EMT Chapter 27

You are dispatched to a convenience store, where the clerk sustained a laceration to the side of his neck during a robbery attempt. During your assessment, you note bright red blood spurting from the laceration. You should:

apply direct pressure above and below the wound.

A young female experienced a laceration to her left eyeball from flying glass when her boyfriend broke a soda bottle against a wall. There is moderate bleeding and the patient states that she cannot see out of the injured eye. You should:

avoid applying pressure to the globe when you are covering the eye.

The term "hyphema" is defined as:

blood in the anterior chamber of the eye.

A 39-year-old female experienced a severe closed head injury. She is unresponsive with her eyes slightly open; her pupils are bilaterally dilated and slow to react. In addition to managing problems with airway, breathing, and circulation, you should:

close her eyes and cover them with a moist dressing.

A 40-year-old male was in his woodworking shop when he felt a sudden, sharp pain in his left eye. Your assessment reveals a small splinter of wood embedded in his cornea. You should:

cover both of his eyes and transport to the hospital.

Bleeding from soft-tissue injuries to the face is MOST effectively controlled with:

direct pressure using dry, sterile dressings.

A 52-year-old unrestrained female struck the steering wheel with her face when her truck collided with another vehicle. She has obvious swelling to her face and several dislodged teeth. A visual exam of her mouth reveals minimal bleeding. She is conscious and alert with a blood pressure of 130/80 mm Hg, a pulse of 110 beats/min, and respirations of 22 breaths/min with adequate tidal volume. You should:

fully immobilize her spine, attempt to locate the dislodged teeth, suction as needed, and transport.

A factory worker was splashed in the eyes with a strong acid chemical. He complains of intense pain and blurred vision. Your ambulance does not carry bottles of sterile saline or water. You should:

irrigate both eyes continuously for 20 minutes with plain water.

The cricoid cartilage:

is the only complete circular cartilage of the trachea.

When a light is shone into the pupil:

it should become smaller in size.

The superficial temporal artery can be palpated:

just anterior to the tragus.

Following direct trauma to the upper part of the anterior neck, a young male presents with labored breathing, loss of voice, and subcutaneous emphysema in the soft tissues around his neck. You should suspect a(n):

laryngeal fracture.

The lower jawbone is called the:

mandible.

The upper jawbones are called the:

maxillae.

Facial injuries should be identified and treated as soon as possible because:

of the risk for airway problems.

A 44-year-old male sustained a laceration to his left ear during a minor car accident. Your assessment reveals minimal bleeding. Appropriate care for this injury includes:

padding between the ear and the scalp.

The opening in the center of the iris, which allows light to move to the back of the eye, is called the:

pupil.

A 6-year-old female was riding her bicycle and struck a clothesline with her throat. She is breathing, but with obvious difficulty. Your assessment reveals a crackling sensation in the soft tissues of her neck and facial cyanosis. In addition to the appropriate airway management, the intervention that will MOST likely improve her chance of survival is:

rapidly transporting her to the hospital.

The optic nerve endings are located within the:

retina.

The white portion of the eye is called the:

sclera.

A 30-year-old female was robbed and assaulted as she was leaving a nightclub. She has massive facial trauma and slow, gurgling respirations. As your partner manually stabilizes her head, you should:

suction her oropharynx for 15 seconds.

The Adam's apple is:

the upper part of the larynx that is formed by the thyroid cartilage.

A 4-year-old female has a peanut lodged in the external auditory canal of her right ear. You should:

transport her to the emergency department.

The mastoid process is located approximately:

1 inch posterior to the external opening of the ear.

What is the function of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

Allows movement of the head

Which of the following statements regarding anterior nosebleeds is correct?

They usually originate from the septum area and bleed slowly.

Abnormal variations in pupil size and reaction would MOST likely be observed in a patient with:

a brain injury.

The inner surface of the eyelids and the exposed surface of the eye itself are covered by a delicate membrane called the:

conjunctiva.

You are assessing a 59-year-old male and note that his pupils are unequal. He is conscious and alert. When obtaining his medical history, it is MOST pertinent to ask him if he:

has a history of eye surgeries.

The conjunctiva are kept moist by fluid produced by the:

lacrimal gland.