Exam 1 Review

Ideological Polarization

Divergence of political attitudes in the mass public to Ideological Extremes

What is Civic Culture?

Every aspect of interaction with other people, Civic culture takes place in "third-places" ex: social media, a classroom

Health communication

Patents and caregivers Social support Mass Media

What is social capital?

Personal or social gains that you acquire from interactions, which are based on the norm of reciprocity-Putnam, 2000

The boundaries between education, entertainment, and propaganda are blurr

True

What is selective exposure?

We consume media which aligns with our views and avoid media that doesn't based on our psychological biases and cognitions.

Which of the following is an example of selective exposure?

a liber only watching CNN and refusing to watch Fox News

What is media literacy?

-An assessment of your competence in evaluating media messages and their effects -The ability not access, analyze, evaluate and create media in a variety of forms

What is conformation bias?

-Interpret information in a way that aligns with your existing beliefs -People of opposing views can each find support

Why should we study digital and social media?

1. Shapes our culture and influences behavior 2. Become more critical media consumers 3. Improve your own mediated interactions

Which of the following responses is the best example of agenda-setting in mediated communication?

A business magazine adds a new section on African Economics to its regular lineup or features

What are social networks?

A network of social interactions and personal relationships Interpersonal ties, members of an institution, friend circles, family, etc

What is a filter bubble?

A phenomenon in which a person is exposed to ideas, people, facts, or news that adhere to or are consistent with a particular political or social ideology

What are interpersonal relationships?

Associations between at least two people who are interdependent, who use consistent patterns of interaction, and who have interacted for an extended period of time.

Most social media users

Can regualarly review their posts and make some deletions

Bonding

Characterized by strong ties, which provide emotional support. Relationships are less diverse Built on reciprocity. Ex: Family members, dear friends

Bridging

Characterized by weaker, but more diverse ties When people pull together for a common cause Lack sufficient qualities trust, emotional bonds, time, etc.

CARS Checklist

Credibility, Accuracy, Reasonableness, Support

Linking

Extension of bridging capital Vertical and diverse relationships are formed Sense of "Awe" between individuals

Most social media are informal communication platforms where [people can express themselves freely with little fear of repercussions

False

According to Uses and Gratifications theory social media's effects depends on the platform being used?

False -Social Media's effect depends on the individual using them

What is Fake News?

False stories that appear to be news, spread on the internet or using other media, usually created to influence political views or as a joke

Overall, extroverted people tend to use social media less than introverted people

False, over all extrovertted people have been found to use social media more often than introverted

Why do we use media?

Gratification theory

What is propaganda?

Information or ideas that are spread by an organized group to influence people's opinions by not giving all the facts or secretly emphasizing only one way of looking at the facts.

What is availability bias?

Making decisions based on the information readily available

Which of the following are examples of mediated communication?

Posting a comment on Twitter or Facebook Reading the tag on a pair of pants Ex: radio, books, tv

What is interdependence?

Refers to a situation in which people are mutually dependent and have an impact on each other

We consume media which align with our views and avoid media that doesn't based on our psychological biases and cognitions. this is an example of

Selective Exposure

Gratification theory

Suggests that people use social media to satisfy their own needs and desires

This class is a ____ course?

Synchronous

An example of media convergence would be?

The ability to receive weather forecast by phone, email, radio, or television

Asynchronous Communication

The people involved experience a delay in interacting with one another

Framing

To take on aspect of a perceived reality or issue and make it seem more important to an audience (Entman, 1993)

Doctors generally do not allow patients to connect with them on social media?

True

What is Mediated Communication?

messages that are transmitted not directly from person to person, but through some other communication tool (medium) Ex: email

Synchronous Communication

the people involved interact with one another at the same time as both senders and receivers of information -Face-to-face, Skype/zoom/facetime, phone call

Gatekeeping

the process of determining what news, information, or entertainment will reach a mass audience

Agenda-Setting

the process of influencing what topics are considered critical for discussion by society