Endocrine system

Releasing and inhibiting hormones produced by the hypothalamus influence the activities of the ________.

anterior pituitary gland

Alcohol inhibits the secretion of ________.

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Alcohol suppresses the production of this hormone, ________, which normally promotes water retention and prevents dehydration.

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Which hormone is alternately known as vasopressin due to its effect on blood vessel diameter and blood pressure?

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

A hormone produced by the heart, known as ________, prevents the release of aldosterone in order to reduce blood volume and blood pressure.

atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

The two hormones released by the thyroid gland are ________.

calcitonin and thyroid hormone

Being lipid soluble, steroids can do all the following EXCEPT ________.

catalyze cyclic AMP

Mr. Lee says he felt scared to death when his neighbor's dog bit him. Which of the following did he NOT experience as a result of catecholamine release?

decreased blood pressure

Polyphagia, polydipsia, and polyuria are the three cardinal signs of a disease known as ________.

diabetes mellitus

The thyroid gland is located ________.

directly below the Adam's apple

The most common stimulus for prodding endocrine glands into action is ________.

hormonal

Most endocrine organs are prodded into action by other hormones; this type of stimulus is called ________.

hormonal stimulus

Which hormone is produced by the placenta that stimulates the ovaries to continue producing estrogen and progesterone?

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

When blood glucose levels are too high, the beta cells of the pancreas release ________ to decrease levels.

insulin

Beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce a hormone known as ________ while the alpha cells produce a hormone known as ________.

insulin; glucagon

Prostaglandins are ________.

lipid hormones manufactured in the plasma membranes of cells

A hormone called ________ is believed to play an important role in establishing the body's day-night cycle.

melatonin

The pineal gland produces ________.

melatonin

The hypothalamus makes two hormones, ________ and ________, that are stored by the posterior pituitary.

oxytocin; antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Where is calcitonin made?

parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland

Most hormones are ________.

released upon stimulation by other hormones

Water-soluble hormones, such as proteins and peptide hormones, activate target cells using ________.

the second-messenger system

A hormone called ________ plays an important role in incubating a special group of white blood cells.

thymosin

The target organ of thyrotropic hormone (TH), or thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), is the ________ gland.

thyroid