emt chapter 21

37. You and your paramedic partner are caring for a patient who ingested codeine, acetaminophen (Tylenol), and propoxyphene (Darvon). The patient is unresponsive, his breathing is slow and shallow, and his pulse is slow and weak. Treatment for this patient will include: A. assisted ventilation, naloxone (Narcan), and rapid transport. B. oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask and rapid transport. C. assisted ventilation, flumazenil (Romazicon), and rapid transport. D. oxygen via a nasal cannula, atropine, and rapid transport.

A. assisted ventilation and naloxone (Narcan)

How do poisons typically act to harm the body? A. by changing the normal metabolism of cells or by destroying them B. by causing burns and damage to either external or internal organs C. by interfering with normal neurologic functions D. By causing a slowing of nearly all bodily functions

A. by changing the normal metabolism of cells or by destroying them

A 49-year-old male presents with confusion, sweating, and visual hallucinations. The patient's wife tells you that he is a heavy drinker and she thinks he had a seizure shortly before your arrival. This patient is MOST likely experiencing A. delirium tremens B. alcohol intoxication C. acute schizophrenia D. acute hypovolemia

A. delirium tremens

Most poisonings occur via the ____ route A. ingestion B. inhalation C. injection D. absorption

A. ingestion

When caring for a known alcoholic patient with severe trauma to the chest and abdomen, you should be concerned that: A. internal bleeding may be profuse because prolonged alcohol use may impair the bloods ability to clot B. delirium tremens (DTs) are commonly induced by physical trauma and can lead to life threatening seizures C. long bone fractures are likely because chronic alcohol consumption weakens the structure of bones D. signs and symptoms of shock may be masked by the stimulant effects produced by alcohol

A. internal bleeding may be profuse because prolonged alcohol use may impair the bloods ability to clot

Heroin is an example of: A. opioid B. sympathomimetic C. hypnotic D. cholinergic

A. opioid

The recommended treatment for absorbed or contact poisons includes _________ A. safely removing or diluting the poisonous substance B. transporting the patient to the emergency department with the poisonous substance in place C. collecting and transporting the poisonous substance to the emergency department for identification D. neutralizing the poisonous substance with a chemical

A. safely removing or diluting the poisonous substance

Victims of inhaled poisoning will require which of the following? A. transport to an emergency department for evaluation B. ventilation with a BVM C. suctioning to clear airway D. an OPA or NPA to maintain airway

A. transport to an emergency department for evaluation

Which of the following questions would be LEAST pertinent during the initial questioning of a patient who ingested a substance? A. why was the substance ingested? B. what type of substance was taken? C. how long ago was the substance taken? D. how much of the substance was taken?-

A. why was the substance ingested?

Activated charcoal is given to patients who have ingested certain substances because it: A. is a direct antidote for many toxic substances B. binds to the substance and prevents absorption C. induces vomiting and empties the stomach D. decreases absorption of poisons into the lungs

B. binds to the substance and prevents absorption

"Nerve gasses" overstimulate normal body functions that are controlled by parasympathic nerves, causing: A. pupil dilation B. increased salivation D. decreased lacrimation D. decreased urination

B. increased salivation

Hypotension, hypoventilation, and pinpoint pupils would be expected following an overdose of: A. ecstasy. B. oxycodone (Percocet). C. amphetamine sulfate (Benzedrine). D. crack cocaine.

B. oxycodone (Percocet).

A person who routinely misuses a substance and requires increasing amounts to achieve the same effect is experiencing: A. addiction B. tolerance C. dependence D. withdrawl

B. tolerance

If the victim of a toxicologic emergency vomits, an EMT should _________. A. have the patient enclose the vomitus in a container and take it to the emergency department B. use appropriate personal protective equipment and examine the vomitus for pill fragments or other clues for patient care C. safely dispose of the vomitus as soon as possible and decontaminate the vehicle as necessary D. do not approach the vomitus

B. use appropriate personal protective equipment and examine the vomitus for pill fragments or other clues for patient care

Which of the following sets of vital signs would the EMT MOST likely encounter in a patient with acute cocaine overdose? A. BP 190/90mmHg; pulse 40bpm B. BP 200/100 mmHg; pulse 150bpm C. BP 60/40 mmHg; pulse 140 bpm D. BP 180/100 mmHg; pulse 50 bpm

BP, 200/100 mm Hg; pulse, 150 beats/min

Of the four avenues of poisoning, generally ___________ is the most worrisome in terms of treatment to the EMS provider. A. absorption B. inhalation C. injection D. ingestion

C. injection

In an apparent suicide attempt, a 19-year-old female ingested a full bottle of amitriptyline (Elavil). At present, she is conscious and alert and states that she swallowed the pills approximately 30 minutes earlier. Her blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg, her pulse is 140 beats/min and irregular, and her respirations are 22 breaths/min with adequate depth. When transporting this patient, you should be MOST alert for A. increase in BP B. sudden outburst of violence C. seizures and cardiac arrhythmias D. acute respiratory depression

C. seizures and cardiac arrhythmias

You receive a call to a residence where a man found his wife unresponsive on the couch. The patient's respiratory rate is 8 breaths/min, her breathing is shallow, her heart rate is 40 beats/min, and her pulse is weak. The husband hands you an empty bottle of hydrocodone (Vicodin), which was refilled the day before. You should: A. apply oxygen via NRB B. contact poison control C. ventilate with a BVM D. perform a head to toe exam

C. ventilate with a BVM

Which of the following is NOT considered a sign or symptom of alcohol withdrawal: A. Agitation and restlessness B. Fever and sweating C. Seizures D. Chest Pain

D. Chest Pain

The Most important consideration in caring for a patient who has been exposed to an organophosphate insecticide or some other cholinergic agent is to? A. maintain the airway B. apply high flow oxygen C. initiate CPR D. avoid exposure yourself

D. avoid exposure yourself

As you enter the residence of a patient who has possibly overdosed, you should: A. look for drug paraphernalia B. quickly gain access to the patient C. observe the scene for drug bottles D. be alert for personal hazards

D. be alert for personal hazards

You have responded to the home of a 26 year old women who has reportedly taken a large number of pills an attempt to commit suicide. As you enter the living room, you see her sleeping in her chair, with several empty alcohol containers. She is breathing heavily. You are able to arouse her consciousness for a short period of time. What course of action takes priority? A. cover her with a blanket to maintain body temperature B. ask why she attempted suicide C. administer syrup of ipecac D. have her take activated charcoal while she is conscious

D. have her take activated charcoal while she is conscious

An overdose of acetaminophen, the active ingredient in Tylenol, will MOST likely cause: A. kidney failure B. CNS depression C. gastric ulcers D. liver failure

D. liver failure

Medical problems that may cause the pt to present as intoxicated include all of the following Except: A. uncontrolled diabetes B. head trauma C. toxic reactions D. syncope

D. syncope

Which of the following statements regarding the Salmonella bacterium is correct? A. salmonella produces toxins that causes food poisoning B. symptoms of salmonellosis appear within 12hrs C. refrigeration of foods will prevent salmonellosis D. the salmonella bacterium itself causes food poisoning

D. the salmonella bacterium itself causes food poisoning

Which of the following statement regarding injected poisons is False? A. they may result in dizziness, fever, and chills B. they are frequently caused by a drug overdose C. you should remove rings, watches, and bracelets in areas of swelling D. they are easily diluted once in the bloodstream

D. they are easily diluted once in the bloodstream