ETA Fiber Certification Technician (FOT) WOAC
Which of the following is a workable solution to combat Chromatic Dispersion? a) Reduce cable length b) Reduce light source spectral width c) Reduce light source wavelength d) Reduce light source power
b) Reduce light source spectral width
There are _________ individual fiber, unit, and group identification color codes recognized by the Optical Fiber Cable Code standard TIA-598. a) 24 b) 36 c) 48 d) 144
b) 36
Local area multimode networks (LAN's) typically operate at ___________ and ________________ with __________ sources. a) 850nm, 1300nm, laser b) 850nm, 1300nm, LED c) 1310nm, 1500nm, laser d) 1310nm, 1550nm, LED
b) 850nm, 1300nm, LED
A cable that contains one fusion splice and one mechanical splice is tested with an OTDR. The mechanical splice can be identified by the ____________ on the OTDR trace. a) Backscatttering b) Back reflection c) Attenuation d) None of the above
b) Back reflection
Lateral displacement and end separation are ____________ factors. a) System b) Extrinsic c) Intrinsic d) none of the above
b) Extrinsic
The refractive index of the core of an optical fiber is always __________ the refractive index of the cladding. a) Less than b) Greater than c) Equal to d) None of the above
b) Greater than
Which fo the following devices is often used in conjunction with an overfilled light source when testing for attenuation on multimode fiber cables? a) VFL b) Mandrel c) Continuity Tester d) Flashlight
b) Mandrel
Where would a fiber optic technician first look for an optical fiber's bend radius specification? a) National Electrical Code b) Manufacturer's specifications c) ANSI/TIA-568 d) ANSI/TIA/EIA-569
b) Manufacturer's specifications
Which ANSI/TIA-526-15 Optical Power Loss Measurements of Installed Multimode Fiber Cable Plant method is a fiber optics technician using when the result includes two connection losses in addition to all losses contained within a cable plant? a) Method A b) Method B c) Method C d) None of the above
b) Method B
The spectral width of a laser is ______________ than the spectral width of a LED. a) Wider b) Narrower c) Equal d) None of the above
b) Narrower
The __________________ characteristics section of the spec sheet is where the black reflection sensitivity of a LASER transmitter can be found. a) Data b) Optical c) Operating d) Electrical
b) Optical
An OTDR is being used to evaluate the loss in a mechanical splice of a multimode cable. The OTDR is set for 850nm and the cursers are placed on each side of the splice 100 meters apart. Calculate the loss of the splice if the OTDR measures loss of the span at 0.5dB in both directions.
.25dB
If the manufacturers recommendations are not known, a good rule of thumb is to have at least ___________ meter of launch cable for each nanosecond of pulse width, with a minimum launch cable length of __________________ meters.
1 100(MM) 300(SM)
A light source and power meter are connected together with two MQJ's. The reference power on the power meter is -15.3dBm. A 200 meter cable is inserted between the MQJ's and the measured power on the meter now reads -17.5dBm. the loss would be ________.
2.2
Find the link attenuation allowance for a fiber link that is 700 meters in length, has 3 matted pairs, and 2 splices with a 1300nm transmitter. a) 3.90dB b)4.55dB c) 3.60dB d) 3.00dB
a) 3.90dB
The measure power in an optical fiber is -23 dBM, which equates to ____________. a) 5uW b) 10uW c) 100uW d) 200uW
a) 5uW
An acceptable mandrel diameter for a 50/125um, 3.0mm jacketed cable is ___________? a) 17mm (06.67") b) 22mm (0.87") c) 23mm (0.91") d) 25mm (0.98")
b) 22mm (0.87")
______________________ dispersion affects both singlemode and multimode fibers.
Chromatic material
What is the the purpose of Dispersion-Shifted optical fiber? a) Combine high bandwidth and low attenuation b) Eliminate dispersion at all wavelengths c) Use dispersion for encryption d) Move dispersion into the cladding
a) Combine high bandwidth and low attenuation
In Polarization-mode Dispersion, ___________________ is the measurement referred to as the total difference in the travel time between the two polarization states.
Differential Group Delay
__________________ is the term used to describe the difference between the max an min optical power the receiver photodiode can accept.
Dynamic Range
Return loss is the ratio of reflected power to incident power at a connector pair or a splice that is measured as a negative dB value. (True/False)
False
Testing short length cables with an OTDR can produce anomalous events called ____________.
Ghost
A _____________ is used with an overfilled light source when testing loss in a multimode fiber and is placed on the ____________ MQJ.
Mandrel Wrap Light Source
__________________ is the proper name for the modulation scheme used to convert analog signals to a digital format.
Pulse coded modulation
If an IOR of 1.4965 is entered into the OTDR and the actual IOR of the cable is 1.4623; will the OTDR display a longer or shorter cable length than the actual cable length?
Shorter
LED's emit random photons through a process called ___________ Emission.
Spontaneous
A fusion splicer creates a permanent splice when the optical fiber is melted together by an electric arc between a pair of electrodes. (True/False)
True
Fusion splices produce very small back reflections that most times can't be seen on the OTDR trace. (True/False)
True
Link Attenuation Allowance (dB) = Cable Attenuation Allowance (dB) + Connector Insertion Loss Allowance + Splice Insertion Loss Allowance. (True/False)
True
Tensile strength is the ability of a fiber to be pulled without breaking. (True/False)
True
Tier 1 testing accomplishes insertion loss, cable length, polarity verification, and overall fiber link attenuation and reflectance loss at connectors and splices. (True/False)
True
An OTDR is connected to the optical fiber link with a length of cable that has commonly been called a launch cable, dead zone cable, pulse suppressor, test fiber box, or access jumper. The length of fiber should follow the OTDR manufacturer's recommendation. In the absence of manufacturer recommendations, a good rule of thumb is to have at least ________ meter of launch or receive fiber for each nanosecond of pulse width, with a minimum cable length being ___________. a) 1m, 100m b) 2m, 100m c) 2m, 100m d) 10m, 500m
a) 1m, 100m
Per ANSI/TIA-568, what is the maximum allowable channel attenuation for 550 meters of 62.5/125 um optical fiber operating at 1300 nm wavelength? a) 2.3 dB b) 2.6 dB c) 3.6 dB d) 4.5 dB
a) 2.3 dB
According to ANSI/TIA-568, the minimum (optical) return loss allowed for mated pair is ___(a)_____dB for MM fiber, _____(b)_____ dB for SM fiber, and ___(c)______dB for SM(CATV).
a) 20 b) 26 c) 55
In polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) what is the measurement referred to as the total difference in travel time between two polarization states? a) Differential group delay b) Birefringence c) Mode coupling d) Pulse splitting
a) Differential group delay
______________ is the most helpful information you can have when troubleshooting a cable network. a) Documentation b) National Electric Code c) OLTS users manual d) OTDR traces
a) Documentation
Where is a splice most likely to be used? a) In the middle of a long distance cable b) At a computer workstation with a local area network c) To join a cable to patch a patch panel d) From a wall outlet to a computer workstation
a) In the middle of a long distance cable
What is the parameter that a fiber optic technician must correctly input/check in order for the OTDR to measure the time it takes for light to leave the OTDR and return as backscattered light? a) Index of refraction b) Backscatter coefficient c) Pulse width d) Wavelength
a) Index of refraction
An OTDR is being used to locate a fault in an optical fiber that has a 1.4727 index of refraction. The operator has entered a 1.4127 index of refraction in the OTDR. The operator error will result in a distance measurement that is __________. a) Long b) Short c) Accurate d) Attenuated
a) Long
If the technician needs to find the total loss of a fiber plant cable with connectors at both ends, he needs to reference his OLTS using a) One (1) Jumper Reference /Method B b) Two (2) Jumper Reference /Method A c) Three (3) Jumper Reference /Method C d) No referencing is required
a) One (1) Jumper Reference /Method B
What is the difference between minimum transmitter output and minimum receiver sensitivity? a) Power budget b) Bit error rate c) Interconnection loss d) Attentuation margin
a) Power budget
According to ANSI/TIA-568, which cabling subsystem link needs to be tested in one direction only at one wavelength for either multimode or singlemode fiber? a) Subsystem 1 b) Subsystem 2 c) Subsystem 3 d) Subsystem 4
a) Subsystem 1
Which OTDR insertion loss method is a fiber optic technician using when he/she places the two cursors on the trace at opposite sides of the event (connector pair or splice)? a) Two point method b) Least squares analysis (LSA) method c) Single event method d) Multiple event method
a) Two point method
In order for total internal reflection to occur in an optical fiber, light must pass from _____________. a) a lower RI to a higher RI b) a higher RI to a lower RI c) a RI of 1 to a higher RI d) a higher RI to a RI of 1
a) a lower RI to a higher RI
The process an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) relies on to produce fault identification is ____________. a) backscattering of light b) refraction of light c) attenuation of light d) core refractive indexing light
a) backscattering of light
In a mechanical splice, _________________ matching gel is used to reduce loss from _________________ reflections. a) index, Fresnel b) refraction, Fresnel c) index, material d) refraction, material
a) index, Fresnel
Rayleigh backscatter is ______________. a) used by an OTDR to determine loss over length b) used by an OLTS to determine connector location c) used by the interferometer to measure endface geometry d) the name of a blues band
a) used by an OTDR to determine loss over length
The NEC considers an installed fiber optic cable this is not terminated at equipment other than a connector an not tagged for future use as a(an) _____________ cable.
abandoned
An OTDR set for 850nm testing is used to evaluate the loss in a mechanical splice in a multimode link. The cursors are placed on both sides of the splice 100 meters apart. The measured loss for that span is 0.50 dB in both directions. Used the maximum attenuation value for the optical fiber as defined in ANSI/TIA-568 the calculated loss for the splice is __________. a) 0dB b) 0.15 dB c) 0.3. dB d) 0.45 dB
b) 0.15 dB
What is the acceptable mandrel diameter for a 50/125 um 3.0mm jacketed cable? a) 17mm (0.67 in) b) 22 mm (0.87 in) c) 23 mm (0.91 in) d) 25 mm (0.98 in)
b) 22 mm (0.87 in)
What is the ratio of reflected power to incident power at a connector junction or fiber splice, usually measured in dB and typically stated as a negative value? a) Attenuation loss b) Return loss c) Coupling loss d) Insertion loss
b) Return loss
Return reflection or return loss can be reduced by _______________ the connector endface with a PC finish. a) Squaring b) Rounding c) Flattening d) Beveling
b) Rounding
An OTDR is being used to locate a fault in an optical fiber that has a 1.4727 index of refraction. The operator has entered a 1.6727 index of refraction in the OTDR. The operator error will result in a distance measurement that is __________. a) Long b) Short c) Accurate d) Attenuated
b) Short
According to TIA-455-57 & IEC 61300-3-35, which of the following is an "always acceptable" typical fiber endface result for glass, plastic, or PCS fiber? a) Scratches b) Slight indents and/or score marks c) Breakover d) Notches or chips
b) Slight indents and/or score marks
The ability of a fiber to be pulled without breaking is known as the __________ strength of the fiber. a) Theoretical b) Tensile c) Torsion d) Tesla
b) Tensile
Which of the following will cause numerical aperture (NA) mismatch loss to occur? a) The numerical aperture of the transmitting fiber is smaller than that of the receiving fiber b) The numerical aperture of the transmitting fiber is larger than that of the receiving fiber c) The numerical apertures of both fibers are larger than normal d) The numerical apertures of both fibers are smaller than normal
b) The numerical aperture of the transmitting fiber is larger than that of the receiving fiber
Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) test results from one fiber in a 300 meter cable showed low loss on the fiber, but the fiber could not transmit any light from the visual fault locator. The most likely problem is ____________. a) improper setup on the OTDR b) a bad connector on the far end of the cable c) Ghosts in the trace d) wrong analysis of the trace
b) a bad connector on the far end of the cable
The OTDR takes multiple measurements and presents the results on a display as a trace. The vertical scale provides relative _____________ level measured in dB while the horizontal scale provides _________________. a) backscatter, length b) amplitude, length c) loss, power d) power, time
b) amplitude, length
Reference cables must match the _______________ of the cables being tested. a) fiber size and type b) fiber size and connector type c) connector type and test d) fiber size and loss specification
b) fiber size and connector type
Numerical Aperature (NA) is the light _____________ ability of a fiber and defines the one of _____________. a) acceptance, gathering b) gathering, acceptance c) gathering, distortion d) gathering, refraction
b) gathering, acceptance
When utilizing the ANSI/TIA-526-14 Method B 1-Jumper Reference Method, a good launch or receive reference jumper cable check will have low loss less than a ____________ loss when tested in a single-ended FOTP-171 test. a) 0.1 dB b) 0.3 dB c) 0.5 dB d) 0.75 dB
c) 0.5 dB
After referencing the OLTS using the one (1) Jumper Reference method, a second MQJ is coupled to the reference MQJ and connected to the power meter. The expected loss of the connected pair should be less than ____________. a) 0.1 dBm b) 0.3 dBm c) 0.5 dBm d) 0.75 dBm
c) 0.5 dBm
An FOS and FOM have been connected together with two Measurement Quality Jumpers (MQJs). The measure referenced power at the FOM is -20.7 dBm. a 2 meter patch cable is inserted between the two MQJ's for loss testing. The measure power at the FOM is now -21.5 dBm. The loss for the cable is ____________. a) 0.5 dB b) 0.7 dB c) 0.8 dB d) 0.8 dBm
c) 0.8 dB
Wide are single mode networks (WAN's) typically operate at __________ and ___________ with __________ sources. a) 850nm, 1300nm, laser b) 850nm, 1300nm, LED c) 1310nm, 1550nm, laser d) 1310nm, 1550nm, LED
c) 1310nm, 1550nm, laser
Which of the following, in accordance with ANSI/TIA-568, are the minimum return loss requirements for pairs of mated connectors? a) 10 dB multimode, 26 dB single-mode, and 50 dB single-mode (CATV) b) 15 dB multimode, 26 dB single-mode, and 70 dB single-mode (CATV) c) 20 dB multimode, 26 dB single-mode, and 55 dB single-mode (CATV) d) 20 dB multimode, 30 dB single-mode, and 55 dB single-mode (CATV)
c) 20 dB multimode, 26 dB single-mode, and 55 dB single-mode (CATV)
What is the loop diameter required to serve as a mode filter when testing a singlemode fiber with an OLTS? a) 10mm b) 20mm c) 30mm d) 40mm
c) 30mm
How much input power remains after light travels through 1 kilometer of fiber with attenuation of 3dB? a) 0% b) 25% c) 50% d) 75%
c) 50%
Which of the following is an intrinsic loss factor? a) Lateral displacement b) End separation c) Core ovality d) Angular misalignment
c) Core ovality
Which of the following pieces of test equipment, by utilizing non-destructive macro-bend detection which does not damage or overstress the fiber, is ideal for use during routine maintenance and line modification, and can be used to locate a particular fiber line, non-obtrusively identify live fibers, and determine whether traffic is present? a) Continuity tester b) Visible fault locator c) Fiber identifier d) OTDR (optical time domain reflectometer)
c) Fiber identifier
When testing, reference cables must match the ____________ of the cables being tested. a) Fiber size & loss specification b) Connector type & test equipment c) Fiber size & connector type d) Cable size and fiber type
c) Fiber size & connector type
The Mode Field Diameter measures the diameter of the ________ in a singlemode fiber. a) Core b) Cladding c) Light d) Entire fiber
c) Light
In accordance with ANSI/TIA-568 Annex E, the attenuation measurement result should always be less than the designed link attenuation allowance, also known as ___________________ that is based on the number of terminations, the number of splices and cable length. a) Power budget b) Dynamic range c) Loss budget d) Insertion loss
c) Loss budget
ANSI/TIA-568 mandates Tier 1 testing to ensure quality network performance and integrity. Which of the following is NOT a Tier 1 testing equipment? a) Verifying the cable length b) Verifying polarity c) Measuring insertion loss and reflectance loss at connectors and splices d) Measuring overall fiber link attenuation to ensure that it is less than specified loss budget
c) Measuring insertion loss and reflectance loss at connectors and splices
Which of the following is a solution for chromatic dispersion? a) Reduce the power of the light b) Reduce the wavelength of the light c) Reduce the spectral width of the light d) Reduce the length of the fiber
c) Reduce the spectral width of the light
_______________ is the largest contributor of fiber attenuation. a) Microbends b) Bending losses c) Scattering d) Absorption
c) Scattering
IAW Preparation and Examination of Optical Fiber Endface for Testing Purposes TIA-455-57 and IEC 61300-3-35, which of the following is an "always acceptable" typical fiber endface result for glass, plastic, or pcs fibers (with core and cladding)? a) Notch/chip b) Breakover/Rolloff c) Slight indent/score mark d) Scratches
c) Slight indent/score mark
Lasers emit photons that are in phase through a process called ___________ emission. a) Coherent b) Incoherent c) Stimulated d) Spontaneous
c) Stimulated
What documentation should be recorded for OTDR results? a) Type and length of launch fiber b) Source Coupled Power ratio category c) Test procedure and method used d) Type and length of test jumpers
c) Test procedure and method used
A fusion splicer creates a ______________ splice by melting the optical fiber endfaces to one another with an electric arc between ____________ electrodes. a) temporary, two b) rotary, four c) permanent, two d) mechanical, four
c) permanent, two
For light to propagate down the fiber core, it must enter through the _____________ which is defined by the __________________.
cone of acceptance NA - light gathering ability of the fiber
How many individual fiber, unit, and group identification color codes are recognized by the Optical Fiber Cable Coloring standard TIA-598? a) 12 b) 18 c) 24 d) 36
d) 36
An optical ___________________ is a passive device that is used to reduce the power level of an optical signal. a) Coupler b) Filter c) Switch d) Attenuator
d) Attenuator
What is the purpose of dispersion-shifted optical fiber? a) Move dispersion into the cladding b) Eliminate dispersion at all wavelengths c) Use dispersion for encryption d) Combine high bandwidth and low attenuation
d) Combine high bandwidth and low attenuation
What is the most helpful information you can have when trying to troubleshoot a cabling network for restoration? a) Phone number of a fiber optic contractor b) Loss data on each fiber c) OTDR traces d) Documentation
d) Documentation
What is the term used to describe the difference between the maximum and minimum optical input power that the receiver photodiode can accept? a) Bit error rate b) Power budget c) Power dissipation d) Dynamic Range
d) Dynamic Range
Per ANSI/TIA-568, which of the following is the link attenuation allowance calculation formula? a) Link Attenuation Allowance (dB) = Cable Attenuation Allowance (dB) + Maximum Cable Attentuation Coefficient (dB/km) x Length(km) b) Link Attenuation Allowance (dB) =Connector Insertion Loss Allowance (dB) + Number of Connector Pairs x Connector Loss Allowance (dB) c) Link Attenuation Allowance (dB) = Cable Attenuation Allowance (dB) + Number of Splices x Splice Insertion Loss Allowance (dB) d) Link Attenuation Allowance (dB) = Cable Attenuation Allowance (dB) + Connector Insertion Loss Allowance (dB) + Splice Insertion Loss Allowance (dB)
d) Link Attenuation Allowance (dB) = Cable Attenuation Allowance (dB) + Connector Insertion Loss Allowance (dB) + Splice Insertion Loss Allowance (dB)
Return reflection or return loss can be reduced by _____________ the connector end with a PC finish. a) Squaring b) Beveling c) Flattening d) Rounding
d) Rounding
In a fiber optic link, which component has an input of electrical energy and an output of light? a) Connector b) Optical fiber c) Receiver d) Transmitter
d) Transmitter
The National Electrical Code (NEC) requires that fiber optic cable(s) running vertically between the floors of a building at a minimum be ______________ rated as defined in ANSI standards. a) Plenum b) general purpose c) universal d) riser
d) riser
Back reflections from a mechanical interconnection can interfere with the operation of a _______________ and degrade system performance. a) multimode LED b) single-mode LED c) multimode laser d) single-mode laser
d) single-mode laser
A _______________ is used to detect light propagating down a fiber by utilizing the effect of a non-destructive macro bend.
fiber identifier
An OTDR screen displays distance or length on the ____________ axis and power or amplitude on the __________axis.
horizontal vertical
Fusion splices are most likely used in the middle of a _________ fiber run.
long
Multiple channels carrying digital signals on the same fiber is an example of _____________________.
multiplexing
An optical attenuator is a passive device that is used to reduce the _____________________ of an optical signal.
power level
Checking the power at the _________________ should be the first test that is done when troubleshooting a network problem.
receiver
A mechanical splice will be identified on an OTDR trace as a _______________ event.
reflective
Back reflections from a mechanical interconnection can interfere with the operation of a __________________.
singlemode laser
When an OTDR is being used to determine insertion loss where the cursers are placed on opposite sides of the event, the method is called _____________.
two point method
