Exam #2

In terms of bone health, why would a physician advise an older patient to do more weight-bearing activity such as walking, jogging, or use of moderate weights?

all of these explain why a physician would give such advice to a patient

In the diagram shown below, which area would contain gap junctions, tight junctions and desmosomes?

b. B

Of the basic tissue types, which types have excitable cells?

muscle and nervous tissues

Which tissue can withstand friction and abrasion?

stratified epithelium

A group of cells that have a common origin and function together to perform a specialized group of activities is called a(n) _______.

tissue

This type of epithelium, only found in the urinary system, is composed of cells that are cuboidal in a relaxed state, and upon stretching become flattened and appear squamous.

transitional

Which of the following would be found in the bladder?

transitional epithelium

Jaundiced skin has a _______ hue, often due to liver problems. Cyanotic skin appears _________ due to lack of oxygen and excessive carbon dioxide in the blood vessels of the skin.

yellow, blue

List the order of the zones in an epiphyseal plate from the diaphyseal region to the distal epiphysis. A: Zone of calcified cartilage B: Zone of hypertrophic cartilage C: Zone of proliferating cartilage D: Zone of resting cartilage

A B C D

Which structure in the figure produces melanin?

D. D

The amount of calcium in bones ________ with age. This change occurs at a younger age in _________.

Decreases, Women

Which part of a neuron typically receives input?

Dendrites

The root of a hair follicle penetrates into the _______.

Dermis

__________ glands are abundant and found in skin covering most of the body. They are also involved in regulation of body temperature as sweat evaporates from skin.

Eccrine

These fibers can be greatly stretched without breaking and are composed of elastin.

Elastic

Which of these structures allows the diaphysis of a bone to increase in length?

Epiphyseal Plate

Neurons and muscle fibers are _________ cells because they produce electrical signals.

Excitable

Each serous membrane is divided into a parietal layer and a visceral layer. The visceral layer is attached to and lines the wall of the body cavity.

False

Wounds that only damage the epidermis won't bleed because the epidermis is avascular.

False

Which cell junctions have fluid-filled tubes called conexxons that allow small molecules to move between adjacent cells?

Gap Junctions

Which type of fracture typically occurs in children and involves a partial fracture in which one side of the bone breaks while the other side bends?

Greenstick

In the diagram, which is the osteon?

B. C

Which is the most common form of skin cancer?

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Darker skin is the result of a(n):

Increased melanin production by melanocytes

In this phase of would healing a blood clot temporarily unites the edges of the wound and blood vessels dilate so neutrophils can enter to clean up the area.

Inflammatory

The buildup of bilirubin in an infant's blood can occur if the liver does not remove the chemical causing the skin to appear yellow. This condition is

Jaundice

The majority of the epidermis is made up of _________.

Keratinocytes

Which is NOT a component of blood tissue?

Lymph

White hair is the result of a lack of ________.

Melanin

Which type of epithelium makes up the epidermis?

keratinized stratified squamous

In the diagram shown below, which cellular junction will prevent acidic stomach fluid from seeping into the connective tissue?

A. A

Which feature(s) of the skin protect(s) us against microbes such as bacteria?

All of these are correct

Which surface of the cell is in contact with a body cavity, the lumen of an organ, or the exterior?

Apical

Bone can grow in diameter by:

Appositional Growth

Osteocytes lie in lacunae arranged in concentric circles around a central canal in:

Compact Bone

Name the two main subtypes of epithelial tissue based on location and function:

Covering/lining, Glandular

In this phase of would healing the clot forms a scab; epithelial cells migrate into scab; fibroblasts also migrate to start scar tissue; and pink granulation tissue contains delicate new blood vessels.

Migratory

What type of a system is used for regulation of blood calcium concentration?

Negative

_________ convert stimuli into nerve impulses and conduct impulses.

Neurons

The stress of exercise stimulates ________ and ________ bones.

Osteoblasts, Strengthens

When levels of blood calcium are too low, parathyroid hormone is released which stimulates:

Osteoclastic Activity

Mature bone cells are called ________.

Osteocytes

A single layer of cells that don't all reach the apical surface but all its cells rest on the basement membrane is called:

Pseudostratified epithelium

Red Bone Marrow is found in which type of tissue?

Spongy Bone

Which bone tissue has osteocytes that are arranged irregularly in trabeculae?

Spongy Bone

Epithelial cells have a continuous capacity for renewal partly due to the presence of immature undifferentiated cells called ________ which divide to replace lost or damaged cells.

Stem Cells

A skin graft would be used for an injury when the ______ was destroyed.

Stratum Basale

Three to five rows of clear, flat dead keratinocytes, present only in thick skin of the fingertips, palms, and soles is called:

Stratum Lucidum

During a needle biopsy of a person's bone marrow, maybe to test for the presence of cancer, pain is felt when the needle passes through the periosteum because it is richly supplied with nerves.

True

In addition to a thicker stratum corneum and the presence of a stratum lucidum, the thick skin of the palms and fingertips of the hands and of the soles of the feet have a denser array of sense receptors than thinner skin found elsewhere on the body, and also is hairless.

True

In deep wound healing, an injury has penetrated through to the dermis or even the hypodermis (subcutaneous layer). In this type of wound, the healing process will leave a scar and could involve a loss of some functionality of the area of the wound.

True

The shaft of a long bone is called the diaphysis and the end of a long bone nearest the point of attachment to the trunk is called the proximal epiphysis.

True

The skeletal system can produce blood cells and store triglycerides.

True

Wounds that only damage the epidermis won't bleed because the epidermis is avascular.

True

Which is not a function of the skeletal system?

carbohydrate storage

An elderly woman trips and falls. She puts out her hand to try to stop her fall, and ends up with a fracture of the lower arm. An x-ray shows that at the break, many pieces of bone have a splintered and fragmented appearance. Which type of fracture does this woman have?

comminuted fracture

The skin is also known as a (the) _________.

cutaneous membrane

Which figure shows bone tissue?

e. G

This tissue covers body surfaces and lines hollow organs of the body such as the stomach and bladder.

epithelial tissue

The _______ component of connective tissue is found between the cells and fibers, and functions to support and bind cells in the tissue together?

ground substance

The process of intramembranous ossification generates bone within a pre-existing template composed of mesenchymal tissue. In contrast, endochondral ossification generates bone within a pre-existing template composed of _____.

hyaline cartilage

Most of the bones of the skull are formed by this process.

intramembranous ossification