Exam 2 True or False
Within expectancy theory, expectancy is an employee's perception about the extent to which his or her effort will result in a certain level of performance
True
Work motivation is a psychological factor that will directly affect work performance, all other things being equal
True
Intrinsically motivated behavior is performed not for its own sake but rather for its consequences
False
Procedural justice is concerned with the fair and equitable distribution of outcomes across workers to encourage high levels of motivation
False
Procedural justice theory focuses primarily on the relationship between inputs and outcomes
False
The scientific management method was developed out of the U.S. war effort in World War II
False
Job enlargement is also referred to as vertical job loading
False - enrichment = depth enlargement = horizontal
The three key elements of work motivation are direction of behavior, level of effort, and goal achievement
False - level of per
A major difficultly with Maslow's and Alderfer's theories is that it may be unrealistic to expect that all people become motivated by different types of needs in a set order
False - only Maslow's
Valence refers to how desirable each of the available outcomes is to most workers
False - to you
Expectancy theory proposes that regardless of which outcomes are available, employees will be motivated to contribute their inputs to the organization unless they believe they'll result in achieving a given level of performance
False - valence
In the scientific management approach to job design, pay is the principal outcome used to motivate employees to contribute their inputs
True
Jobs that were designed under scientific management principles tended to be monotonous and dehumanizing
True
Managers need to make sure that employees who perform at a high level do in fact received the outcomes that they desire - outcomes with high positive valence
True
Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory proposes that all human beings have five needs that they seek to satisfy: physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization
True
Motivated workers will consistently seek to help an organization achieve its goals
True
Motivation is only one factor among many that contributes to an employee's job performance
True
Motivational problems may occur if all outcomes have low valences
True
The determination of the exact types of body movements that are most efficient for performing certain tasks is done through a process called "time and motion studies"
True
The perceived relationship between a certain level of job performance (or the performance of certain behaviors) and the receipt of a specific outcome is instrumentality
True
The three types of needs in Alderfer's theory are existence, relatedness, and growth
True
When an assembly line worker is given some of the responsibility for checking the quality of work that the supervisor used to do, his job has been enriched
True
According to equity theory, inequity exists when the ratio of outcomes to incomes of the individual is not proportionally equal to the ratio of outcomes to incomes of the referent
True