Endocrine-Diabetes - Hesi level 3

The nurse is teaching a client about the movement of glucose in the body. Arrange the sequence of events that take place when blood glucose levels drop.

1- insulin secretion stops, glucagon is released 2-glycogenesis and glyconeogensis takes place 3-liposyisis, breakdown of fats take place 4- proteolysis, breakdwn of protein takes place ....When blood glucose levels fall, insulin secretion stops and glucagon is released. Glucagon prevents hypoglycemia by triggering the release of glucose from cell storage sites. Glucagon causes the release of glucose from the liver. Glycogen is broken down to glucose in the liver during the process of glycogenolysis; similarly, amino acids are broken down to glucose in the process of gluconeogenesis. When liver glucose is unavailable, lipolysis and proteolysis provide fuel for energy.

Which of these clients with diabetes does the endocrine unit charge nurse assign to an RN who has floated from the labor/delivery unit?

70-year-old who needs blood glucose monitoring and insulin before each meal

What are the actions of incretin hormones? Select all that ap

increase insulin secretion, inhibit glucagon secretion, slow the rate of gastric empyting

Which statement about prediabetes is correct?

It describes people at risk for type 2 diabetes who have a fasting glucose level of 100-125 mg/dL

A client with type 2 diabetes who is taking metformin (Glucophage) is seen in the diabetic clinic. The fasting blood glucose is 108 mg/dL, and the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is 8.2%. Which action does the nurse plan to take next?

ask client about current dietary intake and medication use

Which nursing action can the home health nurse delegate to a home health aide who is making daily visits to a client with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes?

assist client with washing feet and applying lotion..hyigiene

What are the distinguishing characteristics of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) that the nurse should remember? Select all that apply.

autoimmune, destroyed beta cells, triggered by viral infections

A 5'8" 225-pound client with metabolic syndrome has a blood pressure of 158/96 mm Hg, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level of 39 mg/dL, and a waist size of 44 inches. Which recommendation does the nurse make to this client?

consume fewer calories to reduce your weight

What method must the client with diabetes use with regard to insulin safety?

disgard any unused insulin after 28 dys

Which outcome is essential for the nurse to include in the plan of care for a client who has been newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus?

ensure client recognizes s/s of hypoglycemia

Which sign/symptom is an indicator of hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus?

excessive urination....hyperglycemia and diabetes= 3 P's

Which are microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus? Select all that appl

eye/vision complications, diabeteic neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, male ED

Which are counterregulatory hormones? Select all that apply.

glucagon, epi, noreph, cortisol, growth hormone

Which conditions are typical features of metabolic syndrome? Select all that apply

hypertension, abdominal obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia

The nurse is teaching a client with diabetes about proper foot care. Which statement by the client indicates that teaching was effective?

i must inspect my shoes for foreign objects before putting them on

The fasting blood glucose of a client with diabetes measured using a home blood glucose meter is lower than the laboratory value. What is the cause of this difference

lab tests measure glucose in plasma

A client expresses fear and anxiety over the life changes associated with diabetes, stating, "I am scared I can't do it all and I will get sick and be a burden on my family." What is the nurse's best response?

lets tacklet his piece by piece. what is most scary to you?

Which medication taken by a client with diabetes mellitus will protect the kidneys and help prevent diabetic nephropathy?

lisinopril

The nurse caring for four diabetic clients has all of these activities to perform. Which is appropriate to delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?

perform hourly blood glucose checks for a client with hyperglycemia

The nurse is administering metformin (Glucophage) to a client with type 2 diabetes prior to breakfast. Which finding during administration requires further follow-up by the nurse?

scheduled angiogram of leg later today....bc metform held before idionated procedures

A client with type 2 diabetes has been admitted for surgery, and the health care provider has placed the client on insulin in addition to the current dose of metformin (Glucophage). The client wants to know the purpose of taking the insulin. What is the nurse's best response?

your body is under more stress so you need to support your medication