the patient understands. B. positioning yourself at a level that is higher than the patient. C. maintaining eye contact with the patient whenever possible. D. withholding unpleasant information until arrival at the hospital.

C. maintaining eye contact with the patient whenever possible.

The most superior section of the sternum is called the: Select one: A. costal arch. B. angle of Louis. C. manubrium. D. xiphoid process.

C. manubrium.

At the scene of an automobile crash, a utility pole has been broken and power lines are lying across the car. The patients inside the car are conscious. You should: Select one: A. remove the lines with a nonconductive object. B. proceed with normal extrication procedures. C. mark off a danger zone around the downed lines. D. advise the patients to carefully get out of the car.

C. mark off a danger zone around the downed lines.

You are dispatched to a public park in the middle of a sprawling for an arm injury. You arrive to find a crying 8-year-old boy cradling his swollen deformed left forearm. His friends tell you that he was holding onto the bars of the play structure and that his arm 'snapped' when he jumped into the sand below. You would expect this boy's pulse to be: A. between 60 and 80 beats/min. B. higher than 150 beats/min. C. most likely above 90 beats/min. D. around 70 beats/min

C. most likely above 90 beats/min.

(4.5) When communicating with an older patient, it is important to remember that: A. speaking loudly and distinctly will ensure that the patient can hear you. B. your questions should focus exclusively on the patient's obvious problem. C. most older people think clearly and are capable of answering questions. D. hostility and confusion should be presumed to be due to the patient's age.

C. most older people think clearly and are capable of answering questions.

(4.34) When providing a patient report via radio, you should protect the patient's privacy by: A. using coded medical language. B. withholding medical history data. C. not disclosing his or her name. D. refraining from objective statements.

C. not disclosing his or her name.

Prescription glasses do not provide adequate eye protection because they: Select one: A. have large rounded lenses. B. are not secured with a strap. C. offer little or no side protection. D. do not have shatterproof lenses.

C. offer little or no side protection.

You are attending to a 26-year-old female who is 34 weeks pregnant with her first child. Your patient has been having lower abdominal pains and cramping for the past two hours. In placing your patient on the stretcher and preparing for transport, you should place her: A. in a position of comfort. B. supine with her legs elevated. C. on her left side. D. in the Fowler position.

C. on her left side.

You are attending to a 26-year-old female who is 34 weeks pregnant with her first child. Your patient has been having lower abdominal pains and cramping for the past two hours. In placing your patient on the stretcher and preparing for transport, you should place her: Select one: A. supine with her legs elevated. B. in the Fowler position. C. on her left side. D. in a position of comfort.

C. on her left side.

Anterior to the knee is a specialized bone called the: Select one: A. tibia. B. femur. C. patella. D. calcaneus.

C. patella.

Physiologic manifestations of stress include: Select one: A. flushed skin, decreased muscle control, and vomiting. B. slow heart rate, low blood pressure, and severe headaches. C. perspiration, increased blood glucose levels, and dilated pupils. D. increased blood pressure, decreased blood glucose levels, and chest pain.

C. perspiration, increased blood glucose levels, and dilated pupils.

White blood cells, which are also called leukocytes, function by: A producing the body's erythrocytes. B producing blood-clotting factors. C protecting the body from infection. D carrying oxygen and other nutrients.

C. protecting the body from infection

The primary function of the right atrium is to: Select one: A. pump blood to the pulmonary artery. B. pump blood to the lungs for reoxygenation. C. receive blood from the vena cava. D. receive blood from the pulmonary veins.

C. receive blood from the vena cava.

(4.9) After receiving online orders from medical control to perform a patient care intervention, you should: A. ask the physician to repeat the order. B. confirm the order in your own words. C. repeat the order to medical control word for word. D. perform the intervention as ordered.

C. repeat the order to medical control word for word.

(4.25) Typical components of an oral patient report include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. important medical history not previously given. B. the chief complaint or mechanism of injury. C. the set of baseline vital signs taken at the scene. D. the patient's response to treatment you provided.

C. the set of baseline vital signs taken at the scene.

To facilitate a safe and coordinated move, the team leader should: A. speak softly but clearly to avoid startling the patient. B. never become involved in the move, only direct the move. C. use preparatory commands to initiate any moves. D. be positioned at the feet so the team can hear.

C. use preparatory commands to initiate any moves.

The left side of a patient's heart is in severe failure, causing blood to back up behind it. Which one of the following signs and symptoms are you most likely to see in this patient?

Crackles in the lungs

Which type of stress reaction occurs when an EMT is exposed to many insignificant stressors over a period of several months or years?

Cumulative stress reaction

(4.38) You and your partner are dispatched to a residence for an "ill person." When you arrive, you find that the patient, a 44-year-old man, does not speak English. There are no relatives or bystanders present who can act as an interpreter. You should: A. speak to the patient with a moderately louder voice to facilitate his ability to understand what you are saying. B. refrain from performing any assessment or treatment until you can contact someone who can function as an interpreter. C. use short, simple questions and point to specific parts of your body to try to determine the source of the patient's complaint. D. give the patient oxygen, assess his vital signs, and transport him to the hospital in a position of comfort.

C. use short, simple questions and point to specific parts of your body to try to determine the source of the patient's complaint.

When carrying a patient up or down stairs, you should avoid: A. flexing your body at the knees. B. the use of more than two EMTs. C. using a wheeled stretcher whenever possible. D. the use of a long backboard or scoop stretcher.

C. using a wheeled stretcher whenever possible.

In an otherwise healthy adult, blood loss would cause: Select one: A. vascular dilation and tachycardia. B. vascular constriction and bradycardia. C. vascular constriction and tachycardia. D. vascular dilation and bradycardia.

C. vascular constriction and tachycardia.

A patient has a blood pressure of 130/70 mm Hg. The "130" in this measurement represents: A. atrial contraction. B. ventricular relaxation. C. ventricular contraction. D. ventricular filling.

C. ventricular contraction

Critical incident stress management (CISM) can occur at an ongoing scene in all of the following circumstances, EXCEPT: Select one: A. when personnel are assessed during periods of rest. B. before personnel are preparing to reenter the scene. C. when patients are actively being assessed or treated. D. before leaving the scene after the incident is resolved

C. when patients are actively being assessed or treated.

When pulling a patient, you should do all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. extend your arms no more than about 15 to 20 inches (38 to 50 cm). B. reposition your feet so that the force of pull will be balanced equally. C. when you can pull no farther, lean forward another 15 to 20 inches (38 to 50 cm). D. pull the patient by slowly flexing your arms.

C. when you can pull no farther, lean forward another 15 to 20 inches(38 to 50 cm).

Hazards that are associated with a structural fire include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. Risk of building collapse B. High ambient temperatures C. Smoke and toxic gases D. Carbon dioxide deficiency

Carbon dioxide deficiency

Which of the following incidents does NOT require a report to be filed with local authorities?

Cardiac arrest

The spread of HIV and hepatitis in the health care setting can usually be traced to: A. Lack of proper immunizations B. Noncompliance with standard precautions C. Excessive blood splashing or splattering D. Careless handling of sharps

Careless handling of sharps

Which part of the central nervous system is responsible for coordinating bodily movements such as writing or sewing?

Cerebellum

Which part of the central nervous system is responsible for coordinating bodily movements such as writing or sewing? A. Cerebellum B. Brain stem C. Hypothalamus D. Cerebrum

Cerebellum

If it is not possible to adequately clean your ambulance at the hospital following a call, you should: A. Thoroughly wash the back of the ambulance at a local car wash or similar facility B. Clean the ambulance at your station in a designated area that is well ventilated C. Quickly wipe down all high-contact surfaces with an antibacterial solution D. Wait until the end of your shift and then disinfect the entire patient compartment

Clean the ambulance at your station in a designated area that is well ventilated

Which type of stress reaction occurs when an EMT is exposed to many insignificant stressors over a period of several months or years? A. Acute stress reaction B. Critical incident stress reaction C. Cumulative stress reaction D. Post traumatic stress reaction

Cumulative stress reaction

Which of the following statements regarding the NREMT is correct? A. EMS training standards are regulated by the NREMT. B. The NREMT provides a national standard for EMS testing. C. The NREMT is the exclusive certifying body for EMTs. C. The NREMT is a governmental agency that certifies EMTs. D. The NREMT provides a national standard for EMS testing.

D

Key hormones of the sympathetic nervous system include: A. Acetylcholine and insulin B. Norepinephrine and acetylcholine C. Glucagon and noradrenaline D. Epinephrine and norepinephrine

D epinephrine and norepinephrine

Which of the following is NOT a part of the life cycle of sperm? A Produced in specialized cells and ducts in the male testicle B Develops and matures in the epididymis C Carried through the vasa deferentia to the urethra during ejaculation D Deposited by the seminal vesicles

D Deposited by the seminal vesicles

(4.31) Which of the following statements is NOT appropriate to document in the narrative section of a PCR? A. "Significant damage was noted to the front end of the vehicle." B. "After oxygen was administered, the patient's breathing improved." C. "The patient admits to smoking marijuana earlier in the day." D. "General impression revealed that the patient was intoxicated."

D. "General impression revealed that the patient was intoxicated."

The average adult has approximately ___________ of blood in his or her vascular system. Select one: A. 3 L B. 5 L C. 4 L D. 6 L

D. 6 L.

A critical incident stress debriefing should be conducted no longer than ________ hours following the incident. Select one: A. 6 B. 12 C. 24 D. 72

D. 72

A normal systolic blood pressure for a 30-year-old is between: Select one: A. 70 and 140 mm Hg. B. 80 and 120 mm Hg. C. 60 and 120 mm Hg. D. 90 and 140 mm Hg.

D. 90 and 140 mm Hg.

Which of the following conditions or situations presents the MOST unique challenge to the EMT when immobilizing an elderly patient on a long backboard? A. Patient disorientation B. Naturally deformed bones C. Joint flexibility D. Abnormal spinal curvature

D. Abnormal spinal curvature

Which of the following conditions or situations presents the MOST unique challenge to the EMT when immobilizing an elderly patient on a long backboard? Select one: A. Joint flexibility B. Patient disorientation C. Naturally deformed bones D. Abnormal spinal curvature

D. Abnormal spinal curvature

Why do colds develop so easily in toddlers and preschoolers? A. They experience a loss of passive immunity. B. They do not have well-developed lung musculature. C. They are spending a lot of time around playmates and classmates. D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Why is breathing more labor intensive for the elderly? A. The size of the airway increases and the surface area of the alveoli decreases. B. The natural elasticity of the lungs decreases. C. The overall strength of the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm decreases. D. All of the above

D. All of the above

You may injure your back if you lift: Select one: A. with your back curved. B. with your back straight, but bent significantly forward at the hips. C. with the shoulder girdle anterior to the pelvis. D. All of these answers are correct.

D. All of these answers are correct.

You and your partner enter the residence of an elderly couple, both of whom are found unconscious in their bed. There is no evidence of trauma. As you begin your assessment, you and your partner notice the smell of natural gas in the residence. Which of the following should be your MOST appropriate action? A. Perform a rapid assessment and then move the patients from their residence. B. Request another ambulance to assist with lifting and moving the patients. C. Quickly exit the residence and request the fire department to move the patients. D. Rapidly remove the patients from their residence using a blanket or clothes drag.

D. Rapidly remove the patients from their residence using a blanket or clothes drag.

When performing the rapid extrication technique to remove a patient from his or her vehicle, you should: A. apply a vest-style extrication device prior to moving the patient. B. apply a cervical collar and immobilize the patient on a short backboard. C. grasp the patient by the clothing and drag him or her from the car. D. apply a cervical collar and remove the patient on a long backboard.

D. apply a cervical collar and remove the patient on a long backboard.

(4.32) You are assessing a 75-year-old woman with mild shortness of breath. As you are asking her questions regarding her chief complaint and medical history, you progressively move closer and closer to her. In doing this, it is important to remember that: A. it is necessary to enter an older person's intimate space because the elderly are typically hearing impaired. B. placing yourself in the patient's personal space is relaying to her that you can be trusted. C. a patient's personal space should not be violated, regardless of any barriers that may hamper communication. D. as you physically get closer to the patient, a greater and greater sense of trust must be established.

D. as you physically get closer to the patient, a greater and greater sense of trust must be established.

Common factors that influence how a patient reacts to the stress of an illness or injury include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. history of chronic disease. B. mental disorders. C. fear of medical personnel. D. assessment by the EMT.

D. assessment by the EMT.

The decline in cardiac function that commonly occurs in late adulthood is MOST often related to: Select one: A. medication use. B. hypotension. C. kidney failure. D. atherosclerosis.

D. atherosclerosis.

(4.21) Any radio hardware containing a transmitter and receiver that is located in a fixed location is called a: A. multiplex. B. repeater. C. mobile radio. D. base station.

D. base station.

Contraction of the right ventricle causes: Select one: A. a return of blood from the pulmonary veins. B. ejection of blood into the systemic circulation. C. closure of the mitral and aortic valves. D. blood to flow into the pulmonary circulation.

D. blood to flow into the pulmonary circulation.

(4.36) In what manner should you act and speak with a patient? A. loud and official B. passive C. authoritative D. calm and confident

D. calm and confident

(4.30) Which of the following incidents does NOT require a report to be filed with local authorities? A. gunshot wounds B. animal bites C. spousal abuse D. cardiac arrest

D. cardiac arrest

Why does the incidence of diabetes mellitus increase with age?

Decreased physical activity, increased weight gain, and decreased insulin production

Determination of exposure is an important component of an infection control plan because it: Select one: A. determines the time of day that most exposures are likely to occur. B. determines which type of communicable disease might be present in the workplace. C. defines who is most likely to transmit communicable diseases in the workplace. D. defines who is at risk for contact with blood and body fluids and which tasks pose a risk of exposure.

D. defines who is at risk for contact with blood and body fluids and which tasks pose a risk of exposure.

(4.6) After delivering your patient to the hospital, you sit down to complete the PCR. When documenting the patient's last blood pressure reading, you inadvertently write 120/60 instead of 130/70. To correct this mistake, you should: A. leave the error on your PCR but inform the staff of the patient's actual blood pressure. B. cover the error with Correction fluid and simply write the patient's actual blood pressure over it. C. attempt to erase the error, initial it, and then write the correct data on a separate addendum. D. draw a single horizontal line through the error, initial it, and write the correct data next to it.

D. draw a single horizontal line through the error, initial it, and write the correct data next to it.

Work, family, and stress best describe the life stage known as: A. middle adulthood. B. adolescence. C. late adulthood. D. early adulthood.

D. early adulthood.

During shock states cells often receive less oxygen. This is referred to​ as: A. aerobic metabolism. B. edema development. C. lactic acid production. D. hypoperfusion.

D. hypoperfusion

The pelvic bones are formed by the fusion of the: Select one: A. sacrum and ischium. B. pubis and acetabulum. C. ilium, pubis, and sacrum. D. ilium, ischium, and pubis.

D. ilium, ischium, and pubis.

Which of the following is the MOST significant factor in determining if a person will become ill from certain germs? Select one: A. age B. race C. gender D. immunity

D. immunity

(4.20) Which of the following is NOT a function of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)? A. licensing base stations and assigning appropriate radio call signs B. allocating specific radio frequencies for use by EMS providers C. monitoring all radio traffic and conducting field spot checks D. maintaining communications equipment on the ambulance

D. maintaining communications equipment on the ambulance

The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through the: Select one: A. pulmonary arteries. B. inferior venae cavae. C. superior venae cavae. D. pulmonary veins.

D. pulmonary veins

Quid pro quo, a type of sexual harassment, occurs when the harasser: Select one: A. stares at certain parts of another person's anatomy. B. touches another person without his or her consent. C. makes rude remarks about a person's body parts. D. requests sexual favors in exchange for something else.

D. requests sexual favors in exchange for something else.

The ___________ portion of the spinal column is joined to the iliac bones of the pelvis. Select one: A. thoracic B. lumbar C. coccyx D. sacrum

D. sacrum

(4.2) What type of communications equipment functions as a radio receiver and searches across several frequencies? A. mobile repeater B. duplex station C. simplex station D. scanner

D. scanner

You are attending to a 22-year-old female patient who has overdosed. The patient is unresponsive in an upstairs bedroom. The most appropriate way to bring the patient downstairs is: A. secured to a stair chair with the strongest provider at the foot end. B. secured to a fracture board with the strongest provider at the foot end. C. secured to a stair chair with the strongest provider at the head end. D. secured to a fracture board with the strongest provider at the head end.

D. secured to a fracture board with the strongest provider at the head end.

While on duty, your partner asks you out on a date and touches you in an inappropriate location without your consent. You should: Select one: A. tell your partner to quit kidding around and focus on his or her job. B. warn your partner that you will report him or her if it happens again. C. notify law enforcement personnel and have your partner arrested. D. tell your partner to stop and report the incident to your supervisor.

D. tell your partner to stop and report the incident to your supervisor.

Atherosclerosis is defined as ________. Select one: A. the buildup of plaque inside blood vessels B. dilation of the arteries C. constriction of the blood vessels D. the blockage of a coronary artery

D. the blockage of a coronary artery

Determination of exposure is an important component of an infection control plan because it: A. Determines the time of day when most exposures are likely to occur B. Defines who is most likely to transmit communicable diseases in the workplace C. Determines which type of communicable disease might be present in the workplace D. Defines who is at risk for contact with blood and body fluids and which tasks pose a risk of exposure

Defines who is at risk for contact with blood and body fluids and which tasks pose a risk of exposure

It is especially important for EMS personnel to develop non adversarial relationships with their coworkers because they: A. Are highly prone to stress and burnout B. Must work together every third day C. Depend on one another for their safety D. May have to bunk in the same room

Depend on one another for their safety

Which of the following is an effective stress management strategy?

Developing a social network outside of EMS

Putrefaction is defined as: A. Blood settling to the lowest point of the body B. Profound cyanosis to the trunk and face C. Separation of the torso from the rest of the body D. Decomposition of the body's tissues

Decomposition of the body's tissues

You have been called to transport a patient who is suffering from an illness that has caused a decrease in the ability of the involuntary muscles to move. Which one of the following conditions should you expect?

Decreased movement of wastes through the large intestine

Which of the following is an effective stress management strategy? A. Modestly increasing caffeine consumption B. Developing a social network outside of EMS C. Requesting overtime to occupy your mind D. Frequently reflecting on troublesome calls

Developing a social network outside of EMS

Which of the following MOST accurately defines negligence?

Deviation from the standard of care that may result in further injury

Which of the following most accurately defines negligence? A. Transport of a mentally incompetent patient against his or her will B. Providing care that is consistent with care provided by other EMTS C. Transferring patient care to a provider with a lower level of training D. Deviation from the standard of care that may result in further injury

Deviation from the standard of care that may result in further injury

Which one of the following actions causes the patient to take a breath?

Diaphragm contracts

A patient has taken a medication that increases the activity of his sympathetic nervous system. Which one of the following signs and symptoms would the emt expect to find?

Dilated pupils

When palpating for a pulse on top of the foot, the emt is assessing blood flow in what vessel?

Dorsalis pedis artery

Which is the MOST appropriate method to use when moving a patient from his or her bed to a wheeled stretcher?

Draw sheet method

Where would you MOST likely find information regarding a patient's wishes to be an organ donor?

Driver's license

Where would you MOST likely find info regarding a patients wishes to be an organ donor? A. Voter registration card B. Drivers license C. Insurance card D. Social security card

Drivers license

Which of the following systems is responsible for releasing hormones that regulate body activities?

Endocrine

Which of the following systems is responsible for releasing hormones that regulate body activities? A. Nervous B. Endocrine C. Skeletal D. Reproductive

Endocrine

The compliance-monitoring component of an infection control plan should: A. Ensure that employees understand what they should do and why it is important B. Consist of a list of tasks that pose a risk for contact with blood or bodily fluids C. Identify who to notify after an exposure and where treatment should be provided D. Address issues such as medical waste collection, storage, and ambulance disinfection

Ensure that employees understand what they should do and why it is important

What should you do before attempting to access a patients trapped in a vehicle? A. Request another ambulance B. Check for other patients C. Contact med control D. Ensure the vehicle is stable

Ensure the vehicle is stable

The MOST important consideration at the scene of hazardous materials incident is: A. Identifying the hazardous material B. Calling the hazardous materials team C. Evacuating the bystanders D. Ensuring your personal safety

Ensuring your personal safety

A patient has been shot with a rifle. The bullet entered his chest just above the left nipple and exited his body just left of the lumbar spine. Which one of the following is appropriate to document on the prehospital care report?

Entry wound to the anterior thorax

An abrasion affects which part of the skin?

Epidermal and dermal layers

A patient has a severe swelling of the flap that helps to prevent food from enetering lower respiratory system. Knowing the that the suffix "itis" referes to inflammation, which one of the following conditions is the patient suffering from?

Epiglottitis

American Heart Association protocols are based on: A. Theories ready for field trial B. Trends in the EMS community C. Evidence-based research D. Opinions from a core group of cardiologists

Evidence-based research

When performing his or her duties, the EMT is generally expected to: A. Contact med control on every EMS call B. Function above his or her scope of practice C. Exercise reasonable care and act prudently D. Consistently exceed the standard of care

Exercise reasonable care and act prudently

Which type of consent is involved when a 39 year old mentally competent female with a severe headache asks you to take her to the hospital? A. Formal B. Informed C. Implied D. Expressed

Expressed

Which type of consent is involved when a 39-year-old mentally competent female with a severe headache asks you to take her to the hospital?

Expressed

You suspect that a pregnant 16-year-old girl has a broken leg after she was hit by a car. You explain that you plan to splint her leg, and she agrees to treatment. Which type of consent is her agreement considered?

Expressed

The hepatitis B vaccine program, a component of the infection control plan, addresses all of the following issues, EXCEPT: A. Family history of hepatitis B. Postvaccine antibody titers C. Record keeping and tracking D. Vaccine safety and efficacy

Family history of hepatitis

When considering his or her personal life, it is important for the EMT to realize that: A. It is more difficult to effectively relax at home than it is while on duty B. He or she should not discuss stressful issues with family members C. Shift work is the least stressful type of EMS-related work schedule D. Family or friends may not understand the stress associated with EMS

Family or friends may not understand the stress associated with EMS

Which of the following are central pulses? A. Popliteal and ulnar B. Femoral and carotid C. Brachial and radial D. Temporal and pedal

Femoral and carotid

A patient with bilateral femur fractures would have which of the​ following? A. A femur fracture in which the bone ends have punctured the muscle and skin of the thigh B. Fractures of both femurs C. A femur fracture occurring with little or no trauma D. Two fractures in the same femur

Fractures of both femurs

The EMT is legally obligated to protect a patient's privacy according to: A. APGAR B. HIPAA C. DCAP D. CQI

HIPAA

Vaccination against the hepatitis A virus is unnecessary if you: A. Received a hepatitis B vaccination B. Have been infected with hepatitis in the past C. Are older than 35 years of age D. Have a weak immune system

Have been infected with hepatitis in the past

You are transporting a 54-year-old male in respiratory arrest. An EMR is driving the ambulance as you and your partner are caring for the patient. Which of the following is the MOST logical way of notifying the hospital?

Have the driver contact dispatch and relay the patient information to the hospital

You and your partner arrive at the scene of a major motor vehicle crash. The driver, a young male, is severely entrapped in his car. He has an open head injury and massive facial trauma. He is unresponsive, is not breathing, and does not have a palpable carotid pulse. You should: A. Have your partner check for a pulse to confirm that the patient is deceased B. Stop any active bleeding and advise dispatch to send a paramedic crew C. Ventilate the patient for 5 minutes and then stop if there is no response D. Request the fire department to extricate the patient so you can begin CPR

Have your partner check for a pulse to confirm that the patient is deceased

___________ pressure is the pressure exerted by a liquid that occurs when blood moves through an artery at relatively high pressures.

Hydrostatic

___________ pressure is the pressure exerted by a liquid that occurs when blood moves through an artery at relatively high pressures. A. Hydrostatic B. Diffusion C. Osmotic D. Oncotic

Hydrostatic

In the eyes of the courts, an incomplete or untidy patient care form indicates: A. A potential falsification of the patient care form B. Thorough documentation was not required C. The EMT was too busy providing patient care to fill out the form D. Inadequate patient care was administered

Inadequate patient care was administered

Which of the following is NOT a common factor that would affect a 75-year-old patient's vital signs? A. Increased weight B. Medical conditions C. Medications D. Overall health

Increased weight

While providing care to a patient, blood got onto the ambulance stretcher. Because the stretcher was not properly cleaned afterward, a virus was transmitted to another emergency medical technician (EMT) several days later. Which route of transmission does this scenario describe?

Indirect contact

A patient with bronchitits is suffering from

Inflammation of the bronchioles

What is the function of platelets?

Initial formation of a blood clot.

What is the function of platelets? A. Transport of oxygen and nutrients B. Defense against invading organisms C. Initial formation of a blood clot D. Transport of cellular waste materials

Initial formation of a blood clot.

In many states, a minor may be treated as an adult for the purpose of consenting to or refusing medical treatment if the minor: A. Is self supporting and lives by him or herself B. Possesses a valid drivers license C. Has a poor relationship with his or her parents D. Is mentally competent and able to refuse

Is self supporting and lives by him or herself

Which of the following statements about patient care report is correct? A. Patient care cannot be discredited based on poor documentation B. Incomplete reports are common and accepted in EMS C. It is difficult to prove actions were performed if they are not included on the report D. EMTs are not liable for any actions that are not accurately documented

It is difficult to prove actions were performed if they are not included on the report

As an EMT, the standards of emergency care are often partially based on:

It is difficult to prove actions were performed if they are not included on the report.

Which of the following statements about the patient care report is correct?

It is difficult to prove actions were performed if they are not included on the report.

Nephritis indicates what kind of infection?

Kidney

Which of the following organs is NOT part of the digestive system? A. Pancreas B. Stomach C. Kidney D. Gallbladder

Kidney

Which of the following organs or structures lies within the retroperitoneal space? A. Ascending aorta B. Spleen C. Kidneys D. Gallbladder

Kidneys

When discussing left and right in terms of anatomic​ locations, what do they refer​ to? A.What left and right refer to anatomically is dependent on the​ patient's positioning when care is provided. B.Anatomic left and right refer to the​ provider's left and right orientation when facing a patient in the anatomic position. C.Left and right from the​ patient's perspective. D.Whoever is speaking about the anatomic location determines left and right orientation.

Left and right from the​ patient's perspective.

A patient who has had both her thyroid and parathyroid glands removed would most likely have difficulty with which one of the following?

Maintaining strong and healthy bones

After the scene of an automobile crash, a utility pole has been broken and power lines are lying across the car. The patients inside the car are conscious. You should: A. Advise the patients to carefully get out of the car B. Proceed with normal extrication procedures C. Mark off a danger zone around the downed lines D. Remove the lines with a nonconductive object

Mark off a danger zone around the downed lines

As an EMT, it is important to remember that the signs and symptoms of cumulative stress: A. Cannot be identified and can cause health problems B. Are most effectively treated with meds C. Usually manifest suddenly and without warning D. May not be obvious or present all the time

May not be obvious or present all the time

What is the primary reason for an EMT to use specific and proper medical​ terminology? A.Medical communication needs to be exact and consistent.. B.It will make patients and family members trust in the​ EMT's abilities more. C.People may think that an EMT is not intelligent or professional unless she uses medical terms. D.EMS providers​ can't bill for services unless the correct terminology is used in all documentation.

Medical communication needs to be exact and consistent.

The EMTs scope of practice within his or her local response area is defined by the: A. State EMS office B. Local health district C. EMS supervisor D. Medical director

Medical director

As an EMT, you may be authorized to administer aspirin to a patient with chest pain based on: A. The transport time to the hospital B. An order from a paramedic C. Medical director approval D. The patients condition

Medical director approval

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin?

Metabolic coordination

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin? A. Pressure and pain perception B. Temperature regulation C. Metabolic coordination D. Sensory reception

Metabolic coordination

A patient is experiencing the backup of blood and accumulation of fluid in lung tissue. Failure of which one of the heart's valves is likely to be responsible for this condition?

Mitral

When caring for a 65 year old male with respiratory distress, you place him in a comfortable position but do not apply oxygen. The patient's condition continues to deteriorate and he develops cardiac arrest and dies at the hospital. This scenario is an example of: A. Negligence B. Battery C. Abandonment D. Assault

Negligence

Maintaining the chain of evidence at the scene of a crime should include: A. Quickly moving any weapons out of the patient's sight B. Placing the patient in a private area until the police arrive C. Making brief notes at the scene and then completing them later D. Not cutting through holes in clothing that were caused by weapons

Not cutting through holes in clothing that were caused by weapons

Which of the following statements regarding the hepatitis B vaccine is correct? A. Vaccination against hepatitis B provides partial immunity life B. Vaccination with the hepatitis B vaccine confers immunity against hepatitis A C. The hepatitis B vaccine provides protection against the disease for 2 years D. OSHA requires that your employer offer you the vaccine free of charge

OSHA requires that your employer offer you the vaccine free of charge

According to OSHA regulations, an employer must: A. Screen all prospective employees for blood-borne pathogens B. Guarantee a 100% risk-free environment prior to employment C. Provide gloves and other PPE to full time paid employees only D. Offer a workplace environment that reduces the risk of exposure

Offer a workplace environment that reduces the risk of exposure

Prescription glasses do not provide adequate eye protection because they: A. Offer little or no side protection B. Are not secured with a strap C. Do not have a shatterproof sense D. Have large, rounded lenses

Offer little or no side protection

Physiologic manifestations of stress include: A. Slow heart rate, low blood pressure, and severe headaches B. Perspiration, increased blood glucose levels, and dilated pupils C. Increased blood pressure, decreased blood glucose levels, and chest pain D. Flushed skin, decreased muscle control, and vomiting

Perspiration, increased blood glucose levels, and dilated pupils

Online medical control requires: A. The presence of an advanced-level provider B. Phone or radio contact with the medical director C. A physician's presence on the scene of the call D. Written protocols approved by med control

Phone or radio contact with the medical director

Which of the following glands regulates the function of all other endocrine glands in the body?

Pituitary

Which of the following glands regulates the function of all other endocrine glands in the body? A. Parathyroid B. Adrenal C. Thyroid D. Pituitary

Pituitary

Which of the following are noticeable characteristics of a 9-month-old infant?

Places objects in the mouth, pulls himself or herself up

What is the fluid that carries blood cells and nutrients?

Plasma

Which of the following statements regarding plasma is correct?

Plasma transports the blood cells and nutrients.

Which of the following statements regarding plasma is correct? A. Plasma transports the blood cells and nutrients. B. Most of the body's plasma is contained within the large veins. C. Plasma has no role in the body's blood-clotting mechanism. D. Approximately 45% of the blood is composed of plasma.

Plasma transports the blood cells and nutrients.

Which aspect of HIPAA MOST affects EMS personnel? A. Controlling insurance costs B. Ensuring access to insurance C. Preventing insurance fraud D. Protecting patient privacy

Protecting patient privacy

Which aspect of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) MOST affects EMS personnel?

Protecting patient privacy

To minimize the risk of litigation, the EMT should: A. Utilize at least 4 personnel when moving a patient B. Always transport patients to the hospital of their choice C. Provide competent care that meets current standards D. Use universal precautions with every patient encounter

Provide competent care that meets current standards

National Guidelines for EMS care are intended to: A. Reduce the expenses at the local and state levels B. Provide more consistent delivery of EMS care across the U.S. C. Unify EMS providers under a single medical director D. Facilitate a national EMS labor group

Provide more consistent delivery of EMS care across the U.S.

When treating a patient who is trapped in a vehicle and covered with broken glass it is BEST to wear: A. Puncture proof leather gloves over your latex gloves B. Firefighter gloves only, to preserve manual dexterity C. Thick firefighter gloves over two pairs of latex gloves D. Latex gloves with thick leather gloves underneath

Puncture proof leather gloves over your latex gloves

Upon arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you note that two small cards collided head-on; the occupants are still in their vehicles. The fire department is in the process of stabilizing the vehicles and law enforcement personnel are directing traffic. After parking the ambulance at a safe distance, you and your partner should: A. Put on high-visibility safety vests B. Quickly begin the triage process C. Assist with vehicle stabilization D. Report the incident to the commander

Put on high-visibility safety vests

As a patient provides you with a past medical history, which one of the following should you recognize as directly related to the endocrine system?

Removal of the thyroid

After assessing a patient's blood glucose level, you accidentally stick yourself with the contaminated lancet. You should: A. Report the incident to your supervisor after the call B. Immerse your wound in an alcohol based solution C. Discontinue patient care and seek medical attention D. Get immunized against hepatitis as soon as possible

Report the incident to your supervisor after the call

Quid pro quo, a type of sexual harassment, occurs when the harasser: A. Requests sexual favors in exchange for something else B. Stares at certain parts of another person's anatomy C. Touches another person without his or her consent D. Makes rude remarks about a person's body parts

Requests sexual favors in exchange for something else

Which of the following is a best practice for an​ EMT? A.Always use medical terminology around patients you are treating. B.Know your anatomy and use anatomical jargon when talking to​ patients' families. C.Explain medical procedures to a patient using acronyms. D.Resist the urge to use complex medical terminology when a simple term will do.

Resist the urge to use complex medical terminology when a simple term will do.

Which of the following is MOST characteristic of adequate breathing in an adult? A. Use of the accessory muscles in the neck and cyanosis B. Cool, clammy skin and retractions above the clavicles C. Respirations of 20 breaths/min and bilateral chest movement D. Respirations of 30 breaths/min and reduced tidal volume

Respirations of 20 breaths/min and bilateral chest movement

Which of the following is a physical change that typically occurs in the adolescent age group? A. The systolic blood pressure decreases. B. The normal pulse rate steadily increases. C. Secondary sexual development begins. D. Muscle and bone growth both decrease.

Secondary sexual development begins.

Which of the following signs of respiratory distress is typically unique to infants and children?

Seesaw respirations

Which of the following signs of respiratory distress is typically unique to infants and children? A. Irregular breathing pattern B. Seesaw respirations C. Unequal breath sounds D. Unequal chest expansion

Seesaw respirations

Which set of nerves is responsible for carrying information from the body to the central nervous system?

Sensory

Which set of nerves is responsible for carrying information from the body to the central nervous system? A. Motor B. Vertebral C. Cranial D. Sensory

Sensory

Which of the following describes the Fowler​ position? A. Sitting upright with the legs straight B. Lying flat on the back C. Lying on the side D. Lying on the stomach

Sitting upright with the legs straight

Which organ lies in the lateral and posterior portion of the left upper quadrant of the abdomen? A. Liver B. Spleen C. Cecum D. Stomach

Spleen

Which of the following best describes the anatomic​ position? A.Standing, facing​ forward, with arms raised above the head B.Standing in profile with the hands on the hips C.Supine with arms crossed over the chest and knees slightly bent D.Standing, facing​ forward, with arms at the​ side, palms forward

Standing, facing​ forward, with arms at the​ side, palms forward

Which layer of the skin is composed of fatty tissue and serves as an insulator for the body? A. Subcutaneous B. Epidermis C. Dermal D. Sebaceous

Subcutaneous

Which of the following infectious diseases confers no protection from reinfection after exposure A. Chickenpox B. Mumps C. Rubella D. Syphilis

Syphilis

Which of the following infectious diseases confers no protection from reinfection after exposure?

Syphilis

Which of the following statements regarding the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 is correct? A. The minimum number of hours required to successfully complete an EMT course is less for the disabled B. The ADA prohibits employers from failing to provide full and adequate employment to those who are disabled C. The ADA applies only to individuals with a diagnosed and well-documented disability D. According to the ADA, EMT candidates with a documented disability are exempt from taking the NREMT exam

The ADA prohibits employers from failing to provide full and adequate employment to those who are disabled

Which of the following statements regarding a patient refusal is MOST correct? Select one: A. Advice given to a patient who refuses EMS treatment should not be documented. B. A patient who consumed a few beers will likely be able to refuse EMS treatment. C. A mentally competent adult has the legal right to refuse EMS care and transport. D. Documentation of proposed care is unnecessary if the patient refuses treatment.

The correct answer is: C. A mentally competent adult has the legal right to refuse EMS care and transport.

Any radio hardware containing a transmitter and receiver that is located in a fixed location is called a: Select one: A. mobile radio. B. repeater. C. multiplex. D. base station.

The correct answer is: D. base station.

When relaying patient information via radio, communications should be: Select one: A. spoken in a loud voice. B. coded and scripted. C. lengthy and complete. D. brief and easily understood.

The correct answer is: D. brief and easily understood.

During the alert and dispatch phase of EMS communications, the dispatcher's responsibilities include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. selecting and notifying the correct EMS response units and personnel. B. discouraging the caller from providing care until the EMS unit arrives. C. coordinating responding EMS units with other public safety personnel. D. screening and assigning a priority to each call based on local protocols.

The correct answer is: B. discouraging the caller from providing care until the EMS unit arrives.

When you begin an oral report, you should state the patient's age, sex, and: Select one: A. the emergency care given. B. any known allergies. C. past medical history. D. chief complaint.

The correct answer is: D. chief complaint.

Communicating with hearing-impaired patients can be facilitated by doing all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. placing yourself in a position to ensure that the patient can see your lips. B. elevating the tone of your voice and exaggerating word pronunciation. C. providing pen and paper if the patient prefers to write his or her response. D. shining a light on your face when you are in a darkened environment.

The correct answer is: B. elevating the tone of your voice and exaggerating word pronunciation.

When obtaining patient care orders from a physician via a two-way radio, it is MOST important to remember that: Select one: A. all orders should be carried out immediately and without question. B. his or her instructions are based on the information you provide. C. the use of 10 codes is an effective method of communication. D. the physician may or may not be located within your service area.

The correct answer is: B. his or her instructions are based on the information you provide.

Calming and reassuring an anxious patient can be facilitated by: Select one: A. positioning yourself at a level that is higher than the patient. B. maintaining eye contact with the patient whenever possible. C. withholding unpleasant information until arrival at the hospital. D. using medical terminology to ensure the patient understands.

The correct answer is: B. maintaining eye contact with the patient whenever possible.

When providing a patient report via radio, you should protect the patient's privacy by: Select one: A. withholding medical history data. B. not disclosing his or her name. C. refraining from objective statements. D. using coded medical language.

The correct answer is: B. not disclosing his or her name.

As you are wheeling your patient through the emergency department doors, you receive another call for a major motor vehicle crash. You should: Select one: A. inform the admissions clerk of the situation and then respond at once. B. respond only after giving a verbal patient report to a nurse or physician. C. place the patient in a high-visibility area and then respond to the call. D. leave a copy of the run form with a nurse and then respond to the call.

The correct answer is: B. respond only after giving a verbal patient report to a nurse or physician.

Two-way communication that requires the EMT to "push to talk" and "release to listen" describes what mode of communication? Select one: A. mediplex B. simplex C. multiplex D. duplex

The correct answer is: B. simplex

While at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you determine that there are two critically injured patients and that another ambulance is needed. You attempt to contact the dispatcher with your portable radio but are unsuccessful. You should: Select one: A. ask a police officer to call dispatch with his portable radio. B. use the mobile radio in the ambulance to contact dispatch. C. place both patients in the ambulance and transport at once. D. reattempt to contact dispatch from an area of higher terrain.

The correct answer is: B. use the mobile radio in the ambulance to contact dispatch.

When communicating information over the radio, you should: Select one: A. respond professionally by saying "please" and "thank you." B. use the words "affirmative" and "negative" instead of "yes" or "no." C. limit any single transmission to 60 seconds or less and use 10 codes. D. use the patient's name only when communicating with the hospital.

The correct answer is: B. use the words "affirmative" and "negative" instead of "yes" or "no."

General guidelines for effective radio communications include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. acknowledging a transmission as soon as possible. B. using 10 codes to ensure radio traffic confidentiality. C. holding the microphone about 2" to 3" from your mouth. D. speaking in a clear, calm, monotone voice.

The correct answer is: B. using 10 codes to ensure radio traffic confidentiality.

A 60-year-old man complains of chest pain. He is conscious and alert and denies shortness of breath. Which of the following questions would be the MOST appropriate to ask him? Select one: A. "Does the pain in your chest feel like a stabbing sensation?" B. "Were you exerting yourself when the chest pain began?" C. "Do you have any heart problems or take any medications?" D. "Does the pain in your chest move to either of your arms?"

The correct answer is: C. "Do you have any heart problems or take any medications?"

You are interviewing a 52-year-old man who complains of chest discomfort. The patient is a retired paramedic and is very anxious because he thinks he is having a heart attack. Which of the following statements would be appropriate to say? Select one: A. "I notice that you are a retired paramedic, so I'm sure you will understand all of the things that we will be doing to you." B. "It is possible that you are experiencing a heart attack. I am going to give you four baby aspirin to chew and swallow." C. "We need to take you to the ED stat. We will give you ASA and NTG en route and then reassess your vitals. Do you have any questions?" D. "This is nothing to worry about. Please try to stay calm. The physician at the hospital will probably not find any signs of a heart problem."

The correct answer is: B. "It is possible that you are experiencing a heart attack. I am going to give you four baby aspirin to chew and swallow."

Which of the following statements regarding standing orders is MOST correct? Select one: A. Standing orders only highlight the care that you may provide. B. Standing orders should be followed when physician contact is not possible. C. Standing orders require you to contact medical control first. D. Standing orders have less legal authority than orders given via radio.

The correct answer is: B. Standing orders should be followed when physician contact is not possible.

Which of the following statements regarding communication with a child is MOST correct? Select one: A. Most children are intrigued by strangers wearing uniforms. B. Standing over a child often increases his or her level of anxiety. C. Give the child minimal information to avoid scaring him or her. D. Unlike adults, children cannot see through lies or deceptions.

The correct answer is: B. Standing over a child often increases his or her level of anxiety.

Which of the following incidents does NOT require a report to be filed with local authorities? Select one: A. gunshot wounds B. cardiac arrest C. spousal abuse D. animal bites

The correct answer is: B. cardiac arrest

Which of the following statements is NOT appropriate to document in the narrative section of a PCR? Select one: A. "General impression revealed that the patient was intoxicated." B. "The patient admits to smoking marijuana earlier in the day." C. "After oxygen was administered, the patient's breathing improved." D. "Significant damage was noted to the front end of the vehicle."

The correct answer is: A. "General impression revealed that the patient was intoxicated."

You are transporting a 54-year-old male in cardiac arrest. An EMR is driving the ambulance as you and your partner attempt to resuscitate the patient. What is the MOST logical way of notifying the hospital? Select one: A. Have the driver contact dispatch and relay the patient information to the hospital. B. Wait until you arrive at the hospital and then quickly apprise them of the situation. C. Call the receiving hospital with your cellular phone as you attempt resuscitation. D. Request that a police officer respond to the hospital to apprise them of your arrival.

The correct answer is: A. Have the driver contact dispatch and relay the patient information to the hospital.

Immediately after being dispatched to a residence for an elderly patient with diabetic complications, you should: Select one: A. confirm with dispatch that you received the call information. B. ask the dispatcher to obtain a medical history from the caller. C. request that law enforcement secure the scene before you arrive. D. ask the dispatcher if the patient is conscious or unconscious.

The correct answer is: A. confirm with dispatch that you received the call information.

When communicating with a visually impaired patient, you should: Select one: A. determine the degree of the patient's impairment. B. recall that most visually impaired patients are blind. C. expect him or her to have difficulty understanding. D. possess an in-depth knowledge of sign language.

The correct answer is: A. determine the degree of the patient's impairment.

When communicating with an older patient, it is important to remember that: Select one: A. most older people think clearly and are capable of answering questions. B. your questions should focus exclusively on the patient's obvious problem. C. speaking loudly and distinctly will ensure that the patient can hear you. D. hostility and confusion should be presumed to be due to the patient's age.

The correct answer is: A. most older people think clearly and are capable of answering questions.

After receiving online orders from medical control to perform a patient care intervention, you should: Select one: A. repeat the order to medical control word for word. B. confirm the order in your own words. C. ask the physician to repeat the order. D. perform the intervention as ordered.

The correct answer is: A. repeat the order to medical control word for word.

What type of communications equipment functions as a radio receiver and searches across several frequencies? Select one: A. scanner B. simplex station C. mobile repeater D. duplex station

The correct answer is: A. scanner

Ethnocentrism is defined as: Select one: A. suspecting that a person has an ulterior motive based on the tone of his or her voice when answering a question. B. considering your own cultural values as more important when interacting with people of a different culture. C. understanding that people from different cultural backgrounds respond to pain and stress differently. D. subconsciously forcing your cultural values onto a patient because you feel that yours are more acceptable.

The correct answer is: B. considering your own cultural values as more important when interacting with people of a different culture.

Medical control gives you an order that seems inappropriate for the patient's condition. After confirming that you heard the physician correctly, you should: Select one: A. carry out the order and then carefully document it on the run form. B. obtain consent from the patient and then carry out the order as usual. C. advise the physician that the order is unclear and ask for clarification. D. state that you will not carry out the order because it is inappropriate.

The correct answer is: C. advise the physician that the order is unclear and ask for clarification.

During your assessment of a 20-year-old man with a severe headache and nausea, you ask him when his headache began, but he does not answer your question immediately. You should: Select one: A. ask him if he frequently experiences severe headaches and nausea. B. tell him that you cannot help him unless he answers your questions. C. allow him time to think about the question and respond to it. D. repeat your question because he probably did not hear you.

The correct answer is: C. allow him time to think about the question and respond to it.

You are assessing a 75-year-old woman with mild shortness of breath. As you are asking her questions regarding her chief complaint and medical history, you progressively move closer and closer to her. In doing this, it is important to remember that: Select one: A. it is necessary to enter an older person's intimate space because the elderly are typically hearing impaired. B. a patient's personal space should not be violated, regardless of any barriers that may hamper communication. C. as you physically get closer to the patient, a greater and greater sense of trust must be established. D. placing yourself in the patient's personal space is relaying to her that you can be trusted.

The correct answer is: C. as you physically get closer to the patient, a greater and greater sense of trust must be established.

Despite numerous, sincere efforts to convince a 40-year-old man to consent to EMS treatment and transport, he refuses. After explaining the potential consequences of his refusal and determining that he has decision-making capacity, you ask him to sign an EMS refusal form, but he refuses to do that as well. You should: Select one: A. document the patient's refusal, but leave the refusal form blank because only the patient can legally sign it. B. advise the patient that unless he signs the refusal form, he cannot legally refuse EMS treatment or transport. C. ask a family member, law enforcement officer, or bystander to sign the form verifying that the patient refused to sign. D. sign the refusal form, include the date and time, and have your partner witness it with his or her signature.

The correct answer is: C. ask a family member, law enforcement officer, or bystander to sign the form verifying that the patient refused to sign.

A 4-year-old boy had an apparent seizure. He is conscious and calm and is sitting on his mother's lap. His father is sitting in a nearby chair. The child's mother suddenly begins crying uncontrollably, which causes the child to start crying. You should: Select one: A. attempt to calm the child's mother, but avoid separating her from her child because this will increase her anxiety. B. give the child a favorite toy or blanket to hold onto and perform your assessment to the best of your ability. C. consider asking the father to hold the child so you can assess him while your partner tries to calm the mother. D. reassure the child's mother that seizures in children are very common and that there is nothing to worry about.

The correct answer is: C. consider asking the father to hold the child so you can assess him while your partner tries to calm the mother.

After delivering your patient to the hospital, you sit down to complete the PCR. When documenting the patient's last blood pressure reading, you inadvertently write 120/60 instead of 130/70. To correct this mistake, you should: Select one: A. leave the error on your PCR but inform the staff of the patient's actual blood pressure. B. attempt to erase the error, initial it, and then write the correct data on a separate addendum. C. draw a single horizontal line through the error, initial it, and write the correct data next to it. D. cover the error with correction fluid and simply write the patient's actual blood pressure over it.

The correct answer is: C. draw a single horizontal line through the error, initial it, and write the correct data next to it.

Which of the following is NOT a function of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)? Select one: A. licensing base stations and assigning appropriate radio call signs B. monitoring all radio traffic and conducting field spot checks C. maintaining communications equipment on the ambulance D. allocating specific radio frequencies for use by EMS providers

The correct answer is: C. maintaining communications equipment on the ambulance

Typical components of an oral patient report include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. the chief complaint or mechanism of injury. B. the patient's response to treatment you provided. C. the set of baseline vital signs taken at the scene. D. important medical history not previously given.

The correct answer is: C. the set of baseline vital signs taken at the scene.

You and your partner are attempting to resuscitate a middle-aged female in cardiac arrest. Because of the remote location you are in, you are unable to contact medical control. What should you do? Select one: A. Make continuous attempts to contact medical control. B. Perform CPR only and initiate immediate transport. C. Ask the husband if he wants to continue resuscitation. D. Follow locally established protocols or standing orders.

The correct answer is: D. Follow locally established protocols or standing orders.

Which of the following statements regarding a "dedicated line" is MOST correct? Select one: A. It is a constantly open line of communication that is under exclusive control of a single user. B. It is a designated frequency on a portable radio that provides direct access to medical control. C. It is an exclusive frequency that is used by EMTs to communicate with each other in the field. D. It is a constantly open line of communication that cannot be accessed by outside users.

The correct answer is: D. It is a constantly open line of communication that cannot be accessed by outside users.

Information included in a radio report to the receiving hospital should include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. a brief summary of the care you provided. B. a brief history of the patient's current problem. C. your perception of the severity of the problem. D. a preliminary diagnosis of the patient's problem.

The correct answer is: D. a preliminary diagnosis of the patient's problem.

A patient's refusal for EMS treatment and/or transport must be: Select one: A. authorized by a judge. B. witnessed by a notary. C. reported to the police. D. an informed refusal.

The correct answer is: D. an informed refusal.

You are dispatched to the residence of an Asian family for a child with a high fever. When you assess the child, you note that he has numerous red marks on his back. The child's parents explain that these marks represent coining—a traditional Asian healing practice in which hot coins are rubbed on the back. You should: Select one: A. advise the emergency department physician that you feel as though the child was intentionally abused by his parents. B. acknowledge and respect this practice as a cultural belief, but advise the child's parents that it has no healing power. C. advise the child's parents that this is a harmful practice and is considered a form of child abuse in the United States. D. document this on your patient care report and advise the emergency department staff of what the child's parents told you.

The correct answer is: D. document this on your patient care report and advise the emergency department staff of what the child's parents told you.

The official transfer of patient care does not occur until the EMT: Select one: A. notifies the admitting clerk of their arrival at the hospital. B. gives a radio report to the receiving medical facility. C. informs dispatch of their arrival at the emergency department. D. gives an oral report to the emergency room physician or nurse.

The correct answer is: D. gives an oral report to the emergency room physician or nurse.

A ___________ receives messages and signals on one frequency and then automatically retransmits them on a second frequency. Select one: A. scanner B. duplex C. decoder D. repeater

The correct answer is: D. repeater

After being dispatched on an emergency call, you should expect the dispatcher to provide you with all of the following information, EXCEPT: Select one: A. the number of patients involved in the incident. B. the time at which your unit was dispatched. C. other agencies that are responding to the scene. D. the general geographic location of the incident.

The correct answer is: D. the general geographic location of the incident.

You and your partner are dispatched to a residence for an "ill person." When you arrive, you find that the patient, a 44-year-old man, does not speak English. There are no relatives or bystanders present who can act as an interpreter. You should: Select one: A. speak to the patient with a moderately louder voice to facilitate his ability to understand what you are saying. B. refrain from performing any assessment or treatment until you can contact someone who can function as an interpreter. C. give the patient oxygen, assess his vital signs, and transport him to the hospital in a position of comfort. D. use short, simple questions and point to specific parts of your body to try to determine the source of the patient's complaint.

The correct answer is: D. use short, simple questions and point to specific parts of your body to try to determine the source of the patient's complaint.

Which of the following has the weakest transmission signal and, as a result, is LEAST likely to be heard by the party being called? Select one: A. multiplex base station B. hand-held portable radio C. mobile repeater station D. land-base repeater station

The correct answer is: b. hand-held portable radio

In which of the following circumstances can the EMT legally release confidential patient information? A. A media representative inquires about the patient B. The family requests a copy for insurance purposes C. The patient is competent and signs a release form D. A police officer requests a copy to place one file

The patient is competent and signs a release form

What is the function of the fallopian tubes? A. To transport a mature egg to the uterus B. To connect the ovaries C. To supply blood to the uterine lining D. To produce progesterone and estrogen

To transport a mature egg to the uterus

In which one of the following structures of the respiratory system does an occlusion cause the total cessation of air flow into and out of the lungs?

Trachea

You arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle versus pedestrian accident. The patient is a 13 year old male, unconscious and has multiple injuries. As you are treating the child, a law enforcement officer advises you that the child's parents will be at the scene in approximately 15 minutes. What should you do? A. Treat the child at the scene and wait for the parents to arrive and give consent B. Withhold treatment until the parents arrive and give you consent for the treatment C. Transport the child immediately and have the parents meet you at the hospital D. Begin transport at once and have the parents meet you en route to the hospital

Transport the child immediately and have the parents meet you at the hospital

You arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle-versus-pedestrian accident. The patient, a 13-year-old male, is unconscious and has multiple injuries. As you are treating the child, a law enforcement officer advises you that the child's parents will be at the scene in approximately 15 minutes. What should you do?

Transport the child immediately and have the parents meet you at the hospital.

Which one of the following planes would show the liver, stomach, and spleen?

Transverse plane

The MOST effective way to preserve your own body heat when functioning in cold, wet weather is to: A. Wear at least 3 layers of clothing B. Wear a heavy, thick jacket or coat C. Avoid outer clothing with zippers D. Wear socks made of heavy duty cotton

Wear at least 3 layers of clothing

Critical incident stress management (CISM) can occur at an ongoing scene in all of the following circumstances, EXCEPT: A. When patients are actively being assessed or treated B. Before personnel are preparing to reenter the scene C. When personnel are assessed during periods of rest D. Before leaving the scene after the incident is resolved

When patients are actively being assessed or treated

Gloves, a mask, eye protection, and a face shield should be used: A. When performing endotracheal intubation B. Whenever you touch non intact skin C. While handling needles or other sharps D. During routine cleaning of an ambulance

When performing endotracheal intubation

What is forcible restraint permitted? A. Only if law enforcement personnel have witnessed threatening behavior B. Anytime that the EMT feels threatened C. Only if consent to restrain is given by a family member D. When the patient poses a significant threat to self or others

When the patient poses a significant threat to self or others

When is forcible restraint permitted?

When the patient poses a significant threat to self or others

You and your EMT partner are responding to a medical aid call in the rural West County area. The dispatcher advises that the caller is reporting the patient as having a history of​ "plegia." Why would it be beneficial to have the dispatcher clarify a prefix for the word plegia​? A.Without a clarifying​ prefix, it is difficult for the EMTs to effectively prepare for the type of patient they may encounter. B.A patient with plegia is potentially​ contagious, and the EMTs need to know what precautions are required. C.Because a dysplegiac patient generally requires an​ EMT-Paramedic level of​ care, and it may change the level of response. D.There is actually no need to clarify the word.

Without a clarifying​ prefix, it is difficult for the EMTs to effectively prepare for the type of patient they may encounter.

To check the distal pulse of a patient with an injury to the​ forearm, the EMT would check for a pulse in which​ location? A. Armpit B. Wrist C. Throat D. Upper arm

Wrist

While trying to make a family member feel better after a loved one has died, your partner states, "I know how you are feeling." The family members may view this as: A. A show of respect for the person who has died B. Coaching them through the grieving process C. Your partners caring and supportive attitude D. Your partners attempt to diminish their grief

Your partners attempt to diminish their grief

Negative-pressure breathing involves: A. pushing or forcing air into the lungs. B. increasing airway resistance during breathing. C. relaxing the respiratory muscles. D. a drop in pressure within the chest cavity.

a drop in pressure within the chest cavity.

An advantage of knowing basic medical terminology is​ that: A.medical terminology shortens discussions with the ED so that the EMT can get back into service faster. B.a medical term may allow more precision than common terminology will permit. C.medical terms bypass the need for an EMT to understand pathophysiology. D.using medical terminology helps to distinguish the medical profession from all others.

a medical term may allow more precision than common terminology will permit.

To help protect patients, EMS agencies are required to have __________.

a privacy officer to answer questions

Signs of adequate breathing in the adult include all of the following, EXCEPT:

a reduction in tidal volume.

Signs of adequate breathing in the adult include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. rhythmic inhalation and exhalation. B. respirations of 18 breaths/min. C. bilaterally clear breath sounds. D. a reduction in tidal volume.

a reduction in tidal volume.

Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system would result in:

a slower heart rate.

Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system would result in: A. tachycardia. B. a slower heart rate. C. a strong pulse. D. vasoconstriction.

a slower heart rate.

The femoral head forms a ball-and-socket joint with the: A. femoral condyle. B. ilium. C. acetabulum. D. ischium.

acetabulum.

You are transporting an elderly woman who has possibly experienced a stroke. She is obviously scared but is unable to talk and cannot move the entire right side of her body. In addition to providing the medical care that she needs, you should:

acknowledge that she is scared and tell her that you will take good care of her.

When caring for the parents of a child who has died of leukemia, the EMT should:

acknowledge the death of their child in private.

In preconventional reasoning, children: A. make decisions based on their conscience. B. blame their actions on what they have observed in older children. C. act almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what they want. D. look for approval from their peers and society.

act almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what they want.

The BEST way to reduce your risk of contracting a work-related disease following exposure is to:

activate your department's infection control plan as soon as possible.

With regard to medical​ terminology, a prefix ​is: A. the combination of any two or more whole words. B. a modifier that indicates if a term is singular or plural. C. added to the beginnings of roots or words to modify or qualify their meaning. D. the foundation of a word or term.

added to the beginnings of roots or words to modify or qualify their meaning.

Medical control gives you an order that seems inappropriate for the patient's condition. After confirming that you heard the physician correctly, you should:

advise the physician that the order is unclear and ask for clarification

A 15-year-old boy was killed when he was struck by a car while riding his bicycle. He has numerous disfiguring injuries and has been placed in the back of the ambulance to shield him from curious bystanders. When the child's parents arrive at the scene, they demand to see him. You should:

advise them that their son had severely disfiguring injuries and ask them if there is anyone they would like you to contact first.

When you are communicating with an older patient, it is important to remember that: A. age-related changes diminish the effectiveness of the eyes and ears. B. most older patients are confused due to a decrease in brain cells. C. deafness and blindness are a normal part of the process of aging. D. the majority of older patients experience a loss of low-frequency hearing.

age-related changes diminish the effectiveness of the eyes and ears.

During your assessment of a 20-year-old man with a severe headache and nausea, you ask him when his headache began, but he does not answer your question immediately. You should:

allow him time to think about the question and respond to it

When decontaminating the back of your ambulance after a call, you should:

allow surfaces to air dry unless otherwise indicated in the product directions.

As the bronchus divides into smaller bronchioles, the terminal ends of these smaller passages form the:

alveoli.

As the bronchus divides into smaller bronchioles, the terminal ends of these smaller passages form the: A. bronchi. B. alveoli. C. pleura. D. capillaries.

alveoli.

The study of the​ body's structures is referred to​ as: A.anatomy. B.pathophysiology. C.polyintegration. D.physiology.

anatomy.

Vector-borne transmission of an infectious organism occurs via:

animals or insects.

As an EMT, the performance of your duties will be compared to that of:

another EMT.

The major artery that supplies all other arteries with blood is the:

aorta.

The major artery that supplies all other arteries with blood is the: A. brachial. B. carotid. C. aorta. D. femoral.

aorta.

You are transporting a 40-year-old male with respiratory distress. The patient tells you that he recently had a positive tuberculosis (TB) skin test and is currently being evaluated for possible TB. You should:

apply a nonrebreathing mask on the patient and a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) respirator on yourself.\Ahead: Infectious and Communicable Diseases Complexity: Moderate Simplified Functional Taxonomy: Application Subject: Infectious and Communicable Disease

During your monthly internal quality improvement (QI) meeting, you review several patient care reports (PCRs) with the staff of your EMS system. You identify the patient's name, age, and sex, and then discuss the treatment that was provided by the EMTs in the field. By taking this approach to the QI process, you:

are in violation of HIPAA because you did not remove the PHI from the PCR beforehand.

A 4-year-old boy had an apparent seizure. He is conscious and calm and is sitting on his mother's lap. His father is sitting in a nearby chair. The child's mother suddenly begins crying uncontrollably, which causes the child to start crying. You should:

ask the father to hold the child so you can assess him while your partner tries to calm the mother

A patient regains consciousness en route from his office to the emergency department. The patient tells you that he feels fine and does not want to go to the hospital. Under these circumstances, you should:

assess whether the patient's mental condition is impaired.

Common factors that influence how a patient reacts to the stress of an illness or injury include all of the following, EXCEPT:

assessment by the EMT.

Both areas of the pons are used to: A. ensure that the lungs do not overinflate during breathing. B. provide forced inspiration or expiration as needed. C. augment respirations during emotional or physical stress. D. set the base rate and depth of breathing in a healthy person.

augment respirations during emotional or physical stress.

What are the two main portions of the skeletal system?

axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton

An infant's blood pressure typically increases with age because: A. as the infant gets older, his or her blood vessels dilate. B. the infant's total blood volume decreases with age. C. his or her normal heart rate usually increases with age. D. blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight. D. blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight.

blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight.

Your patient has bilateral femur fractures. This means​ that: A.one femur is fractured. B.one femur is fractured in multiple places. C.the femur is fractured lengthwise. D.both femurs are fractured.

both femurs are fractured.

The central nervous system is composed of the:

brain and spinal cord.

The central nervous system is composed of the: A. spinal cord and sensory nerves. B. brain and spinal cord. C. brain and sensory nerves. D. motor and sensory nerves.

brain and spinal cord.

When relaying patient information via radio, communications should be:

brief and easily understood

The exchange of oxygen and nutrients for waste products of metabolism occurs at the cellular level in the: A. capillaries. B. arteries. C. arterioles. D. venules.

capillaries.

The waste products of aerobic metabolism include: A. glucose and lactic acid. B. uric acid and nitrogen. C. carbon dioxide and water. D. ATP and glucose.

carbon dioxide and water.

Mean arterial pressure (MAP) is a product of:

cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance.

Mean arterial pressure (MAP) is a product of: A. heart rate and stroke volume. B. stroke volume and systemic vascular resistance. C. cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance. D. heart rate and systemic vascular resistance.

cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance.

The spread of HIV and hepatitis in the health care setting can usually be traced to:

careless handling of sharps.\According to Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations, an employer must:\offer a workplace environment that reduces the risk of exposure.

The largest portion of the brain is the ___________, which is commonly referred to as the "gray matter."

cerebrum

The largest portion of the brain is the ___________, which is commonly referred to as the "gray matter." A. cerebellum B. brain stem C. diencephalon D. cerebrum

cerebrum

Which three bones make up the shoulder girdle?

clavicle, scapula, humerus

If it is not possible to adequately clean your ambulance at the hospital following a call, you should:

clean the ambulance at your station in a designated area that is well ventilated.

The most distal four spinal vertebrae, which are fused together, form the:

coccyx.

The most distal four spinal vertebrae, which are fused together, form the: A.) ilium. B.) coccyx. C.) sacrum. D.) ischium.

coccyx.

The descending aorta branches into the:

common iliac arteries.

The descending aorta branches into the: A. deep femoral arteries. B. common iliac arteries. C. internal carotid arteries. D. external carotid arteries

common iliac arteries.

You are called to attend to an elderly patient with an extensive medical history who is now in cardiac arrest. The patient's family tells you that the patient has a DNR order. There is no paperwork available but the patient does have a MedicAlert bracelet indicating Do Not Resuscitate. You should:

confirm the patient identity and then confirm the DNR by calling the MedicAlert Foundation number on the bracelet.

Stimulation of alpha-adrenergic receptors results in: A. constriction of the blood vessels. B. increased cardiac contractility. C. increased heart rate. D. dilation of the blood vessels.

constriction of the blood vessels.

While transporting a woman with diabetes, you inadvertently give her oral glucose even though her blood glucose level was high. You reassess the patient and note that her condition did not change; she remained stable. You should:

contact medical control and notify them of the error. / When you and your partner arrive at the residence of a man in cardiac arrest, you immediately recognize the patient as the drunk driver who killed your brother several years earlier. A backup ambulance is en route to the scene. You should: //begin two-rescuer CPR and apply the AED as soon as possible.

Dead space is the portion of the respiratory system that:

contains no alveoli and does not participate in gas exchange.

Dead space is the portion of the respiratory system that: A. receives oxygen but is unable to release carbon dioxide. B. contains no alveoli and does not participate in gas exchange. C. must be filled with air before gas exchange can take place. D. includes the alveoli and capillaries surrounding the alveoli.

contains no alveoli and does not participate in gas exchange.

While transporting a stable patient with chest pain to the hospital, you come across a major motor vehicle crash involving several critically injured patients. You should:

continue transporting your patient and notify the dispatcher of the crash.

The ____________ is a muscular dome that forms the inferior boundary of the thorax, separating the thorax from the abdomen.

diaphragm

As you arrive on scene, an Emergency Medical Responder informs you that the patient has agonal respirations. By this description, you should expect the patient's breathing to be

deep and gasping

Determination of exposure is an important component of an infection control plan because it:

defines who is at risk for contact with blood and body fluids and which tasks pose a risk of exposure

You are caring for a 35-year-old female with pregnancy-related complications. She is clearly experiencing significant stress and is crying uncontrollably. Your MOST appropriate action would be to:

demonstrate courtesy and speak with a professional tone of voice.

It is especially important for EMS personnel to develop nonadversarial relationships with their coworkers because they:

depend on one another for their safety.

The ____________ is a muscular dome that forms the inferior boundary of the thorax, separating the thorax from the abdomen. A. diaphragm B. costovertebral angle C. costal arch D. mediastinum

diaphragm

The phase of the cardiac cycle in which the ventricles fill with blood is called:

diastole.

The phase of the cardiac cycle in which the ventricles fill with blood is called: A. stroke volume. B. cardiac output. C. systole. D. diastole.

diastole.

Oxygen and carbon dioxide pass across the alveolar membrane in the lungs through a process called:

diffusion.

Oxygen and carbon dioxide pass across the alveolar membrane in the lungs through a process called: A. diffusion. B. breathing. C. ventilation. D. osmosis.

diffusion.

Pathophysiology is the study of the functional changes that occur when the body reacts to a particular:

disease.

Pathophysiology is the study of the functional changes that occur when the body reacts to a particular: A. medication. B. disease. C. protocol. D. assessment.

disease.

The wrist is​ ________ to the elbow. A.distal B.dorsal C.medial D.inferior

distal

Communicating with patients who are deaf or hard-of-hearing can be facilitated by doing all of the following, EXCEPT:

elevating the tone of your voice and exaggerating word pronunciation

The leaf-shaped flap of cartilage that prevents food and liquid from entering the trachea during swallowing is called the:

epiglottis.

The leaf-shaped flap of cartilage that prevents food and liquid from entering the trachea during swallowing is called the: A. uvula. B. vallecula. C. pharynx. D. epiglottis

epiglottis.

Key hormones of the sympathetic nervous system include:

epinephrine and norepinephrine.

Key hormones of the sympathetic nervous system include: A. acetylcholine and insulin. B. epinephrine and norepinephrine. C. glucagon and noradrenaline. D. norepinephrine and acetylcholine.

epinephrine and norepinephrine.

Hemoglobin is a molecule that attaches to ___________ and carries oxygen.

erythrocytes

Hemoglobin is a molecule that attaches to ___________ and carries oxygen. A. monocytes B. erythrocytes C. leukocytes D. thrombocytes

erythrocytes

When performing his or her duties, the EMT is generally expected to:

exercise reasonable care and act prudently.

You are assessing a middle-aged man with chest pain that you suspect is caused by a cardiac problem. The patient tells you that he does not want to go to the hospital and insists that you leave him alone. You should:

explain the seriousness of the situation to him, but avoid causing undue alarm.

The atlas is the: A. attachment between the first and second cervical vertebrae. B. point where the ribs attach to the sternum. C. first cervical vertebra, which articulates with the skull. D. seventh cervical vertebra, which is easily palpable.

first cervical vertebra, which articulates with the skull.

The areas of the infant's skull that have not yet fused together are called ________. A. cranial valleys B. sutures C. fontanelles D. ventricles

fontanelles

The brain connects to the spinal cord through a large opening at the base of the skull called the:

foramen magnum.

The direct carry is used to transfer a patient: A. with multiple long bone injuries. B. who cannot be placed on a backboard. C. from a bed to the ambulance stretcher. D. with a possible cervical spine injury.

from a bed to the ambulance stretcher.

Bile is produced by the liver and concentrated and stored in the: A. pancreas. B. kidneys. C. gallbladder. D. stomach.

gallbladder.

The body's backup system of respiratory control, which is based on low concentrations of oxygen in the blood, is called the: A. pneumotaxic drive. B. hypoxic drive. C. hypocarbic drive. D. oxyhemoglobin drive.

hypoxic drive.

The pelvic bones are formed by the fusion of the:

ilium, ischium, and pubis.

The pelvic bones are formed by the fusion of the: A. sacrum and ischium. B. pubis and acetabulum. C. ilium, pubis, and sacrum. D. ilium, ischium, and pubis.

ilium, ischium, and pubis.

In the eyes of the courts, an incomplete or untidy patient care form indicates:

inadequate patient care was administered.

Breathing occurs as the result of a(n):

increase in carbon dioxide, which decreases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid.

Breathing occurs as the result of a(n): A. decrease in oxygen, which increases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid. B. decrease in carbon dioxide, which increases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid. C. increase in oxygen, which decreases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid. D. increase in carbon dioxide, which decreases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid.

increase in carbon dioxide, which decreases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid.

Physical changes that typically occur in early adults include an: A. increase in height because of spinal disc expansion. B. increase in muscle strength and reflexes. C. increase in fatty tissue, which leads to weight gain. D. increase in respiratory rate due to increased metabolism. C. increase in fatty tissue, which leads to weight gain.

increase in fatty tissue, which leads to weight gain.

Factors that contribute to a decline in the vital capacity of an elderly patient include all of the following, EXCEPT:

increased surface area available for air exchange.

In late adults, the amount of air left in the lungs after expiration of the maximum amount of air:

increases, which hampers diffusion of gases because of the stagnant air that remains in the alveoli.

Deoxygenated blood from the abdomen, pelvis, and lower extremities is returned to the right atrium via the:

inferior vena cava.

The diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract during: A. ventilation. B. inhalation. C. exhalation. D. respiration.

inhalation.

The diaphragm is unique because it:

is both a voluntary and an involuntary muscle.

The diaphragm is unique because it: A. does not receive impulses from the brain. B. is the exclusive muscle of breathing. C. is both a voluntary and an involuntary muscle. D. does not have striations like skeletal muscle.

is both a voluntary and an involuntary muscle.

An acronym is fine to use with other EMTs if​ it: A.is common and widely used. B.uses the same letters as a common abbreviation that means something different. C.is relatively obscure except for specialists in a particular area. D.means different things in different contexts.

is common and widely used.

In many states, a minor may be treated as an adult for the purpose of consenting to or refusing medical treatment if the minor:

is self-supporting and lives by him- or herself.

The vocal cords are located in the: A. oropharynx. B. larynx. C. pharynx. D. nasopharynx.

larynx.

The __________ fills the entire anteroposterior depth of the right upper quadrant of the abdomen.

liver

The __________ fills the entire anteroposterior depth of the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. A. pancreas B. liver C. spleen D. stomach

liver

You are summoned to a convalescent center for an 88-year-old female with an altered mental status. A staff nurse advises you that the patient has terminal cancer and her physician stated that she would probably die within the next few hours; a valid do not resuscitate (DNR) order is presented to you. When caring for this patient, you should:

make her comfortable and provide emotional support.

The most superior section of the sternum is called the:

manubrium.

The most superior section of the sternum is called the: A. costal arch. B. angle of Louis. C. manubrium. D. xiphoid process.

manubrium.

At the scene of an automobile crash, a utility pole has been broken and power lines are lying across the car. The patients inside the car are conscious. You should:

mark off a danger zone around the downed lines.

As an EMT, it is important to remember that the signs and symptoms of cumulative stress:

may not be obvious or present all the time.

The inside of a​ person's thigh is also known as its​ ________ aspect. A.lateral B.axillary C.inferior D.medial

medial

The distal aspect of the tibia forms the:

medial malleolus.

The distal aspect of the tibia forms the: A. medial malleolus. B. lateral condyle. C. Achilles tendon. D. lateral malleolus.

medial malleolus.

The EMT's scope of practice within his or her local response area is defined by the:

medical director.

According to the terminal drop hypothesis:

mental function is presumed to decline in the 5 years preceding death.

The ___________ plane separates the body into left and right halves.

midsagittal

If a patient's chest barely moves during inhalation, even if the patient's respiratory rate is normal, you should suspect that:

minute volume is decreased.

The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through the: A. pulmonary arteries. B. inferior venae cavae. C. superior venae cavae. D. pulmonary veins.

pulmonary veins.

If a patient's chest barely moves during inhalation, even if the patient's respiratory rate is normal, you should suspect that: A. inspiratory reserve is increased. B. expiratory reserve volume is decreased. C. overall tidal volume is increased. D. minute volume is decreased.

minute volume is decreased.

When you are communicating with an older patient, it is important to remember that:

most older people think clearly and are capable of answering questions

The muscle tissue of the heart is called the:

myocardium.

The muscle tissue of the heart is called the: A. myocardium. B. endocardium. C. pericardium. D. epicardium.

myocardium.

When caring for a 65-year-old male with respiratory distress, you place him in a comfortable position but do not apply oxygen. The patient's condition continues to deteriorate and he develops cardiac arrest and dies at the hospital. This scenario is an example of:

negligence.

The respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute in an infant is ________. A. too fast B. normal C. too shallow D. too slow

normal

Maintaining the chain of evidence at the scene of a crime should include:

not cutting through holes in clothing that were caused by weapons.

When providing a patient report via radio, you should protect the patient's privacy by:

not disclosing his or her name

Trauma to the __________ lobe of the brain would likely result in visual disturbances.

occipital

Trauma to the __________ lobe of the brain would likely result in visual disturbances. A. occipital B. parietal C. frontal D. tempora

occipital

Prescription glasses do not provide adequate eye protection because they:

offer little or no side protection.

In the lateral recumbent​ position, the patient is​ lying: A.on the right or left side. B.on the back with the lower body elevated. C.on the back with the upper body elevated. D.facedown on the stomach.

on the right or left side.

The medical term that is used to refer to the palm of the hand​ is: A.superior. B.distal. C.palmar. D.plantar.

palmar.

The exocrine gland of the pancreas secretes:

pancreatic juice.

The exocrine gland of the pancreas secretes: A. insulin. B. pancreatic juice. C. glucose. D. bile.

pancreatic juice.

Anterior to the knee is a specialized bone called the:

patella.

Anterior to the knee is a specialized bone called the: A. tibia. B. femur. C. patella. D. calcaneus.

patella.

The circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells' current needs is called:

perfusion.

The circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells' current needs is called: A. cardiac output. B. respiration. C. perfusion. D. metabolism.

perfusion.

The EMT's first priority is __________.

personal safety

Physiologic manifestations of stress include:

perspiration, increased blood glucose levels, and dilated pupils.

The bones that constitute the fingers and toes are called:

phalanges.

The bones that constitute the fingers and toes are called: A. carpals. B. metatarsals C. metacarpals. D. phalanges.

phalanges.

During your EMT​ class, you will be studying the effects of how the brain​ (a neurological​ structure) contributes to normal lung inflation​ (a pulmonary​ structure). The study of how these body structures and systems function and relate to one another is known​ as: A.anatomical regions. B.anatomy. C.pathophysiology. D.physiology.

physiology.

Study of the function of the living body and its​ parts, or how the body​ works, is​ called: A.sociology. B.psychology. C.anatomy. D.physiology.

physiology.

Understanding how the function of one body system affects another body system describes the study​ of: A.chemistry. B.physiology. C.physics. D.anatomy.

physiology.

Imaginary​ straight-line divisions of the body are​ called: A.components. B.placements. C.planes. D.divisions.

planes.

The medical term that is used to refer to the sole of the foot​ is: A.inferior. B.plantar. C.distal. D.solar.

plantar.

You are treating a man who was assaulted and has a closed head injury. The patient, who has slurred speech, becomes verbally abusive and tells you to leave him alone. You should:

proceed with treatment and utilize law enforcement for assistance if necessary.

When a patient is found lying on the​ stomach, face​ down, this is referred to​ as: A.recovery. B.prone. C.supine. D.lateral.

prone.

When you arrived on​ scene, you found your patient lying on her stomach. You would report and document that the patient was​ found: A.lateral. B.supine. C.recumbent. D.prone.

prone.

You respond to a large concert venue where a number of spectators are reported to be severely intoxicated. You are directed to an area where several patients appear to be​ unconscious, lying face down on the ground. The position of these patients is described​ as: A.prone. B.supine. C.posterior. D.anterior.

prone.

Upon arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you note that two small cars collided head-on; the occupants are still in their vehicles. The fire department is in the process of stabilizing the vehicles and law enforcement personnel are directing traffic. After parking the ambulance at a safe distance, you and your partner should:

put on high-visibility safety vests.

You are dispatched to an apartment complex for a shooting. Law enforcement personnel are present and have the suspect in custody. You find the patient lying in a narrow space between the couch and coffee table of his small apartment. He is semiconscious and has a large gunshot wound to his chest. You should:

quickly move the coffee table so you can access and treat the patient.

The bones of the forearm are called the:

radius and ulna.

The bones of the forearm are called the: A. radius and ulna. B. humerus and ulna. C. radius and humerus. D. tibia and radius.

radius and ulna.

The primary function of the right atrium is to:

receive blood from the vena cava.

The primary function of the right atrium is to: A. pump blood to the pulmonary artery. B. pump blood to the lungs for reoxygenation. C. receive blood from the vena cava. D. receive blood from the pulmonary veins.

receive blood from the vena cava.

The left atrium:

receives blood from the pulmonary veins

Your​ 79-year-old female patient appears to show all signs and symptoms of a stroke. Her level of consciousness has rapidly​ deteriorated, she is now​ unconscious, and she can no longer control her own airway. While you intervene to manage her​ airway, the best position in which to keep fluid or vomitus from occluding her airway would be​ the: A. supine position. B. Fowler position. C. recovery position. D. prone position.

recovery position.

Another term for the lateral recumbent position​ is: A.recovery. B.supine. C.prone. D.Fowler's.

recovery.

After assessing a patient's blood glucose level, you accidentally stick yourself with the contaminated lancet. You should:

report the incident to your supervisor after the call.

Quid pro quo, a type of sexual harassment, occurs when the harasser:

requests sexual favors in exchange for something else.

The amount of air that remains in the lungs simply to keep them open is called the:

residual volume.

The amount of air that remains in the lungs simply to keep them open is called the: A. tidal volume. B. inspiratory reserve volume. C. expiratory reserve volume. D. residual volume.

residual volume.

As you are wheeling your patient through the emergency department doors, you receive another call for a major motor vehicle crash. You should:

respond only after giving a verbal patient report to a nurse or physician

You are assessing a 13-month-old female who is running a fever and has been vomiting. While you are performing your physical examination on this child, you will MOST likely find that she:

responds to her name but is fearful of your presence.

Your ability to remain awake is a function of the:

reticular activating system.

Your ability to remain awake is a function of the: A. pons and medulla. B. limbic system. C. reticular activating system. D. cerebellum.

reticular activating system.

The part of the brain that controls the left side of the body is the:

right-side cerebrum.

The part of the brain that controls the left side of the body is the: A. right-side cerebrum. B. left parietal lobe. C. left-side cerebrum. D. right temporal lobe.

right-side cerebrum.

The ___________ portion of the spinal column is joined to the iliac bones of the pelvis.

sacrum

The ___________ portion of the spinal column is joined to the iliac bones of the pelvis. A.) sacrum B.) coccyx C.) lumbar D.) thoracic

sacrum

The large, flat, triangular bone that overlies the posterior thoracic wall is called the:

scapula.

The large, flat, triangular bone that overlies the posterior thoracic wall is called the: A. scapula. B. glenoid. C. acromion. D. clavicle.

scapula.

Patients who become dependent upon EMS personnel or other health care providers often feel:

shamed.

The risk of bleeding in the skull, which increases with age, is MOST directly related to: A. shrinkage of the brain. B. a decrease in neurons. C. meningeal deterioration. D. blood vessel dilation.

shrinkage of the brain.

The electrical impulse of the heart normally begins at the:

sinoatrial node.

The electrical impulse of the heart normally begins at the: A. bundle of His. B. sinoatrial node. C. atrioventricular node. D. Purkinje fibers.

sinoatrial node.

The axial skeleton is composed of the:

skull, face, thorax, and vertebral column.

The axial skeleton is composed of the: a.) arms, legs, and pelvis b.) lower part of the torso and the legs c.) skull, face, thorax, and vertebral column d.) bones that comprise the pelvic girdle

skull, face, thorax, and vertebral column.

You could be sued for ___________ if your radio report to the hospital describes the patient in a manner that injures his or her reputation.

slander

You are dispatched to a call for a 4-month-old infant with respiratory distress. While you prepare to take care of this child, you must remember that: A. assisted ventilations in infants often need to be forceful to inflate their lungs. B. small infants are nose breathers and require clear nasal passages at all times. C. an infant's head should be placed in a flexed position to prevent obstruction. D. the infant's proportionately small tongue often causes an airway obstruction. B. small infants are nose breathers and require clear nasal passages at all times.

small infants are nose breathers and require clear nasal passages at all times.

The primary organ responsible for absorption of the products of digestion is the:

small intestine.

The primary organ responsible for absorption of the products of digestion is the: A. pancreas. B. small intestine. C. gallbladder. D. large intestin

small intestine.

Activities such as walking, talking, and writing are regulated by the:

somatic nervous system.

Activities such as walking, talking, and writing are regulated by the: A. central nervous system. B. involuntary nervous system. C. somatic nervous system. D. autonomic nervous system.

somatic nervous system.

f you meet someone who is a​ cardiologist, you know from ​-ist that this person is​ a: A.doctor. B.nurse. C.specialist. D.EMT.

specialist

Worn-out blood cells, foreign substances, and bacteria are filtered from the blood by the: A. liver. B. spleen. C. pancreas. D. kidney.

spleen.

The MOST serious consequence of drug or alcohol abuse among EMS personnel is:

substandard or inappropriate patient care.

When a patient is lying on the​ back, this is referred to​ as: A.supine. B.recumbent. C.Fowler's. D.semi​-Fowler.

supine.

Older adults frequently ___________. Select one: A. are able to increase their muscle mass B. take multiple medications C. experience a decrease in body fat as they age D. are unable to overcome medical problems

take multiple medications

If you describe a​ patient's pulse as​ bradycardic, you likely are NOT​ speaking: A.to the receiving nurse at the ED. B.to your partner. C.to a family member of the patient. D.to the​ patient's physician.

to a family member of the patient.

The term lateral is best defined​ as: A.to the back of. B.to the side. C.toward the middle of. D.under the arms.

to the side.

Urine is transported from the kidneys to the urinary bladder via the:

ureters.

Urine is transported from the kidneys to the urinary bladder via the: A. urethra. B. ureters. C. prostate. D. renal duct.

ureters.

You are providing care to a 61-year-old female complaining of chest pain that is cardiac in origin. Your service utilizes a multiplex communication system. You wish to transmit the patient's electrocardiogram to the hospital. In order to accomplish this, you must:

use the multiplex system to transmit the information

In an otherwise healthy adult, blood loss would cause:

vascular constriction and tachycardia.

In an otherwise healthy adult, blood loss would cause: A. vascular dilation and tachycardia. B. vascular constriction and bradycardia. C. vascular constriction and tachycardia. D. vascular dilation and bradycardia.

vascular constriction and tachycardia.

the movement of air between the lungs and the environment is called:

ventilation

A patient has a blood pressure of 130/70 mm Hg. The "130" in this measurement represents:

ventricular contraction.

A patient has a blood pressure of 130/70 mm Hg. The "130" in this measurement represents: A. ventricular contraction. B. ventricular filling. C. ventricular relaxation. D. atrial contraction.

ventricular contraction.

Effective therapeutic communication skills require _________.

verbal and nonverbal communication techniques

Skeletal muscle is also called:

voluntary muscle

The simplest, yet most effective method of preventing the spread of an infectious disease is to:

wash your hands in between patient contacts.

Capillary sphincter closure during internal or external bleeding is detrimental because:

waste products are not removed and nutrients are not delivered to the cells.