Engineering Design Unit Test #3

instituted an expansive plan to utilize recycling services and recycled products/packages when feasible

Hertz

Which of the following describes the role of environmental engineering?

It helps governments and corporations solve problems and create products that assist the environment.

uses innovative, cost-effective technologies and uses 65 percent less energy than similar structures

Ridgehaven Building

Which explanation best identifies why the company in the following scenario has decided against investing in solar energy? A company in Miami, Florida, is considering an alternative energy source in order to cut down on its fuel costs. The company has thought about solar energy but has decided against it for the time being.

The company found the cost of the required photovoltaic cells too expensive.

brings the benefits of green design to help cities achieve cleaner air and waterways, as well as reduce energy use

US Codes Task Force

has transformed buildings and communities with a new program called Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design (LEED)

US Green Building Council

capable of decomposing into smaller chemical units via bacteria or other biological mechanisms in a reasonable length of time

biodegradable

Which of the following was one of the first industries that embraced the idea of going green?

construction

Howard's job is to periodically return to an apartment complex and ensure that all of the plumbing and electricity are still working properly.

maintenance plan

Which of the following describes the most direct and attainable way to reduce pollution in the environment?

making practical decisions about using natural resources and energy

Which of the following describes how oil is originally extracted?

raw and natural, with other components

explains the expected products of a study and explains any assumptions based upon the goal definition

scope

Which of the following identifies who provides incentives for energy-efficient methods and devices to decrease energy waste?

the federal government

Sophia has just contacted a local recycling center to ensure that all additional materials that are not used in her building project can be recycled at the center.

waste management

Which of the following indicates areas where heat is lost in a building's envelope?

windows and doors

Which option identifies the best way to reduce the environmental impact in the following scenario? Sheryl has been assessing a factory where cheese is made and packaged. She has determined that the product's packaging is the component that causes the highest environmental impact.

Sheryl should implement steps to optimize the packaging in an eco-friendly manner.

Environmental engineers impact our society by solving problems that help reduce sustainability of our resources and ecosystems.

false

Purple building incorporates the use of recycled and sustainable materials, energy-efficient devices, and water conservation technologies.

false

Which of the following best characterizes the term benign?

favorable

evaluates the effects of a product on the environment and human health based on the product's energy and raw material input and output

impact analysis

displays the opportunities within a product's life cycle where energy and material inputs can be reduced

improvement analysis

resources in their pure form, not altered or separated from other components

raw materials

Which option identifies examples of perpetual resources that James can use in his home? James would like to design a home that is run only with perpetual resources. He is currently researching different ideas and items he could use.

solar energy, water power, wind energy

Jax, Inc. has not implemented a recycling program, but it has a paperless environment and is educating employees on how to reduce their carbon footprint.

sustainability

One critical point in the building process is the building envelope, or the physical components that separate the interior and exterior of a structure.

true

The international concern for environmental awareness has created a need for scientists and engineers to help citizens and companies make valid decisions concerning products and practices in the real world.

true

Typically, an ecosystem is a sustainable system in which humans must consider the ecological, social, and economic impact of their interactions.

true

Water and air quality are critical issues facing human society.

true

Which of the following describes what should happen before a home is designed?

An analysis of high performance and cost-effectiveness among the home's systems should be completed.

Which of the following best describes what engineers should keep in mind when they develop their products?

the effects of their ideas on water and air quality in local areas

Which option identifies the phase of the product life cycle suggested by the following scenario? A young girl has had the same doll since she was two years old. She has cut off all of its hair, broken its arms and legs, and has now ripped its torso so that stuffing is falling out. The girl is no longer interested in the doll.

the final phase, disposal

Which statement distinguishes the purpose of the modification in the following scenario? Chen is an engineer working with a client to develop a children's coloring toy that has disposable tubes that hold ink. The client's original design called for the tubes to be created with plastic. Chen would like to recreate the design so that the tubes are instead made of a more biodegradable material.

to decrease the product's environmental impact

Environmental engineers protect people from decisions that could be harmful to nature, the current quality of life, and future generations.

true

Every product people use throughout the day begins its life as raw, natural materials.

true

Which option justifies Henry's decision in the following scenario? Henry has just received his tax return. He is planning to reinvest this money in something that can save him more money in the long run. He has decided to purchase a new heating system since his current one is nearly 30 years old and often needs repairs.

He can get an energy-efficient mortgage while paying lower bills.

Which option identifies how Alfred will find the materials for his product in the following scenario? Alfred is the engineer who has been placed in charge of finding the packaging materials for a new cell phone case his team has designed. He would like the materials to be cost-effective as well as sturdy and biodegradable.

He will contact a supplier to assist with finding suitable materials.

Select all that apply. Which of the following comprise an LCA? Impact analysis Goal definition and scoping Life cycle inventory Improvement analysis Government regulations Raw materials

Impact analysis Goal definition and scoping Life cycle inventory Improvement analysis

enacted an educational program to inform people about methods used to conserve and preserve natural resources

Marriott Hotels

Which of the following distinguishes why recycling copper, aluminum, and gold is important?

These metals are nonrenewable resources, and the amount of them is finite.

decreases the number of commuting employees and therefore carbon dioxide emissions

Hertz's work- at-home program

Which option identifies why the company in the following scenario is not able to enhance its systems at the moment? Friers, Inc. has smokestacks that are emitting questionable chemicals into the air. The company is currently meeting the federal regulations for air quality. It would like to upgrade its systems, despite having no staff members who specialize in environmental studies.

It does not have a research team knowledgeable enough to enhance the systems.

What does LEED stand for?

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design

Which option distinguishes the most important aspects of the materials needed in the following scenario? Kristin is researching different materials for a new shopping mall. She is working on a green project and wants to be sure that she makes the most environmentally conscious choices while staying aligned with her goals.

sustainability and conservation

Based on the scenario, which type of engineering identifies Greg's role in Ethiopia? Greg is currently working in Ethiopia to assist a village in creating a healthier living environment, which includes conserving resources and designing a clean water system in order to make a positive environmental impact.

sustainable design engineering

Which of the following explains why it is important for engineers to recognize and respect cultures and perspectives that are different from their own?

A local area may serve a different purpose that is important to the inhabitants, so larger knowledge is essential.

Which option supports the need for Jaleel's reverse engineering review in the following scenario? Jaleel is conducting reverse engineering on an oil refinery. Next week there will be a federal compliance inspection to go over environmental safety. Jaleel is going through the entire complex, inspecting every area and ensuring that no parts are worn or leaking.

Air pollution can stem from equipment leaks and process emissions.

Which option predicts the most likely response of the local businesses to the demand for green products and processes in the following scenario? Serena is running for a position as a local councilman. She is strongly in favor of having local businesses begin to increase green processes, such as recycling, updating heating and air-conditioning systems, and using gray water for landscaping irrigation. While campaigning, she offers to support small financial incentives for these plans, though she cannot guarantee major long-term savings.

Businesses will want to know if the benefits will be worth the costs.

Describe the effects of contaminated drinking water on an environment, and summarize what can be done to reduce the risk of pollution.

The correct answer will explain that contaminants can cause tremendous harm to a population; not only humans but entire local animal species can be devastated by poisonous drinking water. Crops and livestock can also be affected. Citizens can make prudent choices regarding natural resources and energy use. Scientists can research and create products that can reduce or eliminate unnecessary waste and pollution.

Explain the difference between renewable and nonrenewable resources and why research is attempting to increase the use of renewable energy.

The difference between renewable and non-renewable resources is that renewable resources can be renewed, but non-renewable resources cannot be replenished once they run out. Research is trying to increase renewable energy sources like wind, water, and solar energy because these sources do not emit air pollution and helps decrease the amount of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere.

Which option identifies steps an environmental engineer can take to set up the program in the following scenario? Capital City Credit Card Company would like to implement a recycling program but wants to be sure that the costs are not too extreme. It has hired an environmental engineer to assist in achieving this goal.

The engineer must educate the employees about the benefits of recycling and then set up a recycling program where the company is paid for what it recycles.

Which option identifies the factory's responsibility to the environment in the following scenario? A factory that was built in the 1850s is producing toxic smoke, and local children have asthma rates twice the national average.

The factory must become sustainable in order to decrease the toxic smoke.

Which option best characterizes the goal of a hospital in establishing an internal recycling program?

The hospital is trying to go green.

Which option identifies the most likely outcome in the following scenario? Markel Furniture farms a rare type of teakwood out of South America. The company has been cutting down about 20 percent of this resource per year.

The trees will eventually disappear before new ones can grow.

Which of the following describes why green building is more cost-efficient in schools and libraries than in private homes?

There are high up-front costs, and since homeowners do not often intend to stay in their homes for decades, they do not want to put extra money into them initially.

Which of the following correctly characterizes fossil fuels?

They are created by once-living organisms.

Which of the following explains why wind turbines can be seen as having no sustainable advantage to the environment?

They can cause damage to wildlife, offsetting other advantages they produce.

Which of the following best describes one way engineers can enhance a product's sustainability?

They can research methods to use renewable resources instead of depleting current sources.

Jax, Inc. has begun work on its factory. The company wants to be sure that it follows all of the rules and regulations during construction.

compliance

The sequence of the product explains its expectations as well as any assumptions based upon the goal definition.

false

Which occupational group would an environmental engineer likely work with, but other types of engineer probably would not?

farmers

Which type of power system uses internal heat from beneath the earth's surface?

geothermal

Jax, Inc. has just relocated its shoe company to Colorado. The company fosters a healthy lifestyle and wants to be sure that its factory continues to maintain the environment and natural populations around it.

green

Which of the following is defined as the property of a life cycle that may hide a dangerous or wasteful process within a product that otherwise appears to be efficient?

inherency

the property of a life cycle that may hide hazardous or energy-consuming processes to create a net total product that appears to be benign or efficient

inherency

helps determine the environmental impact at all stages of a product's existence, including production, usage, and disposal

life cycle assessment

lists all of the energy and raw material inputs and outputs associated with every stage of production

life cycle inventory

Which of the following best describes what has the potential to be resupplied through either natural or human processes?

renewable resources

materials that can regenerate over time

renewable resources

Which option distinguishes why Jessica would want to become an environmental engineer in the following scenario? Jessica's father died of cancer in a population where cancer occurs significantly more often than in other areas of the country. She believes the pollution is caused by polluted water in a nearby river, contaminated by the irresponsible dumping practices of a local factory. She wants to choose a career field that will use her problem-solving skills to help reduce pollution.

to inspect industrial facilities for regulatory compliance and to advise companies on appropriate procedures

Federal government agencies offer financial assistance to businesses and consumers who make the choice to go green.

true

Issues where international governments seek to elevate environmental awareness are often referred to as green issues.

true

As an engineer attempts to make a new housing complex green, he recycles all the gray water for irrigation and installs low-flush toilets and low-flow showerheads.

water managment