EXAM 1 PRACTICE QUESTIONS

A herniated disc causes extreme pain when the ____________ruptures, and the escaping _________ protrudes _______and pressures a nerve. This is common between vertebrae _______ . a. Annulus fibrosus , Nucleus pulposus; posteriorly; L4/L5 b. Annulus fibrosus , Nucleus pulposus; anteriorly; S2/S3 c. Nucleus pulposus , Annulus fibrosus; posteriorly; L4/L5 d. Nucleus pulposus , Annulus fibrosus; anteriorly; L1/L2 e. Nucleus pulposus, Nucleus pulposus; posteriorly; L1/L2

A. ANNULUS FIBROSUS; NUCLEUS PULPOSUS; POSTERIORLY; L4/L5

While standing, if you bend at the waist to touch your toes, which muscle would you use to stand back up straight again? A. Erector spinae B. Piriformis C. Trapezius D. Teres minor E. none of these is correct

A. ERECTOR SPINAE

Which plane would allow for the observation of both lungs, the heart, and the abdominal organs? A. Frontal B. Sagittal C. Transverse D. What is a plane? Like an airplane?

A. FRONTAL

Auscultation is __________. A. listening to natural sounds made by the body. B. looking at the body's appearance in a physical examination. C. feeling a structure with the hands. D. slapping the patient in the face and telling them to "snap out of it!". E. examining test results for diagnosis of symptoms involving the abdominal cavity.

A. LISTENING TO NATURAL SOUNDS MADE BY BODY

Which of the following is not a function of the skin? A. Synthesis of vitamin C B. Retention of water C. Sensation of pain, temperature, and pressure D. Protection E. Thermoregulation

A. SYNTHESIS OF VITAMIN C

The sciatic nerve is comprised of what 2 nerves? a. Tibial nerve and common fibular nerve b. Fibular and common tibial nerve c. Femur and patellar nerves d. Inferior and superior gluteal nerves e. None of the above

A. TIBIAL NERVE AND COMMON FIBULAR NERVE

Sensory information is carried _______________the spinal cord via the __________root. a. toward; dorsal b. away from; ventral c. toward; anterior d. away from; posterior e. none of the above

A. TOWARD; DORSAL

Which of the following retracts the scapula and is the most superficial? A. Trapezius B. Semispinalis capitis C. Splenius capitis D. Latissimus dorsi E. Rhomboid major

A. TRAPEZIUS

The directional language of anatomy begins with what assumption about the position of the body? A. It is in a prone position. B. It is in anatomical position. C. It is in a supine position. D. There are no assumptions made.

B. ANATOMICAL POSITION

Which part of the spinal cord contains somas of somatic motor neurons? A. The arachnoid B. The posterior horns C. The anterior horns D. The lateral horns E. The spinothalamic tract

B. ANTERIOR HORNS

Barbie, angry at Ken for his non-stop working out at the gym, stabbed him in his most prize workout area, his gluteal region. What order of layers did the knife pass through on its path from the outside to in? a. Dermis, epidermis, deep fascia, gluteus maximus m b. Epidermis, dermis, superficial fascia , deep fascia, gluteus minimus m c. Epidermis, dermis, superficial fascia, gluteus maximus d. Superficial fascia, deep fascia, gluteus maximus m e. Hypodermis, dermis, deep fascia, gluteus minimus m

B. EPIDERMIS, DERMIS, SUPERFICIAL FASCIA, DEEP FASCIA, GLUTEUS MINIMUS

The specific area of a long bone where ossification of cartilage occurs, resulting in an increase in bone length, is called the A. medullary cavity B. epiphyseal plate C. place where magic happens D. articular surface

B. EPIPHYSEAL PLATE

If a person is suffering from kyphosis, a possible cause of the problem may be: a. Extreme trunk weight gain due to pregnancy or increased beer consumption b. Osteoporosis c. Difference in lower limb length d. A and B are correct e. A and C are correct

B. OSTEOPOROSIS

Christine is the star volleyball player for OU. She recently suffered a minor rotator cuff injury! Thankfully, she is also an anatomy star and knows just which muscle she most likely injured if she is having problems medially rotating her humerus. Which muscle is most likely injured? a. Infraspinatus b. Subscapularis c. Teres minor d. Teres major e. Supraspinatus

B. SUBSCAPULARIS

Which cell type is not found in the epidermis? A. Keratinocyte B. Melanocyte C. Adipocyte D. Tactile cell E. all are found in the epidermis

C. ADIPOCTYE

The ____________ is the outer ring of the intervertebral disc, while the ___________ is the inner portion. a. Nucleus pulposus; annulus fibrosus b. Annulus externa; pulposus interna c. Annulus fibrosus; nucleus pulposus d. Annulus externa; nucleus interna e. None of the above

C. ANNULUS FIBROSUS; NUCLEUS PULPOSUS

What part of the spinal cords associated structures carries both sensory and motor information? A. Ventral roots B. Dorsal roots C. Dorsal rami D. Dorsal horn E. None of these are correct

C. DORSAL RAMI

Which of the following laterally rotate and extend the femur ? a. Gluteus minimus b. Inferior gemellus c. Gluteus maximus d. Quadratus femoris e. All of the above

C. GLUTEUS MAXIMUS

Which of the following is not true? A. Anatomy is the study of the structure of the body. B. Gross anatomy is the study of tissues and cells. C. Gross anatomy is the study of disgusting things D. Regional anatomy is the study of multiple organ systems in a specific area of the body. E. Systemic anatomy focuses on one organ system at a time.

C. GROSS ANATOMY IS THE STUDY OF DISGUSTING THINGS

What is the directional term for "away from the midline"? A. Caudal B. Rostral C. Lateral D. Ipsilateral

C. LATERAL

which of the following organs can be considered ipsilateral in relation to each other? a. Heart and right lung b. Right hand and left elbow c. Left kidney and left knee d. Spleen and liver e. None of the above

C. LEFT KIDNEY AND LEFT KNEE

Where is thick skin found? A. On the lips B. On your eyelids C. On the palms D. On the abdomen E. Nowhere. Jess just made that term up

C. ON THE PALMS

All of these are considered endochondral ossification except A. the vertebrae B. the humerus C. the patella D. the femur E. no exceptions all of these are correct

C. PATELLA

Which of the following erector spinae muscle groups is responsible for primary extension of the back? a. Rotatores b. Multifidus c. Semispinalis d. Spinalis e. None of the above

C. SEMISPINALIS

Which of the following does not contribute to the erector spinae? A. Iliocostalis B. Longissimus C. Spinalis D. Semispinalis E. all of these are considered erector spinae. Duh!

C. SPINALIS

The epidermal layer that includes melanocytes. a. Stratum lucidum b. Stratum spinosum c. Stratum basale d. Stratum corneum e. Stratum granulosum

C. STRATUM BASALE

What is absent in thin skin? A. The reticular layer B. Sebaceous glands C. The stratum lucidum D. The papillary layer E. more than one of these is correct

C. STRATUM LUCIDUM

Which of the following is incorrect in regards to vertebrae C1? a. It's commonly referred to as the atlas b. It has a bifid spinous process c. It's part of the atlanto-occipital joint where flexion/extension occurs d. It's part of the atlanto-axial joint which aids in "nodding" the head e. More than one is incorrect

C1 (altas) has a bifid spinous process, part of altanto-axial joint which aids in "nodding" head MORE THAN ONE IS INCORREDCT

Where does the spinal cord end? A. L1-L2 B. The cauda equina C. The filum terminale D. The medullary cone (conus medularis) E. more than one of these is correct

CONUS MEDULLARIS (L1-L2)

Little Cindy Lou Who was sitting at the bar during happy hour, minding her own business when she got caught in the middle of a bar brawl/ knife fight. Unfortunately, the doctors believe that the knife ended up severing her thoracodorsal nerve. If this is the case what action can she no longer perform? a. Retract and stabilize the scapula while elevating the vertebral border b. Flexion and lateral rotation of the humerus c. Abducts and protracts the scapula, rotating it so that the glenoid cavity faces cranially d. Extend, adduct and medially rotate the arm e. Adducts, depresses and laterally rotates the shoulder

D. EXTEND, ADDUCT, AND MEDIALLY ROTATE ARM

Which of the following is incorrect about a spinal tap (lumbar puncture)? a. removal of CSF for examination b. Occurs between L2 and sacrum c. A lumbar puncture for administration of anesthesia d. Happens in the coccygeal region e. All are correct

D. HAPPENS IN COCCYGEAL REGION

Which of the following is not a muscle that can aid in respiration? a. Serratus posterior superior b. Levator costarum c. Serratus posterior inferior d. Longissimus thoracis e. All of the above can aid in respiration

D. LONGISSIMUS THORACIS

Which of the following structures is contained within the vertebral canal? A. Brain B. Heart C. Lungs D. Spinal cord

D. SPINAL CORD

What part of the spinal cords associated structures carries sensory information only? A. Ventral roots B. Lateral column C. Dorsal root ganglion D. Dorsal roots E. More than one of these is correct

DORSAL ROOTS; DORSAL ROOT GANGLION E. MORE THAN ONE IS CORRECT

(True or False). The filum terminale is a long slender filament of arachnoid membrane that attaches to the coccyx and aids in anchoring in the spinal cord.

FALSE *pia mater*

The brain and spinal cord are covered by the __________, composed of three membrane layers.

MENINGES

Feeling a structure, like a swollen lymph node in the neck, with the hands is called __________.

PALPATION

In the epidermis, the layer where melanocytes are most often found is the stratum __________.

STRATUM BASALE

In the epidermis, the layer where stem cells are found is the stratum __________.

STRATUM BASALE

Using directional terminology, one could say that the muscles of the arm are __________ to the bones of the arm.

SUPERFICIAL

Using directional terminology, one could say that the liver is __________ to the bladder.

SUPERIOR

(True or False) Intramembranous ossification occurs when bones do not lay down a cartilaginous model, but rather ossify from embryonic connective tissue.

TRUE

which of the following actions is incorrect for the muscle given? a. Gluteus maximus-medially rotates the thigh at the hip joint b. Gluteus minimus-medially rotates the thigh at the hip joint c. Gluteus medius- medially rotates the thigh at the hip joint d. Tensor fasciae latae- laterally rotates the thigh at the hip joint e. 2 answers are incorrect

gluteus maximus LATERALLY rotates tensor fasciae latae LATERALLY rotatoes E. 2 ANSWERS ARE INCORRECT