Enviro test population
Examine the following age structure diagram. This population will be A. Declining rapidly in the future B. Growing slowly in the future C. Remaining stable D. Growing rapidly in the future E. Declining slowly in the future
A
In which of the following states or areas would you NOT find significant amounts of old growth forests A. New England B. Appalachia C. British Columbia D. Washington state E. California
A
The majority of nutrients and calories in the average human diet come from A. Potoatoes, corn, and rice B. Wheat, rice, and soybeans C. What, corn, and rice D. What, corn, and oats E. What, corn, and soybeans
C
The number of children an average woman would have, assuming that she livers her full reproductive lifetime, is known as the A. Birth rate B. Crude birth rate C. TFR D. RLF E. zero population growth
C
The one area of the world that is NOT expected to increase food production soon is A. Asia B. Latin America C. Sub Saharan Africa D. China E. India
C
All of the following exhibit a Type I survivorship curve EXCEPT a. oak tree b. galapagos tortoise c. sheep d. humans
A
An underground zone or body of earth material from which groundwater can be extracted is known as A. an aquifer B. a reservoir C. an artesian well D. effluent
A
Between 1963 and 2000, the rate of the world's annual population change _____ but the human population size _____ A. Dropped 40%; rose 90% B. Rose 90%; dropped 40% C. Dropped 90%; rose 40% D. Remained stable; triples E. Rose 40%; dropped 2.9%
A
Biotic potential refers to A. An estimate of the maximum capacity of living things to survive and reproduce under optimal environmental conditions B. The proportion of the population of each sex at each age category C. The ratio of total live births to total population D. A factor that influences population growth that increases in magnitude with an increase in the size or density of the population E. Events and phenomena of nature that act to keep population sizes available
A
During which stage of the demographic transition model is the population size the MOST stable? A. stage 1 B. stage 3 C. stage 4 D. stage 5
A
If a population doubles in about 70 years, it is showing a ___% growth rate. A. 1 B. 5 C. 35 D. 140 E. 200
A
The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami killed an estimated 23,000 people. Global human population growth is estimated at an annual rate of 1.2% How long did it take to replace the lives of those killed to return to the previous population size? A. 1 day B. 1 week C. 1 month D. 1 year
A
What is true of zero population growth? A. human population has reached replacement level fertility B. humans stop having children C. Human death rate exceeds the birth rate D. human population size crashes
A
Which of the following agricultural practices will accelerate cultural eutrophication? A. the use of fertilizers B. crop rotation C. application of commercial pesticides D. no-till rarming
A
Which of the following correctly describes how the practice of tilling can lead to and increase in soil erosion? A. the amount of crop residue declines B. Organic matter is mixed with the soil C. weeds have been eliminated D. the germination of seeds is delayed
A
Which of the following factors is associated with the highest potential for population growth? A. High percentage of people under 18 B. High percentage of people in their 30s C. High percentage of people in their 50s D. High percentage of people in high income groups E. High percentage of people in low income groups
A
Which of the following is a likely consequence of the irrigation of agricultural land over time? A. depletion of aquifers in the area B. depletion of seas in the area C. an increase in salinization of the soil D. a decrease in salinization of the soil
A
Which situation would MOST likely accelerate a country's transition through Phase III of the Demographic Transition Model? A. the implementation of mandatory education for all kids B. the introduction of Green Revolution technologies C. the movement to a more industrial economy D. the implementation of free health care for all residents
A
All of the following factors tend to cause women to have fewer children EXCEPT A. Higher education B. High infant mortality C. Better prenatal care D. Birth control education E. Human rights are protected
B
In 2005, France had a population of 63 million. In 2010, the population was 65 million. What is France's growth rate during this period? A. 2.1% B. 3.2% C. 3.5% D. 4.7%
B
In which stage of the Demographic Transition Model, is the decline in the birth rate SIGNIFICANTLY greater than the decline in the death rate? A. stage II B. stage III C. Stage IV D. Stage V
B
Most of Earth's land area is A. Urban B. Forest C. Desert D. Rangeland E. Agricultural
B
Pronataliats would include all of the following EXCEPT A. Many children die early due to health and environmental conditions B. Children and expensive and time intensive C. Children provide extra income for families D. Children provide security for parents when the parents reach old age E. Status of the family is often determined by the number of children
B
The CBR of Ghana in 2012 was 32 birth/thousand individuals, its net migration rate was -2/thousand individuals, and its growth rate was 2.2% What was the crude death rate of Ghana this year? A. 10 B. 8 C. 30 D. 2
B
The MOST common cause of salinization of agricultural soils over time is A. overharvesting of crops B. overirrigation C. lack of fertilization D. no till agriculture
B
The second law of thermodynamics would tend to support A. People eating more meat than grain B. People eating more grain than meat C. People eating about the same amount of grain as meat D. People being undernourished E. People eating a balanced diet from all food groups
B
What is true about the rate of natural population increase? A. (CBR+Immigration) - (CDR+Emigration) all over 10 B. CBR-CDR all over 10 C. Number of births-number of death D. Crude rate of increase- crude rate of decrease
B
Which is the BEST example of undernutrition? A. a person eats a 2,500 calorie diet of fast and processed foods B. A person eats a 2,000 calorie diet of lean meat, fruits, vegetables, and whole grains C. a person eats a 2,300 calorie diet of lean meat with no carbohydrates D. a person eats three meals a day of only vegetarian food
B
Which is the best explanation for why it is necessary for developing countries to have a total fertility rate greater than 2.1? a. the total fertility rate must be high enough to offset the short life spans experienced in developing countries b. the total fertility rate must be high enough to replace the high mortality rates of children and adolescents c. because of malnutrition in developing countries, few pregnancies go to full term d. in developing countries there are few education opportunities for women and they will have more children
B
Which of the following is TRUE about LD50? A. LD50 is the dose of a substance that kills half of the entire population B. the lower the LD50 the more toxic a substance is C. the higher the LD50 the more toxic a substance is D. LD50 is the dose of a substance that has an effect, such as blindness, on 50% of a test population
B
Which of the following slows population global growth the MOST? A. tax penalties for families with more children than allowed by law B. the education and empowerment of women C. a rise in global GDP D. sending foreign aid, such as food and medical supplies to lesser developed countries
B
Which organism would BEST be suited for a mark and recapture population estimation? A. red oak B. rainbow salmon C. blue whales D. Rhinos
B
Which policy would a government NOT adopt if they wanted to move their country from stage 2 to stage 4 in the demographic transition model? A. gov could train pop with skills needed to attract foreign investment in manufacturing B. gov could tax the richer and allow those in poverty not to pay C. gov could train more teachers/build more schools to offer free education D. gov could improve med services by building more hospitals and training more doctors
B
A density dependent factor would include all of the following EXCEPT A. Drought B. Fires C. Predation D. Flooding E. All of the above are density dependent
C
Adding more fertilizer does NOT necessarily increase crop production is an example of A. Law of supply and demand B. Leibigs law of minimum C. Limiting factors D. Second law of thermodynamics E. Gaia hypothesis
C
Approximately what percentages of the world depends upon wood or charcoal for heating and or cooking A. Less than 10% B. Between 20% and 30% C. Between 50% and 60% D. More than 75% E. Has not been determined
C
Chronically undernourished people represent A. 1 in every 10 B. 1 in every 8 C. 1 in every 5 D. 1 in every 3 E. 1 in every 2
C
Genetically modified organisms provide all of the following advantages EXCEPT A. plants can be engineered to resist viruses, increasing yields in areas where viral infection rates are high B. plants can be bred to tolerate common herbicide, like glyphosate so fields can be sprayed with this substance which kills weeds and leaves crops intact C. the use of genetically modified organisms can prevent pests from developing resistance D. genetically modified organisms can be engineered to produce needed vitamins, reducing malnutrition in areas where food resources are limited
C
In 2013, Afghanistan's crude birth rate was 35. How many babies were born if the population size was 31 million? A. 113,000 B. 884,500 C. 1,085,000 D. 2,540,000
C
Lands that are primarily used for the production of adapted, domesticated forage plants for livestock are known as A. rangeland B. croplands C. pastures D. plantations
C
Most grain that is grown in the United States is used A. For export to countries that need grain B. For cereals and baked goods C. To feed cattle D. For trade with other countries E. To created fuel and liquor
C
Most populations in nature A. Show characteristic J curves B. Show characteristic S curves C. Show characteristics of dynamic equilibrium D. Show wide fluctuations in population growth E. Cannot be characterized
C
RLF for a couple is A. 1.0 B. 2.0 C. 2.1 D. 3.0 E. Varies depending on country
C
The doubling time for the Chinese population is estimated to be 140 years. What is China's current population growth rate, at that current doubling time? A. you cannot calculate growth rate by only knowing the doubling time B. 2% C. 0.5% D. 35 years
C
What is the BEST explanation for Bahrain's population age structure? A. Bahrain has a high female mortality rate B. Bahrain has a lack of prenatal care causing a high maternal death rate during birth C. Bahrain has a high immigration rate of male workers D. Bahrain has a male dominated workforce
C
What is the name of the largest aquifer on Earth located in the western part of the US? A. florida everglades B. colorado river C. ogallala aquifer D. Mississippi River watershed
C
What is the number one source of soil erosion? A. Physical degradation B. Chemical degradation C. Water erosion D. Wind erosion E. All forms contribute equally
C
What percent of the world's population will be living on the Asian continent in 2100? A. about 34% B. about 38% C. about 42% D. about 47%
C
Which is the best explanation for the increase in the carrying capacity for algae in an aquatic environment? A. high temperatures caused rapid evaporation of water and the concentration of nutrients B. the ecosystem developed hypoxic conditions C. agricultural runoff increased after spring rains D. storm water that contains herbicides flowed into the aquatic environment
C
Which of the following are possible impacts of the resort on squirrel monkey populations if the resort bisects the range? I. increase recessive gene occurrence II. extinction III. sympatric speciation A. II only B. III only C. I and II only D. II and III only
C
Which of the following best describes the section on the graph from A to C? A. the death rate fluctuates around the carrying capacity B. the population size is limited by abiotic factors C. the population has reached the carrying capacity D. the population has stabilizied with a fairly constant birth rate
C
Which of the following is NOT a concept designed to create a sustainable city A. Conserve natural habitats B. Focus on energy and resource conservation C. Design affordable and duel efficient automobiles D. Provide ample green space E. All are correct
C
Which of the following methods is one that falls into the first category, increasing crop yield? A. irrigation B. mechinization of planting C. fertilization D. mechanization of harvest
C
Which stage of the demographic transition model is Country A exhibiting in 2012? A. transitional B. post industrial C. industrial D. pre-industrial
C
Which statement is correct? A. populations follow the demographic transition model in a predictable manner B. birth rates and death rates have a direct relationship C. immigration and emigrations are not considered D. birth rates and death rates have an inverse relationship
C
All of the following are methods that resort could use to minimize impact to squirrel monkey range EXCEPT a. build a bungalow style with many small buildings b. landscaping could be limited to native trees and fruits monkeys eat C. the resort could incorporate a green roof D. the resort could build large fences around to keep tourists away from monkeys
D
All of the following exhibit a Type III survivorship curve EXCEPT A. reptiles B. mussels C. grasses D. Hawks
D
All of the following reduce the carrying capacity of cattle in rangelands EXCEPT A. an arid to semi-arid environment B. overgrazing C. an increased numbers of cattle D. supplemental forage for cattle
D
Chronically undernourished people are those who receive approximately ____ calories or less per day A. 500 B. 1000 C. 1500 D. 2000 E. 3000
D
During the last 150 years urban population has increased A. 10% B. 20% C. 50% D. 100% E. 250%
D
Greywater BEST describes A. wastewater containing human waste B. potable water used for household activities C. runoff from agricultural fields D. used water from household or business activities
D
Of all the jobs in the US Forest Service, the majority are concerned with A. Lumber management B. Fire management C. Mining management D. Recreation E. Administrative functions
D
Planting trees and/or shrubs between rows of crops is known as A. Contour farming B. Planting windbreaks C. Strip cropping D. Alley cropping E. Rolling farming
D
The doubling time for this population would be A. 10 years B. 13.3 years C. 24.2 years D. 63.6 years E. 126 years
D
The following age-structure diagram would be typical of A. Russia B. China C. The United States D. Niger or Peru E. Canada
D
The main reason that the population of Russia is declining is A. The government instituted taxation incentives for having smaller families B. The success of birth control C. Mandatory sterilization D. The standard of living has declined E. Massive emigration
D
The net growth for this population was A. .5 B. .9 C. 1 D. 1.1 E. 1.5
D
Using the demographic transition model, what stage would be characteristic of death rates falling while birthrates remain high? A. Preindustrial B. Industrial C. Postindustrial D. Transitional E. None of the above
D
Which is the best explanation for the population distribution in Egypt? A. Egypt's largest cities are located near the Nile River's delta areas B. the climate near the Mediterranean Sea is more moderate C. people cannot successfully farm a desert and won't live there D. People settle where there is access to fresh water
D
Which of the following BEST describes Germany's population profile? A. Germany is a developed country with a stable population B. Germany is a developed country but suffers from high infant mortality rates C. Germany is a developing country with a slowly growing population D. German is a developed country with a low birth rate
D
Which of the following case studies serves as a direct example of renewable resource depletion as a consequence of exponential human population growth? A. three mile Island, PA B. Mono Lake, CA C. Minimata, Japan D. Easter Island
D
Which of the following is NOT associated with monocropping? A. new strains of disease-resistant crops are bred or engineered B. pesticides are heavily employed C. the area of cultivated land is increased by using irrigation D. the need for tilling is greatly reduced
D
Which of the following is the BEST statement about the relationship between urbanization and infectious disease? A. the air and water pollution associated with urban areas increases the rate of lung and intestinal diseases B. the high population density increases the rate at which diseases spread throughout the city C. poor sanitation leads to the rapid growth and spread of viruses and bacteria D. urban areas have slums with high population densities, poor sanitation, and poor healthcare
D
Which of the following would be a rapid approach to decreasing the crop damage while increasing crop yields? A. integrated pest management B. genetically modified crops C. the use of cover crops D. pesticides
D
A process in which small holes are drilled into Earth and water based chemical solvents are used to flush out desired minerals is known as A. Chemical leaching B ex-situ leaching C. Beneficiation D. Heap leaching E. In-situ leaching
E
Cities experiencing the greatest urban growth are found in A. Asia B. Africa C. Europe D. North America E. Both A and B
E
Soil that is transported by the wind is A. Alluvial B. Feral C. Gangue D. Rill E. Aeolian
E
The average americans ecological footprint is approximately A. The size of a shoe B. 0.5 acres C. 3 acres D. 6 acres E. 12 acres
E
The most successful method of controlling a country's population has been A. Required sterilization B. Government quotas on children produced C. Birth control D. Financial incentives E. All of the above
E
What percentage of the crops grown in the world today are transgenic or genetically modified A. 0 B. 1%-15% C. 20%-35% D. 40%-60% E. >75%
E
Which of the following statements is false? A. The United States, while having only 5% of the worlds population consumes 25% of the worlds resources B. Up to 50% of all plants and animals cold become extinct within the next 100 years C. In 1990, 20% of the world's population controlled 80% of the worlds wealth D. The theoretical maximum number of people on Earth that the planet could support is 15 billion E. They are all true statements
E
According to the graph, what is the approximate ANNUAL growth rate of China's aquaculture seafood production from 1990-2010? A. 20% B. 200% C. 400% D. 600%
A
Which would have the largest impact on increasing the carrying capacity for people in a region? A. a majority of people change to a vegetarian diet B. there is a decrease in birth rates due to improved education opportunites for girls C. a large number of people emigrate to a different country D. new cattle-rearing methods result in an increase in beef productions
A
The greatest threat to the success of a species is A. Environmental pollution B. Loss of habitat C. Poaching D. Hunting E. Introduction of new predators into the natural habitat
B
All of the following answer choices are ecological consequences of CAFOs except A. compaction of soil B. groundwater contamination from deep well injection of waste products C. loss of biodiversity D. overuse of antibiotics to keep animals healthy which leads to genetic resistance
B
Desertification can be caused by all of the following EXCEPT A. overgrazing B. crop rotation C. compaction of soil due to agricultural machinery D. irrigation in arid zones
B
A country with a growth rate of 5% has a current population of 10 million people. How many years will it take for that country to reach 80 million? A. 14 million B. 28 million C. 35 years D. 42 years
D
A population of 10,000 people has an annual growth rate of 6.5% What will be the size of the population after 5 years if this growth rate stays the same? A. 12,074 people B. 12,864 people C. 13,250 people D. 13,700 people
D
A population showing a growth rate of 20, 40, 60, 80... would be characteristic of A. Logarithmic growth B. Exponential growth C. Static growth D. Arithmetic (linear) growth E. Power curve growth
D
According to the graph above, all of the following are most likely to be true at point X EXCEPT A. resources are limited B. population density is high C. predators of the species are increasing D. environmental degradation is limited
D
Which of the following is a CORRECT statement in regards to water use? A. Nearly 60% of renewable groundwater resources are consumed to fulfill human needs each year B. Almost all of the world's crops are grown using naturally renewable precipitation, and little water is shifted out of hydrologic cycle by agricultural industries C. Nearly all of the world's surface that receives ample precipitation is being farmed, so the water is being diverted in this way for human use D. thermal power plants are not responsible for much groundwater use and most of the water is returned to the source after being used
D
