Exam 2 Extra Credit Quiz 11

In most U.S. states, a person is considered legally intoxicated for driving when the concentration of alcohol in the bloodstream reaches __________ percent.

0.08

Among people who are employed, people __________ are most likely to report past month drug use.

18 years of age or younger

How does cocaine affect the brain?

Cocaine blocks the presynaptic dopamine transporter, thus increasing the availability of dopamine in the synapse and increasing the activation of the receiving cells.

_________ is a hallucinogen that is derived from the small, disc-like growths at the top of the peyote cactus.

Mescaline

Which of the following might explain why Muslims, Mormons, and orthodox Jews report lower incidence of alcohol use disorders?

Religious values place rules around the consumption of alcohol.

Which of the following best describes one reason that pathological gambling is considered an addictive disorder?

Substance use and gambling disorders are maintained by short-term gains despite long-term problems caused from these behaviors.

Bob, after going on a week-long alcohol binge, has not had any alcoholic drinks in the last 24 hours. He states there are rats running across the floor (though no one else sees the rats), exhibits trembling in his hands, and cannot identify where he is when taken to the hospital. Bob is likely experiencing __________.

alcohol withdrawal delirium

Studies have shown that a high percentage of pathological gamblers __________.

commit crimes related to family violence and aggression

It is suggested that a __________ in the brain plays a primary role in the "wanting" or anticipation of reward; however, __________ seems to play a primary role in the "liking" or consumption of rewarding stimuli.

dopaminergic pathway; the opioid system

When compared to heroin, methadone is __________.

equally addictive in a physiological sense but produces less psychological impairment

The __________ is central to the release of the neurotransmitter dopamine and in mediating the rewarding properties of drugs.

mesocorticolimbic pathway

__________ is sometimes referred to as "poor people's cocaine," producing a long-lasting high because it is metabolized slowly.

methamphetamine

The Alcoholics Anonymous model believes that __________, and thus one __________.

one is never cured of alcoholism; is always considered to be "in recovery"

In relapse prevention treatment, participants are taught to __________.

recognize the apparently irrelevant decisions that serve as early warning signals of the possibility of relapse

Tolerance for barbiturates follows a different pattern than opiate tolerance in that __________.

tolerance for barbiturates does not increase the amount of drug needed to cause death