EXAM #3 CAN 9, 10, 11, 12

Methods of empowering the ________ include communication with respect, rapport-building, and dignity. (CH12)

Elderly victim

The Wolfgang homicide study of 1958 recognized for the first time that ________ could be deadly. (CH12)

Family Crime

________ officers were 60 percent more likely to use aggression against their partners as compared to the other officers according to a reanalysis of data collected from the Baltimore Police Stress and Domestic Violence Study. (CH11)

Female

The most common court response to intimate partner violence is that the offender is mandated to a state-approved offender: (CH14)

treatment program.

Substance abuse was significantly related to physical abuse in LGBTI abusive intimate relationships. (CH9)

true

The term dementia comes from Latin for: Madness. Senseless. (CH10)

Both a and b

Police often lack the jurisdiction to enforce domestic violence restraining orders that were issued from another state. (CH9)

False

In severe cases, the ________ is one who beats his partner as frequently as 60 times per year. (CH11)

High-risk offender

As far back as 1991, Murray Straus included previous animal cruelty as an assessment criterion for predicting future ________ violence against women. (CH11)

Lethal

Elder abuse is defined an intentional act or failure to act that cause harm or risk serious harm to a vulnerable elder by a caregiver. (CH10)

True

Homophobia refers to the condemnation, loathing, fear, societal disdain, and religious rejection of all things homosexual and those who practice it. (CH9)

True

Contrary to popular belief, the majority of stalking incidents begin before an intimate relationship has: (CH 13)

actually ended.

Without a Mincey warrant, a police officer may be on the premises legally to conduct a(n) ________ response, such as a search for other victims and the killer when the body of a dead person is found. (CH 13)

emergency

According to the Full Faith and Credit provision of the VAWA, if a same-sex survivor of IPV successfully obtains a domestic violence restraining order in his or her state, that protection order is ________ in every state in the United States. (CH9)

enforceable

An example of ________ homicide is the defense referred to as battered women's syndrome. (CH 13)

excusable

Deaths within the gay and lesbian community that are relationship-related are typically documented through traditional methods. (CH 13)

false

False victimization syndrome is believed to be involved in a majority of stalking complaints that are encountered by law enforcement. (CH 13)

false

Guidelines have been established to assist police officers and to assure that the rights inherent under the Chapman v. Arizona decision are protected. (CH 13)

false

In response to the murder of actress Rebecca Schaeffer, California became the fifth state to pass an anti-stalking law in 1998. (CH 13)

false

Abuse of an older adult who lives in a long-term care facility such as a nursing home or residential care facility is termed: (CH10)

institutional abuse.

________ is a social category that reflects real biological variation in which a person has a sexual anatomy that does not fit the typical definition of male or female. (CH9)

intersex

Death review ________ have been established to review cases involving child deaths in all 50 states. (CH 13)

teams

Intimate partner homicide victims make up approximately ________ percent of all murders nationwide. (CH 13)

11

Which of the following is not an example of elder financial abuse? (CH10)

Bankruptcy fraud

Which of the following is not a sign of self-neglect? (CH10)

Compliance with medication

A 1996 law, known as the Lautenberg Amendment, prohibits anyone convicted of a theft crime from purchasing or possessing a gun. (CH12)

False

Dutton and Nicholls (2005) argue that society has a responsibility of protecting all victims, regardless of the ________ of the offender or victim. (CH11)

Gender

A 1996 law, known as the ________, prohibits anyone convicted of a misdemeanor crime of domestic violence or child abuse from purchasing or possessing a gun. (CH12)

Lautenberg Amendment

The ________ was passed in 1996 as part of the Omnibus Spending Bill prohibits anyone convicted of a domestic violence misdemeanor or felony crime from owning or carrying a gun. (CH14)

Lautenberg Gun Ban

What does LGBTI stand for? (CH9)

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex

Researchers are finding that a significant number of family violence survivors go directly to courts for civil orders of protection, bypassing the: (CH11)

Police

One promising approach for the LGBTI population has been the requirement that police officers make arrests based on the ________ determination. (CH9)

Primary Aggressor

Dual arrests by police occur ________ when same-sex partners are involved. (CH9)

most frequently

According to Teaster et al., the most frequent perpetrator of abuse against an older adult is his or her: (CH10)

own adult child

The search to identify the ________ of the murder also begins in the circle immediately surrounding the victim. (CH 13)

perpetrator

Commonly, provisions contained in a protection order are referred to as: (CH14)

relief

Which is the most common form of abuse and neglect investigated? (CH10)

self

Abusers are lowlifes and uneducated people. (CH12)

False

The ________ in IPV is the person who is responsible for the perpetuation of the violence, not necessarily who initiated it in one particular incident. (CH12)

Primary Aggressor

The term ________ means that the victim can go into court without the assistance of a lawyer and represent himself or herself. (CH14)

Pro se

________ is a standard of proof that must be satisfied for any search or seizure to occur. An arrest is legally defined as a seizure. (CH12)

Probable cause

The groups that are most likely to be violent and stalk others are: (CH 13)

Those that have had an intimate relationship with the victim.

What is a sign of sexual abuse? (CH10)

Torn, stained, or bloody underwear

An exploder offender: (CH11)

Usually acknowledges that he has used the violence but blames his partner for provoking him

Historically, ________ have charged law-enforcement officers with failure to meet the needs of domestic violence survivors. (CH9)

Victim advocates

The National Violence Against Women Survey (NVAW) is the only national survey on intimate partner violence that does not exclude same-sex respondents. (CH9)

True

The antisocial batterer is the most dangerous. (CH11)

True

The plain-view doctrine justifies seizure of items that were not anticipated during the course of a search pursuant to a warrant. (CH12)

True

The system for ensuring proper gun ownership is partially achieved through the National Instant Criminal Background Check System. (CH12)

True

The three basic phases to the interview process are preparation, establishment of the psychological content, and the actual questioning. (CH12)

True

Though same-sex IPV appears to mirror opposite IPV in both type in prevalence, its victims receive fewer legal protections. (CH9)

True

Though there are many causes for both substance abuse and for intimate partner violence, little evidence suggests that one problem causes the other. (CH11)

True

Use of derogatory language in addressing one's partner is not legally prohibited, but usually signifies emotional abuse. (CH11)

True

Violence against pets is considered to be a predictor for adult violence in children. (CH11)

True

Some experts suggest that fear of retaliation, cultural barriers, emotional trauma, or stress may play a role in the failure to report domestic violence to: (CH9)

Victims Advocates

The creation of cross-agency response teams involves all of the following except: CH14

a prosecutor

Straus suggests two criteria to help identify high-risk offender cases (Straus, 1993): Criterion A-That the suspect initiated three or more instances of violence in the preceding year. Criterion B-That the suspect threatened a partner with ________ or verbally threatened to kill the partner. (CH11)

a weapon in hand

Definitions of elder maltreatment fall into which category? Family or domestic Institutional Self-neglect or self-abuse (CH10)

all

Elder abuse can take the form of: Abandonment. Intentional neglect by the caregiver. Unintentional neglect by the caregiver. all (CH10)

all

Undue influence occurs when people use their role with the elder to exploit: Trust. Dependency. Fear of others. (CH10)

all

emedies contained in a protection order may include: (CH14)

all of the abov

According to the National Conference of State Legislatures, ________ of states have statutes establishing a civil order specific for the protection of cyberstalking or cyberharassment, or both. (CH 13)

all of the above

Typically, older adult abuse is defined to include individuals who are: age 60 or older. 65 years and older. age 70 or older. (CH10)

all of the above

Violation of a civil protection order may be a: (CH14)

all of the above

Which of the following is a typical piece of information asked for in a request for protection? (CH14)

all of the above

Which significant points can lead to the decision of whether a case belongs in the family or in a criminal court? (CH14)

all of the above

________ generally include provisions restraining contact; prohibiting abuse, intimidation, or harassment; and prohibiting the possession of firearms. (CH12)

all of the above orders of protection restraining orders protective orders

Acts of IPV by a police officer against an intimate partner are estimated to be ________ acts committed by the general population. (CH11)

at least as common as

After an abusive attack, it is not unusual for the offender to: (CH11)

beg for forgiveness

The most frequent form of family violence is simple assault, and approximately three-quarters of the incidents occur in or near the victim's residence. (CH11)

beg for forgiveness

A tyrannical offender: (CH11)

both A and CKnows what he's doing and intends to frighten, intimidate, and punish his partner., Describes his partner as being submissive and careful around him.

When "Q" appears in the acronym after LGBT is may refer to the term: Queer. Questioning. (CH9)

both a and b

Which of the following is an example of identity abuse?-Outing -Exploitation of internalized homophobia (CH9)

both a and b

Major studies on ________ violence find that women are both victims and perpetrators of physical violence at the same rate as or a higher rate than men. (CH11)

dating

Which is not a descriptor of tactics used by abusers? (CH11)

depression

________ abuse is defined as an intentional act or failure to act that causes harm or risk serious harm to a vulnerable older adult by a caregiver or another person in a relationship involving expectation of trust. (CH10)

elder

A significant factor is the stalker's desire to keep the victim within a personal relationship, since more than half of stalkers begin before the legitimate relationship has actually ended. (CH 13)

false

According to a recent BJS study, domestic violence defendants were slightly more likely to be convicted, but tended to receive shorter sentences than non-domestic violence defendants. (CH14)

false

All domestic violence cases filed by prosecutors go to trial, though not all end in conviction. (CH14)

false

The primary focus of specialized domestic violence courts is offender rehabilitation. (CH14)

false

Though requests for reform have been made, the Social Security Administration will not allow victims of abuse to change their Social Security number, making it difficult for survivors to escape their abusers. (CH14)

false

Three general categories are recognized to describe the forms of homicide: justifiable, excusable, and inexcusable. (CH 13)

false

In what was called the ________, police officers were trained to negotiate with the parties and refer them to social services agencies in a mediation process. (CH12)

family crisis model

What is the leading reason expressed by survivors for opposing prosecution? (CH14)

fear

The majority of intimate partner homicide victims is: (CH 13)

female

Police have a duty to enforce domestic violence restraining orders that were issued from another state under the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA), passed by Congress as part of the Federal crime bill. This is known as: (CH9)

full faith and credit

According to the military process for domestic violence prevention, ________ offenders should be separated from the military and/or receive disciplinary action. (CH11)

high risk

What is defined as the killing of a human being by the act, procurement, or omission of another human being? (CH 13)

homicide

A common misconception is that police officers do not need a warrant to search and seize evidence if they are investigating a: (CH 13)

homicide.

The scope and power of authority for each court is called its: (CH14)

jurisdiction

Which homicide is the intentional taking of another's life that is lawful, such as police officers responding to the commission of a felony with deadly force that could not be avoided? (CH 13)

justifiable

Which is not one of the stages of batterer programs? (CH14)

incarceration

Family and probate courts typically have jurisdiction over: (CH14)

all of the above

Which is not one of the three basic phases of the interview process? (CH12)

Documentation

Citing frequent revictimization within ________ of the restraining order, some experts suggest that they offer a false sense of security. (CH14)

2 years

Due to the changing elder demographics, it is estimated that the number of investigations of elder abuse may increase ________ by 2030. (CH10)

50 percent

Jurisdictions with specialized domestic violence prosecution programs typically have the highest rates; a court in San Diego documented that ________ of cases brought by the police were prosecuted. (CH14)

70%

According to the National Council on Aging (2013) about ________ percent of cases, perpetrators of abuse in later life are family members. (CH10)

90

According to the Renzetti typology of abusive lesbian relationships, which category best describes lesbian IPV? Situational IPV Chronic IPV Emotional or psychological IPV all of the above (CH9)

All of the above

Internalized homophobia can be associated with: Self-hatred. Self-imposed limits on one's aspirations. An acceptance of popular myths about homosexuality. (CH9)

All of the above

Lesbian survivors of abuse may deny their victimization due to: the utopian myth. unwillingness to give up their expectations of the lesbian relationship. fear of fueling hatred against them. (CH9)

All of the above

A(n) ________ is an advocate for residents of nursing homes, board and care homes, and assisted-living facilities. (CH10)

APS

Which is not a risk factor for abandonment? (CH10)

Adequate personal resources

________ are available in every state and in the District of Columbia to assist in the protection of older adults against abuse; these agencies act alone or in conjunction with law enforcement. (CH10)

Adult Protective Services

Mutual abuse assessments can have consequences on an IPV survivor, such as: Humiliation. Arrest. Risk for further victimization. (CH9)

All of the above

The 2009 National Elder Mistreatment Study found that sexual abuse against older adults:is underreported to the police.is committed by family members in more than half of cases.is primarily a form of domestic violence. (CH11)

All of the above

The most common form of dementia among older people is ________, which initially involves the parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language. (CH10)

Alzheimer's disease

The most common perpetrator of abuse against an older adult is: (CH10)

An adult child

The ________ is an individual with a diagnosable mental illness or personality disorder, a substance abuse problem, and is more likely to have a criminal record. (CH11)

Antisocial batterer

stalking is a crime that is perpetrated by: (CH 13)

Any demographic — stalking has no specific perpetrators.

Laws are constantly changing with respect to police arrest procedures; generally, policies are classified into three categories. Which is not one of the categories? (CH12)

Arrest by gender

A client may be terminated prior to completion for a number of reasons. Among them are the following except: (CH14)

Attending group sessions regularly.

Which is not an example of a protection or resource available through domestic violence advocates? (CH14)

Batterer imprisonment

The holding in Davis and Hammond decided statements are testimonial and therefore triggers the Crawford analysis if: (CH14)

Both A and B

Aging lesbians were found to have a greater risk of experiencing ________ as compared to similarly situated heterosexual women. Psychological distress symptoms Physical disability (CH9)

Both a and b

Protection from an IPV offender is found in various forms, including criminal law, with legal sanctions, and ________ which may include criminal/legal sanctions. (CH12)

Both a and b Criminal protection orders and civil protection orders

By 2050, senior citizens will outnumber ________ for the first time in history, which is noteworthy since individuals will require additional care and support as they grow older. (CH10)

Children ages 14 and under

The term ________ has been used to describe a variety of behaviors (a) that involve repeated threats and/or harassment, (b) that involve the use of electronic mail or other computer-based communication, and (c) that would make a reasonable person afraid or concerned for his or her safety. (CH 13)

Cyberstalking

The term ________ refers to those courts which assign judicial officers to hear a special domestic violence calendar, regardless of whether or not they hear those cases exclusively. (CH14)

Domestic Violence Court

When both parties in domestic violence—related assault are arrested, it is called a: (CH12)

Dual arrest.

Aging LGBTI adults were found to be less likely to suffer from chronic conditions as they age as compared to heterosexual men and women, despite similar access to health care. (CH9)

False

An officer has the task of determining if probable cause exists to believe that a crime has been committed and that an arrest is warranted. (CH12)

False

Due to new policies outlined by the military, jurisdiction is no longer an issue when it comes to dealing with intimate partner violence committed by military personnel. (CH11)

False

Dysphoric or borderline offenders frequently engage in violent behavior both inside and outside the home (CH11)

False

In a situational IPV relationship, victims experience abuse at least twice as a result of a crisis situation. (CH9)

False

In addition to questions about the incident under investigation, a risk assessment doesn't always have to be made to determine the level of danger that the batterer presents. (CH12)

False

In some situations it is acceptable to use restraints on someone in a nursing home without a physician's order. (CH10)

False

Institutional abuse of an older adult typically occurs at the workplace (CH10)

False

Most cases of older adult abuse lead to the elder seeking criminal charges against their abuser. (CH10)

False

Of all the types of offenders, the antisocial batterer is the least dangerous. (CH11)

False

Places that are covered by the Fourth Amendment protection that can be searched without a warrant include common areas, entrance ways, public places, semi-public places, open fields, and driveways. (CH12)

False

The Department of Justice has a large-scale system to track elder abuse in the U.S. (CH10)

False

The ________ requirement of the Violence Against Women Act requires police officers to enforce protection orders from other states, even when the enforcing state would not issue such an order itself. (CH12)

Full faith and credit

From an early review of the literature, ________ characterizes individual batterers as clinically assessed problematic individuals displaying poor impulse control, aggression, fear of intimacy, emotional dependence, fear of abandonment, and impaired ego functioning. (CH11)

Hanson

Internalized ________ refers to the internalized stress due to fear of those who are homosexual, which consists of condemnation, loathing, fear, societal disdain, and religious rejection of all things homosexual and of those who practice it. (CH9)

Homophobia

This term refers to the condemnation, loathing, fear, societal disdain, and religious rejection of all things homosexual and those who practice it: (CH9)

Homophobia

Specialized domestic violence response units within police departments require ongoing domestic violence evidence collection training for officers: (CH12)

Including mandatory arrest and primary aggressor decision making.

Stalking is a distinctive form of criminal activity because it: (CH 13)

Is a pattern of behavior.

Unlike the picture presented for physical dating violence, sexual aggression is almost exclusively perpetrated by: (CH11)

Males

________ requires a police officer to arrest a person without a warrant, based on a probable cause determination that an offense occurred and that the accused person committed the offense. (CH12)

Mandatory Arrest

________ refers to any unwanted intercourse or penetration (vaginal, anal, or oral) obtained by force, threat of force, or when the wife is unable to consent. (CH11)

Marital Rape

The ________ Domestic Violence study found that arrest of the spouse abuser reduced reoffending. (CH12)

Minneapolis

What called for officers in the Minneapolis Police Department (MPD) to carry out one of three responses when they had probable cause to believe a misdemeanor assault had occurred between cohabitants or spouses? (CH12)

Minneapolis Domestic Violence Experiment

For failing to report abuse, a mandatory reporter could be found guilty of what? (CH10)

Misdemeanor

Violation of a stalking protection order is typically a ________ offense that carries with it the possibility of some amount of incarceration and fines. (CH 13)

Misdemeanor criminal

Which is not one of the forms of relief common under a protection order? (CH14)

Neighbor relations

The issue of same-sex marriage was settled in 2015 when the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in ________ that same-sex couples have the right to marry under the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. (CH9)

Obergefell v. Hodges

Which is not one of three responses of the Minneapolis domestic violence experiment? (CH12)

Order both parties out of the residence

Recent research suggests that police officers may experience ________ at higher levels than the general population, rendering them up to four times more likely to engage in domestic violence against an intimate or family member. (CH11)

PTSD

The majority of offenders against older adults are male, except when the victim is a ________, the offender is equally either male or female. (CH11)

Parent

________ laws give authority for an arrest without a warrant as the preferred, but not required, action in cases involving domestic partners. An officer who fails to make the arrest may be required to file a written incident report justifying why no arrest was made. (CH12)

Proarrest

The determination of ________ is critical to any police action that may involve an arrest; therefore, the officer must collect evidence and interrogate suspects. (CH12)

Probable Cause

The ________, passed in 1994, prohibits any person against whom there is a restraining or protective order for domestic violence from possessing a gun when there is a specific finding that the defendant represents a credible threat to the physical safety of the victim or an explicit prohibition against the use of force that would reasonably be expected to cause injury is included in the protection order. (CH12)

Protective Order Gun Ban

In 2001, a new analysis by Maxwell et al. of the five replication studies found support for the argument that arresting male batterers may, independent of other criminal justice sanctions and individual processes ________ IPV. (CH12)

Reduce Future

________ is characterized as the behavior of an older adult that threatens his or her health or safety. (CH10)

Self neglect

________ by former intimate partners have been closely linked as a risk factor for both murder and attempted murder. (CH 13)

Stalking

________ is a pattern of repeated and unwanted attention, harassment, contact, or any other course of conduct directed at a specific person that would cause a reasonable person to feel fear. (CH 13)

Stalking

The prosecution of intimate partner violence has been dealt a blow in what recent court decisions? (CH14)

Supreme Court

The IACP 2003 policy on Domestic Violence by Police Officers establishes the policy and procedures for handling IPV committed by police officers recognizing that federal law prohibits police officers convicted of qualifying misdemeanor IPV crimes from possessing firearms and states that officers found guilty of an IPV crime through criminal proceedings shall be: (CH11)

Terminated

Which is not a reason for the emergence of domestic violence courts? (CH14)

There has been a large increase in the severity of domestic violence cases.

The one trait all stalkers have in common is that: (CH 13)

They suffer from a personality or mental disorder.

A mandatory reporter is a person required by law to report allegations and/or suspicions of abuse. (CH10)

True

A statistically significant predictive relationship between internalized homophobia and the number of acts of physical violence and sexual coercion has been documented. (CH9)

True

A suspect's confession presents the most injurious evidence of a crime. (CH12)

True

According to the NVAW, gay men were approximately twice as likely to be victimized by IPV compared to heterosexual males and females. (CH9)

True

Internalized homophobia may also continue long after the individual reconciles his or her sexual orientation. (CH9)

True

Known as Full Faith and Credit, this mandate means that a state must enforce another state's protection order, even where the enforcing state would not issue such an order itself. (CH12)

True

Major studies on dating violence find that women have the same or higher levels than men regarding inflicting and sustaining physical dating violence. (CH11)

True

Not all those who enter into nursing home stay there permanently. (CH10)

True

Obtaining a clear picture of maltreatment of the older adult in nursing homes is difficult due to the various agencies and definitions that are involved in investigating complaints. (CH10)

True

Often the relationship is of value to an increasingly isolated elder, and threats of abandonment or commitment to an institution make the elder reluctant to follow through with criminal court proceedings. (CH10)

True

One criterion for identifying a high-risk offender is that the suspect initiated three or more instances of violence in the preceding year. (CH11)

True

Prevalence of financial exploitation of older adults is exceptionally high. (CH10)

True

Results from the NCVS indicate that males are the majority of offenders of intimate partner violence and females are the primary victims. (CH11)

True

Which is not a condition that allows for the use of restraints on someone in a nursing home? (CH10)

When a person is difficult to handle for the staff and the person currently watching over the person needs a break, but wants to make sure they don't go anywhere.

Adulots who perpetrate intimate partner violence often abuse the victim's ________ as a means to control and intimidate. (CH11)

pets

In addition to questions about the incident under investigation, a ________ must be made to determine the level of danger the offender presents. (CH12)

risk assessment

The association between alcohol and drug use to IPV is contributory rather than causal, increasing both the risk of IPV occurring and ________ to the victim. (CH11)

severity of injury

According to the Renzetti typology of abusive lesbian relationships, victims in this category experience abuse only once or twice as a result of a crisis situation. (CH9)

situational

Which is not one of the theoretical explanations for abuse in the LGBT community? (CH9)

sociocultural approach

The creation of cross-agency response teams involves all of the following except: (CH14)

specialized domestic violence prosecution programs

According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the most frequent victims of family homicides are: (CH 13)

spouses and ex-spouses.

________ of general jurisdiction has/have the authority to try all cases, both civil and criminal. (CH14)

state courts

A stalker who breaks into (by key or force) the victim's home and leaves evidence that someone was in the house may also be guilty of harassment. (CH 13)

true

An example of excusable homicide is the defense referred to as battered women's syndrome. (CH 13)

true

An extremely rare form of domestic and lethal violence, familicide, is defined as a multi-victim homicide incident in which the killer's spouse or ex-spouse and one or more children are slain. (CH 13)

true

Fear of the abuser, followed by fear of testifying in court, are the lead reasons for intimate partner abuse survivors opposing prosecution. (CH14)

true

Intentionally causing death to another may be homicide, but not necessarily murder. (CH 13)

true

Statements are NON-TESTIMONIAL when made during a police interrogation under circumstances objectively indicating that the primary purpose of the interrogation is to enable the police to meet an ongoing emergency. (CH14)

true

The most significant legislative change for protection against domestic violence is the civil protection order. (CH14)

true

The presence of children during a domestic assault may allow prosecutors to file additional charges against abusers for endangering the welfare of a child, even if the charges against the primary victim cannot proceed. (CH14)

true

The prosecution of domestic violence cases is no longer exceptional or rare, although the prevalence of prosecution varies from one jurisdiction to another. (CH14)

true

There has been a substantial increase in the number of domestic violence cases seen in the court system, despite the drop in domestic violence rates. (CH14)

true