EXAM 1

(CH 1) Inherent in the idea of self-rule is the idea that government should serve __________. a. the rich - Consider This: While the rich often receive greater representation, self-rule does not only allow for a single group's representation. b. all citizens c. the well-educated d. the most needy

b. all citizens

(CH 2) What is the principle that each branch of the federal government has the means to thwart or influence actions by other branches of government? a. balances and powers - Consider This: The separation of powers is an important aspect to help prevent the abuse of power or misrule of executives and judges. b. checks and balances c. checks and freedoms d. freedom and power

b. checks and balances

(CH 1) Why do some political thinkers believe that democracy is superior to other forms of government? a. because it encourages dreams that can never be achieved b. because it is incapable of promoting progress on important decisions c. because it protects human rights d. because it subverts the views of the masses - Consider This: Recall that democracy presupposes popular sovereignty and participation by all groups, thus producing this superiority.

c. because it protects human rights

(CH 2) Which of the following can be found in Article I? a. Electoral College b. procedure for presidential impeachment c. necessary and proper clause d. supremacy clause - Consider This: The supremacy clause is found in Article VI.

c. necessary and proper clause

(CH 2) Under the Articles of Confederation, the most important decisions were made by __________. a. Congress b. local governments c. state legislatures d. the federal government - Consider This: Given the great geographic expanse of the colonies, a single, unified government seemed unmanageable.

c. state legislatures

(CH 4) In general Americans tend to __________ government. a. love b. hate c. endorse - Consider This: An increasing number of Americans worry that the government has become too large, costly, and mired in bureaucracy. d. distrust

d. distrust

(CH 2) Many of the Founders believed that the __________ contract gave the government its legitimacy. a. consent - Consider This: While the idea of consent played into this contract, it was not what Founders believed gave government its legitimacy. b. governing c. natural d. social

d. social

(CH 4) The changing nature of the global economy affects the typical American worker in what way? a. fewer benefits b. higher wages c. increased unionization d. more high-paying jobs available - Consider This: Hypercompetition has reduced overall wages for American workers.

a. fewer benefits

(CH 2) In spite of the recent changes to the U.S. Constitution that have enhanced its democratic character, the U.S. system is best described as __________ in nature. a. republican b. oligarchic c. dogmatic d. socialist - Consider This: While the term "socialism" is mentioned quite a bit in recent years, true socialism is a complex system of economic and social systems characterized by equality of ownership and production.

a. republican

(CH 4) Recent changes to the age of the American population are most likely to put a strain on which of the following? a. immigration - Consider This: Trends in the average age of the American population run counter to trends in the average age of immigrants into the United States. b. Medicare c. national security d. public schools

b. Medicare

(CH 2) Which of the following best describes the Constitutional Convention? a. The convention was free of significant disagreement. b. The convention was secretive. c. The convention was transparent. - Consider This: Leaders in the states selected seventy-three delegates to attend the convention; fifty-five showed up. d. The convention was split by party divisions.

b. The convention was secretive

(CH 1) If a governmental system is based on the idea of popular sovereignty, what is the basis of power? a. Power should be exercised by an educated elite. b. The ultimate source of authority rests with the people. c. A democratic system is based on the concept of material equality. - Consider This: While popular sovereignty only works if political liberty and equality exist, material equality is not the basis of power. d. Majority rule is unacceptable because it leads to tyranny.

b. The ultimate source of authority rests with the people

(CH 1) Using the framework set forth by the authors of the textbook, how would you characterize the votes by African Americans in the 1960 and 1964 presidential elections with respect to overcoming Southern resistance to African American political participation? a. a structural factor - Consider This: Structural factors may have influenced the votes, but structural factors are not the way in which those votes can be characterized. b. a political linkage c. a governmental factor d. a governmental action

b. a political linkage

(CH 2) The colonists rebelled against the unilateral imposition by the British government of which of the following? a. a military draft b. curfews c. religious laws - Consider This: Freedom of religion was one of the prime reasons that American colonists left England. d. taxes

d. taxes

(CH 2) At the Constitutional Convention, the delegates agreed that slaves would be counted as __________ of a person for determining population for representation in the House of Representatives. a. four-fifths - Consider This: It was determined that slaves would represent just over one-half of a free citizen. b. one-fourth c. one-third d. three-fifths

d. three-fifths

(CH 4) Why were Americans skeptical of the bailouts of the banking and automobile industries during the Great Recession? a. Americans did not want to help industries they perceived to be powerful and privileged. b. Americans discovered that the bailout was a quid pro quo for those industries' support of Barack Obama in the 2008 election. - Consider This: The bailout began during the Bush administration. c. Americans tend to be trusting of government but to distrust specific government policies. d. Americans viewed these industries as being superfluous to the American economy.

a. Americans did not want to help industries they perceived to be powerful and privileged

(CH 5) How do we know that the opinions of people who call in to radio talk shows are not typical of most Americans? a. As a sample, they are unrepresentative of the whole population. b. As a sample, they are perfectly random. - Consider This: The people who call in to radio talk shows or post on internet message boards are not perfectly randomly in the scientific sense. c. As a sample, they lack intensity. d. As a sample, their opinions are ill formed.

a. As a sample, they are unrepresentative of the whole population

(CH 1) Why is citizen engagement in the political process an important condition of popular sovereignty? a. Citizen engagement conveys the will of the people. b. Citizen engagement prevents leaders from being responsible to the public. c. Citizen engagement helps to ensure that the public is well-informed about policy issues. - Consider This: A well-informed public is the responsibility of party leaders, government officials, and the news media. d. Citizen engagement protects the public from overly responsive political leaders.

a. Citizen engagement conveys the will of the people

(CH 1) What does political equality mean? a. Each person carries the same weight in voting and other political decision making. b. The opinions and preferences of citizens are combined into a binding decision through the principle of majority rule. - Consider This: Theoretically, the will of the citizens will affect a decision made by majority rule, but this is not the meaning of political equality. c. The will of the majority is not the ultimate determinant of what government does. d. Each person should have the same opportunities to succeed in society.

a. Each person carries the same weight in voting and other political decision making

(CH 7) Why is grassroots/outside lobbying an effective political tactic? a. Grassroots lobbying shapes public opinion, and elected officials are known to respond to public opinion. b. Interest groups rarely engage in grassroots lobbying, so when they use this tactic, elected officials take notice. c. Grassroots lobbyists collect and bundle together campaign contributions from multiple individuals. This results in one large campaign contribution and thus maximizes the impact of each contributor. -- Consider This: Grassroots lobbying can demonstrate the depth of public concern about an issue. d. Grassroots lobbying depends on building personal connections with elected officials, who are more likely to listen to groups that they know and like.

a. Grassroots lobbying shapes public opinion, and elected officials are known to respond to public opinion

(CH 7) Why was Madison particularly concerned about factions in The Federalist No. 10? a. He believed that factions pursuing their self-interest would work against the broader public interest. b. He worried that factions were too focused on the public good and that they neglected to take care of their own needs. -- Consider This: Madison was also concerned about the rise of political parties. c. He worried that the Constitution did not provide enough opportunities for factions to be involved in politics. d. He worried that factions might prevent the Constitution from being ratified.

a. He believed that factions pursuing their self-interest would work against the broader public interest

(CH 7) How does lobbying Congress differ from lobbying the judicial branch? a. Lobbyists often meet personally with members of Congress, whereas they rarely lobby directly with judges. b. Lobbying the courts requires a law degree, whereas lobbying Congress does not. c. Courts seldom take into account lobbying efforts by interest groups, whereas Congress is heavily influenced by lobbying. -- Consider This: Amicus curiae briefs are often cited by justices. d. Lobbying the judicial branch is more time-consuming than lobbying Congress.

a. Lobbyists often meet personally with members of Congress, whereas they rarely lobby directly with judges

(CH 5) Which of the following statements about the influence of region, education, gender, and age on political attitudes is true? a. Long-term trends show a narrowing in regional differences on many core beliefs and political attitudes. b. Gender is generally considered the strongest single predictor of participation in politics. c. People who have attained a high school education are much more likely to say that they vote than college-educated people. d. Men identify more with the Democrats and are more likely to vote for Democratic candidates than women. - Consider This: Women tend to vote Democratic more frequently than men.

a. Long-term trends show a narrowing in regional differences on many core beliefs and political attitudes

(CH 2) Which of the following best explains why slavery was allowed when the Constitution was written? a. Many feared that slavery would splinter the convention and doom the Union. b. No slaves or free blacks were selected to serve as delegates to the convention. c. There was little public outcry at this time against the institution of slavery. - Consider This: Few interest groups or members of the public actively pressed to end slavery at the time of the Constitutional Convention. d. The wealthy elites at the convention could not see beyond their own self-interest.

a. Many feared that slavery would splinter the convention and doom the Union

(CH 5) __________ are the most staunchly conservative and most solidly Republican of all major religious denominations in the United States. a. Mormons b. Methodists c. Catholics - Consider This: Catholics are pretty evenly split between Republicans and Democrats. d. Buddhists

a. Mormons

Which issue is the most concerning for labor unions? a. Right to work laws b. Stop deportation of illegal immigrant workers c. Raising minimum wages -- Consider This: Labor unions often try to raise the wages of members, but being able to operate is a primary concern. d. Right to create a labor super PAC

a. Right to work laws

(CH 2) Which Continental Congress approved the Declaration of Independence? a. Second b. Third - Consider This: The "third" Continental Congress was referred to as the Confederation Congress and adopted the Articles of Confederation. c. Fourth d. Fifth

a. Second

(CH 7) Why is it significant that business/economic interest groups have more lobbyists in Washington, D.C., than other types of groups? a. Some people fear that government may disproportionately favor business interests in policymaking. b. It has become difficult for other types of organizations to establish a presence in Washington, D.C. c. The business lobby has contributed to the widespread problem of bribing elected officials. -- Consider This: Some people consider campaign contributions to be legal bribery. d. By providing a model for other groups, business lobbyists have enhanced the political influence of public interest and other organizations.

a. Some people fear that government may disproportionately favor business interests in policymaking

(CH 5) Which of the following statements about social class in the United States is true? a. The United States has had very little political conflict among people of different occupational and income groupings, but that may be changing. b. Class warfare underpins most of American politics. - Consider This: While the most recent election results brought up discussions of differences in social classes, this is a relatively new issue in American politics. c. Americans consistently see themselves as members of a distinct social class that is in opposition to others in society. d. Class differences are weakening because the United States is becoming more equal.

a. The United States has had very little political conflict among people of different occupational and income groupings, but that may be changing

(CH 7) Which of the following factors helps to explain why there are so many interest groups in the United States? a. The United States is a very diverse society. b. Political parties in the United States are weak. -- Consider This: In a country of over 300 million people differences of opinion are to be expected. c. There are virtually no restrictions on interest groups' lobbying activities. d. The Constitution requires the formation of interest groups.

a. The United States is a very diverse society

(CH 4) Which of the following statements best describes the United States? a. The country is becoming more diverse. b. The country is becoming increasingly homogenous. c. The country is becoming less heterogeneous. -Consider This: Both the rates of immigration and births to native-born mothers have contributed to population increases in the United States. d. The country is becoming more ideological.

a. The country is becoming more diverse

(CH 4) Why does political culture matter in American politics? a. The solutions to the problems faced by Americans are heavily shaped by our core beliefs. b. It is the cultural values of the United States that allow us to promote collectivist policies. - Consider This: It is not the cultural beliefs of the United States that inform its political culture. c. American political culture supports the policies of outsourcing and heavy government regulation that are critical to a competitive economy. d. Immigrants cannot learn American political culture and as such it is a cleavage in American politics.

a. The solutions to the problems faced by Americans are heavily shaped by our core beliefs

(CH 7) Which of the following best describes political action committees in the context of federal law? a. They are highly regulated by the Federal Election Commission. b. Their donors are anonymous. -- Consider This: There are many significant differences between PACs and Super PACs. c. There are no limits on the amount of donations to a political action committee. d. There are no limits on donation amounts but the donors cannot be anonymous

a. They are highly regulated by the Federal Election Commission

(CH 7) According to your textbook, what seems to be the trend regarding iron triangles in American politics? a. They are less important than in the past. b. They are less powerful than in the past. -- Consider This: Iron triangles, when they exist, are still quite powerful. c. They are much stronger than in the past. d. They are weaker than in the past.

a. They are less important than in the past

(CH 1) According to Aristotle, Jefferson, Rousseau, and Dahl, which of the following would present a large threat to political equality? a. a democracy with a large difference between the rich and the poor b. a democracy with a large and educated ruling class where political power is concentrated c. a democracy with a small difference between the rich and the poor -Consider This: The greater the disparity between economic groups, the greater the potential conflict in democracy arises. d. a democracy with a large and educated ruling class where economic power is concentrated

a. a democracy with a large difference between the rich and the poor

(CH 7) Which of the following best describes the nature of an amicus curiae brief? a. a written argument submitted to a court in support of one side of a case b. a petition to remove a judge from a court case -- Consider This: Amicus curiae briefs are also known as "friend of the court" briefs. c. a petition submitted to Congress in support of or opposition to a judicial nominee d. an internal memo circulated among interest group leaders, briefing them on the details of a court case

a. a written argument submitted to a court in support of one side of a case

(CH 2) Which of the following would the framers have seen as a serious encroachment on controls to protect against majority rule? a. abolishment of the Electoral College b. expansion of the use of executive privilege c. repeal of the Seventeenth Amendment d. voter ID laws and other voter suppression efforts - Consider This: Voter ID laws and voter suppression efforts are viewed by many as a means to prevent Democratic voter turnout.

a. abolishment of the Electoral College

(CH 7) Which of the following is an example of grassroots/outside lobbying? a. an e-mail encouraging members to contact their senators and representatives in Congress b. a meeting held with a regulatory agency regarding the law implementation -- Consider This: Outside lobbying has to do with motivating large sectors of the public. c. a meeting held with a legislator at his Washington DC office. d. a group submitting written testimony in a congressional hearing

a. an e-mail encouraging members to contact their senators and representatives in Congress

(CH 7) Which of the following is an example of an advocacy group? a. an environmental group b. a corporation c. a professional association -- Consider This: A professional association is a type of trade association. d. a group representing state governments

a. an environmental group

(CH 7) Which of the following is the best definition of lobbying? a. attempting to persuade government officials to support a particular policy position b. conducting surveys to gauge public opinion on a policy issue c. convincing potential members to join an interest group by offering them material benefits d. fundraising for political candidates -- Consider This: Lobbyists often raise funds for sympathetic candidates but that is not a primary activity.

a. attempting to persuade government officials to support a particular policy position

(CH 4) Which of the following is a core element of American political culture? a. belief that the common person is just as good as someone with wealth b. belief in government interventionism c. distrust of free enterprise - Consider This: Americans believe strongly in free enterprise. d. support for socialism

a. belief that the common person is just as good as someone with wealth

(CH 4) The American economic system is best characterized as __________. a. capitalist b. isolationist c. mercantilist d. socialist - Consider This: While socialist programs such as Social Security and Medicaid/Medicare exist in the U.S., they represent only a small portion of economic programs.

a. capitalist

(CH 4) Which of the following contributed to globalization? a. development of the Internet b. increased government regulation of American industries - Consider This: The United States began in the 1970s to deregulate a broad range of industries to compete in the global marketplace. c. increased shipping costs d. international agreements that erected trade barriers

a. development of the Internet

(CH 7) In The Federalist No. 10, Madison argued that __________ , or a group of individuals concerned more with their self-interest than with the rights of individuals outside the group or with the needs of society as a whole, were the core threat to the new republic. a. factions b. political parties -- Consider This: The founders were not in favor of political parties, but they did not view them as a large threat to the republic. c. single-issue organizations d. oligarchies

a. factions

(CH 4) Hypercompetition is closely associated with which of the following? a. globalization b. protectionism c. the development and manufacture of the Boeing 747 - Consider This: The maneuvers of the Boeing company with regards to development and manufacturing are only partially associated with hypercompetition. d. the post-Civil War economy

a. globalization

(CH 4) In the 1890s, the U.S. immigrant population was __________. a. greater than now as a percentage of the overall population b. less than now as a percentage of the overall population - Consider This: Even with high numbers of immigrants who have come to the U.S. over the past two decades it is historically lower than at other points in history. c. mostly from Eastern European countries d. mostly from Latin and South American countries

a. greater than now as a percentage of the overall population

(CH 4) Sun Belt states __________. a. have been steadily gaining political power b. have been steadily losing electoral votes c. tend to be more sparsely populated- - Consider This: States in the West and South have seen the largest population increases in the last 60 years. d. tend to have higher tax burdens than other states

a. have been steadily gaining political power

(CH 4) One of the characteristics of capitalism is __________. a. its ability to reward highly-skilled, innovative individuals b. its ability to ensure an equal distribution of wealth in society c. its ability to minimize inequality in the distribution of wealth in society - Consider This: Capitalist economies tend to produce substantial income and wealth inequalities. d. its ability to promote collective bargaining by members of labor associations

a. its ability to reward highly-skilled, innovative individuals

(CH 5) Telephone surveys are __________ than face-to-face interviews. a. less expensive b. more accurate - Consider This: Americans are often hesitant to respond to phone calls due to inundation of spam calls and advertisers, and often screen calls or are unwilling to answer questions. c. less offensive b. more balanced

a. less expensive

(CH 4) Which of the following candidates is most likely to win an election in the United States? a. one who celebrates ordinary Americans b. one who espouses collectivism - Consider This: Americans still strongly believe in individualism. c. one who flaunts Ivy League credentials d. one who trusts government

a. one who celebrates Americans

(CH 7) You are the leader of a consumer rights group that has been unable to get a meeting with your elected representative in Congress. How could you get the attention of your legislator on the issues your group cares about? a. organize a demonstration in the representative's district and invite the media b. file an amicus curiae brief c. draft a bill and introduce it in Congress d. form a political action committee -- Consider This: Outside pressure can be effective when inside lobbying breaks down.

a. organize a demonstration in the representative's district and invite the media

(CH 1) Political actors, institutions, and processes that transmit the demands of the people are known as which of the following? a. political linkage factors b. government actions c. structural factors d. government factors -- Consider This: Government factors refers to the actual public officials and institutions that comprise government.

a. political linkage factors

(CH 2) The biggest and most hotly contested question in the design of the governing institutions in the U.S. Constitution was __________. a. representation in Congress b. states' rights and federalism - Consider This: Both the Virginia and the New Jersey Plans attempted to sort out this hotly contested issue. c. the military powers of the president d. the scope of judicial review under the Supreme Court

a. representation in Congress

(CH 7) If you wanted to join a private interest group, you would seek membership in which of the following? a. the AFL-CIO b. Americans for Tax Reform -- Consider This: ATR is a public interest group. c. the American Red Cross d. the National Organization for Women

a. the AFL-CIO

(CH 2) The stay acts passed by various states prior to the adoption of the U.S. Constitution were seen by some American notables as a(n) ____________. a. threat to private property by radical state legislatures b. assault against the power of the national government c. attempt to establish an aristocracy similar to that in Great Britain d. test of the ability of the states to force citizens to quarter state militia in their homes - Consider This: The quartering of troops in private homes was prohibited in Amendment III of the Bill of Rights.

a. threat to private property by radical state legislatures

(CH 7) Which of the following is a main goal of lobbyists in their dealings with Congress? a. to have bills and provisions in bills they favor pass b. to increase the total amount of congressional earmarks in legislation -- Consider This: Earmarks are just one provision that lobbyists try to get. c. to promote disturbances in the political system d. to encourage the formation of competing groups within the congressional lobbying system

a. to have bills and provisions in bills they favor pass

(CH 1) Which of the following would be an indication of majority tyranny? a. when the majority uses law to suppress the rights of the minority b. when the majority votes for an autocratic leader c. when the minority uses law to suppress the liberties of the majority -- Consider This: Based on the simple idea of a majority versus a minority, it is nearly impossible for a minority to actively suppress the liberties of a majority. d. when the minority uses stalling tactics to delay the implementation of the will of the majority

a. when the majority uses law to suppress the rights of the minority

(CH 5) In comparison with much of the rest of the world, how are Americans distinctive? a. Americans do not define themselves as independents. - Consider This: Americans are unique in that they do identify as independent. b. Americans do not think of themselves as members of a social class. c. Americans, in Democratic households, do not support conservative social policies. d. Americans, in unaffiliated households, do not support conservative economic policies.

b. Americans do not think of themselves as members of a social class

(CH 2) . It was the weaknesses of the first constitution, known as the __________, that prompted the call for a constitutional convention by the various states. a. Magna Carta b. Articles of Confederation c. Confederacy of Newly Independent States d. Declaration of Independence - Consider This: The Declaration of Independence preceded the first constitution.

b. Articles of Confederation

(CH 7) In which way is lobbying the executive branch similar to lobbying the courts? a. Both require a lobbyist to hold a law degree. b. Both can involve lobbying related to the implementation of an existing policy. c. Both are relatively rare, given that most lobbyists focus exclusively on Congress. d. Both typically involve grassroots lobbying. -- Consider This: Grassroots lobbying of the courts is rare.

b. Both can involve lobbying related to the implementation of an existing policy

(CH 1) Using the analytical framework presented by the authors, which of the following would be considered government factors? a. what government does -Consider This: What the government does is considered to be government action. b. Congress, the president, the federal bureaucracy, and the Supreme Court c. those enduring features of American life that influence which issues are important d. all political actors, institutions, and processes that transmit the wants and demands of people and groups in our society to government officials

b. Congress, the president, the federal bureaucracy, and the Supreme Court

(CH 4) Which of the following is an effect of immigration on American politics? a. Politicians choose to ignore immigrant concerns because immigrants have low voter turnout rates. b. Destination states gain in Congress because the apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives is based on a state's entire adult population, regardless of legal status. c. Immigration has provided an important area in which politicians have been able to set aside partisanship and find consensus on a pathway to citizenship for undocumented workers. d. The Supreme Court has issued rulings supporting temporary protections for certain illegal immigrants, overturning Appeals Court decisions in various states. - Consider This: Appeals Court decisions in Texas and New Orleans against protections for illegal immigrants were upheld due to the lack of majority opinion from the US Supreme Court.

b. Destination states gain in Congress because the apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives is based on a state's entire adult population, regardless of legal status

(CH 5) Which of the following would be considered a leading question in a survey? a. How much of a role, if any, do you think the government should have in trying to improve the social and economic position of minority groups in this country—a major role, a minor role, or no role at all? b. Do you think that Americans should be able to make their own health care decisions? c. If your library offered e-books for downloading to mobile devices, would you be very likely, somewhat likely, not too likely, or not at all likely to use this resource? - Consider This: This type of question is an example of a question of intensity. d. How often do you agree with the political positions of your congressional representative—always, almost always, most of the time, only sometimes, or never?

b. Do you think that Americans should be able to make their own health care decisions?

(CH 7) __________ are organizations specifically created to influence government policy. a. Corporations b. Interest groups c. Institutes -- Consider This: Institutes and think tanks and think tanks often have ideological interests they are supporting. d. Factions

b. Interest groups

(CH 7) Which of the following is a difference between an iron triangle and an issue network? a. Iron triangles are open networks while issue networks are closed. -- Consider This: The closed nature of iron triangles is what makes them worrisome to outside observers. b. Issue networks are more open and inclusive than iron triangles. c. Issue networks serve private interests while iron triangles serve public interests. d. Iron triangles are more fluid and control of policymaking is less predictable than in an issue network.

b. Issue networks are more open and inclusive than iron triangles

(CH 2) Who among the following founding thinkers was most likely to support proposed provisions that strengthened national power? a. George Mason b. James Madison c. James Winthrop d. Samuel Adams - Consider This: Samuel Adams was thought of as a radical democrat who supported the notion that the Constitution be easily amended.

b. James Madison

(CH 2) The Great Compromise ended an impasse over the makeup of the legislative branch of government. Under which plan would California and Wyoming (had those states existed at the time) have had the same number of representatives in Congress? a. Connecticut Plan b. New Jersey Plan c. New York Plan d. Virginia Plan - Consider This: The Virginia Plan would have given more populous states more power.

b. New Jersey Plan

(CH 7) Consider the "Applying the Framework" box about the Roberts Court and business. In general, what has been the Supreme Court's overall position toward business in recent years? a. The Court is more liberal and much more supportive of regulating business than it has been since the end of WWI. -- Consider This: Even liberal justices have sided with the court 40% of the time. b. The Court is currently the most pro-business it has been since the end of WWII. c. The Court has become increasingly hostile to business interests. d. The Court rarely hears cases that involve business interests, choosing instead to defer to Congress.

b. The Court is currently the most pro-business it has been since the end of WWII

(CH 2) With respect to the new Constitution, if you wanted to understand what the framers thought were the strengths of the document, where would you look? a. minutes of the Constitutional Convention b. The Federalist Papers d. Treatise on Government - Consider This: The Treatise on Government was a work by John Locke and did not address the framers' ideas of the strengths of the Constitution. d. Declaration of Independence

b. The Federalists Papers

(CH 4) How does inequality in the United States compare with income inequality in other rich democracies around the world? a. The United States ranks at about the middle of the pack in terms of income inequality. While the problem does not seem to be getting worse, it is not getting better either. b. The United States ranks very high on measures of income inequality and the problem seems to be getting worse. c. The United States ranks very high on measures of income inequality but the problem seems to be getting better. - Consider This: The top quintile of households in the U.S. took home 51.5 percent of the national income in 2014 d. The United States ranks very low on measures on income inequality and the problem seems to be getting better.

b. The United States ranks very high on measures of income inequality and the problem seems to be getting worse

(CH 2) During the Constitutional Convention and the ensuing ratification debates the Anti-Federalists argued that the new Constitution suffered from what fundamental flaw? a. The new Constitution created a national government that was too weak and would undermine the survival of the United States. - Consider This: Anti-federalists were concerned with centralized power and an absence of a bill of rights. b. The new Constitution created a national government so strong that it would infringe on the essential liberties of the people. c. The new Constitution gave too much power and authority to the states. d. The new Constitution would be unenforceable due to judicial weakness.

b. The new Constitution created a national government so strong that it would infringe on the essential liberties of the people

(CH 4) How does the poverty rate in the United States compare to other Western democracies? a. The poverty rate in the United States is roughly the same. - Consider This: The Great Recession had a lasting impact on the poverty rate in the United States. b. The poverty rate in the United States is substantially higher. c. The poverty rate for non-white Caucasians in the United States is much higher. d. The poverty rate for single-parent families in the United States is much lower.

b. The poverty rate in the United States is substantially higher

(CH 5) Most online surveys fall prey to which common problem? a. They are too expensive. b. The samples are not random. c. They favor people with extreme opinions. d. They are subject to political bias. - Consider This: While a relationship between political opinions and attitudes and sample may exist, there is no clear indication that those responding to Internet surveys have political leanings one way or the other.

b. The samples are not random

(CH 7) Why are interest groups an important subject of study in American politics? a. They are always successful in getting their demands met by government. b. They provide a venue for citizens to participate in government. c. Most lobbyists eventually serve in Congress. d. They determine what issues get covered in the media. -- Consider This: Interest groups do play a role in agenda setting, but that is not their primary role.

b. They provide a venue for citizens to participate in government

(CH 5) __________ in foreign policy argue that the United States should "go it alone" in the pursuit of its national interests. a. Isolationists - Consider This: Isolationist ideology asserts that a country should stick to its own interests and not be involved in global politics or affairs. b. Unilateralists c. Multinationalists d. Globalists

b. Unilateralists

(CH 1) If people are to form authentic and rational attitudes about public policies and leaders they require which of the following? a. freedom of religious beliefs b. accurate and insightfully interpreted political information c. narrowly framed interpretations of political events - Consider This: Narrowly framed interpretations of political events works in opposition to the formation of authentic and rational attitudes about public policies and leaders. d. continuous polling by public officials to find out political attitudes

b. accurate and insightfully interpreted political information

(CH 7) What is an iron triangle? a. a joining together of interest groups or individuals to achieve common goals -- Consider This: An iron triangle is often able to move specific agenda items very easily. b. an alliance of common interest among an interest group, a congressional committee, and a bureaucratic agency c. an activity directed at government officials with the hope of influencing their decision d. an organization that solicits and receives campaign contributions from corporations, unions, trade associations, and other groups

b. an alliance of common interest among an interest group, a congressional committee, and a bureaucratic agency

(CH 5) Why do African Americans strongly support the Democratic Party? a. because African Americans are fiscally conservative and as such align with the Democrats - Consider This: Democrats are not typically thought of as fiscally conservative. b. because Democrats strongly supported the civil rights movement c. because the Democratic Party has been strongly opposed to expanding public assistance programs d. because African Americans strongly support the use of military force in foreign affairs

b. because Democrats strongly supported the civil rights movement

(CH 7) Since 1946 the U.S. Supreme Court has become steadily in favor of __________. a. labor interests b. business interests c. environmental interests -- Consider This: Eisenhower warned against the Military-Industrial Complex in the 1950s. d. international interests

b. business interests

(CH 7) How does pluralism enhance democracy? a. by requiring people to join interest groups b. by ensuring that no single interest becomes dominant c. by allowing policymakers to ignore the demands of certain organizations -- Consider This: Pluralism often to allows for more voices to be heard. d. by discouraging bargaining and compromise on policy issues

b. by ensuring that no single interest becomes dominant

(CH 4) Based on the text, what aspect of American political culture likely presented the biggest obstacle in the passage of the Affordable Care Act in 2010? a. collectivism b. distrust of government c. societal responsibility to care for all d. unwillingness to help those who deserve it - Consider This: American political culture still strongly supports individualism.

b. distrust of government

(CH 7) In The Federalist No. 10, Madison argued that the system of checks and balances in the new constitution was designed to prevent __________. a. monarchies -- Consider This: The prevention of monarchies was also a goal of the checks and balances. b. factions c. representative government d. Democracy

b. factions

(CH 7) If an interest group does not have standing in a case before a court but still seeks to influence the outcome, it can __________. a. meet with judges to explain the group's policy preferences b. file an amicus curiae brief to present the group's analysis of the case c. file a petition to get the group added to the list of plaintiffs -- Consider This: Friend of the court briefs can sometimes sway a decision. d. offer monetary incentives to the judges in the case

b. file an amicus curiae brief to present the group's analysis of the case

(CH 7) Which of the following is an example of the "inside game"? a. organize the district b. filing an amicus curiae brief c. getting involved in campaigns and elections d. mobilizing membership -- Consider This: Mobilizing members is a classic example of the outside game.

b. filing an amicus curiae brief

(CH 4) American political culture places greater emphasis on __________ than does any other democracy. a. equality of condition - Consider This: Americans strongly believe in equality of opportunity, not condition. b. freedom c. globalization d. human rights

b. freedom

(CH 4) What is the process that has driven the transformation of the American economy in the last few decades? a. depression b. globalization c. inflation - Consider This: Inflation is one specific outcome that the transformative process was aimed at reducing. d. protectionism

b. globalization

(CH 5) Which attitude or policy position represents the largest gap in opinion between the young and the old? a. government sponsorship of legislation that does too much for wealthy Americans b. government sponsorship of legislation that supports same-sex marriage c. government sponsorship of legislation that supports pathway to citizenship for undocumented immigrants - Consider This: Age does not have a clear impact on the viewpoints of Americans regarding undocumented immigrants. d. government sponsorship of legislation that proposes reducing spending on public services

b. government sponsorship of legislation that supports same-sex marriage

(CH 4) Since the 1950s presidential and congressional efforts to address questions about immigration have generally been __________. a. passionately nativist - Consider This: There has been no consensus as to the government's approach to immigration. b. inconsistent and haphazard c. focused on reducing Asian immigration d. proactive and optimistic

b. inconsistent and haphazard

(CH 7) The term used by New York Times commentator David Brooks to describe the massive and powerful interest group structure that he feels clogs the government process is __________. a. interest group socialism -- Consider This: Brooks believes that interest groups corrupt the market. b. interest group capitalism c. interest group hegemony d. interest group triangles

b. interest group capitalism

(CH 5) Which of the following are the main issues faced by researchers conducting public opinion polls? a. issues of timing, sampling, intensity, and employability - Consider This: Employability tends not to be a main issue faced by public opinion polling. b. issues of sampling, timing, intensity, and wording c. issues of intensity, timing, and attribution d. issues of employability, attribution, timing, and wording

b. issues of sampling, timing, intensity, and wording

(CH 4) Which of the following groups constitutes the largest segment of the U.S. population? a. Asian b. non-Hispanic white c. Hispanic - Consider This: Hispanics are the largest minority segment of the U.S. population, but only constitute 17.4 percent of the total U.S. population. d. African American

b. non-Hispanic white

(CH 7) If an interest group were seeking to lobby the executive branch, it would do so by __________. a. filing lawsuits -- Consider This: Lawsuits are often used after a policy has been implemented, not to influence a policy before the fact. b. offering technical information to a bureau leader c. offering PAC contributions to agency heads d. filing amicus curiae briefs

b. offering technical information to a bureau leader

(CH 2) Both eighteenth-century republicanism and the democratic ideal believed that government must be based on which of the following? a. submission b. popular consent c. equality - Consider This: Eighteenth-century Republicanism defined both "the people" and those eligible for office in narrow terms; thus, an emphasis on equality was not part of the ideology. d. participation

b. popular consent

(CH 1) What is the effect of low levels of political participation in a democratic society? a. the quality of information to voters declines - Consider This: The quality of information to voters relies mostly upon the quality of the media, not levels of citizens' political participation. b. popular sovereignty is reduced and democracy is weakened c. the political parties gain power and government becomes more efficient d. partisanship increases and voters become more ideological

b. popular sovereignty is reduced and democracy is weakened

(CH 4) What is a major concern about population growth in wealthy countries? a. revolution will occur when the country gets too large b. population growth will run up against the limits of available resources c. too many people will lead to economic instability - Consider This: High populations in rich countries contribute more heavily to global issues such as climate change. d. communism will be inevitable as the masses organize to demand equality

b. population growth will run up against the limits of available resources

(CH 4) Which of the following best describes the Tea Party movement? a. collectivist - Consider This: The Tea Party does not support collectivist policies. b. populist c. environmentalist d. socialist

b. populist

(CH 2) Article VI, Section 2 of the Constitution, commonly called the supremacy clause, __________. a. blocked the possibility of a tyrannical federal government b. recast a loose confederation into a more centralized federal system c. positioned the judiciary as the ultimate arbiter of federal law d. protected states' rights against a powerful national government - Consider This: The supremacy clause asserts that the Constitution and laws of the United States take precedence over state laws and constitutions.

b. recast a loose confederation into a more centralized federal system

(CH 7) One critique of pluralism is that __________. a. government decisions reflect the balance of competing interests in society b. resources and political power are unequally distributed within society c. individuals with shared grievances always form interest groups to press their demands upon government d. the formation of one group typically stimulates the formation of an opposing group -- Consider This: Citizens are free to join or form interest groups as they see fit.

b. resources and political power are unequally distributed within society

(CH 2) The U.S. Supreme Court has just declared a law passed by Congress as unconstitutional. In the context of checks and balances, which of the following can Congress do? a. vote to eliminate the Supreme Court b. rewrite the law to address the constitutional concerns of the Court c. impeach the majority justices for failing to comply with the will of Congress - Consider This: Checks and balances are set up to prevent this exact situation from occurring. d. pass an immediate constitutional amendment to deal with the constitutionality issue

b. rewrite the law to address the constitutional concerns of the Court

(CH 5) Which of the following is likely to contribute to a negative presidential approval rating? a. falling inflation b. rising unemployment c. rising employment d. rising confidence about the future - Consider This: Prosperous times tend to positively impact approval ratings.

b. rising unemployment

(CH 7) Which of the following is an example of a trade association? a. the AFL-CIO b. the National Association of Manufacturers c. the American Association of Retired People (AARP) d. the National Rifle Association -- Consider This: The NRA is a very powerful interest group focused only on one issue.

b. the National Association of Manufacturers

(CH 4) A populist would most likely join which of the following organizations? a. a country club b. the Occupy Wall Street movement c. the U.S. Chamber of Commerce d. a pro-choice organization - Consider This: The populist movement has to do with the power of the ordinary individual, rather than actual individual freedoms.

b. the Occupy Wall Street movement

(CH 1) With regard to the 1965 Voting Rights Act, which of the following is best classified as a government factor? a. the growing electoral power of African Americans outside the South b. the Supreme Court, which was becoming increasingly supportive of civil rights c. the rules established by the Constitution - Consider This: The Constitution is always considered to be a structural type of factor. d. Jim Crow laws

b. the Supreme Court, which was becoming increasingly supportive of civil rights

(CH 4) According to American political culture, who is mostly to blame for the problems facing an alcoholic? a. society as a whole - Consider This: American political culture believes heavily in the belief that one's fate is in one's own hands, rather than being the product of social or economic forces. b. the alcoholic c. the alcoholic's family d. the government

b. the alcoholic

(CH 2) Why were the Founders worried about the popular assemblies that had been implemented by the states at the time of the Constitutional Convention? a. the assemblies lacked real democratic mechanisms b. the assemblies violated the republican notions of a deliberative legislative body insulated from popular opinion c. the assemblies were voting to overturn slavery in the southern states d. the assemblies contradicted the values of a unitary system embedded in the philosophies of the Founders - Consider This: Popular assemblies in several states kept tabs on state legislatures and issued instructions to legislatures concerning which bills to pass.

b. the assemblies violated the republican notions of a deliberative legislative body insulated from popular opinion

(CH 2) The Great Compromise sought to address which heavily debated issue at the 1787 Constitutional Convention? a. the form of the executive branch b. the form of the legislative branch c. the legality of slavery - Consider This: Though slavery was a heavily debated issue, it is not the issue referred to in terms of The Great Compromise. d. the number of Supreme Court justices

b. the form of the legislative branch

(CH 2) Which of the following was the key inspiration for the American Revolution? a. to increase trade with Great Britain b. to preserve an existing way of life c. to promote expansion to the west - Consider This: The main goal of the Revolution was less related to growth and expansion of a new country, and more related to maintaining traditional rights that seemed threatened by British policies. d. to protect fledgling state's rights

b. to preserve an existing way of life

(CH 7) What is the main objective of most labor unions? a. to protect consumers from unsafe products b. to protect jobs and secure favorable wages and benefits for their members c. to ensure equality of all people under the law d. to support free trade policies -- Consider This: Unions often oppose free trade as it is believed to cost jobs in the U.S.

b. to protect jobs and secure favorable wages and benefits for their members

(CH 1) Political linkages are particularly suited to which of the following? a. communicating the most fundamental and enduring factors that influence politics - Consider This: While political linkage is a communicator on some level, it is not concerned with the most fundamental and enduring factors that influence politics. b. transmitting the desires of people to representatives in government c. overseeing the policymaking activities of Congress and the presidency d. influencing the distribution of income and wealth in society

b. transmitting the desires of people to representatives in government

(CH 5) Hispanics in the United States are most likely to __________. a. vote for Republicans b. vote for Democrats c. vote for third-party candidates -Consider This: Independent or third-party are the second largest group of votes cast by Hispanic voters. d. vote in national elections but not local elections

b. vote for Democrats

(CH 5) Under what conditions is public opinion less likely to play a role in shaping government policy? a. when an issue is highly visible - Consider This: Highly visible issues are frequently impacted by public opinion. b. when an issue is buried in complexity and obscurity c. when people have reliable and understandable information about an issue d. when an issue affects the lives of people directly

b. when a issue is buried in complexity and obscurity

(CH 7) According to the disturbance theory, interest groups form _________. a. when factional interests influence individual rights and disturb the collective well-being of the country b. when individuals' interest are threatened by changes in the social and economic environment or in government policy. c. when many members of a population attempt to benefit from an activity, or a policy that activity is trying to influence, even if they did not actively participate in the effort d. when multiple groups and interests make demands on government, and government ignores the demands -- Consider This: Interest groups are often formed by like-minded individuals.

b. when individuals' interest are threatened by changes in the social and economic environment or in government policy

(CH 2) In what year was the U.S. Constitution ratified? a. 1776 - Consider This: In 1776, the Declaration of Independence was adopted. b. 1777 c. 1788 d. 1791

c. 1788

(CH 4) Prior to the recent surge in immigration, Figure 4.2 shows that the largest wave of new immigrants came to the United States in the years between __________. a. 1840 and 1860 - Consider This: The largest wave of immigration to the United States happened after the Civil War. b. 1864 and 1875 c. 1891 and 1900 d. 1950 and 1984

c. 1891 and 1900

(CH 2) To date what is the total number of amendments added to the U.S. Constitution? a. 10 b. 17 - Consider This: Seventeen amendments have been added since 1791. c. 27 d. 37

c. 27

(CH 4) During the first three years of the economic recovery following the Great Recession, the top 1 percent of Americans enjoyed __________ percent of the national income. a. 65 b. 85 - Consider This: Top 1 percent took in more than 85 percent of the national income in the years following the Great Recession. c. 95 d. 100

c. 95

(CH 1) Who wrote the classic text Politics? a. Plato - Consider This: Plato's classic work is Republic. b. Marx c. Aristotle d. Locke

c. Aristotle

(CH 2) Which of the following specifies the procedure for amending the Constitution? a. Article I b. Article III - Consider This: Article III addresses the Judicial Branch and its powers. c. Article V d. Article IX

c. Article V

(CH 7) How might lobbying Congress be similar to lobbying the courts? a. Both involve lobbying related to pending legislation. -- Consider This: People lobby the courts about existing legislation or policies. b. Both involve use of PAC contributions to gain access to decision makers (i.e., legislators and judges). c. Both are examples of the "inside game." d. Both typically involve grassroots lobbying.

c. Both are examples of the "inside game."

(CH 2) The members of the Second Continental Congress were pushed toward independence in part through the publication of which essay? a. American Cousin b. Articles of Confederation c. Common Sense d. Federalist No. 10 - Consider This: James Madison was the author of Federalist No. 10, which asserted that too much participation of the people may negatively impact democracy.

c. Common Sense

(CH 2) The Declaration of Independence was debated and adopted by which of the following institutions? a. the U.S. Congress b. Constitutional Congress - Consider This: The Constitutional Congress convened in 1787, after the Declaration of Independence was adopted. c. Continental Congress d. Revolutionary Congress

c. Continental Congress

(CH 2) As a check against majority tyranny, under the Constitution the president is elected by which of the following? a. Congressional College b. Election College - Consider This: There is no formal entity referred to as the "election college". c. Electoral College d. Presidential College

c. Electoral College

(CH 2) Which of the following generally favored a strong national government and supported the proposed U.S. Constitution? a. Anti-Federalists - Consider This: Anti-Federalists opposed the Constitution. b. Constitutionalists c. Federalists d. Whigs

c. Federalists

(CH 7) How does grassroots/outside lobbying differ from other efforts by interest groups to influence government? a. Grassroots/outside lobbying focuses more than other forms of advocacy on cultivating relationships with elected officials. b. Grassroots/outside lobbying is more effective than other forms of advocacy. c. Grassroots/outside lobbying focuses more than other forms of advocacy on influencing public opinion to support groups' goals. d. Grassroots lobbying is more costly than other forms of advocacy. -- Consider This: Although it can be expensive, large groups of volunteers can mean it is also very cost effective.

c. Grassroots/outside lobbying focuses more than other forms of advocacy on influencing public opinion to support groups' goals.

(CH 5) If your friend was raised by parents who consistently voted Republican, what political opinion of Democrats would you expect him to hold? a. He would be indifferent to Democratic presidents. b. He would have roughly the same feelings toward Democratic presidents as Republican ones. c. He would be more skeptical of Democratic presidents than Republican ones. d. He would, because of the liberalizing effect of age, be less skeptical of Democratic presidents than Republican ones. —Consider This: Family is where children pick up trust or distrust that carries throughout their lives.

c. He would be more skeptical of Democratic presidents than Republican ones

(CH 5) Why do survey researchers worry about the wording of their questions when doing polling? a. How a question is worded can unintentionally, but not intentionally, skew results. - Consider This: A question's wording can be intentional or unintentional. Regardless, it can impact results. b. How a question is worded can intentionally, but not unintentionally, skew results. c. How a question is worded can affect how it is answered. d. How a question is worded can generate a low degree of consensus.

c. How a question is worded can affect how it is answered

(CH 5) Which is an argument for the use of public opinion polling to set public policy? a. Americans tend to support government policies that make their economic positions worse. b. Most Americans do not know what goes on in the world. -- Consider This: The amount of Americans who have a true grasp of what is going on in the world does not negate the fact that a true democracy must be representative of its constituents. c. In a democracy, the people must have their voice heard by those in government. d. Repeated surveys of the same Americans have found that their responses to policy questions seem to change randomly.

c. In a democracy, the people must have their voice heard by those in government

Which of the following best describes the trends in union membership in the United States? a. It is rising rapidly. b. It is rising slowly. c. It is declining. d. It is relatively stable. -- Consider This: Union membership is often linked to manufacturing jobs.

c. It is declining

(CH 2) The Founders were both politicians and philosophers who were heavily influenced by the work of which of the following great thinkers? a. George Berkeley - Consider This: George Berkeley was an Irish philosopher who can be viewed as the opposition to the great thinker in question. b. John Dewey c. John Locke d. Michael Foucault

c. John Locke

(CH 7) How does lobbying the executive branch differ from lobbying Congress? a. Fewer interest groups lobby Congress than lobby the executive branch. b. Lobbying the executive branch has less impact on government than lobbying Congress. -- Consider This: Lobbying the executive branch is usually aimed at changing existing policies. c. Lobbying the executive branch focuses more on rule-making, whereas lobbying Congress focuses more on pending legislation. d. Lobbying the executive branch focuses more on executive orders, whereas lobbying Congress focuses more on elections.

c. Lobbying the executive branch focuses more on rule-making, whereas lobbying Congress focuses more on pending legislation

(CH 2) Which plan called for a one-house legislature and multi-person executive? a. Connecticut b. Maryland c. New Jersey d. Virginia - Consider This: The Virginia Plan proposed the creation of a strong central government dominated by a bicameral Congress that would be controlled by the most populous states.

c. New Jersey

(CH 1) What is the core idea that shapes democracy? a. Minorities have the full power of decision making over all matters that affect them. b. The people may not be right but the people are never wrong. - Consider This: While the focus of democracy is certainly on "the people" and the choices made by the people, there is no indication or agreement that the people are never wrong. c. Ordinary people are capable of making choices about self-governance. d. Policy is determined by tyranny of the majority.

c. Ordinary people are capable of making choices about self-governance

(CH 4) Which of the following is a political linkage that can be used to understand why poverty in the United States only barely declined during recent periods of strong economic growth? a. Poor people have little initiative, even in good economic times. Consider This - 9 rates decline during times of economic prosperity. b. Religious organizations typically cut back their charity programs during good economic times. c. Public opinion opposes government programs that seem to redistribute income. d. The national government has not created major programs to eliminate poverty.

c. Public opinion opposes government programs that seem to redistribute income

(CH 4) __________ is the largest economy in the world. a. China - Consider This: Despite having the world's largest population, China does not have the largest economy in the world. b. Japan c. The United States d India

c. The United States

(CH 7) What is notable about PACs that have organized to serve the interests of the poor and underprivileged in American society? a. They have influence that is disproportionate to their numbers in society. -- Consider This: PACs often are focused on fundraising and distributing funds. b. They have far more success when playing the inside game than the outside game. c. The fact that they are nearly absent in American politics. d. The fact that they are much more successful in lobbying the executive branch than Congress.

c. The fact that they are nearly absent in American politics

(CH 5) Which of the following supports the claim that aggregate public opinion is rational? a. Middle-class and lower-income Americans tend to support government policies that make their economic positions worse. b. Many Americans who protested the decision of the Supreme Court, in 2012, to uphold the Affordable Care Act did not know very much about what was in the law. c. When the country is prosperous and ordinary Americans are doing well and feeling confident about the future, presidential approval ratings tend to be high. d. People have only vague, media-provided pictures in their heads of what goes on in the world. - Consider This: Rational public opinion asserts that the collective public opinion is generally stable and consistent and when it does change, it is due to a response to events, changing circumstances, or new information.

c. When the country is prosperous and ordinary Americans are doing well and feeling confident about the future, presidential approval ratings tend to be high.

(CH 2) The original purpose of the 1787 meeting in Philadelphia was to __________. a. repeal the stay acts b. approve the Bill of Rights for the new Constitution c. amend and strengthen the Articles of Confederation d. write a new constitution for the United States - Consider This: While this was the ultimate outcome of the convention, it was not the original purpose of it.

c. amend and strengthen the Articles of Confederation

(CH 7) Which of the following would best define a trade association? a. a coalition of public interest groups in a specific policy area, such as environmental policy -- Consider This: The Motion Picture Association of America is a trade association. b. an organization that coordinates exchanges of information and resources among multiple interest groups c. an organization that represents businesses within a specific industry d. an organization that represents the federal government during the negotiation of international trade agreements

c. an organization that represents businesses within a specific industry

(CH 4) In the last few decades, American corporations have __________. a. almost always preferred protectionism over free trade - Consider This: American corporations work within and promote capitalism, which emphasizes free trade. b. become apolitical c. become more global d. helped reduce the gap between rich and poor

c. become more global

(CH 7) How might an interest group seek to influence the judicial branch? a. through letter-writing campaigns addressed to particular judges -- Consider This: Justices serve for life getting the right judge on the court is important. b. by publishing editorials in major newspapers stating their views on cases c. by getting involved in the appointment of federal judges d. by testifying before congressional committees

c. by getting involved in the appointment of federal judges

(CH 1) When the government guarantees equal access to the benefits of citizenship by all groups they are ensuring __________. a. majority rule b. civil liberties - Consider This: Civil liberties includes the freedoms of speech, press, conscience, and association. c. civil rights d. popular sovereignty

c. civil rights

(CH 2) The Articles of Confederation were so weak they could not prevent states from engaging in __________ war with one another. a. political b. outright c. commercial d. territorial - Consider This: The Articles did give states power, independence, and sovereignty, such that territorial disputes were not the most significant problem.

c. commercial

(CH 7) During recent election cycles __________ have dominated all forms of campaign financing. a. the middle class b. labor unions -- Consider This: The Citizens United decision opened the door for many previously barred campaign financing options. c. corporations d. minimum-wage workers

c. corporations

(CH 2) What explains the decision to eventually eliminate anti-slavery language in the new constitution? a. anti-slavery sentiment - Consider This: Anti-slavery delegates at the Convention feared states with large slave populations would doom efforts to create a new government if forced to give up their slaves. b. Connecticut Compromise c. fear of splintering the convention d. slave states had more votes

c. fear of splintering the convention

(CH 4) Which of the following makes typical Americans the most nervous? a. capitalism - Consider This: Overall, Americans still strongly support capitalism. b. democracy c. globalization d. industrialization

c. globalization

(CH 1) Under which circumstance is political equality violated? a. if citizens are free to argue and debate b. if citizens are free to form and express their political opinions- Consider This: Citizens' ability to form and express their political opinions is a benchmark of democracy. c. if some people can speak out but others cannot d. if people are encouraged to participate in politics

c. if some people can speak out but others cannot

(CH 7) Pluralism assumes that __________. a. only wealthy interests have influence over government decisions b. government decisions reflect the preferences of elites c. interest groups are integral to government decisions d. policymakers care more about public opinion than interest groups' preferences -- Consider This: pluralism also assumes that election results do not tell the whole story.

c. interest groups are integral to government decisions

(CH 4) Which of the following has been a benefit of globalization for Americans? a. hypercompetition - Consider This: Hypercompetition has led to companies cutting benefits, retirement plans, and workforce numbers. b. low rates of inflation c. lower prices on goods d. higher interest rates on investments

c. lower prices on goods

(CH 7) The most common way a group can engage in grassroots lobbying is by __________. a. using high-paid professionals to contact legislators b. getting the media to cover an issue -- Consider This: Media coverage is a goal, but it is important to have a large base of support too. c. mobilizing local constituencies d. using campaign contributions to influence elections

c. mobilizing local constituencies

(CH 1) A government in which a minority holds power over the majority is generally referred to as a(n) __________. a. kleptocracy b. monarchy - Consider This: Monarchy is rule over the people by one. c. oligarchy d. sovereignty

c. oligarchy

(CH 4) The commitment of Americans to individualism is a reflection of American __________. a. religiosity b. patriotic socialization - Consider This: Political socialization is the process by which Americans pass on their core beliefs to new generations. c. political culture d. suffrage

c. political culture

(CH 4) Today, unequal distribution of wealth and income in the United States results in __________. a. estate redistribution laws b. laws of primogeniture - Consider This: Laws of primogeniture predate written history. c. political divisions and conflicts d. similar ideologies across the entire income spectrum

c. political divisions and conflicts

(CH 4) Members of the Occupy Wall Street movement are most likely to have what beliefs? a. communist - Consider This: Occupy Wall Street was aimed directly at an out-of-touch corporate elite. b. elitist c. populist d. racist

c. populist

(CH 7) If you were working as a lobbyist, which of the following would be part of your regular daily activities? a. answering e-mails from elected officials' constituents b. speaking on behalf of elected officials at press conferences c. providing elected officials with information about an interest group's position on a bill or issue d. providing legal counsel to interest groups in court cases -- Consider This: Many lobbyists are lawyers, but they do not always go before the court.

c. providing elected officials with information about an interest group's position on a bill or issue

(CH 7) What is the primary mechanism for lobbyists to influence a member of Congress? a. filing amicus curiae briefs b. organizing protests and demonstrations on Capitol Hill c. providing technical information on policy issues d. offering them money to vote a particular way -- Consider This: Bribery is a very rare and illegal tactic in lobbying.

c. providing technical information on policy issues

(CH 5) Which type of survey question is best suited to addressing concerns about errors in public opinion polling resulting from difficulty in measuring intensity? a. questions with simple yes-or-no options - Consider This: Polls with simple "yes" or "no" responses are closed-ended and cannot measure intensity. b. questions with approve-or-disapprove options c. questions with five to seven options, ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree d. questions with interviewee-bias measures built in

c. questions with five to seven options, ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree

(CH 5) Asian Americans are more conservative on __________ issues than most other Americans. a. foreign policy - Consider This: Asian Americans constitute a small but growing part of the U.S. population, and there is sparse systematic research on the political opinions of the group in general. b. economic c. social d. trade

c. social

(CH 1) Representative democracy best describes government in which of the following? a. ancient Greece - Consider This: Ancient Greeks practiced direct democracy. b. eighteenth-century Europe c. the United States d. North Korea

c. the United States

(CH 1) The idea of all citizens making decisions in an open assembly about how best to run society is most closely associated with which of the following views of democracy? a. the framers' view of democracy b. indirect democracy - Consider This: Direct democracy is the idea of rule by common people exercised directly in open assemblies. c. the ancient Greeks' view of democracy d. representative democracy

c. the ancient Greek's view of democracy

(CH 1) What did Jim Crow laws represent? a. the official system of integration in the South -- Consider This: Jim Crow was the technically legal way that African Americans were continually treated as second-class citizens. b. the voter registration system in the South that frequently disenfranchised blacks c. the official system of segregation in the South d. the official social contract used in the South

c. the official system of segregation in the South

(CH 7) According to recent research it seems that congressional policy ultimately is tied to the wishes of __________. a. the middle class -- Consider This: The middle class is often talked about in campaigns, but their interests are not necessarily prevalent in policy decisions. b. the working class c. the wealthiest Americans d. the organized labor unions

c. the wealthiest Americans

(CH 2) Why did Madison and others insist on adopting a system of separation of powers for the United States? a. to ensure the power of the executive b. to promote justice c. to prevent tyranny by any one branch d. to create gridlock in government - Consider This: Some might argue that the systems of checks and balances that we have in our modern government create some gridlock, but it was not the intention.

c. to prevent tyranny by any one branch

(CH 5) When is it likely that children will adopt the partisan identification of their parents? a. when the parents remain married through the child's early adolescence - Consider This: Parental marital status does not tend to have a significant impact on political leanings of children. b. when the parents remain married through the child's high school years c. when the parents share the same party identification d. when the parents do not share the same party identification

c. when the parents share the same party identification

(CH 7) A public interest group is a group that __________. a. conducts research and analysis on public policy issues -- Consider This: Public interest groups often have a specific ideology or cause they are promoting. b. expresses its political views publicly c. works to gain benefits for society as a whole d. most people in society know about

c. works to gain benefits for society as a whole

(CH 2) In what year was the Bill of Rights added to the Constitution? a. 1776 - Consider This: The Declaration of Independence was drafted and adopted in 1776. b. 1788 c. 1789 d. 1791

d. 1791

(CH 5) If findings from a random sample of 1,500 people have a 95 percent chance of accurately reflecting the views of the whole population within 3 percentage points, what percentage of the overall population would favor changing voting day from Tuesday to Sunday if the poll found that 57 percent of those polled favored the change? a. 54 percent - Consider This: Percentage points go both ways. b. 57 percent c. 60 percent d. 54 to 60 percent

d. 54 to 60 percent

(CH 5) __________ are the most solidly Democratic of any voting group in the population. a. Senior citizens b. College students - Consider This: While college students tend to be liberal in their beliefs, they are not overwhelmingly Democratic. c. Asian Americans d. African Americans

d. African Americans

(CH 2) Jackie attends a protest against animal testing. Which of the following secures her right to attend this protest? a. The Second Treatise on Government b. The Federalist Papers c. Declaration of Independence - Consider This: The Declaration of Independence is a document declaring the United States as its own nation; it does not address the rights of individuals. d. Bill of Rights

d. Bill of Rights

(CH 2) Which of the following was a problem under the Articles of Confederation? a. The national government was too strong compared to the states. - Consider This: The Articles preserved the power, independence, and sovereignty of the states and ensured that the central government would not encroach upon the liberties of the people. b. The government derived its power from the citizens themselves. c. Congress imposed excessive taxes. d. Citizens lacked a national identity.

d. Citizens lacked a national identity

(CH 5) Which of the following statements about the political attitudes of Democrats is false? a. Democrats are less likely to support big business than Republicans. b. Democrats are less likely to favor an assertive national security policy than Republicans. c. Democrats are more likely to support the regulation of business for consumer protection than Republicans. - Consider This: Republicans are more likely to support deregulation of business. d. Democrats are much less likely to support government programs to help the poor than Republicans.

d. Democrats are much less likely to support government programs to help the poor than Republicans

(CH 7) Which of the following statements, if true, would support the idea of pluralism? a. The number of interest groups in Washington, D.C., has decreased over the past several decades. b. Elected officials rarely take into account the views of interest groups. -- Consider This: Pluralism advocates for a wide variety of voices to be heard. c. Business/economic interests have more lobbyists in Washington, D.C., than other types of organizations. d. Elected officials seek out the opinions of multiple interest groups when creating policy.

d. Elected officials seek out the opinions of multiple interest groups when creating policy

(CH 1) Why is it important for democratic citizens to have high-quality information? a. High-quality information ensures that public opinion will coalesce around public policy solutions that are agreeable to most Americans. - Consider This: Ideally, high-quality information will help to ensure that public opinion aligns with public policy solutions that are agreeable to most Americans, but this is simply not reality. b. High-quality information is a prerequisite for voting in most states. c. Political leaders respond only to informed public opinion, and the public cannot be informed without high-quality information. d. High-quality information enables the formation of political opinions that are consistent with one's values and interests.

d. High-quality information enables the formation of political opinions that are consistent with one's values and interests

(CH 5) Which of the following statements is more likely than the others to be a cause of concern for Republican candidates for office with respect to the Hispanic vote? a. Most Hispanic Americans are likely to be Catholic. - Consider This: Catholics tend to be Republican, but that is not a guarantee. b. Most Hispanic Americans have conservative social values. c. Republican sponsorship and support for laws that crack down on illegal immigrants has been neutralized in some states by their opposition to English-only legislation. d. Hispanics, the fastest-growing ethnic group and largest minority group in the United States, have supported Democrats in recent elections.

d. Hispanics, the fastest-growing ethnic group and largest minority group in the United States, have supported Democrats in recent elections

(CH 7) How might you characterize the difference between inside lobbying and outside lobbying? a. Inside lobbying focuses on reelecting incumbent candidates, while outside lobbying pursues the election of challengers. b. Inside lobbying most often occurs with members of Congress and their staff, while outside lobbying focus primarily on the executive branch. c. Inside lobbying occurs within the power structures of Washington, while outside lobbying is driven by individuals who are "outside" the political system. -- Consider This: Most groups pursue both inside and outside lobbying strategies. d. Inside lobbyists advocate directly with decision makers in government, while outside lobbying seek to influence opinion and stimulate action by the general public.

d. Inside lobbyists advocate directly with decision makers in government, while outside lobbying seek to influence opinion and stimulate action by the general public

(CH 2) Which of the following statements best characterizes the ratification process for the new constitution? a. It was done without debate. - Consider This: The battle for ratification was heated and its outcome was far from certain. b. It was done by unanimous consent. c. It was relatively easy. d. It was a close call.

d. It was a close call

(CH 7) How does lobbying the executive branch differ from lobbying the judicial branch? a. Lobbying the courts requires a law degree, whereas lobbying the executive branch does not. b. It is much more costly for interest groups to lobby the courts than to lobby the executive branch. c. Lobbying the executive branch focuses on pending legislation, whereas lobbying the courts focuses on overturning existing law. -- Consider This: Executive branch lobbying also usually involves existing legislation. d. Lobbying the executive branch focuses on how agencies will carry out procedures, rules, and regulations, whereas lobbying the courts focuses on how laws are interpreted by judges.

d. Lobbying the executive branch focuses on how agencies will carry out procedures, rules, and regulations, whereas lobbying the courts focuses on how laws are interpreted by judges

(CH 5) Which of the following statements about the political attitudes of Asian Americans is false? a. On social issues, Asian Americans are somewhat more conservative than other Americans. b. A majority of Asian Americans support the death penalty. c. Asian Americans are less likely to vote and express an interest in politics than others of equal educational and financial status. - Consider This: Asian Americans tend to vote less than other cultural groups, and therefore it is difficult to observe any real data and research on political leanings. d. On the role of government in the economy, Asian Americans are more conservative than other Americans.

d. On the role of government in the economy, Asian Americans are more conservative than other Americans

(CH 5) Serena is a white, middle-class mother of two, in her mid-fifties, who works as a librarian in the public library system of a large city in the American West. She tends to support Democratic candidates whose policies provide an economic safety net for those hardest hit by recessions but on occasion will vote Republican when government enforcement of order and traditional values are under siege. Which label best describes Serena's thinking? a. Serena is a liberal. b. Serena is an economic liberal and a lifestyle liberal. c. Serena is an economic conservative and a lifestyle conservative. - Consider This: Serena's view of economic safety nets being necessary for those hit by recession indicates economic liberalism. d. Serena is an economic liberal and a social conservative.

d. Serena is an economic liberal and a social conservative

(CH 2) __________ Rebellion was a protest by farmers in Massachusetts to stop foreclosures by state courts. a. Brown's b. James's - Consider This: This rebellion occurred when armed men took over courthouses in order to prevent judges from ordering seizure of farms and incarceration of owners in debtors' prison. c. Miller's d. Shay's

d. Shay's

(CH 4) What regions have benefited the most from shifting political power in the last few decades? a. Great Lakes and Pacific Northwest b. Southwest and Mountain - Consider This: Both of these areas are collectively considered the West. c. Northeast and Midwest d. South and West

d. South and West

(CH 1) Why is direct democracy untenable in the United States? a. It exudes socialism. b. It yields inferior policy results. c. The U.S. population is too heavily concentrated in California. - Consider This: The location of the population is less important than the size of the population. d. The U.S. population is too large.

d. The U.S. population is too large

(CH 7) Tax rates for the wealthiest Americans, particularly the super-wealthy, have dropped dramatically over the past three and a half decades, regardless of whether Republicans or Democrats are in control in Washington. What does this suggest? a. Both Democrats and Republicans are in favor of lowering taxes for the wealthy. -- Consider This: Taxing the wealthy is often seen as a good campaign promise, but it rarely occurs. b. Bribery is rampant in Washington. c. The disturbance theory has influenced tax brackets over the past thirty years, as predicted. d. The political influence of wealthy Americans has been fairly constant no matter which party has headed the government.

d. The political influence of wealthy Americans has been fairly constant no matter which party has headed the government

(CH 4) Which of the following statements about income inequality in the United States is most accurate? a. The rich and the middle class are both decreasing their wealth. b. The rich are decreasing their wealth and the middle class are increasing theirs. c. The rich aren't changing their wealth and the middle class are decreasing theirs. -Consider This: The top quintile of households took home the highest share of income ever recorded in 2014. d. The rich are increasing their wealth and the middle class aren't changing theirs.

d. The rich are increasing their wealth and the middle class aren't changing theirs

(CH 4) What is the default position of most Americans when it comes to government? a. They rebel against it. - Consider This: Most Americans still expect the government to provide certain services, and protections. b. They prefer government solutions to problems. c. They think it is too efficient. d. They distrust it.

d. They distrust it

(CH 4) Which of the following best describes the members of the international Association of Machinists after Boeing made its bold threat to leave Everett, Washington? a. Their economic status improved greatly. b. The union was stronger. -Consider This: Union leaders and members faced extreme pressure from both Boeing and state legislators to accept the proposed contract. c. They moved from the middle class to the upper middle class. d. They were worse off than before.

d. They were worse off than before

(CH 4) Why do poverty and economic inequality threaten democracy? a. Democracy is predicated on economic equality. - Consider This: Democracy is predicated on the belief that our government should be accessible by the people. b. Economic inequality increases the incentives for political participation. c. Economic inequality means that fewer citizens are affected by government decisions. d. Those who are poor are less effective democratic citizens.

d. Those who are poor are less effective democratic citizens

(CH 2) Which of the following plans proposed proportional representation for the U.S. Congress? a. New Jersey - Consider This: The New Jersey Plan proposed a strong central government with power proportionate to states based upon population. b. Ohio c. Pennsylvania d. Virginia

d. Virginia

(CH 4) Which of the following would generally fall into the occupational definition of middle class used by sociologists? a. a lawyer b. an engineer - Consider this: Engineers tend to hold advanced degrees. c. a minimum wage worker d. a blue-collar manufacturing worker

d. a blue-collar manufacturing worker

(CH 4) Which of the following candidates for public office is most likely to receive support from the middle-class voter in the United States? a. a collectivist b. an agnostic - Consider This: The Unite States still has a strikingly religious society. c. an elitist d. a populist

d. a populist

(CH 7) An interest group organized to support a general cause or an ideology is known as __________. a. an advisory group b. an information group -- Consider This: Interest groups often try to sway either public opinion or the opinion of policy makers. c. an opinion group d. an advocacy group

d. an advocacy group

(CH 7) A sub-government or iron triangles is composed of which of the following components? a. the president, Congress, and the Supreme Court -- Consider This: Iron triangles are a concern because they often involve only a few policy players. b. the House of Representatives, the Senate, and an executive branch agency c. an executive branch agency, a congressional committee, and the president d. an executive branch agency, a congressional committee, and an interest group

d. an executive branch agency, a congressional committee, and an interest group

(CH 7) Which of the following best defines a political action committee? a. an organization within a political party that coordinates campaign events b. an organization that focuses on grassroots/outside lobbying c. an organization that conducts voter registration drives -- Consider This: The action in a PAC is primarily fundraising. d. an organization that solicits campaign contributions and distributes them to political candidates

d. an organization that solicits campaign contributions and distributes them to political candidates

(CH 2) Prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment, how were senators selected? a. by direct election - Consider This: The Seventeenth Amendment set forth that senators would be elected by the people. b. by the president c. by state governors d. by state legislators

d. by state legislators

(CH 4) Consistent with their belief in individualism, Americans tend to support __________. a. social equality b. economic equality - Consider This: Americans tend to believe that it is up to the individual to lift themselves up economically. c. equality of condition d. equality of opportunity

d. equality of opportunity

(CH 4) Recent trends in urban renewal in the United States has primarily been driven by __________. a. the middle class b. the Great Recession - Consider This: The Great Recession saw a population shift towards the South and West. c. older Americans d. immigrants

d. immigrants

(CH 5) Which of the following is least likely to have an effect on your political socialization? a. a college education - Consider This: College experiences tend to have a liberalizing effect on young adults. b. popular culture c. school d. intelligence

d. intelligence

(CH 7) Which of the following is the main type of organization that lobbies on behalf of workers? a. public interest group -- Consider This: Public Interest groups ideologies may overlap with the interests of workers. b. trade association c. corporation d. labor union

d. labor union

(CH 7) When an interest group seeks to __________, it might file an amicus curiae brief. a. engage in grassroots or outside lobbying b. lobby an executive branch agency c. influence the president -- Consider This: amicus curiae briefs are legal briefs. d. lobby the judicial branch

d. lobby the judicial branch

(CH 5) The influence of which of the following agents of socialization best explains why a young adult might tend to be distrustful of politicians? a. schools, which unintentionally socialize children to be distrustful of authority through explicit lessons in student-run elections - Consider This: In early grade levels, schools teach explicit and intentional lessons on the celebration of national symbols, including politicians. b. judges, who earn more, on average, than similarly qualified individuals in the private sector c. colleges, which sharpen students' understanding of the political process d. movies and other forms of popular entertainment, which often portray politicians as corrupt

d. movies and other forms of popular entertainment, which often portray politicians as corrupt

(CH 1) Which of the following would be considered a free election? a. one in which voters directly select policy b. one in which election rules favor the incumbent party c. one in which the costs of the campaign were paid for with public funds - Consider This: "Free" does not refer to financial cost in discussions of free elections. d. one in which there is no coercion of voters or election officials

d. one in which there is no coercion of voters or election officials

(CH 7) A person playing the "outside game" would do which of the following? a. file an amicus curiae brief b. lobby Congress -- Consider This: The outside game is often used to sway public opinion. c. lobby the executive branch d. organize the district

d. organize the district

(CH 7) Of the following, which can raise money from individuals and then distribute it directly to political candidates in the form of campaign contributions? a. 527 organizations b. coordinating committees -- Consider This: Coordinating committees work with the parties and the candidates. c. 501(c)3 organizations d. political action committees

d. political action committees

(CH 1) Freedom of speech, religion, association, and the press are examples of which of the following? a. civil rights - Consider This: Civil rights typically refers to political equality and equal treatment together. b. state mandates c. nonexclusionary rights d. political liberties

d. political liberties

(CH 1) Which of the following refers to basic freedoms essential to the formation and expression of majority opinion and its translation into public policies? a. tyranny of the majority b. political equality - Consider This: Political equality refers to the equality of weight that each citizen holds in their opinion, and therefore, their vote. c. popular sovereignty d. political liberty

d. political liberty

(CH 1) The actions of the National Rifle Association (NRA) to prevent the passage of gun control legislation best illustrate which part of the analytical framework used by your textbook? a. government b. government action -- Consider This: The NRA is not considered to be government, but rather, an interest group that may have quite a bit of influence upon government action. c. structure d. political linkage

d. political linkage

(CH 2) In which of the following systems is government by representatives of the people instead of directly by the people themselves? a. democracy - Consider This: Democracy is the system of self-government. b. monarchy c. oligarchy d. republic

d. republic

(CH 2) Which of the following advocates for limited government that is based on popular consent, but protects against majority tyranny? a. constitutionalism b. democracy - Consider This: A direct democratic system allowed for common people to play a larger role in public life and did not address the prevention of majority tyranny explicitly. c. libertarianism d. republicanism

d. republicanism

(CH 5) Statistical uncertainty in estimates associated with the fact that surveys do not interview every individual in the population of interest is called __________. a. measurement error b. sample bias c. probability sampling - Consider This: Probability sampling refers to a technique that ensures that all individuals of a particular population has an equal chance of being included in a pool of survey responders. d. sampling error

d. sampling error

(CH 4) Of the following, which type of worker is best positioned to withstand the effects of an economic downturn such as the Great Recession? a. blue-collar workers - Consider This: Middle class workers are heavily hit by lower employment and wage rates that come with economic downturns. b. low-skilled service workers c. manufacturing industry employees d. software engineers

d. software engineers

(CH 1) The framework presented to understand American politics is a set of interrelated actors and influences that operate in which of the following interconnected realms? a. institutions, interests, and citizens -- Consider This: Institutions, interests, and citizens are all part of the interconnections in question, but they are not the framework of American politics. b. the media, the courts, and the internecine political institutions c. composition, opposition, and despotism d. structural factors, political linkages, and governmental sectors

d. structural factors, political linkages, and governmental sectors

(CH 2) Which clause provides that the Constitution shall have ultimate authority in the United States? a. due process b. full faith and credit - Consider This: "Full faith and credit" refers to Article IV, Section 1 of the Articles of Confederation. c. primacy d. supremacy

d. supremacy

(CH 1) Some people claim that the media increasingly peddle ideologically biased political news. If this is true, which of the following necessary conditions for popular sovereignty is jeopardized? a. that government policies reflect the wishes of the people b. that government leaders are selected in competitive elections c. that elections are free and fair - Consider This: Free and fair elections mean that no coercion of voters takes place and that election rules do not favor some candidates over the other. d. that high-quality information is available

d. that high-quality information is available

(CH 5) If you agree that public opinion plays a crucial role in democratic government, what also must you believe for your views to be considered consistent? a. that public opinion is a threat to the needs of the majority b. that public opinion is a threat to core political beliefs c. that public ignorance is a threat to core political beliefs - Consider This: While this may be true in a sense, it is not what must be thought of to be consistent in this line of thinking. d. that people in government must hear the voices of citizens

d. that people in government must hear the voices of citizens

(CH 4) Which of the following groups has the lowest probability of living in poverty? a. African Americans b. children -- Consider This: Children is one of the minorities among which poverty is concentrated in the United States. c. single-parent, female-headed households d. the elderly

d. the elderly

(CH 5) Of the following events, which would political scientists consider least likely to have a generational effect on people's political outlooks? a. the Great Depression - Consider This: Even events that are relatively short-lived in duration can have a major impact on political outlooks. b. the civil rights movement c. the 9/11 terrorist attacks d. the incidence of childhood leukemia

d. the incidence of childhood leukemia

(CH 7) The practice in which former government officials become lobbyists for interests with whom they formerly dealt in their official capacity is called __________. a. the iron triangle -- Consider This: Some former officials bounce between the public and private sectors several times. b. networking the issues c. lobbying d. the revolving door

d. the revolving door

(CH 5) When does political socialization take place? a. during childhood and early adolescence b. in adolescence through early adulthood - Consider This: Political socialization begins as early as grade school. c. in early adulthood d. throughout the life-course

d. throughout the life-course

(CH 7) What purpose do iron triangles serve? a. to abolish free riders b. to create more opportunities for collective action c. to develop networks of advocacy briefs -- Consider This: A congressional committee with close ties to the banking industry and the SEC would be unlikely to heavily regulate the industry. d. to protect their self-interest

d. to protect their self-interest

(CH 1) What constitutes government action? a. public officials who have formal, legal responsibility in making policy b. political actors who do not hold official public office c. what issues become important in politics and government -- Consider This: Issues that are important to politics and government are considered political linkage. d. what government does

d. what government does

(CH 2) In order for a democracy to work, elections must be which of the following? a. fair b. inexpensive - Consider This: When elections are referred to as "free" it is not a reference to the financial costs, but rather that they are without coercion. c. hotly contested d. frequent

a. fair

(CH 2) Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution contains which powers of Congress? a. enumerated b. executive - Consider This: Article II of the Constitution relates to executive power. c. implied d. military

a. enumerated

(CH 2) Which of the following was not included in the Articles of Confederation? a. Congress b. the presidency c. a central government - Consider This: Though the central government was given little power in the Articles of Confederation, it was included. d. the ability to declare war

b. the presidency