Endocrine

Endocrine glands are

>are ductless glands. >are the organs of the endocrine system. >secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream. >help maintain homeostasis.

________ is the hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that stimulates the kidneys to retain ________ ions and maintain the concentration of mineral ions and water in the blood.

Aldosterone; sodium

Which is not a correct association of an endocrine gland with a hormone it secretes? Multiple Choice Pancreas - glucagon Adrenal cortex - glucocorticoids Anterior lobe of the pituitary - melatonin Adrenal medulla - epinephrine Thyroid gland - calcitonin

Anterior lobe of the pituitary - melatonin

Which are target organs for parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

Bone and kidney

ACTH

Both is produced by the anterior pituitary gland and stimulates the adrenal cortex are correct.

Which of these hormone pairs have antagonistic (opposite) effects?

Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone

Cortisol injections assist people with painful joints because of which effect of the hormone?

Cortisol inhibits the immune system from inflaming the painful joint.

Which of the following is NOT true about the pancreas?

Exocrine tissue is called the pancreatic islets.

The "master control center" of the endocrine system is the

Hypothalamus.

Which hormone is secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas?

Insulin

What is the function of thyroxine?

It increases the metabolic rate.

Where are the target cells for antidiuretic hormone?

Kidney tubules and smooth muscle of arteriole walls

Another name for the posterior pituitary gland is the

Neurohypophysis.

Where are the target cells for follicle-stimulating hormone?

Ovaries and testes

Which of the following hormones stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and milk expulsion when an infant is nursing?

Oxytocin

What is the function of epinephrine and norepinephrine?

Prepare the body for emergency situations and prolong fight-or-flight response

Milk production by the mammary glands is initiated and maintained by _________

Prolactin

Hormones secreted by the ________ gland regulate the metabolic rate and promote protein synthesis in body cells.

Thyroid

The release of hormones from the adrenal cortex is stimulated by

adrenocorticotropic hormone.

TSH is secreted by the ________ gland and stimulates hormone secretion by the ________ gland.

anterior lobe of the pituitary; thyroid

PTH encourages the kidney to __________ calcium and the intestines to __________ calcium.

conserve, absorb

The hormone that increases the rate of glycogen breakdown and glucose release by the liver is

glucagon.

Which hormone induces its target cells to take up glucose, thereby lowering blood glucose levels?

insulin

Which hormone induces ovulation?

luteinizing hormone

Which hormone is secreted by the pineal gland?

melatonin

The hormone that seems to control wake-sleep cycles is _________ produced by the ________ gland.

melatonin; pineal

Secretion by the adrenal medulla assists the sympathetic nervous system by:

preparing the body for a "fight or flight" response