Exam 2

Suppose the average units produced in a month by a Ford Motor Co. plant for Ford Explorers is 22, but only 18 Explorers are produced on a given day in that same month. Then, the deviation score for this one day is ____.

-4

If a researcher wants to summarize the responses of subjects by gender and awareness of a particular brand ("Yes" or "No"), he or she should use a ____ contingency table.

2 x 2

Find the mean score of the following set of scores: 2, 5, 7, 4, 8.

5.2

What is Deviation Score?

A method of calculating how far any observation is from the mean is to calculate individual deviation scores

What is Sample?

A subset or some part of a larger population

What is Concept?

Generalized ideas that represent something of meaning

What is The Research Methodology Section of the Body ?

In addition to other thing, this section outlines the general statistical methods used in the study

What is Pie Chart?

In this chart, each angle, or "slice," is proportional to its percentage of the whole and should be labeled with its description and percentage

What is Appendix?

Includes any material that is too technical or too detailed to go in the body

What is Proportion?

Indicates the percentage of population elements that successfully meet some standard on the particular characteristic

Which term refers to the application of principles of conduct to business behavior as related to the exchange environment?

Marketing Ethics

What is Informed consent ?

Means that the individual understands what the researcher wants him or her to do and agrees to be a participant in the research study

____ is the process of describing some property of a phenomenon, usually by assigning numbers, in a reliable and valid way.

Measurement

____ definitions translate conceptual definitions into measurement scales.

Operational

____ is the long-run relative frequency with which an event will occur.

Probability

What is Custom?

Projects that are tailored specifically to a client's unique needs

The ____ is a measure of dispersion

Range

What is a Relativism ?

Reflects the degree to which one rejects moral standards in favor of the acceptability of some action

What is Index Number?

Represent simple data transformations that allow researchers to track a variable's value over time and compare a variable(s) with other variables

What is Nominal?

Represent the simplest type of scale and assign a value to an object for identification or classification purposes

What is Coding?

Represents the way a specific meaning is assigned to a response within previously edited data

What is Title Page ?

States the number of the report, for whom the report was prepared, by whom it was prepared, and the date of release or presentation

What is Validity?

The accuracy of a measure or the extent to which a score truthfully represents a concept

What is Mode?

The measure of central tendency that merely identifies the value that occurs most often

What is Median?

The midpoint of the distribution, or the 50th percentile

What is Bar Chart?

This chart shows changes in the value of a dependent variable at discrete intervals of the independent variable

What is Cross Tabulation?

This may answer many research questions, and as long as a question deals with only one categorical variable, it is probably the best approach

What is Letter of Transmittal?

This part explains how the report represents a key deliverable and invites further discussion on the matter

What is Line Graph?

Useful to show the relationship of one variable to another

In which section of the research report should extremely comprehensive or detailed charts be placed?

appendix

Examining responses to the question "Have you ever purchased a ticket online for an American Airlines flight?" by looking at subgroups based on gender and zip code is an example of ____.

elaboration analysis

All of the following are elements of a research report EXCEPT for the ____.

feedback notes

All of the following can be measured using ratio scales EXCEPT ____.

gender

Hans is writing a letter to include after the title page of a research report. The purpose of this letter is to release or deliver the report to the recipient rather than provide detailed information of the research findings. What is this letter called?

letter of transmittal

Carlos is examining the row and column totals in a contingency table. What are these called?

marginals

When a third variable is included in an analysis and that third variable changes the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable in an important way, the third variable is called a(n) ____.

moderator variable

All of the following are advantages of in-house research EXCEPT ____.

more objectivity

Janet has agreed to participate in surveys online. Every few weeks, she is sent an email asking her to participate in an online survey. What did Janet most likely do to become involved in these research studies?

opted in

In which type of chart do the slices represent a percentage of the whole?

pie chart

In which type of sampling does every element in the population have a known, nonzero probability of selection?

probability sampling

Claire believes she is a moral person, but she also believes that it is acceptable to tell a lie in certain situations. Which term best reflects Claire's beliefs?

relativism

Which of the following is an indicator of a measure's internal consistency?

reliability

Which aspect of the research methodology section of the research report should include an explanation of whether the research was exploratory, descriptive, or causal?

research design

A researcher puts the name of each person in a sampling frame list on a 3" x 5" card, shuffles the cards thoroughly, and then selects 35 names from the top of the pile of cards for a phone interview study. What type of sampling procedure is being used?

simple random sample

Which type of sampling error is primarily due to the nature of a study's design and the correctness of study execution?

systematic sampling error

The orderly arrangement of data in a summary format showing the number of responses to each response category is called ____.

tabulation

The researcher examining descriptive statistics for any particular variable is using which type of statistics?

univariate

Another term for the sponsoring client in research studies is the ____.

user

What is Data Census?

An investigation of all the individual elements making up the population—a total enumeration rather than a sample

What is The Executive Summary?

Briefly explains why the research project was conducted, what aspects of the problem were considered, what the outcome was, and what should be done

What is Frequency Table?

Counting the different ways respondents answered a question and arranging them in a simple tabular form

What is Contingency Tables?

Data matrices that display the frequency of some combination of possible responses to multiple variables

What is Simple Random?

Each element in the population will have an equal chance of being included in the sample

Age, gender, brand loyalty, and corporate culture are all examples of ____.

concepts

The idea that information involved in a research will not be shared with others is known as ____.

confidentiality

When a researcher uses students to participate in a study because he has easy access to them, what type of sampling procedure is being used?

convenience sampling