Ethics 5

13. The ____ became law in 1996. Its purpose was to allow freer competition among phone, cable, and TV companies. a. Telecommunications Act b. Telecommunications Deregulation and Reform Act c. Child Online Protection Act (COPA) d. Communications Decency Act (CDA)

A

16. The California State Court in Pre-Paid Legal v. Sturtz et al. set a legal precedent that courts apply to _____. a. subpoenas requesting the identity of anonymous Internet speakers c. Internet filtering within public libraries b. determination of obscene material d. identification of hate speech

A

23. In the United States, speech that is merely annoying, critical, demeaning, or offensive enjoys protection under the ____ Amendment. a. First c. Fourth b. Second d. Fifth

A

24. A(n) ____ is software that can be installed with a Web browser to block access to certain Web sites that contain inappropriate or offensive material. a. Internet filter c. bridge b. router d. firewall

A

6. Proponents of the Children's Internet Protection Act CIPA's contend that shielding children from drugs, hate, pornography, and other topics is a sufficient reason to justify ____. a. Internet filters c. compression b. spims d. encryption

A

15. The ____ v. ACLU suit, filed in February 1996, challenged the criminalizing of so-called indecency on the Internet. a. Fresno c. Ashcroft b. Reno d. Los Angeles

B

17. Although they may implement a speech code, ____ are legally considered agents of the government and therefore must follow the First Amendment's prohibition against speech restrictions based on content or viewpoint. a. religious institutions c. Internet service providers b. public schools and universities d. communications providers

B

2. Miller v. ____ is the Supreme Court case that established a test to determine if material is obscene and therefore not protected by the First Amendment. a. Brown c. Stern b. California d. Texas

B

22. Violation of the ____ can cause a school or public library to lose funding to help pay for its Internet connections. a. Child Online Protection Act c. Children's Online Privacy Protection Act b. Children's Internet Protection Act d. Communications Decency Act

B

26. A survey by the Nielsen found that _____ of the workforce accessed pornography from their workplace computer. a. less than 15% c. over 50% b. 29% d. nearly 75%

B

27. The government of _____ has closed more Google Gmail accounts and more blogger sites than any other country. a. China c. United States b. Brazil d. India

B

28. ____ allows people to state their opinions without revealing their identity. a. Defamation c. Libel b. Anonymous expression d. Freedom of speech

B

29. U.S. courts have ruled that under the Federal Communications Decency Act, Web sites owners and operators are _____ for comments posted at their site if they take no active role in screening those comments. a. fully responsible c. are partially responsible b. are not libel d. none of the above

B

4. An approach to restricting access to Web sites is to subscribe to a(n) ____ that performs the blocking through the ISP's server rather than software loaded onto each user's computer. a. filtering subscription service c. anonymous filtering service b. Internet service provider (ISP) d. application service provider (ASP)

B

8. Possession of child pornography is a federal offense punishable by up to ____ years in prison. a. two c. seven b. five d. ten

B

9. The Supreme Court has held that obscene speech, and ____ are not protected by the First Amendment and may be forbidden by the government. a. audition c. declamation b. defamation d. demarcation

B

11. A filtering system designed for use by Web site owners is available through the ____, a nonprofit organization whose members include Internet industry leaders such as AOL Europe, BellSouth, British Telecom, IBM, Microsoft, and Verizon. a. Anti-Defamation League (ADL) b. Electronic Privacy Information Center c. Internet Content Rating Association (ICRA) d. Electronic Frontier Foundation

C

12. Despite the importance of ____ in early America, it took nearly 200 years for the Supreme Court to render rulings that addressed it as an aspect of the Bill of Rights. a. privacy c. anonymity b. freedom d. rights

C

18. U.S. laws do not allow a person to be ____ for engaging in an activity protected by the U.S. Constitution, even if the activity violates the criminal laws of another country. a. imprisoned c. extradited b. sued d. judged

C

21. _____ is the control or suppression of the publishing or accessing of information on the Internet. a. Internet filtering c. Internet censorship b. Anonymous expression d. Slander

C

30. An oral defamatory statement is ____. a. libel c. slander b. hate speech d. all of the above

C

1. ____ is an absolute defense against a charge of defamation. a. Libel c. The first amendment b. Slander d. Truth

D

10. A defining moment in the history of freedom of the press in the United States came in 1735 when jurors refused to convict _____ for seditious libel. a. George Washington c. Paul Revere b. Ben Franklin d. John Zenger

D

14. In a(n) ____, the identity of the defendant is temporarily unknown. a. defamation lawsuit c. anonymous lawsuit b. John Doe lawsuit d. libel lawsuit

D

19. If an employee sees a coworker viewing porn on a workplace computer, that employee may be able to claim that the company has ____. a. encouraged defamation of the character of its employees c. has violated the employee's First Amendment rights b. engaged in racial discrimination d. created a hostile work environment

D

20. The ____ can be a deterrent in fighting the dissemination of pornography. a. Telecommunications Deregulation and Reform Act b. Communications Decency Act (CDA) c. Child Online Protection Act (COPA) d. CAN-SPAM Act

D

25. _____ has the largest online population in the world and also perhaps the most rigorous Internet censorship. a. United States c. Japan b. India d. China

D

3. Some ____ use encryption and routing through multiple remailers to provide a virtually untraceable level of anonymity. a. mail services c. Web mail servers b. ISPs d. remailers

D

5. The Internet has been a boon to the pornography industry by providing fast, cheap, and convenient access to more than ____ Web sex sites worldwide. a. 600,000 c. 2,400,000 b. 1,500,000 d. 4,200,000

D

7. Although people have the right to express opinions, they must exercise care in their Internet communications to avoid possible charges of ____. a. Internet censorship c. declamation b. slander d. defamation

D