EOC Release Questions

12. How do some chemicals increase the risk of a person getting cancer? A. by causing cell mutations B. by causing a deficiency of vitamin D C. by causing an increase of toxins in the skin D. by causing a decrease in the immune response

A

14. Which would be a desirable trait scientists may want to create in a transgenic plant? A. the ability to resist insects B. the ability to grow less fruit C. the ability to change color in the winter D. the ability to use a lot of water

A

24. The chemical colchicine disrupts cell division. Which cell process would most likely stop if colchicine were added to a culture of human liver cells? A. mitosis B. meiosis C. crossing over D. active transport

A

49. During translation, what does the tRNA deliver to the ribosomes? A. amino acids B. DNA C. mRNA D. proteins

A

30. What carries the instructions for making amino acids in a protein? A. the nitrogen base on the tRNA B. the hydrogen bonding between nitrogen bases C. the sequence of nitrogen bases on the mRNA D. the nitrogen base bonding on the DNA molecule

C

37. Multicellular eukaryotic autotrophs belong to which kingdom? A. Animalia B. Fungi C. Plantae D. Protista

C

41. What do both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain? A. membrane-bound organelles B. linear chromosomes C. cytoplasm D. a nucleus

C

59. Which word equation best represents the process of cellular respiration? A. carbon dioxide + glucose -> oxygen + water B. carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen C. glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water D. oxygen + water -> carbon dioxide + glucose

C

5. This diagram represents a closed terrarium exposed to sunlight. What must happen for the carbon cycle to continue in this terrarium? A. All organisms must continue to exchange gases B. The snails must double their production of carbon dioxide C. The plant must produce carbon dioxide at a faster rate D. The decomposers must begin to produce

A

9. Why must DNA replication have to occur before a cell can divide by mitosis? A. to maintain the same number of chromosomes in the daughter cells as in the parents cells B. to cause one of the cells produced to have double the number of chromosomes as the parent cell C. to allow crossing over to occur in each of the cells produced D. to cause all of the cells produced to have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell

A

17. What is the basis for the earliest classification system of organisms?

A. physical characteristics B. differences in habitat C. evolutionary relationships D. reproductive patterns

20. A student noticed that the freshwater plant, Elodea, produced bubbles placed in direct light. What could the student most likely conclude? A. Bubbles of carbon dioxide were produced as a result of photosynthesis B. Bubbles of oxygen were produced as a result of photosynthesis C. Bubbles of carbon dioxide were produced as a result of cellular respiration D. Bubbles of oxygen were produced as a result of cellular respiration

B

28. What activity most contributes to the depletion of the ozone layer? A. burning fossil fuels B. release of CFCs C. deforestation D. overuse of fertilizers

B

39. Which best explains why the rate of a biochemical reaction decreases at high temperatures? A. The activation energy increases B. The shape of the enzyme changes C. The enzyme-substrate complex forms D. The bonds between substrates are broken

B

7. What will most likely occur if the population of the world continues to increase at predicted rates? A. There will be an increase in biodiversity as a result of improvements in technology B. There will be more rapid depletion of natural resources C. The human race will rapidly become extinct D. All human diseases will be eliminated

B

16. Scientists believe that the polar bear in Alaska and the brown bear in Russia evolved from a common ancestor. Which would be responsible for this evolutionary change? A. artificial selection B. asexual reproduction C. sexual competition D. geographic isolation

D

3. This diagram shows a red blood cell in a beaker that contains a solution with a higher salt concentration than that inside the red blood cell. What will happen to the red blood cell in this environment? A. The size of the red blood cell will remain constant B. The red blood cell will swell at first and then shrink C. The red blood cell will swell from absorbing salt molecules D. The red blood cell will shrink from losing water molecules

D

32. Genetically identical plants will produce either pink flowers or blue flowers, depending on the type of soil in which they are planted. What is most likely the explanation for the differences in flower color? A. The flower-color gene in codominant B. Mutations alter the flower-color gene C. The flower-color gene is sex linked D. Environmental factors affect flower color

D

45. Which adaptation do ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms have that mosses do not have? A. chloroplasts B. flowers C. stomata D. vascular tissue

D

48. Why are many farmers encouraged to plant different types of crops on the same land throughout the year? A. It prevents insects from destroying crops B. It provides more food to other countries C. It allows for more generic variation in plants D. It helps to preserve the quality of the soil

D

60. How does the body of a runner keep up with the demand for energy when cellular oxygen levels are low? A. through energy production in the mitochondria B. through aerobic respiration in the plasma membrane C. through ATP produced directly from sunlight D. through anaerobic respiration in the cytoplasm

D