EXAM 1

Place these body regions in order from superior (proximal) to inferior (distal): 1)coxal 2)tarsa l3)femoral 4)crural 5)patellar 2, 5, 4, 3, and 1 2, 4, 5, 3, and 1 1, 3, 4, 5, and 2 1, 4, 3, 5, and 2 1, 3, 5, 4, and 2

1, 3, 5, 4, and 2

Which type of cell junction anchors cells together, so as to prevent the cells of cardiac muscle tissue from pulling apart due to mechanical stress as the heart beats? Gap junctions Tight junctions Cytoplasm Desmosomes

desmosomes

Hair color is due to a pigment known as ________. keratin carotene hemoglobin melanin

melanin

Which of the following is a lubricant that keeps skin soft and moist and also contains chemicals that kill bacteria? carotene melanin sweat sebum

sebum

The pleura and pericardium are examples of ________ membranes that cover organs in a body cavity closed to the exterior. synovial serous cutaneous mucous

serous

Which of the following statements is not part of the cell theory? -The activity of an organism depends on its collective cellular activities -Cells are the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms. -The continuity of life has a cellular basis. -The activities of cells are determined by their structure, which determines function. -The human body is composed of 50 to 100 trillion cells.

The human body is composed of 50 to 100 trillion cells

People whose melanocytes produce a lot of melanin have a skin tone that is ________. green blue brown pink orange

brown

Sequences of three bases found in messenger RNA (mRNA) are called ________. anticodons amino acids ribosomes deoxyribose sugars codons

codons

A molecule of methane, CH4, is known specifically as a(n) ________. -element -anion -atom -compound -radioisotope

compound

The type of tissue that functions to protect, support, insulate, and cushion together body tissues are classified as ________. -muscle tissues -connective tissues -nervous tissues -epithelial tissues

connective tissue

The ________ system rids the body of indigestible food residue in feces while the ________ system removes nitrogen-containing metabolic waste in urine. digestive; urinary cardiovascular; urinary reproductive; digestive urinary; digestive

digestive; urinary

When correctly situated in anatomical position, where are your feet in relation to your knees? -deep -superior -distal -medial -proximal

distal

Passive processes that move substances across membranes ________. transport substances against their concentration gradients include exocytosis and endocytosis do not require ATP utilize AT Pemploy protein pumps

do not require ATP

Glands, such as the thyroid, that secrete their products so that they directly diffuse into the blood rather than through ducts are classified as ________. -sudoriferous -sebaceous -exocrine -endocrine -ceruminous

endocrine

The system that controls and coordinates the body using hormones is the ________. digestive system endocrine system skeletal system integumentary system nervous system

endocrine

Which type of functional protein serves as a catalyst in the body's chemical reactions? Enzymes Hormones Transport proteins Antibodies

enzymes

The sebaceous and sweat glands associated with the skin are classified as ________ glands because they release secretions to the skin's surface via ducts. endocrine serous exocrine mucous

exocrine

Which of the following processes require the use of protein carrier molecules? -facilitated diffusion and vesicular transport -vesicular transport and osmosis -osmosis and filtration -facilitated diffusion and solute pumping -filtration and exocytosis

facilitated diffusion and solute pumping

The DNA segment that carries information for building one protein or polypeptide chain is called a(n) ________. anticodon amino acid gene codon

gene

Which polysaccharide is formed of linked glucose molecules and stored in animal tissues? glycogen ribose cellulose glucose starch

glycogen

What is situated between the visceral and parietal pleura? -Lung -Heart -Air -Serous fluid -Synovial fluid

heart

The pH scale is based on ________. hydrogen ion concentration in solution hydroxide ion concentration in solution neutrons in solution electrons in solution

hydrogen ion concentration in solution

Where are mucous membranes found? lining joint cavities lining the abdominal cavity wall covering the heart lining the inside of the stomach covering the brain

lining the inside of the stomach

The organelle that contains enzymes produced by ribosomes and packaged by the Golgi apparatus is the ________. rough endoplasmic reticulum ribosome lysosome peroxisome Golgi apparatus

lysosome

Which of the following membranes lines all body cavities that are open to the exterior? Cutaneous Serous Mucous Pleura Synovial

mucous

What type of bond results when electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another? -nonpolar covalent bond -hydrogen bond -polar covalent bond -carbon bond -ionic bond

nonpolar covalent bond

Hydrogen bonding between water molecules is responsible for ________. -denaturation of proteins -polarity -surface tension -nonpolar covalent bonding -enzyme structure

nonpolar covalent bonding

A weight lifter experiences nerve pain in his posterior elbow region. Which term best describes this body region? Antecubital Olecranal Popliteal Antebrachial Carpal

olecranal

Which of these internal body cavities is the most inferior? Thoracic cavity Cranial cavity Abdominal cavity Pelvic cavity

pelvic cavity

A drug prevents cancerous cells from replicating by inhibiting the creation of a mitotic spindle. During which phase of mitosis is this drug most effective? -Anaphase -Telophase -Metaphase -Cytokinesis -Prophase

prophase

The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of ________ an atom contains. neutrons neutrons and electrons protons protons and neutrons

protons

What type of sensor monitors and responds to changes in the environment in a negative feedback loop? -Stimulus -Effector -Control center -Receptor

receptor

What are the three main components of a homeostatic control system? -receptor, control center, effector -stimulus, control center, input -control center, responder, output -receptor, responder, effector -receptor, stimulus, effector

receptor, control center, effector

Which of the following tissues is constructed of many collagen fibers? -scar tissue -blood -simple cuboidal epithelium -transitional epithelium -pseudostratified columnar epithelium

scar tissue

Which of the following contains chemicals that kill bacteria and prevent bacterial invasions of the skin? hemoglobin sebum keratin sweat melanin

sebum

An atom with 6 protons, 7 neutrons, and 6 electrons shares four pairs of electrons with four other atoms. This atom is now considered to be ________. -an ion -an anion -a neutral atom -a cation -stable

stable

The epidermis is composed of ________. -dense fibrous connective tissue -simple columnar epithelium -adipose tissue -stratified squamous epithelium -areolar tissue

stratified squamous epithelium

Which of these layers directly connects to the dermis? Stratum granulosum Stratum basale Stratum corneum Stratum spinosum Stratum lucidum

stratum basale

Which of the following is a vital function of the integumentary system? -The skin absorbs vitamin C, so that the skin will not be subject to diseases. -The skin aids in desiccation. -The cells of the epidermis store glucose as glycogen for energy. -The skin synthesizes vitamin D. -The skin aids in the transport of materials throughout the body.

The skin synthesizes vitamin D.

12^(C) and 13^(C) are isotopes. Which of the following is true about these two isotopes? -These isotopes have the same number of neutrons. -These isotopes are likely to form ionic bonds. -These isotopes have the same atomic mass number. -These isotopes have the same atomic number. -These isotopes have the same number of particles in the atomic nucleus

These isotopes have the same atomic number.

The main function of the respiratory system is to ________. -produce sperm and eggs -break down food and deliver the products to the blood for dispersal -control body activities through hormones released into the blood -transport oxygen, nutrients, and wastes to and from body cells and tissues -supply the body with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide

supply the body with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide

A cell is isotonic to the surrounding 4% dextrose solution. If the cell is moved to a 6% dextrose solution, predict how the cell responds. -The cell will bloat. -The cell will not change in size or shape. -The cell will shrink. -The cell will lyse. -The cell will rupture.

the cell will shrink

Which of the following is NOT considered a nutrient? proteins vitamins carbohydrates minerals water

water

Which of the following is classified as an inorganic compound? -glucose -steroid -water -triglyceride -protein

water

In order to break a disaccharide down into simple sugar units, ________. water molecules must be removed from each bond carbon atoms must be removed from each bond water molecules and carbon atoms must be removed from each bond carbon atoms must be added to each bond water molecules must be added to each bond

water molecules must be added to each bond

Place these components of a homeostatic control system in the proper order. 1) effector 2) efferent pathway 3) receptor 4) control center 5) afferent pathway

3, 5, 4, 2, and 1

Rank these elements found in the human body from most common to least common:1)carbon 2)hydrogen 3)nitrogen 4)oxygen 4, 2, 1, 3 1, 4, 3, 2 3, 2, 1, 4 4, 1, 2, 3

4, 1, 2, 3

Which of the following is found in a molecule of DNA but not in a molecule of RNA? Deoxyribose Ribose Cytosine Adenine

Deoxyribose

What is required for osmosis to occur? vesicles sodium-potassium pump solute pump aquaporins pressure gradient

aquaporins

Which of the following DNA base pairs is complementary? adenine and thymine adenine and guanine guanine and uracil thymine and guanine cytosine and adenine

adenine and thymine

A genetic switch turns on graying hair in response to ________. -age -size -weight -female -hormones -male hormones

age

A molecule with the sequence of AUCGUCA should be categorized as ________. an enzyme RNAa triglyceride DNA ATP

an enzyme

In the small intestine, acidic gastric juice entering from the stomach mixes with basic fluids from the pancreas. What type of reaction results from the interaction of these two chemicals? Catabolic reactions Decomposition reactions Neutralization reactions Anabolic reactions Hydrolysis reactions

anabolic reactions

Ventral is a directional term synonymous with ________ in humans. -medial -dorsal -anterior -posterior

anterior

The diaphragm creates a ________ section between the thoracic and abdominal body cavities. frontal (coronal) transverse (cross) midsagittal median

transverse (cross)

Polar molecules, like water, result when electrons are shared ________. between ions equally between atoms unequally between atoms or transferred between atoms

unequally

Which of these lipids is more "heart healthy" due to the presence of double and triple bonds that cause the fat to stay liquid at room temperature? Unsaturated fats Trans fats Triglyceride Cholesterol Saturated fats

unsaturated fat

During transcription, which base pairs with adenine of DNA in the newly formed molecule of RNA? guanine cytosine adenine uracil thymine

uracil

Which body cavity includes all others? Ventral cavity Pelvic cavity Thoracic cavity Abdominal cavity Mediastinum

ventral