EPSY 229 Final Exam
What percentage of individuals with disabilities who are of working age are employed? 18% 27% 13% 47%
18%
Using intelligence test scores and including students regarded as highly talented as well as those with the potential for superior performance, the prevalence for giftedness is estimated as high as ________. 10-15% l% 25% 3-5%
3-5%
What percentage of adults with disabilities are very satisfied with their quality of life? 54% 25% 34% 76%
34%
In 2005, what percentage of students who received special services in high school enrolled in college? 37% 26% 46% 19%
46%
Speech and language impairments constitute a secondary disability for approximately ________. 20% of students who receive special education services for another primary disability 30% of students who receive special education services for another primary disability 50% of students who receive special education services for another primary disability 60% of students who receive special education services for another primary disability
50% of students who receive special education services for another primary disability
Which of the following students is most likely to have a language disorder? 6-year-old Parker who has an extensive vocabulary, but cannot answer questions. 7-year-old Rodney who speaks in sentences, but can't identify rhyming words. 2-year-old Brad who is just learning to talk. 5-year-old Jasmine who cannot speak English.
6-year-old Parker who has an extensive vocabulary, but cannot answer questions
Preschool activity schedules should include all but which of the following? Outdoor and indoor activities Small and large-group instruction Opportunities to develop and practice new skills A majority of child-initiated activities
A majority of child-initiated activities
Which of the following students is most likely to have problems with reading? Francine, a child with an articulation disorder Abe, a child with a phonological disorder Demetrius, a child with a voice disorder Charlene, a child with a fluency disorder
Abe, a child with a phonological disorder
All of the following exemplify transition as the term is used in early childhood special education except ________. Clyde received services at a preschool for children with disabilities but he is now included in a regular preschool Alvin to goes to lunch after center time Davita received special education services in a Head Start program, and at age 5 she receives services in kindergarten Bianca moves from home-based services to center-based services
Alvin to goes to lunch after center time
Which of the following statements regarding risk factors and emotional and behavior problems is TRUE? Behavioral problems are generally the result of the accumulation of several risk factors. Behavior problems can often be a link to a specific risk factor. Family risk factors are more likely to produce negative outcomes than school factors. Societal risk factors are more likely to produce negative outcomes than family factors.
Behavioral problems are generally the result of the accumulation of several risk
What is primarily to blame for the underrepresentation of students from culturally diverse groups in programs for the gifted and talented? Students in culturally diverse groups lack the qualities of students who are gifted and talented. Biases inherent in the identification process The increasing numbers of culturally diverse students in the school population Reduced numbers of minority students entering fields requiring math and science skills
Biases inherent in the identification process
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding gender and emotional disabilities? Boys and girls are equally likely to have externalizing disorders. Boys are more likely to have externalizing disorders than girls. Boys are more likely to have internalizing disorders than girls. Boys and girls are equally likely to have internalizing disorders.
Boys are more likely to have externalizing disorders than girls
Which of the following children shows signs of a receptive language disorder? Michaela, who says, "G-G-Good m-m-m-morning, M-M-M-Mrs. Little." to the principal. Jayla, who says, "Him sawed the animal." Alyssa, who says "Tanks for the tookie." instead of "Thanks for the cookie." Chelsea, who can't follow a sequence of commands such as "Get your coat." and "Line up."
Chelsea, who can't follow a sequence of commands such as "Get your coat" and "Line up"
Which best describes the treatment and control groups of the Abecedarian Project? Parents receiving consultation from a parent trainer vs. those provided readings on child development Teachers with special early childhood endorsements vs. those without special certification from their state boards of education Children receiving medical, nutritional, and social services vs. those who received the same plus early intervention Children receiving early intervention services in school-based settings vs. those receiving them at home
Children receiving medical, nutritional, and social services vs. those who received the same plus early intervention
Which of the following statements about enclaves is TRUE? Enclave workers receive wages based on their level of productivity. Enclave workers work in a sheltered employment environment. Enclave workers do not need job supports. Enclaves are organized as not-for-profit corporations.
Enclave workers receive wages based on their level of productivity
Which statement best represents the quality of life for people with disabilities? For most people, it is worse now than it was in the past. Most of the problems are due to physical barriers such as inaccessible buildings. For most people, it is better now than it was in the past. People with disabilities have more rights and privileges than those without disabilities.
For most people, it is better now than it was in the past
Mrs. Clyburn is teaching Otis to ask and answer questions during conversations. She knows that this skill will increase his ability to interact with people in his daily environment. Which quality indicator is the focus of this objective? Functionality Instructional context Generality Measurability
Functionality
Which of the following student behaviors best fits the IDEA definition of emotional disturbance? Courtney tells the school nurse that she has been crying every day for a week because her parents are divorced. Maggie responds to teasing one day by throwing a chair through a window. Grace has been depressed and withdrawn for 7 months. Page usually gets excellent grades but since starting fourth grade has been getting C's and D's.
Grace has been depressed and withdrawn for 7 months
Which of the following is an example of BICS? Having a conversation about recess with a friend Participating in an online Discussion Board about the planets Answering computer generated questions to prepare for a quiz Writing a letter to a friend
Having a conversation about recess with a friend
Renzulli's (2003) definition of giftedness is based on the interaction among which three basic clusters of human traits? Creativity, academic aptitude, and athletic aptitude Situated problem-solving ability, academic aptitude, and leadership High intellect, task commitment, and academic aptitude High intellect, creativity, and task commitment
High intellect, creativity, and task commitment
Which is not a type of qualitative assessment tool used for identification of students who are gifted and talented? Portfolio Interview IQ test Observation
IQ test
In which placement alternative, does the speech and language professional deliver service through consultation? In community based In self-contained classrooms In collaboration In pull out
In collaboration
Which is an example of intraindividual differences? Belle has higher scores in math than Tony, but Tony has higher writing and reading scores. Brenna and Deanna take the same analytical abilities test and have vastly different scores. Mia has grade level scores in math, but after receiving tutoring is scoring well above grade level. Jamie has grade level scores in reading and in mathematics scores typical of children four years older.
Jamie has grade level scores in reading and in mathematics scores typical of children four years older
Mrs. Crosby has been asked to evaluate Hector for a possible communication disorder. Hector's family came from Miami but they speak very little English. Mrs. Crosby has assessed Hector in both English and Spanish. What else can she do to be sure that she has adequately measured his true communicative competence? Interview his teachers Interview his parents Administer a third test in Spanish Listen when Hector is involved in authentic conversational behavior
Listen when Hector is involved in authentic conversational behavior
Which of the following best describes a natural cue in a work environment? Madeline hears a beeping sound and removes sandwich buns from the oven. Nicholas cleans the bird cages after the store manager requests that he do so. Gina wears a uniform to her job at McDonalds. Jason looks at a poster to make sure he set a table correctly.
Madeline hears a beeping sound and removes sandwich buns from the oven
Which of the following is an example of an embedded learning activity? Three-year-old Shelby listens to the ABC song and sings it during circle time. Four-year-old Darius eats lunch with peers who are not disabled. Five-year-old Madison learns to tie her shoes, and then teaches a classmate the skill. Melvin works on throwing and catching in occupational therapy so his teacher includes a bean bag game in centers.
Melvin works on throwing and catching in occupational therapy so his teacher includes a bean bag game in centers
Which of the following teachers is likely to have the fewest students with emotional and behavior disorders in class? Mrs. Dubois, a French teacher Mr. Tomko, a chemistry teacher Mr. Koslov, a history teacher Mr. Latta, an algebra teacher
Mrs. Dubois, a French teacher
Which best describes early federal attempts to define giftedness? Multiple forms of giftedness were included in the definition. Multiple talents and creativity were included in the definition. The focus was exclusively on students who scored in the top 2% on standardized intelligence tests. The focus was exclusively on academic aptitude.
Multiple forms of giftedness were included in the definition
What is the kingpin behavior around which other behavioral excesses revolve? Fighting Noncompliance Tantrums Vandalism
Noncompliance
Which of the following has been referred to as the most important legislation enacted for young children with developmental delays? No Child Left Behind P. L. 99-457 Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 P.L. 94-142
P.L. 99-457
Of all the people needed to make early intervention work, who is the most important? Speech therapist Parents/family Early intervention specialist Service coordinator
Parents/family
Which of the following words has a meaning most like ableism? Realism Racism Individualism Idealism
Racism
Which of the following most accurately reflects beliefs about residential treatment facilities for people with disabilities? Residential treatment facilities do not provide a normal lifestyle for people with disabilities. Residential treatment facilities do not provide the kind of 24-hour support needed by people with disabilities. Residential treatment facilities are the best service option for people with disabilities. Residential treatment facilities for people with disabilities should be outlawed.
Residential treatment facilities do not provide a normal lifestyle for people with disabilities
Which best exemplifies acceleration? Carter is given more difficult reading material than her classmates in fourth grade. Coralee, who has mastered the third grade science curriculum, teaches it to others in her class who have not. Desmond studies subject areas not offered at his school, such as comparative religion and quantum physics. Rose, a six-year-old, is in a third grade class because she has mastered first and second grade subject content.
Rose, a six-year-old, is in a third grade class because she has mastered first and second grade subject content
Which of the following meets the definition of competitive employment? Brad stocks shelves at a local grocery store without assistance. He earns $3 an hour. Ariel fills stockings in a sheltered workshop. She earns $.50 for each one she fills. Tanya provides day care during a library program and no longer needs supervision but works to gain experience rather than money. Sarah wipes and clears tables at a local restaurant without supervision. She earns minimum wage.
Sarah wipes and clears tables at a local restaurant without supervision. She earns minimum wage.
Which dimension of language is concerned with the meaning of words and combinations of words? Syntax Morphology Semantics Pragmatics
Semantics
Which is TRUE of early intervention for infants and toddlers? Early intervention services are not provided in all states. Services are mandatory under IDEA for children with disabilities younger than three years. It must be focused upon the child alone as the client. Only children who currently exhibit delays may receive services.
Services are mandatory under IDEA for children with disabilities younger than three years
Which of the following is not an example of a student displaying possible internalizing behavior? Twelve-year-old Ben daily fantasizes that he is a super hero. He refuses to participate in any social or academic interactions but instead all day daydreams about super heroes. Seven-year-old Sophie is constantly out of her seat during all subjects, ignores the teacher, and argues aggressively. Ten-year-old Steven is terrified of fish and each day becomes immobilized and refuses to walk past the aquarium in the hall. Nine-year-old Tameka asks to see the nurse every day, upon arrival to school from home, complaining of a stomach ache.
Seven-year-old Sophie is constantly out of her seat during all subjects, ignores the teacher, and argues aggresively
Darius is 18 months of age. His mother, Mrs. Bluestone, has referred him for a speech evaluation because he says "wike" for "like" and has difficulty with consonant blends such as the str in "street." What common mistake has Darius's mother made? She did not observe him in a variety of settings to see if he had similar problems. She did not listen to enough speech sounds before referring him. She should have tried to assist Darius herself before referring him. She is confusing typical development with articulation errors.
She is confusing typical development with articulation errors.
Which of the following is NOT true about stuttering? Stuttering is situational. Stuttering affects more girls than boys. Stuttering is in some ways least understood. Stuttering occurs more often in twins.
Stuttering affects more girls than boys
What are the primary emphases of Piirto's concept of talent development? Creativity, cultural identity, motivation Superior memory, observational powers, curiosity, creativity and rapid learning Genetics, personality, environmental influences Superior productivity, home/school collaboration, intelligence
Superior memory, observational powers, curiosity, creativity and rapid learning
Which of the following social skills programs includes curriculum materials for children and adolescents? FAST Social Skills The Prepare Curriculum Taking Part The Walker Social Skills Curriculum
The Walker Social Skills Curriculum
Which of the following statements about sheltered employment is TRUE? Most special educations consider placement in sheltered workshops as an appropriate transition outcome for students with disabilities. Many people in sheltered workshops eventually obtain jobs in the community. The theoretical purpose of sheltered workshops is to provide employment training for people with disabilities People from sheltered workshops who obtain community employment retain their jobs over time.
The theoretical purpose of sheltered workshops is to provide employment training for people with disabilities
Current best practices guidelines for early childhood services calls for which approach to the delivery of related services? Multidisciplinary Transdisciplinary Intradisciplinary Interdisciplinary
Transdisciplinary
Which of the following is not a condition required to qualify for an emotional disturbance? Severity Chronicity Difficulty in school Visibility
Visibility
Which is the best example of enrichment? Since Lynn already knows the algebra content covered in the first 8 weeks in class, she is allowed to begin with content usually introduced later. Jewel is 14 years old, but is allowed to enroll in college courses. With a teacher's guidance, Dale researches, designs, and builds a robot. Tosha is given extra reading and math problems because she always finishes early.
With a teacher's guidance, Dale researches, and builds a robot
Which of these statements about the identification of students with emotional and behavior disorders is most accurate? Adolescents are more difficult to identify because they hide their problems. Systematic assessment methods are used by all schools for identification. Young children are more difficult to identify. Children with internalizing problems are the first to be identified.
Young children are more difficult to identify
Which of the following is an example of an informal transition assessment? An academic skills assessment An independent living assessment An adaptive behavior inventory A curriculum-based assessment
a curriculum-based assessment
Seth works for a large landscaping service along with coworkers who also have disabilities. They have support on the job from a supported employment specialist. This is known as ________. a small business enterprise customized employment competitive employment a mobile work crew
a mobile work crew
Which describes the term "developmentally appropriate practice" (DAP)? A philosophy and practice guidelines for basing teaching on what is typically expected of and experienced by children of different ages and stages. A curriculum-based assessment technique for deciding on intervention strategies. A procedural safeguard in IDEA that applies to assessment and identification in early childhood special education. A philosophy and guidelines promoting the concepts of inclusion and natural learning environments (e.g., home) in early childhood.
a philosophy and practice guidelines for basing teaching on what is typically expected of and experienced by children of different ages and stages
Maker characterizes a person who is gifted as ________. highly talented a problem solver extremely creative an individual with an IQ score two standard deviations above the mean
a problem solver
QUESTION 27 Which of the following is one of the longest running and most carefully controlled and respected study on early intervention? a. The Abecedarian Project b. The Milwaukee Project c. The Skeels and Dye Project d. The Infant Health and Development Program
a. The Abecedarian Project
Which of the following is the most recent type of special school, in some states, for students who are gifted and talented? a. Charter schools for the gifted and talented b. High schools for gifted girls c. Magnet schools in urban areas d. High schools for the visual and performing arts
a. charter schools for the gifted and talented
Mrs. Abraham teaches second grade. She is concerned about Sammy's behavior. He is unable to read grade-level text. He disrupts class during reading by cursing and screaming when he is asked to read. Which of the following is an evidence-based strategy most likely to improve Sammy's behavior? a. Providing explicit and systematic instruction to improve his reading deficits. b. Punishing Sammy when he disrupts reading. c. Sending Sammy to the principal when the behavior occurs. d. Having Sammy to complete an easier task than other students during reading.
a. providing explicit and systematic instruction to improve his reading deficits
Teachers most often ask questions at which level of Bloom's taxonomy? a. Remember and understand b. Remember and apply c. Remember and create d. Understand and create
a. remember and understand
Monica's teacher has taught her to use a self-management strategy to control her blurting out in class. Her teacher has agreed to let her have extra time in the listening center if she has fewer than 5 blurt outs during morning work. Monica has been instructed to color the circle on her chart green if she has met the goal. On Thursday after morning work, Monica holds up a green circle and smiles at her teacher. The form of self-management described in this scenario is ________. a. self-evaluation b. self-determination c. self-reinforcement d. self-monitoring
a. self-evaluation
Home-based early intervention services may be least effective for ________. a. teenage mothers b. mothers with college degrees c. mothers who live in rural areas d. mothers with more than two children
a. teenage mothers
Behavior intervention plans are required for students with disabilities ________. a. who have behavior issues that adversely affect school performance b. who have been suspended from school c. who are placed in segregated settings. d. who require special education
a. who have behavior issues that adversely affect school performance
According to the National Longitudinal Transition Study 2 (NLTS2), which adults with disabilities were least likely to participate in social activities outside of work? Adults with hearing impairments Adults with emotional and behavioral disabilities Adults with intellectual disabilities Adults with attention deficit disorder
adults with intellectual disabilities
A summary of performance (SOP) is required for ________. all students who exit special education by graduating or exceeding age requirements all students over the age of 16 in special education all students who exit special education by dropping out of school all high school students in special education
all students who exit special education by graduating or exceeding age requirements
Which best characterizes the primary difference between an IFSP and an IEP? An IFSP is less restrictive. An IFSP is more family-centered. An IFSP focuses on short-term goals. An IFSP requires increased accountability.
an IFSP is more family-centered
A loss of the ability to process and use language is known as ________. aphasia apraxia dyslexia dysarthria
aphasia
All of the following tests are components of a comprehensive evaluation to identify communication disorders except ________. articulation hearing language function aptitude
aptitude
In the Lidcombe Program, children who stutter ________. are praised for fluent speech are taught to prolong troublesome sounds are taught to speak to a rhythmic beat are praised for maintaining eye contact
are praised for fluent speech
Screening tests for emotional and behavior disorders ________. are usually rating scales or checklists are usually completed by a school psychologist are used to determine eligibility for special education are often unreliable with questionable validity
are usually rating scales or checklists
Disparate rates of social, emotional, intellectual, and physical growth and development experienced by some children who are gifted is called ________. precocity asynchrony acceleration developmental lag
asynchrony
Maria is a high school student with a disability. She is very interested in hair and makeup and has expressed a desire to work in a beauty salon after she graduates. Which of the following would be the least appropriate transition service for her? Attending classes in beauty culture at a vocational school Passing a beautician licensing exam Work-based experience with a local beautician Attending art classes to learn to mix colors
attending art classes to learn to mix colors
The Apgar scale is basically used as ________. a. a measure of physical development b. a screening test to identify high-risk infants c. an evaluation for developmental delays d. a screening test for metabolic disorders
b. a screening test to identify high-risk infants
As most commonly used, in the early childhood and special education literature, the term "early intervention" refers to services provided to children ages ________. a. 3 to 5 years b. birth through 2 years c. birth to 9 years d. birth to 5 years
b. birth through 2 years
Which of the following activities would be at the highest level of Bloom's taxonomy? a. Evaluating Goldilocks's decision to enter a house without permission. b. Designing a new chair for Baby Bear that is unbreakable. c. Acting out what happened when the bears found Goldilocks. d. Discussing what happened to Goldilocks at the Bears' house.
b. designing a new chair for Baby Bear that is unbreakable
Four-year-old Darrell is participating in comprehensive assessments in adaptive, cognitive, language, motor, and social development to determine whether or not he needs early intervention services or special education. What is the most likely purpose of these assessments? a. screening b. determining eligibility for service c. individualized planning d. progress monitoring
b. determining eligibility for service
Children with emotional and behavior problems are more likely to come from homes in which ________. a. supervision is constant b. discipline is harsh c. spoiling is the norm d. space is limited
b. discipline is harsh
Identification and placement of children who are gifted and talented from diverse racial, ethnic, and cultural groups ________. a. is addressed in the federal legislation for the gifted b. is a persistent and pervasive problem in education c. was an issue resolved in the last decade, as these groups are served in proportion similar to that of other population groups d. is addressed in local and state mandates
b. is a persistent and pervasive problem in education
Which is not descriptive of Maker's (2005) DISCOVER assessment procedure? a. It "levels the playing field" for students from culturally diverse grounds. b. It has been found to be inequitable when used with girls. c. It includes tasks which require both convergent and divergent thinking. d. It involves increasingly more complex problem-solving tasks.
b. it has been found to be inequitable when used with girls
Mrs. Gonzales is evaluating Maria for a possible communication disorder. She asks Maria a series of open-ended questions to evaluate her expressive speech. This type of assessment is known as a ________. a. case history b. language sample c. language application d. functional analysis
b. language sample
Which of the following is NOT a core principle of developmentally appropriate practice (DAP)? a. teaching must be intentional to be effective b. learning must involve all of the senses c. knowledge must inform decision making d. goals must be challenging and attainable
b. learning must involve all of the senses
Jake is a high school student. After-school conversations with friends include the use of slang words and may include telling of a "dirty joke." When Jake arrives at his grandparents' house he uses standard English and says "ma'am" and "sir" when addressing them. This ability to adjust language represents skill in ________. a. morphology b. pragmatics c. phonology d. semantics
b. pragmatics
All of the following are characteristics that may be exhibited by students who are gifted except ________. a. early moral and existential concerns b. resistance to multiple or opposing points of view c. perfectionism and the need for precision d. fascination with basic words and simple ideas
b. resistance to multiple or opposing points of view
Which of the following is NOT an element, listed by the authors of the textbook, that makes puppets delightful to most young children? a. Their larger than life expressions b. Their vivid colors c. Their interesting textures d. Their technological component
b. their technological component
Which of the following is not a drawback to providing a job coach for people with disabilities? a. The supported employee may interact mainly with the job coach rather than other employees. b. They gradually reduce the level of direct onsite training and support. c. The supported employee may behave differently with the job coach. d. They can disrupt the natural work setting.
b. they gradually reduce the level of direct onsite training and support
Twice exceptional means ________. being gifted academically and also talented being gifted and talented but unidentified because of gender being gifted and talented and having a disability being in the top 1% on the bell curve of IQ and achievement test scores
being gifted and talented and having a disability
Group homes are the most common living arrangement for ________. a. adults with severe physical disabilities b. adolescents with emotional and behavioral disabilities c. adults with intellectual disabilities d. adults with emotional and behavioral disabilities
c. adults with intellectual disabilities
Which of the following is a proactive management strategy? a. Having unregulated transition times b. Posting ambiguous rules and expectations c. Allowing students opportunities to make choices d. Seating difficult students in the back of the room
c. allowing students opportunities to make choices
Which is not a suggested way to create a supportive physical environment for young children with disabilities? a. Provide an open area for large group activities. b. Arrange equipment so students can move between areas easily. c. Designate an adult to locate and retrieve materials to maintain order. d. Locate quiet areas together away from the flow of traffic.
c. designate an adult to locate and retrieve materials to maintain order
All of the following are true regarding therapy for phonological errors EXCEPT ________________. a. sounds are not taught in isolation b. the child is taught to recognize differences between minimally contrastive words c. it is incompatible with therapy for articulation errors d. the therapist and child give and receive directions
c. it is incompatible with therapy for articulation errors
Which best characterizes the position of the National Association for Gifted and Talented Children on ability grouping for students who are gifted? a. It damages the self-esteem of struggling students. b. It is undemocratic and racist. c. It is necessary to achieve the least restrictive environment. d. It creates an elitist group of students with inflated egos.
c. it is necessary to achieve the least restrictive environment
Danielle is not identified as a student who is gifted or talented but has opportunities to participate in some challenging activities for which she shows serious interest. Which model is being used? a. Problem-based learning b. Ability grouping c. Schoolwide enrichment d. Active problem solving
c. schoolwide enrichment
How are IDEA regulations for service to young children similar to those for school-age children? a. the regulations specify that IEPs for children in both groups must include suggestions for parents b. children in both groups must be labeled with a specific disability to receive services c. the regulations specify who must receive services d. outside agencies may have contracted to provide services to both groups
c. the regulations specify who must receive services
1. Which of the following is a disadvantage of center-based programs? a. Provision of intensive instruction b. Availability of a team of professionals c. Transportation expenses incurred d. Inclusion of typical peers
c. transportation expenses incurred
Teachers who exhibit differential acceptance for students with emotional and behavior problems ________. a. like some students better than others b. justify angry and aggressive student behavior as part of the disability c. witness anger and aggression without becoming angry or aggressive d. accept some inappropriate behaviors but not others
c. witness anger and aggression without becoming angry or aggressive
Mrs. Sawyer is a general education teacher with a class of 26 students. Six of those students have been identified as gifted and talented. Mr. Lucas, a teacher who is certified in teaching students who are gifted and talented, spends one fourth of his time providing differentiated instruction to these students in the general education classroom. This arrangement is known as ________. cluster performance grouping like ability cooperative learning groups dual differentiation cluster ability grouping
cluster ability grouping
What is the first challenge that teachers of students with behavior disorders face when they try to use a group process to modify behaviors? Creating a sense of group solidarity Teaching students to accept responsibility for their actions Finding appropriate role models Getting students to follow directions
creating a sense of group solidarity
Which of the following is not true regarding the problems that boys, who are gifted and talented, encounter? Many boys feign interest in sports letting their desires go unfulfilled. Many boys act in inappropriate ways to avoid bullying. Creative behavior in boys, and careers in the arts, is encouraged. Many boys intentionally underachieve.
creative behavior in boys, and careers in the arts, is encouraged
An IFSP must be reviewed with the family of a child receiving early intervention services ____________. a. every 3 months b. once a year c. once a month d. every 6 months
d. every 6 months
Mr. Tozzi teaches job skills to high school students with disabilities. However, his students are able to go to work in a community restaurant only one day a week. Mr. Tozzi does not want his students to forget what they learned. How can he maximize the effectiveness of their on-the-job training? a. He can invite a restaurant manager to speak to the students. b. He can discuss their work experiences in class. c. He can take the students on a field trip to Pizza Hut. d. He can simulate work experiences in the classroom.
d. he can stimulate work experience in the classroom
Why is it difficult to develop a clear definition of emotional disabilities? a. Emotional and behavior disorders usually occur in isolation. b. Most children are well behaved. c. There is a clear definition of what constitutes good mental health. d. Norms for appropriate behavior differ across cultures.
d. norms for appropriate behavior differ across cultures
All of the following are models of supported employment except ________. a. small business enterprise b. clustered placement c. mobile work crews d. sheltered work environments
d. sheltered work environments
Curriculum for students with emotional disabilities should focus on ________. developing vocational skills and treating maladaptive behaviors developing personal, academic, and social skills developing academic and vocational skills before treating maladaptive behaviors treating maladaptive behaviors before developing academic skills
developing personal, academic, and social skills
Which of the following statements about dialects is most accurate? Dialects are severe forms of communication disorders that require intensive intervention. Dialects are more common in English than in other languages. Dialects are linguistically correct within the rules that govern them. Dialects should usually be considered to be inferior to Standard English.
dialects are linguistically correct within the rules that govern them
Cherell is a 9th grader who is experiencing some difficulties at school. She has been sent to the principal's office for slapping a classmate. She tearfully tells the principal that she is tired of being teased by other students who claim that she sounds like a man when she talks. The term used to describe the quality of Cherell's voice is ________. cluttering dysphonia denasality disnomia
dysphonia
Which term best applies to looking and planning for ways to include brief, systematic instructional interactions, focusing on IEP objectives, in the context of typical classroom activities? Discovery learning Direct teaching Embedded learning Optimal learning
embedded learning
Individualized transition plans (ITPs) specify postsecondary goals in the areas of ________. adaptive behavior, child rearing, and interpersonal skills functional behavior, academic performance, and socialization employment, postsecondary education or training, and independent living skills accessibility, community involvement, and family
employment, postsecondary education or training, and independent living skills
Which of the following represents the most appropriate way to develop career awareness and vocational skills for students during the early elementary years? Developing a school-based business Feeding the class pet Learning to count money and give change Shadowing a cafeteria worker to learn about his/her job
feeding the class pet
A child with a communication disorder is eligible for special education services when the disorder ________. has become worse despite the use of research-based interventions has persisted for at least three years is evident when the child enters school has an adverse effect on learning
has an adverse effect on learning
Self-advocacy in adults with intellectual disabilities ________. is impossible has been enhanced by Internet resources and tools has increased sharply in the last decade is hindered by a lack of motivation
has been enhanced by Internet resources and tools
Tamara is three days old and weighs almost 2 pounds. Her parents just learned that she has Down syndrome. What is the most likely setting for her early intervention services? Center based Hospital based Home based Combined home—center based
hospital based
Benefits of active recreation for adults with disabilities include all of the following except ________. increasing satisfaction with life improvements in overall health and vitality increasing ability to maintain a job improvements in academic ability
improvements in academic ability
All of the following factors contribute to the vagueness of the definition of emotional disturbance except ________. inclusion of five different problems as qualifications differing degrees of tolerance for misbehavior varying expectations among parents and educators using terminology such as inappropriate and satisfactory
inclusion of five different problems as qualifications
Mr. Shaffer is a high school history teacher. He is very concerned about Rafael, one of his students. Rafael exhibits aggressive behavior in class, and episodes are becoming more frequent. Mr. Shaffer has decided to conduct a functional behavior assessment to determine why Rafael is so aggressive. He meets with Rafael's parents and two of his teachers to determine which situations provoke aggressive behavior and solicit suggestions for keeping Rafael calm. Mr. Shaffer is conducting a/an ________. integrated functional behavior assessment indirect functional behavior assessment descriptive functional behavior assessment functional analysis
indirect functional behavior assessment
The Infant Health and Development Program focused on ________. infants at risk for language delays infants who were premature or of low birth weight infants at risk of inadequate nutrition infants who had conditions that caused developmental delays
infants who were premature or of low birth weight
Which did the landmark Skeels and Dye (1939) study conclude? Certain inherited traits place children at risk for developing later disabilities. Early intervention is not helpful for children with disabilities. Intelligence is not fixed. Parental involvement in intervention is crucial.
intelligence is not fixed
Which of the following statements regarding interagency collaboration and transition is TRUE? Interagency collaboration is required before transition goals and activities can be implemented. Interagency collaboration during transition has been difficult in most states. Interagency collaboration is critical to the success of transition. Interagency collaboration during transition is mandated under No Child Left Behind.
interagency collaboration is critical to the success of transition
Which of the following is not a process involved in the production of speech? Articulation Resonation Intonation Respiration
intonation
What is one advantage of the definition of emotional disturbance proposed by the CCBD? It ignores cultural and ethnic influences on behavior. It identifies age-appropriate behavior. It increases the chance of early identification and intervention. It clarifies the social dimension of the disability.
it increases the chance of early identification and intervention
Which of the following statements about self-management is most accurate? It has not been useful for students with emotional or behavioral disabilities. It promotes maintenance and generalization of new behaviors. It has mainly been used for students with health challenges. It is a tool for identification.
it promotes maintenance and generalization of new behaviors
Which best characterizes the 1993 federal definition of gifted and talented presented in the "National Excellence" report? Its primary criterion is intellectual ability. It added psychomotor talent as a criterion for eligibility. It eliminated the term creative as it did not indicate developing ability. It required demonstrated high performance capability.
it required demonstrated high performance capability
According to Halpern, what should the primary focus of transition services be? Adult employment Living successfully in the community Graduation Access to adult services
living successfully in the community
Shelly and Sabrina are adults with disabilities. They live together in an apartment and are able to take care of themselves. They also perform routine household tasks. Once or twice a week Mrs. Nelson stops by to check on them and help as needed. Once, a neighbor was disturbing them by playing loud music, and Mrs. Nelson helped them contact the landlord. This type of living arrangement is known as a/an ________. co-residence apartment apartment cluster maximum independence apartment group home
maximum independence apartment
The smallest elements of language that carry meaning are called ________. phonemes words morphemes syllables
morphemes
Nicole tells her older brother that Mom need some "leach" from the store before she can wash his socks. Nicole's speech error is known as a/an ________. addition substitution omission distortion
omission
Developmental domains include areas such as ________. physical, cognitive, communication, social home, center, school, community nutrition, medical, parent involvement, school intervention health, welfare, well-being, education
physical, cognitive, communication, social
Which of the following is a variable, identified by the authors of the textbook, as a concern for girls who are gifted and talented? General encouragement for careers in math and science curriculum Lack of parental and community role models Poor academic choices and poor self-concept Lack of female geniuses as role models
poor academic choices and poor self-concept
Mrs. Gardner is using a peer support strategy to motivate her students to behave more appropriately. Students have been asked to watch their classmates and catch them being good. Mrs. Gardner praises students who have noticed and reported positive behavior. Which of the following strategies is she using? Peer tutoring Peer monitoring Peer support and confrontation Positive peer reporting
positive peer reporting
Which is not an example of an "established risk condition"? fragile X syndrome Down syndrome premature birth fetal alcohol syndrome
premature birth
Mrs. Robinson is a speech-language pathologist. She asks one of her students to look into a mirror and say the word "working." This technique is helpful with ________. fluency discrimination phonology production
production
Appropriate curricular approaches for educating students who are gifted and talented include all of the following except ________. progressive filtering enrichment acceleration differentiation
progressive filtering
An approach toward identification of children who are gifted and talented that is recommended by equity minded educators in gifted education is best described as ________. a nomination system progressive filtering approach group analysis standardized test administration
progressive filtering approach
Mrs. Byrd is a middle school English teacher. She has just learned that Carla, a new student in her class, has an emotional disability. She wants to keep confrontations and classroom disruptions at a minimum. Mrs. Byrd should ________. avoid calling on Carla unless she raises her hand provide challenging tasks to prevent boredom provide easy tasks to prevent frustration provide explicit and systematic instruction
provide explicit and systematic instruction
All of the following are strategies that help students with disabilities succeed in postsecondary environments except ________. training students to use assistive technology to access and manipulate content providing exposure to increasingly rigorous content at the secondary level providing an IEP for college training students to use learning strategies to solve new content
providing an IEP for college
The most prevalent method of service delivery to students who receive speech/language services is ________. pull-out collaborative consultation community based classroom based
pull-out
The three components of augmentative and alternative communication are ________. representational set, means of selection, means of transmission no-tech, low-tech, high-tech aided, unaided, cooperative pictures, sounds, words
representational set, means of selection, means of transmission
Tammy's teacher tells her that she will be in hot water if she doesn't stop talking. Tammy says "I will be good! Please don't burn me!" This confusion probably reflects a problem with ________. syntax pragmatics morphology semantics
semantics
The most common type of vocational activity for people with severe disabilities is ________. competitive employment home employment sheltered employment supported employment
sheltered employment
Which of the following conditions is excluded from the IDEA definition of emotional disturbance? Bipolar disorder Schizophrenia Social maladjustment Depression
social maladjustment
Which step in curriculum compacting is usually the most difficult for teachers? Assessing the target content areas Substituting more appropriate content Determining the content to be eliminated Determining which students qualify for compacting
substituting more appropriate content
An approach that helps people with disabilities live in the community as independently as possible is known as ________. supported living assisted living transitional living embedded living
supported living
A person who engages in intraindividual communication ________. talks to a large group of people talks to himself/herself talks to more than one person talks to a single person
talks to himself/herself
Which of the following is the most accurate regarding teachers' use of praise with students who have emotional or behavioral disorders? Teachers generally use less praise statements and more statements of disapproval or reprimands. Teachers tend to praise students too frequently. Special education teachers use praise statements more frequently than general education teachers. Teacher praise statements decline each year after second grade.
teachers generally use less praise statements and more statements of disapproval or reprimands
All of the following are advantages to using the DISCOVER model to identify giftedness in culturally diverse children except ________. equitable percentages of children from all cultures are identified children identified make gains that are the same as or greater than those children identified using traditional tests the children identified closely resemble the cultural characteristics of the dominant culture the process is equally effective for boys and girls
the children identified closely resemble the cultural characteristics of the dominant culture
Which of the following is TRUE regarding languages? Languages are made up of concrete symbols. The symbols and rules that govern languages are arbitrary. Languages are static. The codes that constitute languages are informal.
the symbols and rules that govern language are arbitrary
Which of the following need not be considered when deciding what items to include in a child's augmentative vocabulary? What peers are saying The vocabulary that the student is currently using The vocabulary that is needed in school and in the community The words his/her parents can pronounce
the word his/her parents can pronounce
The Milwaukee project targeted children at risk for developmental delays because of ________. their mothers' level of intelligence their mothers' history of child abuse or neglect prematurity or low birth weight prenatal exposure to drugs or alcohol
their mother's level of intelligence
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding students who display antisocial behaviors at an early age? They are likely to pursue a college degree after graduation from high school. They are likely to outgrow these behaviors by adulthood. They are likely to engage in delinquent behavior in adolescence. They are likely to develop fears in adolescence.
they are likely to engage in delinquent behavior in adolescence
Which of the following statements about speech-sound errors is TRUE? They result from a defect in the operation of the speech apparatus. Treatments to address them are relatively simple. They result from problems recognizing or processing the sounds of language. Treatments must be implemented before the age of 7.
they result from problems recognizing or processing the sounds of language.
Mrs. Stewart provides a basic lesson on figurative language. All students are expected to identify examples of similes and metaphors. Some students are expected to generate examples of similes and metaphors and others are expected to identify and generate more complex examples of figurative language. This approach to differentiation is known as ________. tiered lessons response to intervention advanced placement curriculum compacting
tiered lessons
Work activity centers provide all of the following except ________. training in recreation training in task persistence and concentration training in independent living skills training n social skills and self-help skills
training in independent living skills
For students who are twice exceptional, which of the following is NOT recommended for supporting their social and emotional needs? Encourage students to succeed Use conventional or nontraditional measurement tools as well as nonverbal measurement Provide support in establishing and maintaining friendships Teach strategies for coping with frustrations
use conventional or nontraditional measurement tools as well as nonverbal measurement
Schoolwide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports ________. is conceptualized from a punishment perspective is used only by administrators use research-based interventions to teach appropriate behaviors is a new method for improving school safety
use research-based interventions to teach appropriate behaviors
All of the following are causes of emotional disabilities except ________. differences in temperament genetic factors vitamin deficiencies brain dysfunction
vitamin deficiencies
Which statement best exemplifies current research on the importance of early intervention? "Early intervention is unnecessary. Most children outgrow problems." "The earlier the intervention, the better." "Early intervention is effective as long as services start in the first grade." "Only children, of parents who are deaf, need intensive early intervention to grow and develop."
"The earlier the intervention, the better"