ENGL 057 Comprehensive Review

c. (He defeated his greed.)

In "Trap of Gold," why did Wetherton decide to quit extracting gold? a. His wife asked him to stop. b. He had reached his goal. c. He defeated his greed. d. The tower was falling.

truncated

Because of our unusually long summer, we experienced a ________ fall season. - conjecture - schism - truncated - inveighed

(the rule of) law

Looking back at "The Moral Challenges for the Next Century," what do freedom and liberty need to exist? - great leaders - a new country - a strong economy - the rule of law

enduring values

Looking back at "The Moral Challenges for the Next Century," when electing leaders, what is important to look at in a future leader? - expediency - enduring values - "followership" - pragmatism

reforms

Looking back at "The Moral Challenges for the Next Century," why should democratic countries maintain trade and communication with communist or dictatorship countries? - Encouraging free enterprise within communist countries will help lead to ________ and eventual full democracy.

matures

Looking back at Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl, how does Anne change during her years in the Secret Annex? - She _________, becoming more patient, and she discovers herself.

Nazi Germany

Looking back at Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl, who or what is the antagonist in these entries? - Anne's journal - Anne's mother - Jewish religion - Nazi Germany

(human) dignity

Looking back at Blood Brothers, while on the Mount of Beatitudes, what specifically does Elias realize he can do to help reconcile the Palestinian people? - Restore their _________.

despotism

Looking back to "Their Finest Hour," what will be the consequence if Britain capitulates to Germany? - The entire world will be subjected to the darkness of German ___________.

true (for example, using fragments has become more widely accepted in modern literature)

T/F - Sometimes an author will break the rules of writing to create specific effects.

true

T/F - Thatcher emphasizes the need to maintain a strong military and defense program.

true (be careful that your modifiers don't dangle)

T/F - The meaning conveyed by a sentence changes depending on where you place your modifiers.

false (there is no law on how short or long a paragraph must be)

T/F - There is a set rule for how long your paragraphs should be.

false

T/F - Trimble recognizes that most successful authors rarely need to worry about how the audience views a literary text; they can rely on their previous success.

true

T/F - Trimble recognizes that rewriting is the key to good writing.

true ( active voice creates a livelier, more forceful quality to your writing style)

T/F - Use the passive voice as little as possible.

false

T/F - While Susan B. Anthony argues that women hold the right to vote, she ignores the plight of Blacks, who also are not allowed to vote.

false

T/F - Words can be used interchangeably as long as they have the same denotation; it doesn't matter if words have different connotations.

false (you must always open and close a parenthetical expression with the same type of punctuation)

T/F - You can open and close a parenthetical expression with different types of punctuation.

true (it gives the reader a visual break)

T/F - You should sometimes divide a gigantic paragraph into two or more paragraphs.

clandestine

n. secret or hidden/ furtive

latter

adj. being the second mentioned of two, distinguished from the former

intrepid

adj. bold/ fearless/ brave

feasible

adj. capable of being done/ possible/ likely

caustic

adj. capable of burning or corroding by a chemical action/ sarcastic or biting

pernicious

adj. causing great injury or destruction/ fatal

culpable

adj. deserving blame for being wrong, evil, improper, or injurious

didactic

adj. designed or intended to teach

arbitrary

adj. determined by chance or whim rather than necessity or reason

sordid

adj. dirty or filthy/ morally degraded

reticent

adj. disinclined to speak/ restrained or reserved in style

nominal

adj. existing in name only/ a relatively small value/ of, or like a name

pretentious

adj. expressive of affected, unwarranted, or exaggerated importance, worth, or stature

nefarious

adj. extremely wicked/ infamous due to wickedness

visceral

adj. felt in or as if in the internal organs of the body

cognizant

adj. fully informed or aware/ conscious

loquacious

adj. given to fluent or excessive talk

fortuitous

adj. happening by chance/ lucky

sporadic

adj. happening or appearing in isolated places/ having no pattern or order in time

covert

adj. hidden or disguised/ secret

flamboyant

adj. highly elaborate or ornate/ showy

formally

adj. in a formal manner/ officially

exuberant

adj. joyously unrestrained and enthusiastic/ produced in extreme

incipient

adj. just beginning to exist or appear

anemic

adj. lacking force, vitality, spirit, or interest

incongruous

adj. lacking harmony or agreement/ incompatible/ inconsistent/ unsuitable/ inappropriate

coarse

adj. lacking in fineness or delicacy of texture, structure, and so forth

precocious

adj. maturing early especially in mental ability

ominous

adj. menacing/ threatening

inadvertent

adj. not attentive or observant/ due to oversight

overt

adj. not hidden or secret/ often related to military procedures

incoherent

adj. not logically connected/ disjointed/ unable to think or express one's thoughts clearly

surreptitious

adj. obtained, done, or made in a stealthy or clandestine way

later

adj. or adv. occurring, coming, or being after the usual or proper time

indigenous

adj. originating and growing or living naturally in an area or region/ native

indigent

adj. poor, needy, impoverished

laudable

adj. praiseworthy/ commendable

propitious

adj. presenting favorable circumstances/ auspicious

eminent

adj. prominent, renowned, distinguished, outstanding

fatidic

adj. relating to prophecy

inclement

adj. rough or stormy/ unmerciful

ubiquitous

adj. seeming to be everywhere at the same time/ omnipresent

dubious

adj. skeptical/ questionable

gregarious

adj. sociable/ seeking and enjoying the company of others

stationary

adj. standing still/ not moving

voluble

adj. talkative/ fluent in speech

tenacious

adj. tending to adhere to or cling to/ persist in maintaining, adhering to, or seeking something valued or desired

inert

adj. unable to move, act, or resist/ inactive, dull, sluggish

acrimonious

adj. using bitter or sharp speech

laconic

adj. using few words/ brief or concise

turbulent

adj. wild or disorderly/ violently agitated

incognito

adj. with one's identity concealed

impeccable

adj. without fault or error/ flawless

formerly

adv. in time past/ in an earlier period or age/ previously

rhetoric

n. the art of using language effectively and persuasively

stationery

n. writing materials, as pens, pencils, paper, envelopes, etc.

onomatopoeia

naming an action by imitating the sound that is associated with it ex. The drip drop patter of the rain on the window interrupted my thoughts.

simile

"Ready and waiting like a new Buick with the keys in the ignition" (49) is an example of ________.

simile

"Sally, who taught you to paint your eyes like Cleopatra?" (81) is an example of ___________.

simile

"She is always sad like a house on fire—always something wrong" (84) is an example of ________.

roughness

Choose a synonym for the following vocabulary word: Asperity - roughness - temerity - prosperity - smoothness

resilience

Sarah showed her __________ by supporting the winning candidate with his platform.

true

T/F - Churchill believes the Battle of Britain will determine the survival of Christian civilization.

true

T/F - Churchill is cautiously optimistic that Britain will win the war against Germany.

false

T/F - Churchill laments the fact that the British Navy is unprepared and ill-equipped for warfare.

resume

A professional, clean, clear _______ increases your chances of getting an interview with the employer, and therefore is vital to getting most jobs.

d. (murmured; tiptoed)

A timid person ________, and ________ out of the room. a. sighed; pranced b. slurred; whirled c. moaned; strode d. murmured; tiptoed

clique

Choose a synonym for the following vocabulary word: Coterie - college coed - secret organization - clique - classmate

sociable

Choose a synonym for the following vocabulary word: Gregarious - gorgeous - sociable - financial - intellectual

perfect

Choose a synonym for the following vocabulary word: Impeccable - foolproof - perfect - paragon - foolhardy

native

Choose a synonym for the following vocabulary word: Indigenous - indifferent - native - naive - indulgent

example

Choose a synonym for the following vocabulary word: Paragon - example - falcon - progeny - paramount

offspring

Choose a synonym for the following vocabulary word: Progeny - progress - profitable - offspring - wealthy

auspicious

Choose a synonym for the following vocabulary word: Propitious - automatic - awesome - auspicious - audacious

renounce

Choose a synonym for the following vocabulary word: Recant - recall - renounce - recount - review

reckless

Choose a synonym for the following vocabulary word: Temerity - faultless - reckless - fortunate - roughness

courage

Choose a synonym for the following vocabulary word: Valor - courage - respect - honor - value

her

Choose the correct antecedent agreement- Each of the girls must buy (her/ their) own sledge hammer.

their

Choose the correct antecedent agreement- Many of the students bring (his or her/ their) lunch to school.

his

Choose the correct antecedent agreement- Not everybody has (their/ his) own pocket harmonica.

repetition

Lincoln's words, "Government of the people, by the people, and for the people, shall not perish from the earth" is an example of which rhetorical device?

vignette

My teacher assigned us to write a descriptive __________ about each member of our families.

beseech

No amount of __________ would sway her to dress like a typical business person and not stand out so flamboyantly. - beseech - disheveled - indignant - vengeance

acute

No one particularly cared for Martin's personal jibes, cutting remarks, and __________ sense of humor. - beseech - heathen - assimilate - acute

nihilism

Oppression in Europe and the emergence of ____________ motivated Camus to write.

precipitated

Our early snowfall this year ________ a rush on the unprepared ski and snowboard equipment stores. - truncated - relegated - precipitated - incoherent

motif

Our teacher asked us to identify at least one symbolic __________ that the author used throughout the novel.

direct

Passive sentences are much less _______ than active sentences.

shock

What was Albert Camus's initial reaction upon learning he had received the Nobel Prize for literature? - Pride - Peace - Hope - Shock

(A loaf of) bread

What was Jean Valjean imprisoned for stealing? - A loaf of bread - A fatted pig - Chicken eggs - A bottle of wine

indictment (for voter fraud)

What was the occasion for Anthony to give her "Speech on Women's Rights"? - indictment for voter fraud - Fourth of July celebration - presidential inauguration - anniversary of the Civil War

dangling

When a modifier is said to be _________, it is simply misplaced - misleading or confusing, usually regarding what is being modified

complete

When answering questions using ____________ sentences, use part of the question in your answer.

never

When answering questions using complete sentences, _______ start an answer with "because," "so," "that," or any conjunctions/ prepositions.

answer

When answering questions using complete sentences, you should be able to tell what the question is by looking at your __________.

tense

When creating parallel structure correctly, be sure that all of your verbs are in the same _______.

Post-WWII

When does this book begin? - Great Depression Era - Post-WWI - WWII - Post-WWII

context clues

When reading, pay attention to the words, sentences, or paragraphs surrounding an unknown word. These can give you ideas of it's meaning.

person

When the antecedent of a pronoun is another pronoun, both still have to agree in terms of ________. ex. Poor - " When one reads, you can learn a lot." vs Better- "When one reads, one can learn a lot." or "When you read, you can learn a lot."

the king (of Great Britain)

When the colonists list their grievances, who is the "he" they are accusing?

furtive

When the new girl sat two seats over from Hector, he managed to steal several __________ glances at her without her noticing. - assimilate - raucous - eccentric - furtive

caustic

When the truth came out that Allison had lied about her illness, the media printed a sarcastic and ________ editorial against her, causing her to leave the acting world permanently.

aroma

When trying to describe to your friend how wonderful your grandmother's freshly baked cookies are, the word with the most appropriate connotation would be: - smell - odor - aroma - putrescence

specific (and concrete)

When using more __________ nouns and verbs, the necessity for extra fatty adjectives and adverbs dissipates.

after

When using punctuation around parentheses, you need to be a little more careful than you do with commas and dashes. If a comma, semicolon, or colon is needed, place it ______ the parentheses. ex. Despite his score on the lab report (95%), Jerry failed the chemistry test.

inside

When using punctuation around parentheses, you need to be a little more careful than you do with commas and dashes. Place a question mark or an exclamation mark __________ the parentheses if it is part of the parenthetical expression. ex. Darrell was laughed off the stage (who wouldn't have cracked up?) when he lost his clown pants and revealed his pink rubber duckie boxers.

outside

When using punctuation around parentheses, you need to be a little more careful than you do with commas and dashes. Place the question mark or exclamation mark _________ the parentheses if it is part of the entire sentence. ex. In the pizza eating challenge, I broke the record for high school students (ten slices in sixty seconds)!

passive

When writing, if the doer is unknown or prefers to remain anonymous, then use the ________ voice. ex. "The car was dented by someone."

same

When you are writing and you have similar ideas and phrases that go together, they should be expressed in the _______ way. ex. I go to school to acquire knowledge, to gain wisdom, and to have fun.

speaker

When you are writing dialogue, you must have a new paragraph every time the __________ changes.

three

When you list _________ or more items in a series, you must use commas to separate them. ex. My secretary reminded me to call my mother, to pick up the dry cleaning, and to make a dinner reservation.

An orchard (in the Galilee region)

Where does Elias live? - A village near the city of Jerusalem - A kibbitz in southern Israel - An orchard in the Galilee region - A farm along the Mediterranean Coast

pontificate

I'm tired of hearing politicians __________ just to have their voices heard, especially when they have nothing new to say. - pontificate - taut - adulation - ruminate

cheap

In Blood Brothers, why were Elias' father and brothers allowed to stay in Gish after they had been driven out? - The Zionists needed a "_______" labor force.

discontented (despite her riches)

In Child of the Dark, what irony does the July 30th entry reveal? - Princess Margaret is ____________.

persistent

In Child of the Dark, which quality best describes Carolina Maria de Jesus? - persistent - apathetic - attractive - complacent

confident

In Henry V, what is the tone of the king's speech? - sarcastic - grateful - confident - humble

metaphor

"But my mother's hair . . . is the warm smell of bread before you bake it . . . " (6) is an example of ____________.

personification

"But the house on Mango Street is not the way they told it at all. It's small and red with tight steps in front and windows so small you'd think they were holding their breath" (4) is an example of _____________.

simile

". . .the family that spoke like guitars . . ." (94) is an example of ________.

idiom

"After she broke up with Simon, Alicia realized that boys like him are a dime a dozen." is an example of _______.

repetition (for effect)

"Cathy who is queen of cats has cats and cats and cats. Baby cats, big cats, skinny cats, sick cats. Cats on top of the refrigerator. . . . Cats taking a walk on the dinner table" (13) is an example of _____________.

simile

"I'm saying your mama's ugly like . . . ummm . . . like bare feet in September!"(37) is an example of ___________.

diary (and confidant)

"Kitty" is Anne Frank's ___________.

alliteration

"Marin, under the streetlight, dancing by herself, is singing the same song somewhere" (27) is an example of _____________.

metaphor

"Mosquitoes are frail vampires." is an example of a ____________.

metaphor

"My aunt, a little oyster, a little piece of meat on an open shell for us to look at" (60) is an example of ____________.

hyperbole

"My sister wears so much makeup I haven't seen her face in years." is an example of _____________.

simile

"Only a house quiet as snow, a space for myself to go, clean as paper before the poem." - personification - metaphor - simile

personification

"Out front there are twenty-one steps, all lopsided and jutting like crooked teeth . . ." (21-22) is an example of ______________.

onomatopoeia

"The grapefruit splattered when I mashed it with a mallet." is an example of _____________.

simile

"The kids bend trees and bounce between cars and dangle upside down from knees and almost break like fancy museum vases you can't replace" (29) is an example of ________.

personification

"The little wooden door that has wedged shut the dark for so long opens with a sigh and lets out a breath of mold and dampness." - personification - metaphor - simile

personification

"The mother's feet, plump and polite . . ." (40) is an example of _____________.

metaphor

"Until then I am a red balloon, a balloon tied to an anchor." - personification - metaphor - simile

rewrite

"Veteran" writers are other-oriented, have empathy, and __________ their work until it is perfect.

exuberant

Sarah's __________ demeanor changed when the results of the student council election were posted, and she found herself on the losing end.

c. (drawled; sauntered)

A cowgirl ________, and ________ out of the room. a. blurted; lurched b. boasted; hobbled c. drawled; sauntered d. shrieked; marched

flat

A ______ character is not developed for the reader to get to know. The reader only sees one side of their personality.

private

A ________ protagonist is someone who does not have superpowers/ doesn't "save the world", but goes about his or her daily responsibilities, lifting others up through their good deeds.

round (three-dimensional characters)

A _________ character is more fully developed. We see their personalities, moods, motives, and tendencies from different angles.

language

According to "The Miracle of Language", what divides humans from animals?

(to instill hope by) supporting the government

According to Albert Camus' Nobel Prize Acceptance Speech, which of the following is NOT one of the responsibilities of the writer? - to unite the greatest number of people - to understand rather than judge - to refuse to lie and to resist oppression - to instill hope by supporting the government

destroying

According to Albert Camus, what is the challenge of his generation (the generation born at the beginning of the First World War)? - To keep the world from ____________ itself.

children

According to Armstrong, which group of people has the highest cure rate from cancer? - the wealthy - the elderly - children - the educated

agreement

According to In the Middle: New Understandings about Writing, Reading, and Learning by Nancie Atwell, in writing, specifically regarding the six traits, what is a convention? - an __________ made over time between writers and readers about how something will be done in texts

free enterprise (economic democracy)

According to Lady Margaret Thatcher, "_______ _________ gives real power to the people."

prose

According to Scott Russel Sanders, "Good ________ is a kind of speech, more deliberate and shapely than the words we utter aloud, yet still akin to the living voice."

speeding ticket

According to Sigmund Wollman's definition, which of the following would be an inconvenience? - divorce - speeding ticket - a cure for cancer - cancer diagnosis

free enterprise

According to Thatcher in "The Moral Challenges for the Next Century," what is economic democracy? - free enterprise - free trade - democratic government - natural resources

government

According to Thatcher in "The Moral Challenges for the Next Century," why do some countries with abundant natural resources fail to succeed? - The ___________ planned the people into poverty.

The US

According to Thatcher, what is the only country founded on liberty? - The US - Great Britain - France - Canada

the paragraph

According to The Elements of Style, what is the basic unit of composition?

triumph

According to Thomas Paine, "The harder the conflict, the more glorious the __________."

(Winston) Churchill

According to ______________, "if we open a quarrel between the past and the present, we shall find that we have lost the future."

rights

According to the Declaration of Independence, when is it appropriate to demand a change of government? - When the government repeatedly usurps the citizens' _________.

all of the above

According to the article The New Philanthropy, how have multimillionaires changed the way they give to charities? - They require accountability - They research before giving - They demand results - All of the above

technology boom

According to the article, The New Philanthropy, what element has created the wealth that has stimulated such a high level of giving? - Millennium economics - Technology boom - Industrial revolution - Great Depression

regretful (that they were not there)

According to the king in Henry V, how will men in England who were not there to fight view themselves when they remember the battle fought on St. Crispian's day?

all of the above

According to the poem "Harlem" by Langston Hughes, what happens to a dream deferred? It... - explodes - stinks - dries up - all of the above

active

Active/ Passive - Bob ate the tomato for lunch.

passive

Active/ Passive - The ball was thrown to home plate for the final out in the baseball game.

passive

Active/ Passive - The book was read by my wife in two hours.

fabricate

After Allison realized that she would not get paid more because the contract was valid, she decided to ________ a story that she had fallen terminally ill and could no longer act.

relegated

After Edward's error cost the company thousands of dollars, he was ________ to a minor position in the mail room. - truncated - relegated - overt - precipitated

vigorous

After some extremely __________ exercise, Terrence's stress seemed to vanish. - exasperate - disheveled - vigorous - furtive

trundled

After the double overtime game, Ferris __________ his gear through the door and collapsed.

rhetoric

After the recent election, the citizens quickly tired of the political ________ carried on between the candidates.

Jerusalem

All of the following are places Elias lived excet... - Nazareth - Paris - Jerusalem - Biram

repudiate

Allison tried to ________ the validity of the contract because she felt she was not being paid enough for each episode.

true

T/F - David Hazard, who helped Elias Chacour write his autobiography, admits he had specific prejudices against the Palestinians before meeting Chacour.

dedication (of the Gettysburg cemetery)

At what occasion is Lincoln speaking in his Gettysburg Address? - dedication of the Gettysburg cemetery - George Washington's funeral - declaration of the Emancipation Proclamation - his second inaugural address

false

T/F - Lederer asserts that because the English language is so mixed-up, we need to adopt another language that is easier to learn.

b. (snapped; stamped)

An angry person ________, and ________ out of the room. a. groaned; skipped b. snapped; stamped c. slurred; plodded d. minced; staggered

emphasis

An idea that should stand alone for _________ needs a sentence of its own. ex. Core meltdown seemed inevitable.

bore (and confuse)

An unbroken string of long or short sentences can ____ readers, as can a series with identical openings.

flamboyant

Angela's ________ and showy dress immediately made her the center of attention at the party. - surreptitious - sporadic - fortuitous - flamboyant

conjecture

Any attempt to figure out who the perpetrator of the crime was would be mere ________ without first gathering more clues and information. - flamboyant - conjecture - precipitate - relegate

courage

Armstrong defines __________ as the quality of spirit that enables one to encounter danger with firmness and without fear.

incognito

Arthur sneaked into the club __________ so his older sister wouldn't recognize him.

visceral

As the group stared into the entryway of the abandoned cabin, Kate's __________ instincts told her not to go in.

rise to challenges

Based on Whitman's description of these heroes, what does the poem, "Song of Myself", suggest about his concept of heroism? - Heroes are people who _______ ____ ___________.

insinuate

By your subtle comments, I hope you do not __________ that I would not be qualified for the job. - beseech - insinuate - vindicate - exasperate

taut

Captain Featherstone ran a/an __________ ship; everyone leapt to their duties so everything ran smoothly on the voyage. - parsimonious - insatiable - taut - capacious

bitter

Choose a synonym for Acrimonious. - Bitter - Acidic - Skeptical - Fantastic

by chance

Choose a synonym for Arbitrary. - Careful - By chance - Trivial - Purposeful

dismay

Choose a synonym for Chagrin. - Humility - Failure - Dismay - Success

secret

Choose a synonym for Clandestine. - Consolation - Filth - Praiseworthy - Secret

doubtful

Choose a synonym for Dubious. - Doubtful - Thoughtful - Careful - Thankful

constraint by threat

Choose a synonym for Duress. - Consolation - Degradation - Constraint by threat - Desolation

possible

Choose a synonym for Feasible. - Logical - Fatal - Possible - Practical

unrelenting

Choose a synonym for Inexorable. - Unforgiving - Unbeatable - Unrelenting - Understanding

threatening

Choose a synonym for Ominous. - Damaging - Obvious - Threatening - Jealous

destructive

Choose a synonym for Pernicious. - Destructive - Creative - Constructive - Productive

filthy

Choose a synonym for Sordid. - Entreaty - Filthy - Spoiled - Lazy

talkative

Choose a synonym for Voluble. - Talkative - Praiseworthy - Impulsive - Soluble

opposition

Choose a synonym for the following vocabulary word: Antithesis - similarity - antagonism - opposition - antidote

true

T/F - Lederer asserts that verbs create specific pictures in our minds.

agreement

Convention comes from the Latin word for __________.

incorrect

Correct or Incorrect - I went to the store and when I got there I talk to all my friends.

correct

Correct or Incorrect - The boss, in addition to the employees, is unhappy with his pay.

correct

Correct/ Incorrect - Almost the entire class failed the science test because the questions and answers were so ambiguous.

correct

Correct/ Incorrect - As I waited at the airport for a taxi, a bus splashed mud on me.

correct

Correct/ Incorrect - Barrowston—named after my great-great grandfather—started as a mining camp.

incorrect

Correct/ Incorrect - Because Alex took such copious notes in class, he usually failed the test because he had little to study with.

correct

Correct/ Incorrect - Despite years of investigating cases of abuse, the social worker never became calloused to the plight of the victims.

correct

Correct/ Incorrect - I am intrigued by the many facets of Monica's personality which come to light as she interacts in numerous and varied social situations.

correct

Correct/ Incorrect - I am so impressed by Seth's constant concern for others. His altruism is inspiring.

correct

Correct/ Incorrect - Many fans were disgusted by the actresses' flagrant display of opulence and wealth.

incorrect

Correct/ Incorrect - My best friend, Sarah, is extremely meticulous; she leaves a path of destruction behind her wherever she goes.

incorrect ("Rochelle and David formed a team to overcome their challenges.")

Correct/ Incorrect - Rochelle and David formed a team to overcome its challenges.

incorrect ("The distance runner with the blue t-shirt sprained her ankle." is correct)

Correct/ Incorrect - The distance runner sprained her ankle with the blue t-shirt.

correct

Correct/ Incorrect - The evening of celebration culminated in a fantastic fireworks display.

incorrect

Correct/ Incorrect - The itinerant farmer had lived on his range for nearly 35 years.

incorrect (dangling modifier)

Correct/ Incorrect - Waiting at the airport for a taxi, a bus splashed mud on me.

correct

Correct/ Incorrect - When Greg appealed his case to the Supreme Court, he was exonerated on all charges.

incorrect ("Authors must capture their readers' attention." or "An author must capture his or her readers' attention.")

Correct/ Incorrect - An author must capture their readers' attention.

incorrect

Correct/ Incorrect - It would be extremely detrimental to earn your college degree; you will be able to get a higher paying job.

incorrect

Correct/ Incorrect - Martin's apathy and laziness makes him one of our most fervid supporters.

false

T/F - Once an outline is established, a writer cannot deviate from it.

Ruth

Dreams are an important part of the play "A Raisin in the Sun". ______ dreams of a better marriage.

Mama

Dreams are an important part of the play "A Raisin in the Sun". _______ dreams of a garden of her own.

Asagi

Dreams are an important part of the play "A Raisin in the Sun". ________ dreams of improving life in his village.

Walter Lee

Dreams are an important part of the play "A Raisin in the Sun". _________ _____ dreams of a liquor store.

Beneatha

Dreams are an important part of the play "A Raisin in the Sun". _________ dreams of becoming a doctor.

one (inside of that paragraph, you should typically have a topic sentence with supporting details for one topic)

Each paragraph should cover _______ topic(s).

setting

Each player on the stage of life has a unique background, and his/her _________ presents a unique set of challenges.

impetuous

Elmer needs to control his __________ temperament, especially if he wants to impress the peace-loving Emily. - feign - pragmatic - impetuous - motley

adulation

Emily's __________ is not easy to win as dozens of would-be boyfriends have failed in their attempts to impress her. - adulation - pontificate - languor - prevaricate

fluent

Enhanced clarity and conciseness are two advantages of _________ sentences.

false

T/F - Revising and copy editing are almost the same thing.

plethora

Every Thanksgiving we have a ________ of food; we never come close to eating it all.

eminent

Every citizen of the small town excitedly gathered to hear the speech by the distinguished and ________ visiting professor.

heavy

Excess words and phrases that are not essential to the meaning of the work become ______ to the reader.

heathen

Explorers and religious missionaries claimed to "save" all the __________ indigenous peoples of the New World. - acute - unobtrusive - eccentric - heathen

his

Fill in the blank with correct antecedent agreement- Either Lonnie or Robert copied ____ report from the Internet.

their (plural)

Fill in the blank with correct antecedent agreement- Pablo and Dmitri prevent _______ team from complete annihilation.

his (singular, masculine)

Fill in the blank with correct antecedent agreement- Pablo is one of the best athletes in _____ school.

its (singular, neuter)

Fill in the blank with correct antecedent agreement- The door, despite ____ age, held fast against the zombie hordes.

are

Fill in the correct verb - The coaches, as well as the players, _____ excited about the game.

is

Fill in the correct verb - This English course—with its readings, questions, and writing assignments— ____ difficult.

false

T/F - Short sentences should never be used in good writing.

separate

For what purpose was the Declaration of Independence written? - To explain why the colonists need to ___________ themselves from Great Britain.

cough/dough

From "English is a Crazy Language": Based on the characteristics of words Lederer discussed in this chapter, which of the following word pairs would he find illogical? - cough/dough - moss/toss - file/mile - luck/stuck

think (and reason)

From "The Miracle of Language": Why does Lederer's chapter assert that language is so important? - Because language enables us to _________.

treated

From Les Miserables - In the Bishop's bestowal of the candlesticks to Jean Valjean, what do we learn about his belief in human nature? - People will act as they are __________.

inconveniences

From the except of Uh-Oh: Observations from Both Sides of the Refrigerator Door, What is Sigmund Wollman's advice about how to live a longer life? - Learn to distinguish between problems and ______________.

endings

Good ___________ raise a question in the reader's mind, show some new insight, leave the reader with a startling image or a surprise, or suggest a new story to come.

capacious

He crams the __________ trunk of his car with an eclectic assortment of knick-knacks from all his travels. - parsimonious - impetuous - sanctimonious - capacious

shift (this makes the writing awkward)

I walked to the top of the steep hill and prepared for takeoff. I am bursting with excitement. - This is an example of a _______ in verb tense.

disheveled

Her __________ appearance and late arrival to the interview did not impress the CEO. - indignant - disheveled - raucous - vigorous

fatidic

His __________ counsel about needing an umbrella proved accurate when the skies opened and drenched the spectators.

statistics

How are the last two lines significant in "The Unknown Citizen?" - They help the reader see how _________ cannot determine a man's true happiness.

Copy

How can you, as a writer, "jump start" your writing? - ________ a few paragraphs you have already written.

self-respect

How do you think this incident affected the speaker of the poem "Incident?" - It traumatized him and injured his _____-___________.

victory

How does the king in Henry V predict St. Crispian's day will always be remembered? - A day to remember their _________.

vignettes

How is The House on Mango Street structured? - vignettes - flashbacks - chapters - chronological order

trauma

How is the title, "Incident," ironic? - It underscores the ________ the speaker suffered from this event.

reticent

I always find it both interesting and incongruous when famous actors and actresses are ________ and reserved out in public.

remuneration

I discontinued any further business with my biggest client after I received no ________ for my services. - remuneration - conjecture - nominal - precipitate

languor

I tried to fight the __________ brought on by the sunbeam while I was reading my assignment, but I couldn't help falling asleep. - languor - feign - adulation - ruminate

incoherent

I tried to understand what the two-year-old boy was asking for, but his speech was ________ and garbled. - sporadic - overt - incoherent - inveigh

coach

If Henry V was set in the situation of a football team gearing up for its next game, what role could the king best be compared to? - cheerleader - coach - principal - student

persuasive

If you are _____________ in your arguments, then people will likely follow you and give your ideas and goals power.

twice

If you do choose to use dashes, make sure that you distinguish it by pressing the hyphen key _______ when typing.

5 (one for intro, one for conclusion, and one for each topic)

If you wrote a simple essay about dogs, and you included the topics of hunting dogs, house dogs, and working dogs, how many paragraphs would your essay likely have?

round

In "A Raisin in the Sun" Walter Lee is a _______ character. - round - flat

nervous

In "A Raisin in the Sun" by Lorraine Hansberry, how does Mr. Linder in A Raisin in the Sun feel about the Youngers moving into his neighborhood? - apathetic - nervous - excited - angry

(Mr. Younger's) life insurance policy

In "A Raisin in the Sun" by Lorraine Hansberry, the Youngers are all excited about a check for $10,000. Where is the money coming from? - the lottery - Mr. Younger's life insurance policy - Mama's retirement fund - inheritance from a wealthy relative

rising action

In "A Raisin in the Sun" by Lorraine Hansberry, the ________ _________ of the story occurs when Mama decides to buy a house.

rising action

In "A Raisin in the Sun" by Lorraine Hansberry, the ________ _________ of the story occurs when we learn Ruth is pregnant.

climax

In "A Raisin in the Sun" by Lorraine Hansberry, the _________ of the story occurs when Walter Lee loses the money.

climax

In "A Raisin in the Sun" by Lorraine Hansberry, the _________ of the story occurs when we learn Willy stole the money.

exposition

In "A Raisin in the Sun" by Lorraine Hansberry, the ____________ of the story is when we learn that Walter Lee wants to open a liquor store.

exposition

In "A Raisin in the Sun" by Lorraine Hansberry, the ____________ of the story is when we learn the check will arrive the following day.

resolution

In "A Raisin in the Sun" by Lorraine Hansberry, the ____________ of the story occurs when Walter tells Mr. Linder that they will try to be good neighbors.

resolution

In "A Raisin in the Sun" by Lorraine Hansberry, the ____________ of the story occurs when the Youngers move.

(a) doctor

In "A Raisin in the Sun" by Lorraine Hansberry, what does Beneatha want to be?

(a new) house

In "A Raisin in the Sun" by Lorraine Hansberry, what does Mama spend some of the money on?

steals

In "A Raisin in the Sun" by Lorraine Hansberry, what happens to the money Mama gives Walter? - Willy _______ it.

both (George and Asagai)

In "A Raisin in the Sun" by Lorraine Hansberry, who is Beneatha dating? - George - Asagai - both

pregnant

In "A Raisin in the Sun" by Lorraine Hansberry, why is Ruth so sick? - She is ___________.

true (it has a profound impact on his philosophy)

T/F - Sigmund Wollman survived the Nazi concentration camps.

wagon

In "Distillation" by Hugo Martinez-Serros, how do the narrator and his brothers get to the dump each week? - Their father pulls them in a __________.

a rat

In "Distillation" by Hugo Martinez-Serros, what scares the narrator when he steps on it? - a pile of manure - a mangy dog - a rat

the city dump

In "Distillation" by Hugo Martinez-Serros, where do the father and his sons go every Saturday? - the flea market - the city dump - the food market

garbage

In "Distillation" by Hugo Martinez-Serros, why is the narrator baffled by the neighborhood with the more expensive houses? - There is no __________.

the father

In "Distillation," which character is the protagonist? - the father - the narrator - the mother - the garbage man

courageous

In "Gift from a Son who Died" by Doris Lund, what quality best describes Eric? - energetic - courageous - complacent - antagonistic

England

In "Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death," Henry is trying to convince the State of Virginia to prepare to fight against ____________.

metaphor

In "Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death," what is "the lamp of experience" an example of?

8 ("Now I was eight and very small, And he was no whit bigger")

In "Incident" by Countee Cullen, how old is the Baltimorean? - 34 - 18 - 8 - 14

8 ("Now I was eight and very small")

In "Incident" by Countee Cullen, how old is the speaker of the poem? - 18 - 14 - 34 - 8

moral power

In "Man in the Water" by Roger Rosenblatt, what does the writer conclude about man's relationship to nature? - Man has his own _______ ________.

heroic efforts

In "Man in the Water" by Roger Rosenblatt, what is the most significant difference that sets the crash of Air Florida Flight 90 apart from other tragedies? - The _______ ________ of rescuers and the survivor who saved others' lives.

football (or rugby)

In "Shaving" by Leslie Norris, Barry is a ________ player.

grieve

In "Shaving," from what you have glimpsed of Barry's character, how will he react to his father's death? - Barry will _________ his father, but will accept his new responsibilities.

matures

In "Shaving," how does Barry change during the course of the story? - He _________ as he takes on responsibilities that were previously his father's.

admiring

In "Song of Myself" , what is Whitman's tone towards the various heroes he identifies? - sorrowful - apathetic - admiring - contradictory

empathy

In "Song of Myself" by Walt Whitman, how is the repetition of the line "I am the man, I suffer'd, I was there" significant? - It reveals the author's _________ for the heroes.

anecdote

In "Tear Down This Wall," what additional rhetorical device is President Reagan using when he repeats that "this wall will fall?" - metaphor - anecdote - paradox - hyperbole

freedom

In "Tear Down This Wall," what is President Reagan's rationale for tearing down the Berlin Wall? - It impedes economic progress and _____________.

money

In "The Cereal Box," which of the following is not one of the factors contributing to long-term survival of cancer? - knowledge - hope - courage - money - attitude

cancer

In "The Cereal Box," which of the following is the most significant antagonist Armstrong had to fight against? - cycling - ignorance - cancer

all of the above

In "The Cereal Box," why does Armstrong believe children with cancer have a higher cure rate than adults with cancer? - Adults are cynical and fearful. - Children are naturally brave. - all of the above

situational

In "The Inspector-General" the driver mentions that the one good thing the new inspector-general has done is to get rid of the old one. When the new inspector-general expects to hear praise of his own accomplishments, this is an example of which type of irony? - situational - verbal - dramatic

factory

In "The Unknown Citizen" by W.H. Auden, the citizen worked in a ___________ for a living.

got divorced

In "The Unknown Citizen" by W.H. Auden, which of the following is NOT a fact reported about the man's life? - bought a newspaper every day - belonged to a union - got divorced - served in the war

readiness

In "Their Finest Hour," Why does Churchill review the state of the British Army, Navy, and Air Force? - To update Parliament on Britain's ____________ for a prolonged war.

confidence

In "Their Finest Hour," what is the purpose of Churchill's speech? - To strengthen ___________ in Britain's military might.

collapse (on him)

In "Trap of Gold" by Louis L'Amour, what danger is Wetherton in? - The tower might _________.

his family (wife and child)

In "Trap of Gold" by Louis L'Amour, what initially motivated Wetherton to put himself in such danger? - extreme debt - pride and greed - his family

gold

In "Trap of Gold" by Louis L'Amour, what is Wetherton searching for? - silver - quartz - gold

10,000

In "Trap of Gold" by Louis L'Amour, what was Wetherton's goal? - $__________

all of the above

In A Raisin in the Sun, what antagonists does Walter Lee face? - racism - poverty - all of the above

improve

In Armstrong's view in "The Cereal Box," what is the purpose of suffering from cancer? - It is meant to __________ the individuals it attacks.

slowly

In As You Like It, comparing the whining schoolboy to the "creeping . . . snail" (lines 7-8) implies that the schoolboy is not excited about school and therefore goes _________.

2 (or 3)

In As You Like It, what age category would you as a high school student most likely find yourself?

abilities

In As You Like It, what does "second childishness" mean? (line 27) - That our _________ once again equal a baby's.

wait (patiently)/ action

In Blood Brothers, how do Faraj and Elias differ in their approaches to dealing with the Israeli-Palestinian conflict? - Faraj believes they should ______/ Elias believes they should take peaceful _______.

disturbed

In Blood Brothers, how does Elias react to his studies at the seminary in Paris? - He is ____________ by the Western philosophies influencing the Church.

Jesus

In Blood Brothers, how is Elias able to regain a small sense of inner peace while at the orphanage in Haifa? - He fills his journal with letters to _______.

the Lebanon massacre

In Blood Brothers, what event impels Elias to return to Ibillin? - his visit at the refugee camp - loneliness for Galilee - the Lebanon massacre - his mother's death

c. (The sisters from the convent are able to help the sick and injured.)

In Blood Brothers, what is NOT one of the tough miracles that occurs in Ibillin? a. The members of the congregation learn to forgive each other. b. Elias receives forgiveness for his repressed feelings of anger. c. The sisters from the convent are able to help the sick and injured.

all of the above

In Blood Brothers, what is the significance of chapter twelve's title: "Work, For the Night is Coming"? - emphasizes Bishop Raya's counsel for Elias to help build schools and libraries - represents the work, physically and spiritually, that needs to be done in Israel - all of the above

b. ("Blessed are the peacemakers.")

In Blood Brothers, what message does Elias give to audiences in Europe? a. "Blessed are the meek." b. "Blessed are the peacemakers." c. You must work to build each other's dignity. d. You must work for nuclear disarmament.

peacemaker

In Blood Brothers, what motivates Elias to stay in Ibillin? - He wants to practice being a ______________.

(outspoken) honesty

In Blood Brothers, what quality often gets Elias into trouble? - outspoken honesty - religious devotion - solemn demeanor - irrepressible humor

future (and a good education)

In Blood Brothers, what reason is given for why the Palestinian youth resort to drugs, alcohol, violence, and vandalism? - They are frustrated because they lack a _________.

Germany

In Blood Brothers, which experience enables Elias to sympathize with the Jews? - Crossing the border into ___________ to visit his friends, the Grubers.

Beatitudes

In Blood Brothers, which scripture did Elias's mother love the most? - The ____________.

peaceful

In Blood Brothers, which word best describes Elias's father, Michael Chacour? - defiant - peaceful - ambitious - humorous

Jesus Christ

In Blood Brothers, who is Elias's Champion? - Jesus Christ - The mukhtar - His father - His brother

compassion (and peace)

In Blood Brothers, why does David Hazard feel that he must write the story of Elias Chacour? - He wanted to discover the ____________ that Chacour has.

society

In Les Miserables, what was the main reason Jean Valjean doubted the Bishop's sincerity in giving him the silver candlesticks? - He felt that ________ had wronged him before.

distrustful

In Les Miserables, which qualities best describe Madame Magloire? - thoughtful - distrustful - deceitful - amicable

condemns

In Les Miserables, why does Jean Valjean steal the silver? - He ____________ all society.

equal

In Les Miserables, why does the Bishop refrain from questioning Jean Valjean about his past? - He wants to treat Jean Valjean as an ________.

power

In Lord of the Rings, Why does Gandalf refuse to take the ring? - He fears the ring's _________ over him.

the people (of the world)

In Ronald Reagan's Remarks at the Brandenburg Gate, who is the primary intended audience? - Mr. Khrushchev - the people of Berlin - Mr. Gorbachev - the people of the world

heroes

In Stanza 33 of "Song of Myself", Waltman identifies ship captains, artillerists, martyrs, condemned witches, slaves, firemen as ________.

vanity

In TIME magazine's Articles from The New Philanthropy, what does the article state that fabulous wealth and great fame are triumphs of? - civility - humility - humanity - vanity

hope

In The House on Mango Street, Esperanza represents _______.

trapped

In The House on Mango Street, Mamacita represents being ___________.

freedom

In The House on Mango Street, a house represents _____________.

embarassed

In The House on Mango Street, how does Esperanza feel about Mango Street?

Esperanza

In The House on Mango Street, the four skinny trees represent _____________.

childhood

In The House on Mango Street, the monkey garden represents ___________.

wisdom (of the three fates)

In The House on Mango Street, the three sisters represent __________.

resolution

In The House on Mango Street, the vignette, "A House of My Own" serves as the ___________ of the story.

rising action

In The House on Mango Street, the vignette, "Four Skinny Trees", serves as the _________ ________ of the story.

exposition

In The House on Mango Street, the vignette, "Hairs" serves as the ___________ of the story.

climax

In The House on Mango Street, the vignette, "The Three Sisters" serves as the _________ of the story.

all of the above

In The House on Mango Street, which characters feel trapped in their life on Mango Street? - Alicia - Rafaela - Esperanza - Sally - all of the above

embarassed (to tell the nun where she lives)

In The House on Mango Street, why does Esperanza cry in the lunchroom? - She is _____________.

match

In The House on Mango Street, why doesn't Esperanza want to dance at her cousin's baptism? - Her shoes don't _______ her dress.

paragraph

In an essay, you will usually have a ____________ for your introduction, one for each of the topics that you discuss, and another one for your conclusion.

backyard

In excerpts from Child of Dark, what does Ms. de Jesus compare the favela to? - backyard - dining room - living room - garden

vengeance

In fact, Hector sought __________ for all the times Martin insulted him in front of the new girl. - vengeance - vindicate - heathen - vigorous

transition (lead)

In his Remarks at the Brandenburg Gate, how does Reagan tie his ideas together smoothly in his speech? - He uses part of the preceding point to __________ into the next point.

allusion (to a historical event)

In his Remarks at the Brandenburg Gate, which rhetorical device did President Reagan use when he talked about Japan rising from ruin to become an economic giant? - repetition - irony - allusion - metaphor

all of the above

In what ways did Eric fight the leukemia? - with humor and laughter - watching others' examples - all of the above

praying

In the Blood Brothers, when was the first time Elias remembered discovering inner peace? - While ___________ in the orchard after being reprimanded in school.

Madame Magloire

In the excerpt from Les Miserables, who wants to have locks put on the doors of the bishop's house? - Madame Magloire - The Bishop - Mademoiselle Baptistine

Declaration of Independence

In the first two lines of Lincoln's speech, the "Gettysburg Address", what event is he referring to? - The signing of the ____________ ____ _____________.

singular

Indefinite pronouns like each, everyone, nobody, anything, either, everybody, nothing, someone, neither, everything, anyone, somebody, one, no one, anybody, and something are always _________.

plural

Indefinite pronouns like several, few, both, and many are always _________.

context

Indefinite pronouns like some, all, any, most, and none are singular or plural based on _________.

didactic

It seemed that whenever the boys hit their ball over Ms. Crabtree's fence, a __________ sermon on being careful and respecting your elders came before she allowed them to retrieve it.

5 (to 6)

It takes as few as ____ misspelled words in a text for a reader to say, "There's something wrong with this writing," and stop reading it.

unobtrusive

Jack's appendectomy could be done with minimal invasion—only a few laser incisions; it's more __________ than in years past. - furtive - indignant - eccentric - unobtrusive

eccentric

Jackie's __________ clothing accessories seemed weird and tacky, as if she had purchased them from various specialty shops in hope of following modern fashion. - vengeance - vigorous - eccentric - unobtrusive

but

Joining independent clauses with the coordinating word "____" suggests that both sides of the issue are equally important or "coordinate".

exasperate

Kids who constantly break the rules __________ their parents to no end. - insinuate - beseech - vindicate - exasperate

inadvertently

Maggie ________ left the burner on after she removed the saucepan, which caused the stove to catch on fire.

pragmatic

Mai Thi always takes a/an __________ approach to planning a trip while Laef's road trip schemes are more outrageous. - eclectic - motley - pragmatic - capacious

one

Make sure that the antecedent of a pronoun is clearly stated and that a pronoun cannot possibly refer to more than _____ antecedent.

role models

Many believe that all public figures should be held to higher standards than the average person because they are _______ __________, whether they want to be or not.

inveighed

Many people lost respect for Roger when he ________ and criticized his opponent who had fairly won the election. - sporadic - schism - inveighed - conjecture

naphtha

Maria removed the oil stain by using a bar of __________ soap instead of her regular detergent.

vigilant

Mark was an extremely ________ night watchman at the factory. Because of his alertness, he caught many potential thieves.

indignantly

Meg stormed __________ out of the room after she felt insulted, even though nobody was really laughing at her. - disheveled - indignantly - acutely - eccentrically

formerly

Mr. Aculard, __________ of Transylvania, is looking to invest in older real estate properties. - formally - formerly

loquacious

Mr. Bramall, __________ in nature, would go on for the entire period about random topics so much that the class never finished the required material.

vindicated

Mr. Sommers felt __________ after he was proved innocent before the jury. - exasperated - vindicated - insinuated - assimilated

Christmas

On what day are the people of Biram promised they can return to their homes? - Easter - Hanukkah - Christmas - New Year's

Civil Rights demonstration (march)

On what occasion did King give his "I Have a Dream" speech? - anniversary of Lincoln's death - battle during the Revolutionary War - Civil Rights demonstration march - anniversary of the Civil War

prevaricate

Once he gained an audience, Bailey began to __________ about his latest basketball exploits, exaggerating his scoring even more than before. - prevaricate - ruminate - languor - adulation

paragraphing

One of the benefits of _______________ in narrative writing is that it gives readers a chance to catch their breath.

insatiable

Ralph's appetite for adventure is __________. He always wants to do something bigger, better, or faster. - impetuous - insatiable - taut - pragmatic

honour

Referring to Henry V, what quality or value does the king advocate as he rallies his troops for their upcoming battle? - honour - honesty - respect - tradition

homophones (words that sound the same but have different spellings and meanings)

Right, write, rite, and wright are examples of ___________.

7

Shakespeare says that man has seven different "ages" in life - Which age is characterized by a lack of teeth, eyes, and taste?

1

Shakespeare says that man has seven different "ages" in life - Which age is characterized by a puking infant?

2

Shakespeare says that man has seven different "ages" in life - Which age is characterized by a whining schoolboy?

5

Shakespeare says that man has seven different "ages" in life - Which age is characterized by severe eyes and a formal beard?

3

Shakespeare says that man has seven different "ages" in life - Which age is characterized by sighing lover?

4

Shakespeare says that man has seven different "ages" in life - Which age is characterized by soldier, quick to quarrel?

6

Shakespeare says that man has seven different "ages" in life - Which age is characterized by spectacles on his nose?

assimilate

She would exasperate her coworkers to no end because she refused to __________ and follow one particular trend. - vindicate - assimilate - insinuate - exasperate

parsimonious

Shelby's __________ nature kept her from emptying her pockets for the school-wide fund raiser, even though she was the first to complain about the lack of student body funds. - parsimonious - prevaricate - taut - eclectic

idiom

Shelly has a quirky jazz __________ that separates her from other blues guitarists.

I

Similarly, when you write in the first person, overusing ___ makes you seem self-centered.

d. (blurted; dashed)

Someone in a hurry ________, and ________ out of the room. a. asserted; strutted b. commanded; darted c. mumbled; wandered d. blurted; dashed

ruminate

Sometimes I like to sit calmly and __________ about life, the universe, and everything. - prevaricate - feign - pontificate - ruminate

true

T/F - All pronouns must agree with their antecedents in number (singular or plural), gender (masculine, feminine, or neuter), and person (point of view).

details

Specific ________ allow the reader to experience your thoughts more fully.

false (her father was the only survivor of the concentration camps)

T/F - Anne Frank and her family safely hid in the annex until the liberation of Holland.

false

T/F - As long as your content and ideas are fabulous, then proofreading for the other traits isn't important.

true

T/F - Churchill believes it will be extremely difficult for Germany to defeat Britain on its home territory.

verbs

Strong ________ give writing energy. ex. Don't simply walk down the street if you could trudge, shuffle, galumph, meander, promenade, or saunter.

true

T/F - "A Raisin in the Sun" has been made into a movie at least once.

true

T/F - "Ballad of Birmingham" by Dudley Randall is based on a true event.

true

T/F - "Gift from a Son Who Died" by Doris Herold Lund was written as a tribute to Doris' son's valiant fight against leukemia.

false (it is punctuated correctly)

T/F - "I can't make up my mind whether I should be a zombie, a dental hygienist, a cowboy, or a penguin for Halloween." is punctuated incorrectly.

false (it cannot)

T/F - A comma can hold two complete thoughts together by itself.

true

T/F - According to TIME magazine's Articles from The New Philanthropy, most philanthropists recognize that their charity work and donations ultimately strengthen all of society and will benefit themselves as well.

false

T/F - According to TIME magazine's Articles from The New Philanthropy, multi-millionaires are donating to charities in the same manner as the Rockefellers and Fords donated 100 years ago.

true

T/F - According to Trimble, one of the biggest problems a "novice" writer encounters is a tendency to be self-oriented.

false (the soldiers ignored the order)

T/F - After being granted permission by the Supreme Court, Elias's family was able to return to the town of Biram.

false

T/F - After suffering persecution, brutality, and devastation, several signers regretted that they signed the Declaration of Independence.

false

T/F - Albert Camus believes writers must deliberately set themselves apart from the subjects they are writing about.

false (many of the signers lost more than they gained)

T/F - Each of the signers of the Declaration of Independence was richly paid for both his participation in the Continental Congress and for signing the document.

true (the true culprit was a van, but Elias was never apologized to)

T/F - Elias was accused of cutting a telephone wire for a neighboring kibbutz.

true

T/F - Elias's father forgave the Zionists for welling his orchard illegally.

true

T/F - From "Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death," Henry believes they have done everything possible to avoid war with England.

true

T/F - Good writing is rewriting.

false

T/F - In "A Raisin in the Sun", Beneatha agrees to marry Asagai.

false (she is killed in the bombing at a church)

T/F - In "Ballad of Birmingham" by Dudley Randall, the girl is killed in the bombing at the freedom march.

true (she told her child that church would be safer than the Freedom March)

T/F - In "Ballad of Birmingham" by Dudley Randall, the mother believes that the church is a safe place for her little girl.

false (the mother thought the march was too dangerous for a child)

T/F - In "Ballad of Birmingham" by Dudley Randall, the mother encouraged the little girl to take part in the freedom march.

true ("writers well trained in the first-person singular are likelier to feel a responsibility for the accuracy and impact of their words")

T/F - In "From Anonymous, Evasive Prose to Writing with Passion," Sanders asserts that individuals become more accountable for their writing and the impact of their words when they write in first person.

false (they discouraged this)

T/F - In "From Anonymous, Evasive Prose to Writing with Passion," Sanders commends his teachers for helping him develop an active voice in writing.

true

T/F - In "From Anonymous, Evasive Prose to Writing with Passion," Sanders explains that while there is a place for impersonal writing, all writers need to be trained in using a personal voice.

false

T/F - In "Gift from a Son Who Died" by Doris Herold Lund, Doris Lund harbors bitter feelings of anger and resentment over her son's death.

true

T/F - In "Gift from a Son Who Died" by Doris Herold Lund, Eric died of leukemia after battling it for four and a half years.

false

T/F - In "Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death," Henry says that it would be disastrous to know the whole truth.

false

T/F - In "Man in the Water" by Roger Rosenblatt, the man in the water who repeatedly passes the lifeline to other survivors is able to hold on until he can be rescued.

true

T/F - In "Man in the Water", Roger Rosenblatt explains how this airplane crash had a few differences from other national tragedies.

false

T/F - In "Shaving" by Leslie Norris, Barry shaves his father because he feels guilty for not spending enough time with him.

true

T/F - In "Shaving" by Leslie Norris, Barry's father is suffering from a terminal illness.

true

T/F - In "The American Crisis", Paine believes Americans should have declared their independence from England several months earlier.

false

T/F - In "The American Crisis", Paine believes isolation from Europe would create necessary hardship after gaining independence.

false

T/F - In "The American Crisis", Paine believes only those who have nothing to lose should fight.

true

T/F - In "The American Crisis", Paine claims he is not superstitious but God is on the side of the colonists.

true

T/F - In "The American Crisis", Paine describes the American retreat to the Delaware as disorganized but courageous.

false

T/F - In Blood Brothers, Elias declines from taking an active role in promoting peace between Jews and Palestinians.

true

T/F - In Blood Brothers, Elias is annoyed at bishop Raya's suggestion that he work to build schools and community centers.

false

T/F - In Blood Brothers, Elias is encouraged by the success of planting 400 olive trees in the village of Biram.

true

T/F - In Blood Brothers, Elias is kidnapped and accused of being an Israeli spy.

false

T/F - In Blood Brothers, Elias refuses invitations to speak because he is too busy with his work in Galilee.

true

T/F - In Blood Brothers, Elias was welcomed and treated warmly by the faculty, staff, and students at Hebrew University.

true

T/F - In Blood Brothers, initially, Elias is upset at being sent to the Hebrew University.

true

T/F - In Blood Brothers, when Elias first arrives in Ibillin, he is relieved that he only needs to stay for one month.

false (she is an impoverished mother)

T/F - In excerpts from Child of Dark, Carolina Maria de Jesus is a member of the Brazilian aristocracy.

false (she only had two years of formal education)

T/F - In excerpts from Child of Dark, Ms. de Jesus attributes her success as a writer to her excellent educational background.

true (the works were returned)

T/F - In excerpts from Child of Dark, Ms. de Jesus tried to submit her work to the Reader's Digest.

false (the English soldiers were outnumbered)

T/F - In the excerpt from Henry V, the soldiers in the English army are confident they will prevail against the French.

false

T/F - King encourages his followers to use violence whenever necessary to promote the Civil Rights movement.

vignettes

The House on Mango Street is not told chronologically, but in a series of __________, little snapshots that capture parts of Esperanza's world.

first

The ______ sentence in a paragraph should help with transition and suggest a topic.

intrepid

The ________ commander bravely led his platoon to victory against insurmountable odds.

fortuitously

The detectives received a lucky break when they ________ happened upon a clue which helped them find the criminal. - flamboyantly - surreptitiously - fortuitously - nominally

eclectic

The club played a/an __________ mix of music in order to appeal to a variety of patrons. - eclectic - insatiable - parsimonious - sanctimonious

nuance

The conductor heightened my appreciation for Mozart's symphony as he explored every possible ________ of the music.

extended definitions

The criteria developed in ___________ _____________ are the warrants for arguments in nearly all fields of endeavor—medicine, law, literary criticism, philosophy, etc.

situational

The fact that the inspector-general is spied upon by his own servants is an example of which type of irony? - situational - verbal - dramatic

dramatic

The following passage demonstrates which type of irony? "He got rid of the last one. Holy terror he was! Hear him coming five miles off! Say he's going to this little town. Somewhere like we're going, say. He'd let all the world know about it a month before. So now he's on his way, say, and it's like thunder and lightning coming down the road. And when he gets where he's going he has a good sleep, he has a good eat and drink—and then he starts. Stamps his feet, shouts his head off. Then he has another good sleep, and off he goes."

stipulate

The lawyers worked carefully on creating a contract which would ________ that Allison must star in the television sitcom for three more years.

covert

The military conducted ________ operations as it tested its top secret new missile defense system. - covert - overt

words

The more ________ you know, the better you'll be able to express yourself and to appreciate the expression of others.

commas

The most common way to set off a parenthetical expression is by using _________. Interjections and other nonessential items in a sentence need to both start and end with these. ex. The President said, off the record, that he hoped Congress would pass the bill.

schism

The new minister's teachings caused a great ________ among the congregation, dividing the once unified worshippers. - schism - overt - inveigh - covert

formal

The passive voice is more _______ and impersonal than the active voice.

taut

The squadron's __________ parade formations always earned the sergeant's praise despite their motley, undisciplined backgrounds. - eclectic - prevaricate - insatiable - taut

word

The use of phrases like "condescending venom" is a good example of ________ choice.

motif

The wallpaper contains a distinct flower __________.

vocabulary

The wider you read, the better your __________ will be.

all of the above

Thinking back to The American Crisis Number 1, what reasons does Paine give for his confidence that God will help the Americans and not the British? - The British king is evil and unjust and has usurped God's unlimited power. - Heaven rates freedom highly. - God will not give the colonists up to the devils. - all of the above

all of the above

Thinking back to The American Crisis Number 1, with which of the following statements would Thomas Paine agree? - The harder you work for something, the more you appreciate it. - The ends justify the means, no matter how high the cost. - Every individual must be willing to sacrifice for the greater good. - all of the above

closer

To fix a dangling modifier, all you need to do is reposition it so it's _______ to the part being modified.

familiar

To identify an unknown term, look for parts of the word such as prefixes, suffixes, or roots that are ___________ to you.

truth and liberty

Toward the end of his speech, Camus mentions two goals we must "march toward." What are they? - truth and liberty - humility and liberty - honesty and honor - honesty and sincerity

masculine (as language evolves, this is not always true)

Traditionally a __________ pronoun is used when the gender of the antecedent is not known or unspecified.

missing (or vague)

Try to avoid the indefinite use of the pronouns "you" and "they" when the antecedent is ___________. ex. "They said you couldn't park your car on the sidewalk." vs. "The officers said you couldn't park your car on the sidewalk."

all of the above

Why is the active voice generally more desirable than the passive voice? - It improves your writing style. - It is more direct. - It is more clear and lively. - all of the above

organize

Use paragraphs as tools to help you ___________ your paper and to serve the reader.

optimistic

What is the tone of the play A Raisin in the Sun? - optimistic - sarcastic - comical - tragic

missing both

What is wrong with this sentence? Beyond the reaches of time and space. - missing verb - missing subject - missing both

subject-verb

Verbs tell when an action happened, but they also convey whether the action was committed by one or more than one person. This is called ________-_______ agreement. ex. Sam is a good basketball player. Brian, Taylor, and Sam are good basketball players.

raucous

Veronica disrupted the business meeting with her __________ outburst of laughter. - furtive - acute - raucous - unobtrusive

sanctimonious

Wanda really bugged me with her __________ attitude, smirking as she supplied all the answers during the Sunday school lesson. Yesterday, I saw her steal from orphans. - pragmatic - motley - sanctimonious - capacious

nominal

We were pleasantly surprised when the travel agent only charged a ________ fee for her services. - fortuitous - nominal - truncated - flamboyant

all of the above

What lesson(s) did Eric's mother learn from him? - to laugh - to love life - to accept death - all of the above

citizens

What logic does Anthony use to explain why she believes women already possess the right to vote? - Women are __________.

Jewish

What news caused the great stir in the village? - The arrival of ____________ soldiers.

allusion

What rhetorical device does Lincoln use in the first two lines of his speech, the "Gettysburg Address"? - __________ to a prior event

read

What trait best helps individuals prepare to become good writers? - They _______ extensively.

all of the above

What "injuries and usurpations" do are listed in the Declaration of Independence? - Taxation without representation - Limiting the ability of colonial governors to govern their people - Manipulating their judges - Forcing colonists to house and feed the British army - Preventing new immigrants from joining the colonists - All of the above

people

What are the "living stones" Elias refers to in Blood Brothers? - people - rocks and stones - priests - Jews

optimistic

What attribute best describes Anne in Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl? - pessimistic - idealistic - gloomy - optimistic

revising

What category, proofreading or revising, does the trait, ideas and content, belong to?

revising

What category, proofreading or revising, does the trait, organization belong to?

revising

What category, proofreading or revising, does the trait, sentence fluency belong to?

proofreading

What category, proofreading or revising, does the trait, usage belong to?

revising

What category, proofreading or revising, does the trait, voice belong to?

revising

What category, proofreading or revising, does the trait, word choice belong to?

shunning responsibilities

What caused the collapse of Athens, the birthplace of democracy? - allowing kings to become dictators - being too lazy to enforce laws - shunning responsibilities - involvement in too many wars

a body (of a dead boy in the sand lot)

What did Elias discover while playing soccer?

Christian

What did Elias, in Blood Brothers, remember his father teaching him? - The history of his ___________ ancestors.

cancer

What did Lance Armstrong successfully overcome before winning the Tour de France?

might

What did the guns symbolize to the young Elias in Blood Brothers? - War - Peace - Greed - Might

hope

What does "Esperanza" mean? - courage - friendship - beauty - hope

utensils

What does Jean Valjean steal from the Bishop? He steals silver... - utensils - candlesticks - jewelry

suffer

What does the narrator mean by "full knowledge" in the last sentence of "Distillation?" - He knows his father loved them enough to _______ so they wouldn't have to.

married

What happened to Sally? - She got ____________.

racial prejudice

What idea is presented in the poem, "Incident" by Countee Cullen? - summer vacations - childhood fears - racial prejudice - childhood teasing

Britain

What is "their finest hour" that Churchill refers to? - The Battle of _________ during WWII

dehumanization

What is the author's purpose in writing the poem, "The Unknown Citizen?" - He is criticizing the _______________ of society.

a. (to promote progress and world peace)

What is the main point of President Reagan's speech, "Tear Down This Wall," at the Brandenburg Gate? a. to promote progress and world peace b. to reveal the nature of the Communist Party in the Soviet Union c. to address the architectural needs of the city after World War II

(an overgrown) yard

What is the monkey garden? - an overgrown yard - a place in Mexico - a story Esperanza reads at school - a part of the local zoo

army (and the American cause)

What is the purpose of Paine's essay, The American Crisis Number 1? - To persuade American citizens into supporting the _______.

disinterested

What is the speaker's tone in "The Unknown Citizen?" - sympathetic - optimistic - disinterested - incoherent

compassionate

What is the tone of "Shaving"? - cynical - light-hearted - bitter - compassionate

hopeful

What is the tone of The House on Mango Street? - suspenseful - sarcastic - depressed - hopeful

hopeful

What is the tone of the President's speech, "Tear Down This Wall?" - humorous - remorseful - sarcastic - hopeful

photo

Where is Esperanza's first job? - A __________ store.

filth

Which is more negative? - filth - dirt

gossip

Which is more negative? - news - gossip

comic

Which is not one of the major types of irony? - comic - situational - verbal - dramatic

all of the above

Which of the following are Trimble's essentials to "selling the reader"? (Select all that apply.) - Serving the reader - Conviction of ideas - Strong arguments and support - All of the above

all of the above

Which of the following are benefits of omitting needless words? - writing is more clear - writing is more direct - writing is more active - all of the above

forgiving

Which of the following best describes Elias's father's attitude towards the Zionists in Blood Brothers? - Revengeful - Apathetic - Forgiving - Remorseful

unconscious

Which of the following best describes a "novice" writer? - _____________ writing.

all of the above

Which of the following clues lets the reader know that the driver knows the inspector-general's identity? - The inspector-general defends the description of how he tries to disguise his voice. - The inspector-general is offended when the driver recounts how he got his information. - The inspector-general hides his own flask when the driver mentions that the new inspector-general likes to keep a flask of vodka. - all of the above

future career

Which of the following does Anne not discuss in her journal in Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl? - boyfriends - school work - future career - family relationships

assertion of a single idea

Which of the following does not demonstrate the need for a paragraph break? - a supporting idea - change of speaker - visual help for the reader - assertion of a single idea

all of the above (show his love)

Which of the following is a way the father demonstrates his love for his children in "Distillation?" - He willingly works hard to provide for them. - He protects them from the hail storm. - He tells them he will never let anything hurt them. - all of the above show his love

rhetorical devices

Which of the following is not essential for forming a complete sentence? - rhetorical devices - subject - correct punctuation - predicate

oxymoron

Which of the following is not one of the rhetorical devices Paine uses in The American Crisis Number 1? - rhetorical question - oxymoron - metaphor - imagery

cram (in as much information as possible)

Which of the following is not one of the ways to create fluent sentences? - use short sentences for special emphasis - cram in as much information as possible - combine related ideas - vary sentence construction and length

hyphens

Which of the following methods is not used to set off parenthetical expressions? - parentheses - commas - hyphens - dashes

anecdote

Which of the following rhetorical devices is not used in King's "I Have a Dream" speech? - Allusion - Metaphor - Repetition - Anecdote - Climax

personal example

Which of the following would Sanders advocate in writing? - passive voice - anonymous prose - personal example - technical jargon

5

Which paragraph could best be described as the climax of Henry's speech, "Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death,"? (1 - 5)

(Andrew) Rasiej

Which philanthropist focuses on individuals donating their time & skills rather than money? - Lily Kanter - Andrew Rasiej - Bill Gates - Jim Barksdale

Bill Gates

Which philanthropist in The New Philanthropy focuses on bringing libraries technologically up-to-date? - Bill Gates - Andrew Rasiej - Morris Pope - Jim Clark

Jim Barksdale

Which philanthropist in The New Philanthropy focuses on improving literacy among school children? - Jim Clark - Lily Kanter - Bill Drayton - Jim Barksdale

rhetorical question

Which rhetorical device does Henry use repeatedly in the third paragraph of "Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death,"? - rhetorical question - alliteration - repetition - hyperbole

allusion and rhetorical question

Which rhetorical devices does Anthony use in her speech? - Hyperbole and oxymoron - Allusion and rhetorical question - Anecdote and personification - Repetition and metaphor

Preamble

Which section of the Constitution does Susan B. Anthony quote to support her point of view? - Bill of Rights - 19th Amendment - 1st Amendment - Preamble

third

Which stanza illustrates the impression the event had on the speaker of the poem "Incident?" - The _________ stanza.

optimistic

Which term best describes the tone of Camus's Nobel Prize Acceptance speech? - optimistic - nihilistic - sarcastic - unrealistic

(cancer) survivor

Which title would Armstrong rather have? - best actor of the year - cancer survivor - Tour de France winner

feign

While he likes to __________ the lifestyle of a rock star, his wallet cannot afford it. - prevaricate - pontificate - ruminate - feign

friends

Who are Rachel and Lucy? - They are Esperanza's ____________.

Peter

Who does Anne become infuriated with while living in the Secret Annex? - Koohuis - Dussel - Peter - Mr. Van Daan

prime minister

Who is Margaret Thatcher? A former _______ ________ of Great Britain.

George Washington

Who of the following was not one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence? - John Hancock - Benjamin Franklin - Thomas Jefferson - George Washington

greed

Who or what is the antagonist in the story "Trap of Gold?" - Wetherton - the tower - the desert - greed

prejudice

Who or what is the antagonist of "Ballad of Birmingham"?

Anne Frank

Who said it? - "I don't want followers, but friends, admirers who fall not for a flattering smile but for what one does and for one's character."

His sister's family

Who was Jean Valjean trying to provide for? - His brothers and sisters - His own family of six - An orphaned boy - His sister's family

Theodore Herzl

Who was the founder of the Zionist movement in Blood Brothers? - Theodore Herzl - Lord Balfour - Lord Rothschild - Chaim Weizmann

Jewish (and therefore hiding from the Nazis)

Why are Anne and her family in the Secret Annex? - They are _________.

hail storm

Why are the boys silent on their ride home from the dump in "Distillation?" - They are thinking about their near escape from danger in the ______ _______.

they were forced out (by soldiers)

Why did Elias's family move from Biram to Gish? - to avoid the outbreak of plague - they were forced out by soldiers - to be closer to their relatives

all of the above

Why did the Palestinian people consider the United Nations' "compromise" unfair in Blood Brothers? - It gave the fertile, arable land to the Zionists. - It gave more than half the land to the Zionists. - It forced many Palestinians to be uprooted. - All of the above

oligarchy

Why does Anthony declare that states with laws prohibiting women the right to vote are in violation of the Constitution? - They establish an ___________ of sex.

all of the above

Why does Sanders assert that active voice strengthens writing? - It makes the writer more accountable. - It is more interesting and lively. - It eliminates empty phrases. - all of the above

sneaky

Why does the inspector-general demand that the driver turn around and return him to the station? - He realizes that he is not as _______ as he thought.

conformity

Why does the poem, "The Unknown Citizen," emphasize that the man's various actions were "normal," "proper," or "right"? - To illustrate society's pressure for __________.

(to further his) education

Why is Elias sent to the orphanage in Haifa?

all of the above

Why is it important to use correct conventions? - readers need help - they help writers communicate meaning clearly - writers want to appear professional - all of the above

all of the above

Why might an author break the conventions of standard English? - imitate dialogue - help establish culture - help establish setting - place emphasis on a particular piece of information - all of the above

assure

Winnie called Janice to __________ her that she was not alone in her struggle with chocolate addiction. - insure - ensure - assure

tenacious

With years of private training under her belt, Jasmine had a __________ hold on the part for the lead in the school play.

anemic

Worn out from seven hours of work under the hot sun, the laborer made a/an __________ attempt at a conversation with his coworker, who was equally as exhausted.

Organization

Writer's block demonstrates a weakness in which of the Six Traits? - Ideas and content - Sentence fluency - Organization - Word choice

active

Writing in the _______ voice emphasizes the doer. ex. "Susan plays the violin." or "John ate the hot dog."

passive

Writing in the ________ voice emphasizes the receiver. ex. "The violin is played by Susan." or "The hot dog was eaten by John."

conflict

You never find a story that doesn't have some kind of __________ in it.

transition

You will normally start a paragraph with a topic sentence or a ____________ sentence that ties that paragraph to the previous one.

ARMS

_______ is an acronym that stands for add, remove, move, and substitute. - What can I add to make my writing better? - What can I remove to make my writing better? - What can I move around to make my writing better? - What can I substitute to make my writing better?

Creative layout

__________ __________ might include such issues as appropriate and appealing use of fonts, use of visual or graphic organizers like numbers and bullets, use of illustrations, and general presentation on the page. The whole purpose of this trait is to enhance visual appeal and readability and make information enticing and accessible.

Word

__________ choice is one of the keys to your personal style. They will either make your writing seem plain and pedestrian, or powerful and profound.

Parenthesis

___________ can be used in place of commas or dashes to set off nonessential material in a sentence. ex. Ryan (he had been in my class ever since kindergarten) had a strange obsession with pickles.

Dashes

___________ work the same way as commas when setting off parenthetical elements. They show breaks in thought and can be used to string together a line of thoughts that wouldn't normally fit together as a complete sentence. ex. In fact, there are three main ways—which are all correct—to set off parenthetical expressions in a sentence.

Dynamic

____________ characters undergo significant internal, life-altering changes throughout the story.

Short

______ sentences provide vivid emphasis and stick in a reader's mind.

Static

_______ characters do not undergo any major changes in beliefs or philosophies throughout the story - they do not change their nature.

idiom

a colloquial expression used by a specific group of people with a meaning that is understood through common use/ these frequently become cliché ex. My grandma kicked the bucket last February.

simile

a comparison between unlike objects that often uses the words "like" or "as"

metaphor

a direct comparison between unlike things that doesn't use "like" or "as" ex. He is a library of information.

protagonist

a generally admirable and likeable character who plays the lead role in a story and drives the plot forward ex. Superman

rhetorical question

a question that the speaker asks the audience which doesn't require a response, used to stimulate an audience to think/focus on a particular idea or issue ex. "How can we sit here in comfort and ignore the plight of the poor, the cold, the homeless?"

photo essay

a series of photographs with short, clever captions

anecdote

a short summary of an interesting or humorous, incident or event which is often biographical

situational irony

a type of irony happens when an event directly contradicts the expectations of readers or characters

verbal irony

a type of irony that occurs when a word/phrase is used to suggest the opposite of its usual meaning ex. sarcasm

dramatic irony

a type of irony that occurs when there is a contradiction between what a character thinks and what the audience/reader knows to be true

elusive

adj. able to escape capture, perception, comprehension, or memory

imminent

adj. about to occur/ impending/ forthcoming immediately

vigilant

adj. alert and attentive to danger or trouble

comprehensive

adj. all-encompassing/ wide in scope/ inclusive

convention

an agreement made over time between writers and readers about how something will be done in texts

hyperbole

an exaggeration used to make a point, often in a humorous way ex. I've told you a million times to stop pestering your sister!

parenthetical expression (parenthetical element)

an expression which is inserted into the flow of thought/ this may be in the middle of a sentence or between sentences, but it does not deal directly with the topic at hand

sentence fragment

an incomplete sentence

sphere of influence

any group of people that are affected by an individual's actions

exposition

background information that sets the stage for the action that will follow and introduces the characters, establishes the setting, and presents the main conflict

climax

building to a point of intensity ex. "At the local level, the homeless are a nuisance, at the state level they are a budget item, but at the national level they are a reflection of our inhumanity."

word choice

clear, precise, and colorful vocabulary maked by thoughtful selection to convey the ideal intended meaning and attitude Tips: keep a journal of your favorite words and quotes, try to explore other ways to say something, utilize strong verbs, make a picture, cut out the fat, and utilize a thesaurus

metaphor

considered the most important figure of speech, this compares two things that are different without like or as ex. "The wind was a torrent of darkness among the gusty trees, The moon was a ghostly galleon tossed upon cloudy seas" (Noyes 1906)

paradox

containing seemingly contradictory or incompatible elements ex. "I must be cruel only to be kind." (Shakespeare 1603)

personification

giving human-like qualities to something that is not human ex. Winter seized the countryside by the throat, choking the life out of it.

hyperbole

language used to exaggerate ex. "Listening to this speech is as exciting as watching paint dry."

voice

individuality, personality, perspective, expressiveness, sensitivity to audience, enthusiasm for a topic, confidence, etc. Tips: be yourself, match emotion with purpose, identify the audience, genuinely care, know your topic, and imagine yourself writing a letter

duress

n. constraint by threat/ forcible imprisonment/ coercion/ compulsion

antithesis

n. direct contrast, or opposition, as in ideas

figurative language

language that uses words or phrases which have meanings beyond the literal

chagrin

n. dismay or embarrassment caused by disappointment or failure

temerity

n. foolish or rash boldness/ recklessness

valor

n. marked courage or bravery

inexorable

n. not capable of being influenced by persuasion or entreaty/ unrelenting

asperity

n. roughness or sharpness/ sharpness of temper

course

n. a direction or route taken or to be taken/ a class

harbinger

n. a forerunner/ one who indicates or foreshadows what is to come

entourage

n. a group of associates or attendants/ a retinue

paragon

n. a model of perfection or excellence

vignette

n. a short, descriptive literary sketch

nuance

n. a slight variation of tone, color, or meaning

coterie

n. a small, select group of friends or colleagues; a clique

schism

n. a split or division due to different opinions, especially within a church

idiom

n. a style or form of expression that is characteristic of an individual, a period of movement, or a medium of expression

conjecture

n. a theory or prediction based on incomplete evidence/ a guess

motif

n. a usually recurring thematic element/ a single or repeated design or pattern

resilience

n. an ability to recover from or adjust easily from misfortune or change

plethora

n. an overabundance/ an excess

naphtha

n. any of various flammable liquids used especially for dissolving substances

progeny

n. children or offspring

solace

n. comfort or consolation in sorrow, misfortune, or distress

remuneration

n. compensation or payment in return for goods, services, or losses

symbolism

when an object that has its own meaning is used to represent something completely different ex. a lion can represent nobility or royalty

indefinite pronouns

pronouns that express an amount or refer to an unspecified person or thing

allusion

reference to a familiar person, place or thing ex. "Just as Johnny Appleseed, we are planting the seeds of a federal deficit from which future generations will harvest bitter fruit."

parallel structure

repetition of the same pattern of words or phrases within a sentence or passage to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance

resolution

shows how the conflict is resolved or how the protagonist has come to terms with the conflict

modifier

something that modifies, or describes, a part of a sentence

conventions

spelling, punctuation, capitalization, paragraphing, grammar, creative layout, and usage Tips: run spell check, check sentences from completeness, examine punctuation, read it aloud, review your work visually, edit in two ways - online and on paper

rhetoric

the art or study of using language effectively

Nihilism

the belief that life has no meaning or purpose

encore

the call for a repetition, as of some part of a play or performance

theme

the central message or idea that the story is built around/ there is often more than one in a work

antagonist

the character or element in the play that is in conflict with the protagonist/ the "bad guy"

denotation

the dictionary meaning of a word

revising (substantive editing)

the first step of the proofreading process which involves reviewing what can be changed in ideas, organization, sentence fluency, voice, and word choice to improve the writing

proofreading

the general activity of going back over one's writing to catch mistakes/ this can be broken down into revising and copy editing

ideas

the heart of any piece of writing which paints an image in the reader's mind and is strengthened by clarity and details Tips: be an observer, write small (focused on one idea), pick your own topic when applicable, only include necessary details, get to the point - then stop, and don't generalize

connotation

the implied feelings or emotional value of a word, usually determined by society and the word's use

organization

the internal structure of a piece of literature/ putting things together in a way that makes sense and holds the reader's attention Tips: spend time on a good hook, have a central idea/ theme, gather info with related info, try to create a pattern, link ideas together, and end with flair

copy editing

the last step of the proofreading process which involves review of the technical aspects of writing (spelling, punctuation, grammar, and formatting)

antagonist

the main character that works in opposition to the protagonist ex. Mad scientist

climax

the most crucial moment in a story when the protagonist must decide how the conflict will be resolved/ the height of action or suspense

rising action

the point in a story where the plot thickens or gets more complicated

sentence fluency

the rhythm and flow of sentences that makes a text both easy and pleasurable to read marked by variety in both sentence length and structure Tips: read aloud, combine sentences, keep it crisp, use a variety of openers, avoid run-ons with punctuation, read other's writing aloud

antecedent

the word or group of words which a pronoun replaces ex. The mangy dog has fleas. He scratches at them until he bleeds. ("he" replaces "dog")

run-on sentence

two or more sentences written incorrectly as one sentence

antithesis

use of contrasting or opposing ideas or words in such a way to dramatize the difference ex. "Ask not what your country can do for you—ask what you can do for your country." (J.F. Kennedy 1961)

repetition

using a phrase or word, with appropriate frequency, to create a memorable impression on the audience ex. "Government of the people, by the people, and for the people, shall not perish from the earth." (Lincoln 1863)

oxymoron

using language to imply a contradiction ex. "The silence was deafening" or jumbo shrimp

alliteration

using words which have the same opening consonants ex. "slippery slope"

truncated

v. shortened or cut off/ terminated abruptly

exacerbate

v. to aggravate/ to increase the severity, violence, or bitterness of

relegate

v. to assign to an obscure place or position/ to exile or banish

persevere

v. to continue a course of action in spite of difficulty or oppression

assure

v. to declare earnestly to/ inform or tell positively/ state with confidence to

abrogate

v. to do away with, abolish, repeal, or annul, especially by authority

coerce

v. to force to act in a certain way/ to dominate, restrain, or control by force

insure

v. to guarantee against loss or harm

precipitate

v. to hurl downward/ to cause to happen before expected

fabricate

v. to make or construct/ to lie or deceive

ensure

v. to make sure or certain

inundate

v. to overwhelm or cover as if with a flood/ a deluge

inveigh

v. to protest vehemently/ to make a violent verbal attack

repudiate

v. to reject the validity of/ to disown or disavow

recant

v. to renounce formally/ to make a formal retraction or disavowal of a previously stated opinion or belief

stipulate

v. to specify as a condition of an arrangement/ to require by contract

trundle

v. to transport in or as if in a wheeled vehicle

personification

when an author describes an animal, object, or idea is if it were human/ giving non-human things human characteristics ex. "Their apartment is as cheerful as can be!"

irony

when what you expect to happen is the opposite of what actually happens ex. A traffic cop gets his license suspended for unpaid parking tickets.

subject

who/what does the action or is being described in a sentence

homonyms

words that are spelled the same and have different pronunciation ex. desert - as in the location and desert - as in a soldier abandoning his unit

verbs

words that convey action or a state of being/ these tell whether the action or state of being takes place in the past, present, or future

homophones

words that sound the same but have different spellings and meanings ex. to, too, and two