ENV - Ch 6

1. Which toxic heavy metal is associated with melanosis, a dermatologic condition that can cause the darkening of the skin of the entire body? A) Arsenic B) Mercury C) Cadmium D) Beryllium

Ans: A

5. Excessively low intake of copper may be associated with: A) dietary deficiency. B) normal health. C) toxicity. D) lethality. E) None of these is correct.

Ans: A Complexity: Easy Ahead: Essential Metals with Potential for Toxicity Subject: Chapter 6

6. Hemochromatosis is associated with excessive buildup of: A) iron. B) mercury. C) copper. D) manganese. E) None of these is correct.

Ans: A Complexity: Easy Ahead: Essential Metals with Potential for Toxicity Subject: Chapter 6

3. What metal is believed to play a role in reducing the occurrence of common infections and is theorized to be necessary for children's growth and for maintaining the health of pregnant women? A) Zinc B) Nickel C) Copper D) Iron

Ans: A Complexity: Moderate

3. __________ is an ingredient in various medicines and cosmetics and, as a result of its widespread use, human exposure is almost universal.

Ans: Aluminum Complexity: Difficult Ahead: Metals for Use in Medical Therapy Subject: Chapter 6 Title: Toxic Metals and Elements

8. Methylation and bioaccumulation are processes that involve which of the following metals? A) Iron B) Mercury C) Copper D) Manganese E) None of these is correct.

Ans: B Complexity: Easy Ahead: Essential Metals with Potential for Toxicity Subject: Chapter 6

2. Erin Brockovich was a successful advocate against groundwater pollution from: A) mercury. B) chromium. C) lead. D) arsenic. E) None of these is correct.

Ans: B Complexity: Easy Ahead: Toxic Heavy Metals Subject: Chapter 6

7. A disease that causes the conjunctiva to appear white is: A) jaundice. B) asthma. C) anemia. D) itai-Itai. E) None of these is correct.

Ans: C Complexity: Easy Ahead: Essential Metals with Potential for Toxicity Subject: Chapter 6

10. Aluminum has been studied as a factor that may be linked to: A) melanosis of the skin. B) chronic renal disease. C) Alzheimer's disease. D) low blood pressure. E) None of these is correct.

Ans: C Complexity: Easy Ahead: Metals for Use in Medical Therapy Subject: Chapter 6

1. The EPA standard for the amount of arsenic permitted in drinking water is: A) 50 μg per liter. B) 30 μg per liter. C) 10 μg per liter. D) 20 μg per liter. E) 40 μg per liter.

Ans: C Complexity: Easy Ahead: Toxic Heavy Metals Subject: Chapter 6

2. Itai-itai disease, which began occurring in the Jinzu River basin in Japan as early as 1912, is one of the conditions attributed to which toxic metal? A) Arsenic B) Mercury C) Cadmium D) Beryllium

Ans: C Complexity: Moderate Ahead: Toxic Heavy Metals Subject: Chapter 6 Title: Toxic Metals and Elements

3. Which of the following has not been identified by government agencies as having dangerously high levels of mercury? A) Shark B) Swordfish C) Canned albacore D) Salmon E) King mackerel

Ans: D Complexity: Easy Ahead: Significance of Heavy Metals for the Human Population Subject: Chapter 6

4. Lead exposure can arise from: A) lead paint used in homes. B) certain types of pottery. C) lead dusts brought home from work. D) tap water from soldered pipes. E) All of these are correct.

Ans: E Complexity: Easy Ahead: Significance of Heavy Metals for the Human Population Subject: Chapter 6

9. One of the most frequent methods of exposure to beryllium is: A) workers' inhalation of beryllium in the meat packing industry. B) via wounds in the skin. C) via direct skin contact. D) through ingestion. E) workers' inhalation of beryllium in metal processing industries.

Ans: E Complexity: Easy Ahead: Toxic Heavy Metals Subject: Chapter 6

2. True or False? The film Erin Brockovich called attention to the potential hazards associated with groundwater pollution from arsenic.

Ans: False Complexity: Easy Ahead: Overview of Sources and Effect of Exposure to Metals Subject: Chapter 6 Title: Toxic Metals and Elements

2. The neurologic condition, which became known as __________, was characterized by numbness of the extremities, deafness, poor vision, and drowsiness, was attributed to discharges of mercury compounds into a bay by a plastics factory.

Ans: Minamata disease Complexity: Difficult Ahead: Toxic Heavy Metals Subject: Chapter 6 Title: Toxic Metals and Elements

1. True or False? Contact with high concentrations of toxic metals is most likely to occur in an occupational setting.

Ans: True Complexity: Easy Ahead: Overview of Sources and Effect of Exposure to Metals Subject: Chapter 6 Title: Toxic Metals and Elements

3. True or False? Less developed countries increasingly are being selected as the dumping grounds for electronic waste, which is scavenged by unwitting individuals who are not aware of the hazardous nature of this waste.

Ans: True Complexity: Easy Ahead: Overview of Sources and Effect of Exposure to Metals Subject: Chapter 6 Title: Toxic Metals and Elements

1. The process of __________ causes mercury levels to increase as the metal moves up the food chain and becomes more concentrated in aquatic invertebrates.

Ans: bioaccumulation Complexity: Difficult Ahead: Toxic Heavy Metals Subject: Chapter 6 Title: Toxic Metals and Elements

7. Which of the following statements about heavy metals is true? A. Their specific gravity exceeds that of water by five or more times. B. None of them is necessary to sustain life. C. All of them are toxic even at trace levels. D. All of these are correct. E. None of these is correct.

Answer: A Complexity: Easy Ahead: Overview of Sources and Effects of Exposure to Metals Subject: Chapter 6 Title: Toxic Metals and Elements

2. Itai-itai disease was a form of poisoning associated with ingestion of which of the following? A. Lead B. Cadmium C. Mercury D. Arsenic E. None of these is correct.

Answer: B

8. Bioaccumulation (biomagnification) of heavy metals is a particular hazard associated with which of the following? A. Iron B. Mercury C. Copper D. Manganese E. None of these is correct.

Answer: B

1. Minimata disease was associated with ingestion of seafood tainted with which of the following? A. Lead B. Cadmium C. Mercury D. Arsenic E. None of these is correct.

Answer: C Complexity: Easy Ahead: Toxic Heavy Metals Subject: Chapter 6 Title: Toxic Metals and Elements

9. The symptoms of long-term exposure to lower levels of toxic metals include which of the following? A. Convulsions B. Vomiting and stomach pain C. Sudden onset of headaches D. Chronic illness effects E. All of these are correct.

Answer: D Complexity: Easy Ahead: Overview of Sources and Effects of Exposure to Metals Subject: Chapter 6 Title: Toxic Metals and Elements

3. Diffuse and spotted melanosis are associated with ingestion of which of the following? A. Lead B. Cadmium C. Mercury D. Arsenic E. None of these is correct.

Answer: D Complexity: Easy Ahead: Toxic Heavy Metals Subject: Chapter 6 Title: Toxic Metals and Elements

10. For fetuses, infants, and children, the hazards of heavy metals include: A. impairment of physical and mental development. B. damage to internal organs. C. brain damage. D. some forms of cancer. E. All of these are correct.

Answer: E Complexity: Easy Ahead: Overview of Sources and Effects of Exposure to Metals Subject: Chapter 6 Title: Toxic Metals and Elements

6. Possible methods for exposure to metals include which of the following? A. Inhalation of dusts B. Inhalation of metal fumes C. Skin contact with dusts D. Ingestion E. All of these are correct.

Answer: E Complexity: Easy Ahead: Overview of Sources and Effects of Exposure to Metals Subject: Chapter 6 Title: Toxic Metals and Elements

5. Substances on the National Priorities List (United States) have which of the following characteristics? A. They have known or suspected toxicity. B. They have potential for human exposure. C. They appear frequently in uncontrolled or abandoned waste sites. D. They are scheduled for possible remediation under Superfund. E. All of these are correct.

Answer: E Complexity: Easy Ahead: The CERCLA Priority List of Hazardous Substances Subject: Chapter 6 Title: Toxic Metals and Elements

4. Which of the following metals is not classified as a major toxic metal with multiple effects? A. Arsenic B. Beryllium C. Chromium D. Mercury E. Silver

Answer: E Complexity: Moderate Ahead: Toxic Heavy Metals Subject: Chapter 6 Title: Toxic Metals and Elements