Endocrine

The nurse is reviewing the medical records of several clients. Which client has a condition that is an autoimmune disorder? 1 Addison disease 2 Cushing syndrome 3 Hashimoto disease 4 Sheehan syndrome

3 Hashimoto disease Hashimoto disease is an autoimmune disorder, wherein the immune system attacks the thyroid gland. Addison disease is caused by adrenal insufficiency. Cushing syndrome is caused by increased body levels of cortisol. Sheehan syndrome is hemorrhage-associated hypopituitarism after delivery of a child.

Which physical symptoms would a client diagnosed with Cushing syndrome exhibit? 1 Fever and tachycardia 2 Lethargy and constipation 3 Hypertension and moon face 4 Hyperactivity and exophthalmos

3 Hypertension and moon face

Which sign or symptom would the nurse expect to find on assessment of a client with a blood glucose level of 55 mg/dL? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Increased thirst 2 Abdominal pain 3 Frequent urination 4 Cold, clammy skin 5 3+ glucose in urinalysis

4 Cold, clammy skin

The nurse recalls that which cells produce the thyrocalcitonin hormone? 1 Islet cells 2 Adrenal cells 3 Pituitary cells 4 Parafollicular cells

4 Parafollicular cells Parafollicular cells produce thyrocalcitonin hormone. This hormone helps in the regulation of serum calcium levels. Islet cells are responsible for the production of hormones such as insulin and glucagon. Adrenal cells are responsible for the production of hormones such as cortisol and aldosterone. Pituitary cells are responsible for the production of growth hormone, prolactin, and adrenocorticotropic hormone.

Which hormones are secreted by the posterior pituitary gland? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Oxytocin 2 Prolactin 3 Corticotropin 4 Antidiuretic hormone 5 Melanocyte-stimulating hormone

1 Oxytocin 4 Antidiuretic hormone Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) are secreted by the posterior pituitary gland. Prolactin, corticotropin, and melanocyte-stimulating hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland.

Which hormone has both inhibiting and releasing action? 1 Prolactin 2 Somatostatin 3 Somatotropin 4 Gonadotropin

1 Prolactin Prolactin secreted by the hypothalamus has both inhibiting and releasing action. Somatostatin inhibits the secretion of growth hormone. Somatotropin and gonadotropin are releasing hormones.

The nurse teaches the client about endocrine functioning of part of the posterior pituitary. Which information from the client indicates successful learning? 1 Promotes growth 2 Promotes stress response 3 Increases serum calcium levels 4 Increases intestinal calcium absorption

1 Promotes growth Part A is the pituitary gland. Growth hormone secreted by the pituitary gland promotes protein anabolism (growth and tissue repair). The adrenal medulla releases epinephrine and norepinephrine during the stress response. Secreted by the parathyroid gland, parathormone increases serum calcium levels and also increases the intestinal absorption of calcium.

Identify the primary causes of adrenal insufficiency. Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Hemorrhage 2 Tuberculosis 3 Pituitary tumors 4 Postpartum pituitary necrosis 5 Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

1 Hemorrhage 2 Tuberculosis 5 Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) The primary causes of adrenal insufficiency are hemorrhage, tuberculosis, and AIDS. Pituitary tumors and postpartum pituitary necrosis are the secondary cases of adrenal insufficiency.

A deficiency in which hormone causes breast atrophy in female clients? 1 Growth hormone 2 Luteinizing hormone 3 Thyroid-stimulating hormone 4 Adrenocorticotropic hormone

2 Luteinizing hormone

When obtaining a health history from a client recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, the nurse expects the client to report which clinical manifestation? 1 Nervousness 2 Polyuria 3 Nocturia 4 Diaphoresis

2 Polyuria