Evolve HESI Adolescent/School-Age

How do adolescents establish health identity during psychosocial development? 1 By evaluating their own health with feelings of well-being 2 By fostering their independence with a balanced family structure 3 By building close peer relationships to achieve societal acceptance 4 By achieving marked physical changes with masculine and feminine behaviors

1 Adolescents establish health identity by evaluating their own health with feelings of well-being. An individual establishes family identity by fostering their independence with a balanced family structure. By building close peer relationships, adolescents establish a group identity. The healthy growth of an adolescent, with marked physical and behavioral changes, helps to build sexual identity.

The nurse notes that the peak height velocity (PHV) for an 11-year-old female has occurred since the last health maintenance visit. Which assessment question should the nurse ask the adolescent based on this data? 1 "Have you begun to menstruate?" 2 "How tall do you think you will get?" 3 "What do you typically eat in a normal day?" 4 "Are you taller than most of the other girls in your class?"

1 An accelerated rate of linear growth is referred to as PHV. When this occurs for a school-age or adolescent female client, it is a predictor for menarche; therefore, asking the client if she has begun to menstruate is an appropriate assessment question. Typically, menarche begins 6 to 12 months after PHV. The other questions are not inappropriate, but they are not assessment questions that should be asked based on the current client data.

What nursing intervention should a nurse provide to a hospitalized individual in the identity versus role confusion stage? 1 Provide the client with information about his or her treatment plan 2 Choose creative ways to promote social participation 3 Involve a client's partners or family members in the caring process 4 Encourage the client to participate actively in the treatment procedure

1 During the identity versus role confusion or puberty stage, a nurse should help hospitalized adolescents deal with illness by helping them to make their own decisions about their treatment plan. During the generativity versus self-absorption and stagnation stage, the nurse should help the client socialize to foster a sense of fulfillment. If an individual under the intimacy versus isolation stage is admitted to the hospital, the nurse should involve the client's partners or family members in the caring process so that the client can have a positive support structure. During the industry versus inferiority stage, the nurse encourage the client to participate actively in the treatment procedure.

To which client should the nurse provide education regarding the pubertal growth spurt? 1 An 8-year-old school-age male client 2 A 16-year-old adolescent male client 3 A 12-year-old school-age female client 4 An 18-year-old adolescent female client

3 The pubertal growth spurt reaches a peak for female clients at 12 years of age; therefore, the nurse should provide education to this client regarding expected growth during this time period. The 8-year-old male client would not be expected to experience the pubertal growth spurt until the age of 14 years. The 16-year-old and the 18-year-old adolescent clients would have already experienced the pubertal growth spurt.

What are the treatment goals in anorexia nervosa? Select all that apply. 1 The development of a calorie-restricted diet plan 2 The development of a regular exercise schedule 3 The repairing of family interactions 4 The reinstitution of normal nutrition to counteract a state of malnutrition 5 The correction of deficits and distortions in psychological functioning via psychotherapy

3, 4, 5 Clients with anorexia nervosa have a strong fear of becoming overweight. This is characterized by reduced nutritional food intake causing progressive weight loss and malnutrition. These clients usually have impaired family interactions due to low self-esteem. Therefore, the treatment goals should consist of repairing family interactions, reinstituting normal nutritional meals, and correcting deficits and distortions in psychological functioning.