Esthetics: Chapter 1-13 Midterm
Virus-infected cells, foreign cells, and cancer cells are all combated by ___________________. A) T cells B) corneocytes C) leukocytes D) Langerhans immune cells
A) T cells
Wet disinfectants should be filled and changed _______________. A) according to the manufacturer's instructions B) according to the policy of the spa C) when they are empty D) after every use
A) according to the manufacturer's instructions
What are peptides used for? A) anti-aging purpose B) ingredient delivery C) hair removal D) fillers
A) anti-aging purpose
What is the best advice to an esthetician who is starting out and wants to know what products to work with? A) become familiar with the extent to which the manufacturer offers education and marketing support B) don't waste too much time choosing a product, as all product lines are essentially the same C) focus on the products which have the best results D) choose the least expensive products
A) become familiar with the extent to which the manufacturer offers education and marketing support
The theory of esthetics is a necessary part of the daily work of a(n) _________________. A) educator B) brow specialist C) clinical esthetician D) state examiner
A) educator
What is characteristic of Renaissance? A) eyebrows and hairlines were shaved or tweezed to show a greater expanse of the forehead B) modesty was greatly valued, and makeup and showy clothing were discouraged except in the theater C) public baths were common D) women bathed in strawberries and milk and used extravagant cosmetic preparations
A) eyebrows and hairlines were shaved and tweezed to show a greater expanse of the forehead
The name of the fluid that bathes and surrounds the cells and provides them with nutrients is _____________. A) interstitial fluid B) bile C) blood D) lymph
A) interstitial fluid
What is true of actinic keratosis? A) it can be precancerous B) it is indicated by absence of visible pores C) it is also known as telangiectasia D) it is caused by hormonal imbalances
A) it can be precancerous
The way esthetics might be delivered in the near future likely will include ___________________. A) more at-home consultations B) fewer visits to offices C) a reduction of services offered in day spas D) a dependence on more invasive technology
A) more at-home consultations
In order to best increase efficiency, a technician should A) practice pre- and post-service techniques B) observe other estheticians C) speak to clients about their needs D) review written materials frequently
A) practice pre- and post-service techniques
What is a defining characteristic of grade III acne? A) redness and inflammation, many comedones, papules, and pustules B) many close comedones and more open comedones C) cysts with comedones, papules, pustules, and inflammation D) minor breakouts, mostly open comedones
A) redness and inflammation, many comedones, papules, and pustules
What function of the skin is connected is connected the most closely to stress reduction in older adults? A) sensation B) protection C) heat regulation D) excretion
A) sensation
What system provides the clearest structural framework to makeup application? A) skeletal system B) integumentary system C) muscular system D) endocrine system
A) skeletal system
What does the term digestion refer to? A) the breakdown of food by mechanical and chemical means B) the circulation of blood from the heart throughout the body C) the process of moving food along the digestive tract D) the transport of food into the circulatory system
A) the breakdown of food by mechanical and chemical means
The most important aspect of a treatment room is ______________. A) the room's cleanliness B) that it is well stocked C) that it is large D) that it is relaxing
A) the room's cleanliness
What is true of gluten-free cosmetics? A) they have less than 20 parts per million (PPM) of gluten B) they are not regulated as such by the FDA C) they are medically necessary for people with celiac disease D) they must also be labeled organic
A) they have less than 20 parts per million (PPM) of gluten
Where is a bolster placed to support a client during a facial? A) under the knees B) under the lower back C) under the feet D) under the neck
A) under the knees
A small, flat colored spot on the skin is known as ____________. A) lentigo B) a macule C) a nevus D) fissure
B) a macule
The cell that produces skin pigment granules in the basal layer is called _____________. A) a keratinocyte B) a melanocyte C) melanin D) a melanosome
B) a melanocyte
Pink or flesh-colored precancerous lesions that feel sharp or rough and are a result of sun damage are called ________________. A) ephelides B) actinic keratoses C) comedones D) lentigines
B) actinic keratoses
All of the following products may be a good choice for the decollete EXCEPT _______________. A) antioxidants B) alpha hydroxy acids C) growth factor serums D) additional moisture
B) alpha hydroxy acids
What are open comedones? A) whiteheads that are blocked and do not have follicular openings B) blackheads caused by a buildup of debris, oil, and dead skin cells C) rough areas on the skin resulting from sun exposure D) hardened, pearl-like masses of oil and dead skin cells
B) blackheads caused by a buildup of debris, oil, and dead skin cells
How is the actual monetary value of a product BEST determined? A) the purchase price as compared to over-the-counter products B) breaking the purchase price down into a weekly budget C) the smallest markup from wholesale to retail D) the popularity of the product
B) breaking the purchase price down into a weekly budget
What system controls both mental activities and facial expressions? A) peripheral nervous system B) central nervous system C) lymphatic system D) muscular system
B) central nervous system
The integumentary system _________________. A) supports the skeleton tissue B) contains sensory receptors C) consists of the cranial nerves D) destroys disease-causing microorganisms
B) contains sensory receptors
What skin type has an appearance that lacks luminosity? A) oily B) dry C) normal D) combination
B) dry
What characterizes the condition known as acne? A) white irregular patches of skin B) excess sebum production C) inflammation, dry or oily crusting, and itchiness D) groups of red blisters that form a rash in a ring or line
B) excess sebum production
In an express facial, the most time-consuming procedure is ___________. A) skin analysis B) exfoliation C) cleansing D) massage
B) exfoliation
Exhalation is the process of ________________. A) moving food along the digestive tract B) expelling carbon dioxide from the lungs C) building up larger molecules from smaller ones D) sending blood from the heart to the lungs
B) expelling carbon dioxide from the lungs
Individuals who pay a fee to use a company name in facilities which are ____________________. A) full-service spas B) franchised salons C) medical spas D) resort spas
B) franchised salons
Which is necessary for all skin care professionals who work with products? A) recommend the most profitable products their salon has to offer B) have a thorough understanding of the chemical formulation of each product C) have an advanced degree in biochemistry D) have personal relationships with salespeople in the industry
B) have a thorough understanding of the chemical formulation of each product
What is a result of albinism? A) seborrhea B) hypopigmentation C) keratosis D) hyperpigmentation
B) hypopigmentation
What characterizes seborrheic dermatitis? A) clusters of small blisters or crusty lesions filled with bacteria B) inflammation, dry or oily scaling or crusting, and/or itchiness C) red patches covered with white-silver scales D) flat, nonpalpable changes in skin color
B) inflammation, dry or oily scaling or crusting, and/or itchiness
SDSs are _________________. A) a class of sanitizers B) information forms about products C) state inspection records D) standards for ergonomic efficiency
B) information forms about products
When is oxygen absorbed into the blood? A) exhalation B) inhalation C) digestion D) ingestion
B) inhalation
What does muscle tissue do? A) it provides the pathway for messages to and from the brain B) it contracts and moves the various parts of the body C) it provides a protective covering for body cavities and the surfaces of organs D) it supports, protects, and binds together other tissues of the body
B) it contracts and moves the various parts of the body
What is true of all hair on the human body? A) it can be seen with the naked eye B) it is an appendage of the skin C) it has nerve endings D) it has sensation
B) it is an appendage of the skin
An esthetician's nails must be ___________. A) lightly polished B) kept short C) stylishly polished D) a reflection of the style and color scheme of the salon
B) kept short
The condition that presents as redness and bumpiness in the cheeks or upper arms is called _______________. A) keratoma B) keratosis pilaris C) hyperkeratosis D) psoriasis
B) keratosis pilaris
When people age, fluctuations in hormones related to the reproductive system cause ________________. A) increase in elastin B) loss of collagen C) anemia D) osteoporosis
B) loss of collagen
Neurons are made up of _____________. A) muscles B) nerves C) epithelial tissue D) connective tissue
B) nerves
What term does not refer to a cosmetic ingredient or product that may be less likely to cause allergic reactions? A) hypoallergenic B) noncomedogenic C) dermatologist tested D) nonirritating
B) noncomedogenic
Afferent nerves is another term for ___________. A) efferent nerves B) sensory nerves C) motor nerves D) secretory nerves
B) sensory nerves
Small outgrowths or extensions of the skin that look like flaps are called ______________. A) lesions B) skin tags C) moles D) keratomas
B) skin tags
Redness and distended capillaries caused by a weakening of the capillary walls are a condition called ________________. A) keratosis B) telangiectasia C) erythema D) milia
B) telangiectasia
The T-zone refers to ________________. A) the area at the top of the thighs B) the center of the face C) the throat D) the area above the trapezius muscle
B) the center of the face
Excretion is a function of the skin's _________________. A) sebaceous glands B) the sudoriferous glands C) the adrenal glands D) the thyroid glands
B) the sudoriferous glands
What is generally true of the skin care industry's opinion of facials? A) they are luxuries B) they are essential C) they are potential source of stress for clients D) they are ineffective
B) they are essential
What is true of online sales of professional products? A) they always authorized by the manufacturer B) they are potentially dangerous C) they are a helpful resource for estheticians D) they are generally frowned upon by the manufacturer
B) they are potentially dangerous
An esthetician should determine the ideal type of work setting __________________. A) through working at several different salons and spas for short amounts of time B) through visiting a wide variety of salons and spas C) by seeing which salons or spas are the most popular with clients D) by determining which salons have the lowest employee turnover
B) through visiting a wide variety of salons and spas
What is contraindicated for a client who is taking oral steroids? A) massage B) waxing C) products with salicylic acid D) treatments that require a grounding pad
B) waxing
What culture is best known for finding remedies and grooming aids from the materials in their natural environment? A) Japan B) Rome C) Africa D) China
C) Africa
The level of SPF that blocks the highest amount of UVB rays but does NOT contain high amounts of chemical sunscreen ingredients is _______. A) SPF 15 B) SPF 30 C) SPF 50 D) SPF 100
C) SPF 50
What does the term subcutaneous layer refer to? A) a thin, protective covering with many nerve endings B) a layer composed mostly of collagen and elastin C) a protective cushion and energy storage for the body D) the support layer of connective tissues
C) a protective cushion and energy storage for the body
Hyperpigmentation is a condition that describes __________________. A) a pigmented nevus B) a change in pigmentation due to melanin production C) an overproduction of pigment D) a lack of pigment
C) an overproduction of pigment
Cosmetology has its origin in ______________. A) ancient Rome B) ancient Egypt C) ancient Greece D) China
C) ancient Greece
Cruelty-free cosmetics indicate the products __________. A) do not cause allergies B) are easy to use C) are not tested on animals D) do not contain animal products
C) are not tested on animals
The kind of diet that is best for the skin is ________________. A) paleo B) gluten-free C) balanced D) pescatarian
C) balanced
Where should a patch test be applied? A) on the neck B) in any area covered by clothing C) behind the ear D) behind the knee
C) behind the ear
What condition is NOT treated with retinoids? A) acne B) hyperpigmentation C) combination skin D) aging skin
C) combination skin
What step immediately follows cleansing a client's skin of makeup? A) examining the skin with a Wood's lamp B) touching the skin of the face C) covering the client's eyes with eye pads D) applying toner
C) covering the client's eyes with eye pads
Hyperhidrosis is _______________. A) an inflammatory skin condition caused by exposure and direct skin contact to allergens B) a chronic inflammatory skin disorder of the sebaceous glands characterized by comedones and blemishes C) excessive perspiration caused by heat, genetics, medications, or medical conditions D) swelling from a fluid imbalance in the cells or from a response to injury, infection, or medication
C) excessive perspiration caused by heat, genetics, medications, or medical conditions
Which of the following is an example of macules? A) white patches B) lentigines C) freckles D) birthmarks
C) freckles
One indication that a mole might be cancerous is that it ________________. A) is perfectly symmetrical in shape B) has rounded edges C) is growing larger on one side than another D) is growing smaller
C) is growing larger on one side than another
What is true of a product that has a label that indicates all-natural ingredients? A) it means this is a product which does not contain chemicals B) it indicates a product which has not been developed with the use of pesticides C) it is using a term of marketing, not federal regulation D) it indicates a product less toxic than one made of synthetic ingredients
C) it is using a term of marketing, not federal regulation
When it comes to products and ingredients, the first responsibility of skin care professionals to the client is ________________. A) to recommend only the most affordable products B) to give the clients the most freedom in choosing products C) letting the clients know all effects and potential side effects of any products or ingredients D) to use as wide a range of products as possible to test for potential adverse reactions
C) letting the clients know all effects and potential side effects of any products or ingredients
What does exfoliation remove and deplete? A) leukocytes B) T cells C) lipids D) lymph
C) lipids
A client's nails would be brittle if they had ________________. A) verruca B) impetigo C) onychomycosis D) tinea
C) onychomycosis
Estheticians examine the skin through a form of touch called ___________. A) combination B) visualization C) palpation D) Fitzpatrick measuring
C) palpation
The process of moving food along the digestive tract is known as ________________. A) ingestion B) absorption C) peristalsis D) epistasis
C) peristalsis
Body tissues come from the basic building blocks known as _________________. A) carbohydrates B) sugars C) proteins D) lipids
C) proteins
Lymph does NOT assist the body with ________________. A) removing toxins and cellular waste B) protecting the skin and body against disease C) supplying nutrients to the skin D) bathing the skin cells
C) supplying nutrients to the skin
The first women's razor was offered in _______________. A) the Victorian Age B) the late 1800s C) the early 1900s D) the 1950s
C) the early 1900s
The most sensory nerve fibers in the skin are located in _________________. A) the feet B) the eyes C) the fingertips D) the nose
C) the fingertips
After a service, soiled linens should be _______________. A) folded into a rectangle B) the linens should be brushed clean of hair and product, then put inside the laundry C) the linens should be rolled inward D) the linens should be disposed
C) the linens should be rolled inward
What is the biological definition of blood? A) an organ that produces chemicals necessary for the body to function B) the basic functional unit of all living things C) the nutrient-rich fluid circulating through the circulatory system D) a liquid composed of changing components in the interstitial fluid
C) the nutrient-rich fluid circulating through the circulatory system
What is the current view of facial treatments among estheticians? A) they are an advanced service reserved for specialists B) they are less important than waxing C) they are foundational to the field D) they are increasingly considered out-of-date
C) they are foundational to the field
What is true of varicose veins? A) they are whitish, pearl-like masses of sebum and dead cells under the skin B) they are often yellow or flesh-colored C) they are sometimes treated with sclerotherapy, a nonsurgical injection into the vein D) they are a cosmetic irregularity that do not need medical treatment
C) they are sometimes treated with sclerotherapy, a nonsurgical injection into the vein
Deincrustation is a technique that is used __________________. A) to treat wrinkles B) to treat dry skin C) to treat blackheads D) to treat rosacea
C) to treat blackheads
What is a symptom of vitiligo? A) extreme redness and dilation of blood vessels B) red patches covered with white-silver scales C) white, irregular patches of skin that are totally lacking pigment D) flat, nonpalpable changes in skin color formed by fluid in a cavity
C) white, irregular patches of skin that are totally lacking pigment
Cystic acne is grade ___________ acne. A) I B) II C) III D) IV
D) IV
Hypertrophy is _________________. A) a deficiency in perspiration due to failure of the sweat glands B) the term used to refer to an inflammatory condition of the skin C) a chronic excessive perspiration caused by heat, genetics, stress, or medications D) abnormal growth in skin
D) abnormal growth in skin
Abel is shivering with cold and goose bumps appear on his arms. This is an example what part of the body working? A) fibroblasts B) melanocytes C) adipose tissue D) arrector pili muscles
D) arrector pili muscles
An esthetician should ask about a client's lifestyle and describe any observations about the skin's appearance _____________. A) after examining the skin with a magnifying lamp and before determining skin type B) before putting on eye pads and after touching the skin C) after applying toner and before touching the skin D) before applying toner and after touching the skin
D) before applying toner and after touching the skin
What is true of collagen and elastin production over time? A) collagen levels increase and elastin levels decrease B) collagen levels decrease and elastin level increase C) collagen and elastin levels both increase D) collagen and elastin levels both decrease
D) collagen and elastin levels both decrease
Differences in the T-zone from other areas of the face are characteristic of ________________ skin. A) oily B) dry C) normal D) combination
D) combination
Eumelanin can be distinguished by an appearance that is ________________. A) white to brown B) red to black C) red to yellow D) dark brown to black
D) dark brown to black
The largest of the cranial nerves is the _______________. A) seventh B) third C) eleventh D) fifth
D) fifth
What does the peripheral nervous system do? A) it destroys disease-causing microorganisms B) it is responsible for changing food into nutrients and waste C) it affects the growth development, sexual activities, and health of the entire body D) it connects the outer parts of the body to the central nervous system
D) it connects the outer parts of the body to the central nervous system
What is a primary characteristic of Fitzpatrick type 4 skin? A) it is thinner than Fitzpatrick skin types 1 and 2 B) it is more oily than Fitzpatrick skin type 5 or 6 C) it is more sensitive than Fitzpatrick skin types 1 or 2 D) it is more elastic than Fitzpatrick skin types 1 and 2
D) it is more elastic than Fitzpatrick skin types 1 and 2
Clients with dry and mature skin should be massaged with ____________. A) massage oil B) massage gel C) massage lotion D) massage cream
D) massage cream
Certification and/or a license is not necessarily a requirement for a(n) _________________. A) state inspector B) educator C) state examiner D) sales manager
D) sales manager
When choosing a product with natural ingredients, it is important to remember ________________. A) natural ingredients are better for the environment B) natural ingredients are far more effective C) natural and synthetic ingredients are never in the same product D) some of the most effective products are not derived from natural sources
D) some of the most effective products are not derived from natural sources
The harmful effects of pollution will not be counteracted by ________________. A) foundation products B) growth factor serums C) routine cleansing D) sun exposure
D) sun exposure
Where are phalanges found? A) the skull B) the legs C) the ribcage D) the hands
D) the hands
The nail structure is partially composed of ________________. A) pores B) the granular layer C) follicles D) the hyponychium
D) the hyponychium
Histology is the study of ___________________. A) the development, structure, and functioning of human society B) the functions and activities performed by the body structures C) the structures of the human body that can be seen with the naked eye D) the tiny structures found in living tissue
D) the tiny structures found in living tissue
During the twentieth century, _______________. A) modesty was greatly valued, and makeup and showy clothing were discouraged except in the theater B) women pinched their cheeks and bit their lips to induce natural color rather than using cosmetics C) bathing was not a daily ritual, but those who could afford them used fragrant oils D) tretinoin, Botox, alpha hydroxy acid, and other sought-after cosmetic surgery procedures were introduced
D) tretinoin, Botox, alpha hydroxy acid, and other sought-after cosmetic surgery procedures were introduced
Which type of the following Fitzpatrick skin types is MOST likely to tan and LEAST likely to burn? A) type 1 B) type 2 C) type 3 D) type 4
D) type 4
How are fungi, bacterial disorders, and deeper levels of pigmentation observed? A) through palpation B) in the consultation C) during exfoliation D) with a Wood's lamp
D) with a Wood's lamp
