EXAM 3

Each 100 mL of blood leaving the alveolar capillaries carries away roughly ________ of oxygen.

20ml

Define bronchopulmonary segment

A bronchopulmonary segment is a region of the lung supplied by a segmental bronchus.

at the respiratory membrane

At the level of the alveoli, where does gas exchange occur?

Define compliance and resistance.

Compliance is the ease with which the lungs expand and recoil. Resistance is an indication of how much force is required to inflate or deflate the lungs

the volume of gas that will dissolve in a solvent is proportional to the partial pressure of that gas.

Henry's law states that

upper respiratory tract

The trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli all make up the

alveolar ventilation rate

________ equals the respiratory rate × (tidal volume - anatomic dead space).

Functions of the nasal cavity include all of the following except

cooling the air

Air moves out of the lungs when the pressure inside the lungs is

greater than the pressure in the atmosphere.

The ________ is a depression in the lung that allows attachment of the primary bronchi, pulmonary vessels, and other structures.

hilum

Air passing through the glottis vibrates the vocal folds and produces

phonation

Air traveling from the tertiary bronchi must pass through the ________ to reach the pulmonary lobule.

terminal bronchioles

define oxyhemoglobin

Oxyhemoglobin is hemoglobin that has 4 molecules of oxygen bound.

Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood is transported as

bicarbonate ions

The respiratory defense system is important for all of the following reasons except

providing gas exchange

The pneumotaxic center of the pons

modifies the rate and depth of breathing.

At a PO2 of 70 mm Hg and normal temperature and pH, hemoglobin is ________ percent saturated with oxygen.

more than 90

In quiet breathing,

inspiration involves muscular contractions and expiration is passive.

Distinguish between the conducting portion and respiratory portion of the respiratory tract.

The conducting portion includes the nasal cavity and extends through the pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and larger bronchioles. The respiratory portion includes the respiratory bronchioles and alveoli.