EMT chapter 26

In which of the following patients should you remove an impaled object?

A pulseless and apneic patient with a knife impaled in the back

Which of the following open soft-tissue injuries is limited to the superficial layer of the skin and results in the least amount of blood loss?

Abrasion

he sebaceous glands produce sebum, a material that:

waterproofs the skin and keeps it supple

_____ burns may involve the subcutaneous layers, muscle, bone, or internal organs.

Full-thickness

Razorcut

Laceration

Secrete a watery substances that lubricates the openings of the mouth and nose

Mucous membranes

Which of the following is a severe burn in a 65-year-old patient?

Partial-thickness burn to 20% of the BSA

Produce oil, which waterproofs the skin and keeps it supple

Sebaceous glands

Cool the body by discharging a substance through the pores

Sweat glands

As you approach a young male who was involved in an industrial accident, you note that his eyes are closed and that he is not moving. You can see several large contusions to his arms, a laceration to his forehead with minimal bleeding, and a closed deformity to his right leg. You should:

open his airway and assess his breathing status.

Burns to pediatric patients are generally considered more serious than burns to adults because:

pediatric patients have more surface area relative to total body mass.

Gunshot Wound

penetrating wound

A 39-year-old male was struck in the head by a baseball during a game. He is confused and has slurred speech. He has a large hematoma in the center of his forehead and cannot remember the events preceding the injury. After manually stabilizing his head and assessing his airway, you should:

administer high-flow oxygen.

An open neck injury may result in _____ if enough air is sucked into a blood vessel.

an air embolism

In addition to severe bleeding, the MOST life-threatening complication associated with an open neck injury is:

an air embolism

You have applied a dressing and roller-gauze bandage to a laceration on the arm of a young female. During transport, she begins to complain of numbness and tingling in her hand. You should:

assess distal circulation and readjust the bandage as needed.

When caring for a patient whose arm is covered with a dry chemical, you should:

brush away the chemical before flushing with water.

Which of the following statements regarding crush syndrome is correct?

Compromised arterial blood flow leads to crush syndrome and can occur when an area of the body is trapped for longer than 4 hours.

A 33-year-old male sustained an abdominal evisceration to the left lower quadrant of his abdomen after he was cut with a large knife. After appropriately managing his ABCs and assessing him for other life-threatening injuries, how you should care for his wound?

Cover it with moist, sterile gauze and secure with an occlusive dressing.

The skin regulates temperature in a cold environment by:

constricting blood vessels

A closed soft-tissue injury characterized by swelling and ecchymosis is called a(n):

contusion.

Splinting an extremity even when there is no fracture can help to:

reduce pain, minimize damage to an already-injured extremity, make it easier to move the patient.

A(n) _____ occurs when a great amount of force is applied to the body for a long period of time.

crushing injury

A 56-year-old male has an incomplete avulsion to his right forearm. After controlling any bleeding from the wound, you should:

replace the avulsed flap to its original position and cover it with a sterile dressing.

An 8-year-old male was bitten by a stray dog. He has a large laceration to the back of his left hand, which your partner covered with a sterile dressing and bandage. In addition to transporting the child to the hospital, you should:

report the incident to the appropriate authorities.

The skin covering the _____ is quite thick.

scalp

During your assessment of a patient who was shot in the abdomen, you notice a large entrance wound with multiple small puncture wounds surrounding it. This wound pattern is MOST consistent with a:

shotgun.

A burn that is characterized by redness and pain is classified as a:

superficial burn.

You respond to a house fire with the local fire department. They bring a 48-year-old woman out of the house. She is unconscious but her airway is open. Her breathing is shallow at 30 breaths/min. Her pulse is 110 beats/min, strong and regular. Her blood pressure is 108/72 mm Hg. She has been burned over 40% of her body. The burned area appears to be dry and leathery. It looks charred and has pieces of fabric embedded in the flesh. You know that this type of burn is considered a:

third-degree burn

A 21-year-old male was working in an auto repair shop and sustained radiator burns to the anterior aspect of both arms and to his anterior chest. According to the rule of nines, this patient has burns that cover _____ of his BSA.

18%

Inner layer of skin that contains the structures that give skin its characteristic appearance

Dermis

Which of the following areas of the body has the thinnest skin?

Ears

Tough external layer forming a watertight covering for the body

Epidermis

Which of the following processes occurs during the inflammation phase of the healing process?

The immune system releases histamines, which cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, resulting in local redness and swelling.

Skinned knee

abrasion