EXAM 3. 420 Mobility. PrepU

If the basal ganglia, part of the cerebral hemispheres, are damaged by diseases such as Parkinson disease and Huntington chorea, what clinical manifestation could result?

Abnormal movement patterns

The young child is experiencing muscle spasms and has been given lorazepam. Which statements by the child indicate that the child may be experiencing some common side effects? Select all that apply.

"I feel sort of dizzy." and "I need to take a nap."

The nurse is caring for an infant girl in an outpatient setting. The infant has just been diagnosed with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). The mother is very upset about the diagnosis and blames herself for her daughter's condition. Which response best addresses the mother's concerns?

"This is not your fault and we will help you with her care and treatment."

Which clients may be experiencing an alteration in neurotrophin levels? Select all that apply.

A 55-year-old who is exhibiting clinical manifestations of early-onset Alzheimer disease A 44-year-old with a family history of Huntington disease who is exhibiting jerky, uncontrollable movements.

The clinic nurse caring for a patient with Parkinson's disease notes that the patient has been taking levodopa and carbidopa (Sinemet) for 7 years. What common side effects of Sinemet would the nurse assess this patient for?

Dyskinesia. (abnormal involuntary movements). characterized by severe rigidity, stupor, and hyperthermia

Which activities would the client with a T4 spinal cord injury be able to perform independently? Select all that apply.

Eating Breathing Transferring to a wheelchair Writing

In a spinal cord injury, neurogenic shock develops due to loss of the autonomic nervous system functioning below the level of the lesion. Which of the following indicators of neurogenic shock would the nurse expect to find? Select all that apply.

Hypotension Venous pooling Tachypnea Hypothermia

The health care provider is performing a spinal tap on a client with suspected infection. The provider would perform the procedure at:

L3 or L4

A client with a spinal cord injury has experienced contractures and destructive changes in the joints of the lower extremities. The nurse determines which of the following is the most likely cause?

Loss of proprioception and reflex control of the muscles

Since catecholamines can be degraded by enzymes, which medication category—usually prescribed to treat a Parkinson disease client—can increase the levels of neurotransmitters by decreasing their enzymatic degradation?

Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor

Which stimulus is known to trigger an episode of autonomic dysreflexia in the client who has suffered a spinal cord injury?

Placing a blanket over the client.

The nurse is performing range-of-motion exercises on a client's arm. The nurse starts by lifting the arm forward to above the head of the client. Which action would the nurse perform next?

Return the arm to the starting position at the side of the body.

Which is a strategy for lowering risk for osteoporosis

Smoking cessation

A client is diagnosed with osteomyelitis. This is most commonly caused by which of the following?

Staphylococcus aureus

An orthopedic nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative day 1 following foot surgery. What nursing intervention should be included in the client's subsequent care?

The foot should be elevated in order to prevent edema.

The nurse is liaising with the physical therapist and occupational therapist to create an activity management plan for a patient who has multiple sclerosis. What principle should be integrated into guidelines for exercise and activity that the team will provide to this patient in anticipation of discharge?

The patient should perform frequent physical activity but avoid becoming fatigued. may aggravate symptoms. The patient is advised to take frequent short rest periods, preferably lying down.

A nurse is assessing pain in a client who has a spinal cord injury. The client states that even a light touch to the legs will illicit severe pain. The client is describing which type of pain?

allodynia

The nurse is assessing the client for muscle mass, tone, and strength and determines that there is increased tone that interferes with movement. How does the nurse document this finding?

spasticity.or hypertonicity, is defined as increased tone that interferes with movement.

The nurse is assessing the developmental level of children in a pediatric clinic. The nurse would be most concerned about which client?

the 24-month-old child who is unable to walk unassisted

The nurse is planning an education program for women of childbearing years. What does the nurse recognize as the primary prevention of osteoporosis?

Ensuring adequate calcium and vitamin D intake

A 60-year-old woman has been recently diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, a disease in which the oligodendrocytes of the client's central nervous system (CNS) are progressively destroyed. Which physiologic process within the neurologic system is most likely to be affected by this disease process?

Nerve conduction

The nurse is caring for an 8-month-old infant in Bryant traction for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and is monitoring for complications. Which assessment finding most concerns the nurse?

a weak pedal pulse

A client with multiple sclerosis (MS) is frustrated by tremors associated with the disease. How should the nurse explain why these tremors occur? Due to the demyelination of neurons that occurs in MS:

communication being sent through neurons is slowed.