EMT- Chapter 38 (Vehicle extraction & special rescue)

Which of the following statements regarding trench rescue is correct? a. Ground vibration is a primary cause of secondary collapse. b. Rescue vehicles should park at least 250 feet from the scene. c. Most deaths involving cave-ins are caused by head injury. d. A trench deeper than 10 feet should be shored prior to entry.

a. Ground vibration is a primary cause of secondary collapse.

A vehicle has rolled onto its passenger side after running a red light at an intersection and striking another car. The restrained driver remains in the car, screaming in pain. To manage this scene, which one of the following should you do first? a. Stabilize the vehicle. b. Determine vital signs. c. Hold manual in-line stabilization. d. Remove the roof.

a. Stabilize the vehicle.

A car has struck a utility pole at a high rate of speed. The male driver appears to be unresponsive with snoring respirations. The vehicle has just been stabilized, and you have donned the appropriate personal protective equipment. Which one of the following should you do next? a. Take manual spinal stabilization. b. Place a tarp over some spilled antifreeze. c. Apply a cervical collar to his neck. d. Perform a jaw-thrust airway maneuver.

a. Take manual spinal stabilization.

The scene size-up at a motor vehicle crash or other incident: a. is an ongoing process until the incident is terminated. b. determines who is allowed to safely enter the hot zone. c. should be performed by the most experienced EMT. d. is a quick visual assessment of the scene prior to entry.

a. is an ongoing process until the incident is terminated.

You are on scene of a serious motor-vehicle collision. As the officer in charge, which one of the following instructions for other rescuers is most appropriate? a. "We need to route passing traffic no more than 20 feet around the scene." b. "Let's stop all traffic and reroute it to alternative roadways." c. "Park the ambulance downhill to make movement of the patient easier." d. "Let's make sure to put cones around the cars."

b. "Let's stop all traffic and reroute it to alternative roadways."

In order to evaluate hazards present at the scene and determine the number of patients, you should: a. interview bystanders present at the scene. b. perform a 360-degree walk around of the scene. c. use the information provided by dispatch. d. request the fire department at all scenes.

b. perform a 360-degree walk around of the scene.

The EMT's role at the scene of a search and rescue attempt is to: a. report to a location where the patient will be carried. b. stand by at the command post until the person is located. c. direct the search effort from a centralized location. d. accompany search team members and provide care.

b. stand by at the command post until the person is located.

You are on the scene of a car that hit a tree head on. The patient has a laceration to his forehead and a deformity to his left forearm. The car is a hybrid that runs on traditional as well as hydrogen gas. There is moderate front-end damage to the vehicle, but the airbags did not deploy. The patient was wearing a seatbelt. Which one of the following instructions is most appropriate in this situation? a. "Let's deactivate the airbags by turning the engine off." b. "We will need to puncture the hydrogen tank to prevent an explosion." c. "I need to have the battery cables disconnected." d. "Place a flare near the oil spill so that no one slips."

c. "I need to have the battery cables disconnected."

You have just arrived on the scene of a motor-vehicle collision where a car rolled several times at a high rate of speed. The car is on its wheels with the restrained driver still in his seat. After ensuring that the scene is safe and gaining access to the patient, which one of the following should you do immediately? a. Cover the patient and force the door open. b. Remove pieces of broken glass from around the patient. c. Provide manual in-line spinal stabilization. d. Establish a plan to extricate the patient.

c. Provide manual in-line spinal stabilization.

A midsize car has been struck by a small delivery truck and sustained moderate damage to the front passenger area. The car is on its tires, and wood chocks have been placed under the undercarriage of the car. The airbags did not deploy. Which one of the following is the next step in this rescue? a. Forcibly open the trunk. b. Extricate the patient. c. Release air from the tires. d. Carefully deploy the airbags.

c. Release air from the tires.

Which of the following statements regarding the rapid extrication technique is correct? a. Rapid extrication involves the use of heavy equipment to disentangle a patient from his or her crashed vehicle. b. It involves rapidly removing a patient from his or her vehicle after immobilizing him or her with a short backboard. c. The rapid extrication technique is indicated if the scene is unsafe and the patient is not entrapped in his or her vehicle. d. The only indication for performing a rapid extrication is if the patient is not entrapped and is in cardiac arrest.

c. The rapid extrication technique is indicated if the scene is unsafe and the patient is not entrapped in his or her vehicle.

Upon arrival at a motor vehicle crash, the EMT should: a. park at least 300 feet away from the accident scene. b. turn off the ambulance and set the emergency brake. c. leave only the essential warning lights activated. d. turn off the emergency flashing lights and headlights.

c. leave only the essential warning lights activated.

The reasons for rescue failure can be recalled by the mnemonic FAILURE. According to this mnemonic, the "U" stands for: a. unprepared to effectively manage the scene. b. underutilizing personnel at the scene. c. underestimating the logistics of the incident. d. undertrained to correctly utilize equipment.

c. underestimating the logistics of the incident.

A roofer on top of a two-story house called 911 after experiencing chest pain and dizziness. You are providing care to the patient on top of the roof and the fire department has arrived to help remove the patient from his present location. As the patient is brought down the ladder, your highest priority as an EMT is: a. safety of the patient. b. providing patient care. c. your personal safety. d. safety of the other rescuers.

c. your personal safety.

A car has rolled several times and is on its roof. Closer inspection reveals the unrestrained driver lying in her back with the back portion of the roof collapsed. At this time, which one of the following instructions should you give first? a. "We need to climb in to assess the patient." b. "Let's forcibly remove the back door." c. "Let's open the doors and use them for support." d. "We need to take the weight off of the posts."

d. "We need to take the weight off of the posts."

On the scene of a motor-vehicle collision, the driver is sitting inside the car with all windows up. When you attempt to open the doors, you find that they are locked. Given this situation, which one of the following statements made to the patient is most appropriate? a. "Please shield your eyes. I am going to break the window so we can open the door." b. "Very carefully, with as little movement as possible, please roll down the window." c. "Please remain still. I am calling for the rescue truck to remove the door of your car." d. "Without moving your head or neck, please try to unlock the door."

d. "Without moving your head or neck, please try to unlock the door."

Which of the following situations would require the use of a specialized rescue team? a. A patient found floating face down in a swimming pool b. An obese patient who must be moved to the ambulance c. A patient in a badly damaged car, not entrapped d. A patient trapped in a cave or a confined space

d. A patient trapped in a cave or a confined space

A vehicle has been struck in its front end by another car. The driver is entrapped and the roof must be rolled back to allow extrication. The car has been appropriately stabilized and you are inside with the patient. The primary assessment is complete and a cervical collar applied. Rescue personnel are ready to begin cutting the vehicle. At this time, the appropriate action is to: a. stabilize the vehicle. b. remove the windshield. c. apply a short vest-type extrication device. d. place a tarp over the patient.

d. place a tarp over the patient.

Upon arriving at the scene of a law enforcement tactical situation, you should ensure your own safety and then: a. apprise medical control of the tactical situation. b. locate all injured personnel and begin treatment. c. begin immediate triage of any injured personnel. d. report to the incident commander for instructions.

d. report to the incident commander for instructions.

Your primary concern when arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash is: a. requesting additional resources. b. immediately beginning triage. c. gaining access to the patient(s). d. surveying the area for hazards.

d. surveying the area for hazards.