Environmental; Science Chapter 5 Study Guide

Which of the following is not a true statement about cellular respiration?

Sugar molecules are its primary products.

Which of the following is not a likely component of soil formed during primary succession?

cast-off parts of shrubs and trees

The bacteria that live within the roots of a soybean plant are a critical part of the nitrogen cycle because they

change atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form.

Which of the following does not contain carbon from the bodies of plants and animals that died millions of years ago?

phosphate salts

What type of succession occurs after a natural process such as a volcanic eruption or flood?

secondary succession

Which of the following plants is likely to be a pioneer species?

shrub

If an insect eats a plant and a bird eats the insect, about how much energy from the plant is stored in the insect for the bird to use?

10 percent

Which statement describes how humans are affecting the balance of carbon in the atmosphere?

Burning fossil fuels in great quantities has increased the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Which of the following statements is not correct?

Consumers get their energy directly from the sun.

Which of the following is one of the largest carbon reservoirs on Earth?

Limestone

Which organism is likely to be in the bottom trophic level of a food chain?

algae

Plants play a crucial role in the carbon cycle because they

allow carbon to enter an ecosystem through photosynthesis.

The energy consumed by organisms

can be stored in fat and sugar molecules.

Which item is a carbon sink and not part of the carbon cycle?

carbon found within limestone rocks

What kind of natural disaster helps some forest communities by allowing some trees to release their seeds, by clearing away deadwood, and by encouraging new growth?

fire

What term is used to refer to the many feeding relationships that are possible in an ecosystem?

food web

Which of the following are photosynthetic organisms?

freshwater algae

Consumers are organisms that

get solar or other energy indirectly.

Which of the following is an example of secondary succession?

growth of plants after a forest is destroyed by fire

Which kind of organism obtains energy only from producers?

herbivores

Succession is possible because

it is a rapid and chaotic process that is very difficult to control.

Which gas makes up 78 percent of our atmosphere but can be used by plants only when transformed by bacteria first?

nitrogen

Which of the following is responsible for making nitrogen in the atmosphere usable by living organisms?

nitrogen-fixing bacteria

What type of vegetation would you expect to find on an abandoned farm that has remained undisturbed for 150 years?

tall, mature oak trees

Where would an ecologist be least likely to go to study primary succession?

the Amazon Rain Forest